Syftet med studien var att undersöka kommunsjuksköterskan omvårdnadsdokumentation om bensår i hemsjukvård. Som metod valdes journalgranskning. Resultatet visade att omvårdnadsdokumentationen brister på många sätt. / Background: In Sweden, approximately 50 000 people suffers from slow-healing leg ulcers. The number of municipal registered nurses ́ has decreased in recent years. The municipal registered nurses ́ often hold function as an advisory consultant for the nursing staff and without participating in nursing care. This documentation is based on second-hand information from the nursing staff. Purpose: The aim was to investigate how municipal registered nurse care documents about leg ulcers in patients in home care practice. Method: An audit of patient journals was chosen to investigate how municipal registered nurse ́ care documents about leg ulcers in patients in home care practice. Results: The results are presented in five themes: contact cause, health and medical history, skin functions alternatively skin / tissue, skin action alternatively action / prescription skin / tissue and Ulcer case record. Beneath these themes the assessment of documentation was into incomplete, partially complete and complete. The result shows that the municipal registered nurse often documents in chronological order and not applying to the nursing process. The results also showed that the old documentation was not completed in the journal, which meant that it was difficult to follow a course of treatment. Discussion: The result shows that documentation in home care failures in many ways. Municipal registered nurse works as a consultant and is not involved in daily care. The documentation is based on second-hand information from the nursing staff and resulting in the documentation of leg ulcers is poor. Patient journals documentation was divided into different keyword, which means that it was difficult to follow the nursing process.

Sammanfattning:  Bakgrund: Inflammatory Bowel Disease, IBD är ett samlingsnamn för kroniska inflammatoriska tarmsjukdomar som består av Crohns sjukdom (CD) och ulcerös kolit (UC). Sjukdomen går i skov och har symtom som frekventa diarréer, feber, rektal blödning, buksmärtor och viktnedgång.  Syfte:Syftet med studien var att beskriva personers upplevelser av att leva med IBD samt att presentera vilken undersökningsgrupp som beskrivits i de inkluderade artiklarna. Metod: Studien var en litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design baserad på 10 artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Artiklarna söktes i databaser CINAHL och PubMed.  Huvudresultat:Personer med IBD upplever att både de själva och omgivningen saknar kunskaper om sjukdomen. De känner oro och osäkerhet över läkemedelseffekter, sjukdomens utveckling och återfall. Personer som hade levt med IBD under många år har utvecklat strategier för att klara av olika situationer. Deltagarna i de inkluderade studier är vuxna män och kvinnor i olika åldrar som kommer från olika länder.  Slutsats:Personer med IBD beskriver flertal upplevelser av att leva med sjukdomen. Det framkommer att en stor del av personernas problem uppstår på grund av brister på kunskap om sjukdomen. Det leder till att de drabbade personerna har svårt att hantera sina dagliga sysselsättningar och har oro inför framtiden. Patienterna behöver få bra information och individanpassat stöd för att höja KASAM, utveckla egna strategier och hantera sjukdomen på ett bättre sätt. / Abstract Background:Inflammatory Bowel Disease, IBD is a collective name for chronic inflammatory bowel disease consisting of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The disease is in episode and has symptoms such as frequent diarrhea, fever, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain and weight loss. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe people's experiences of living with IBD and to present which research group described in the included articles. Method: The study was a literature study with descriptive design based on 10 articles with qualitative approach. Articles were searched from databases CINAHL and PubMed.  Main Results: People with IBD experience that both themselves and the environment lack knowledge about the disease. They feel anxiety and insecurity about drug effects, disease development and relapse. People who had been living with IBD for many years have developed strategies to cope with different situations. Participants in the included studies are adult men and women of different ages from different countries. Conclusions: People with IBD describe several experiences of living with the disease. It appears that a large part of the people's problems arise due to lack of knowledge about the disease. This means that the affected people are having difficulty managing their daily life and are worried about the future. Patients need to get good information and personalized support to raise KASAM, to develop their own strategies and manage the disease in a better way.

The aim of this diploma thesis was to assess a level of health literacy of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, describe the nurse's competences in the field of patients' level of health literacy and map the occurrence of podiatric outpatient clinics in Czech Republic. In theoretical part, we were discussing the health literacy in nursing, what the health literacy means and why it is important to improve it. We mentioned the education and the role of nurse in nursing and how this role is related to health literacy. Then we focused on diabetes mellitus type 2, its characteristics, prevention, development of disease, treatment and the most common complications related to this disease. The lifestyle is closely related to this disease, therefore the rules of a healthy lifestyle are mentioned in the last section of theoretical part. Research part was divided into three areas. The first areas consisted of interviews with general nurses working in general practitioner's outpatient clinics. The second area consisted of two research groups. One group consisted of nurses working in inpatient wards and nurses working in specialized diabetological outpatient clinics. Second group consisted of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Third area was created with two interviews and participant observation. The research was conducted in cooperation Professor Kvapil and two nurse educators who are actively engaged in education of patients with diabetes mellitus and they are trained by Lilly Company. The research showed that increasing of health literacy depends by the greatest part on patient him-/herself, his/her interest, cooperation and attitude to change of his/her lifestyle. The most active nurses in the field of increasing health literacy were nurses working in specialized diabetological outpatient clinics, who are trying to increase the health literacy particularly by educational sessions with patients. Mapping the presence of podiatric outpatient clinics showed that these clinics are available in each region of Czech Republic. It is very important to improve the health literacy of patients with this disease thereby strengthening their health and reducing the risk of complications associated with this disease. The results of the research provide information about increasing the health literacy in relation to diabetes mellitus type 2.

This diploma thesis deals with current pharmacotherapeutic care with a focus on activities that nurses take part in. The aim was to collect and evaluate the views and experiences of selected nurses regarding their role in pharmacotherapy team, particularly what activities they perform in such team and how their pharmacotherapy teams work in general. SWOT analysis was then used firstly to evaluate the current role of nurses and secondly to suggest a way of implementation of possible extension of nurses' competencies in pharmacotherapy. In order to collect the required data, semi-structured interviews were conducted. These were recorded, so they could be easily processed afterwards. During transcription of the interviews into written text, all the collected data was briefly analysed. The data was further analysed using the open coding method, when three main categories with specific subcategories and subcodes were identified. All the selected men and women, which were asked for cooperation, are people working as a nurse without supervision and mentoring. Based on their career history all of them were expected to have a more specific experience with the issue. The respondents were mainly nurses with long-term working experience, often working in middle or senior management. When selecting the future...

Trycksår definieras av sår som uppstår när huden belastas med ett ihållande tryck som förhindrar att syre och näringsämnen når cellerna. Det är ett vanligt förekommande problem som drabbar patienter med begränsad rörlighet på grund av sjukdom och/eller behandling. Sjuksköterskors roll i det förebyggande arbetet av trycksår är att kontinuerligt bedöma risker och vidta åtgärder, för detta krävs kunskap och en positiv inställning. Syftet med detta arbete var att belysa sjuksköterskors kunskap och inställning till förebyggande av trycksår. En litteraturöversikt utfördes enligt Fribergs metod, elva kvantitativa vetenskapliga artiklar valdes då författarna bedömde att dessa besvarar studiens syfte. Dessa artiklar analyserades, jämfördes och kategoriserades i olika rubriker och underrubriker som presenteras i resultatet. Databaserna Nurse & Allied Health Database och Cinahl Complete användes. I resultatet identifierades två olika huvudrubriker: Kunskap och Inställningar till förebyggande av trycksår, under dessa rubriker finns också underrubriker. I resultatet framkom varierande kunskapsnivåer och inställningar till förebyggande av trycksår. För att begränsa trycksårs utveckling krävs det kunniga och positivt inställda sjuksköterskor, de är en viktig del av ett tvärprofessionellt team som arbetar mot samma mål: lindra patientens lidande, säkerställa en patientsäker vård och minska kostnader för hälso- och sjukvården. / Pressure ulcers are defined as ulcers that occur when the skin is loaded with a sustained pressure that prevents oxygen and nutrients from reaching the cells. It is a common problem that affects patients with limited mobility due to illness and/or treatment. The role of nurses in the preventive work of pressure ulcers is to continuously assess risks and take measures, for this, knowledge and a positive attitude is required. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on nurses' knowledge and attitudes to the prevention of pressure ulcers. A literature review was performed according to Friberg's method, eleven quantitative scientific articles were chosen when the authors of this paper judged that these answered the purpose of the study. These articles were analyzed, compared and categorized into different headings and sub-headings presented in the results. The databases PubMed, Nurse & Allied Health Database and Cinahl Complete were used. The results identified two different main headings: Knowledge and Attitude towards prevention of pressure ulcers, under these headings also received subheadings. The studies showed varied knowledge levels and attitude towards pressure ulcer and pressure ulcer prevention. To limit the development of pressure ulcers requires knowledgeable and positive nurses, they are an important part of an interprofessional team that works together towards the same goal: alleviate the patient’s suffering, ensure safe patientcare and reduce costs of health care.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior / Considerando-se que o acesso das gestantes ao atendimento digno, humanizado e de qualidade à alÃm de um direito, uma necessidade da mulher, o MinistÃrio da SaÃde expressa e oficializa por meio de portarias, a intenÃÃo de investir na atenÃÃo à gravidez, ao parto e ao puerpÃrio, instituindo o Programa de HumanizaÃÃo no PrÃ-natal e Nascimento (PHPN). à um Programa inÃdito, pois consulta ampla na literatura nÃo identificou nenhum outro no formato do PHPN. Ademais, à uma proposta de intervenÃÃo para um paÃs em desenvolvimento; oferece diretrizes para as diferentes instÃncias da assistÃncia; descreve as condiÃÃes mÃnimas para a atenÃÃo com incentivo financeiro atrelado ao cumprimento de tais condiÃÃes; e propÃe um sistema de informaÃÃo (SISPRENATAL), que oferece ao gestor local, monitorar avanÃos e desafios e corrigir falhas. Neste contexto, decidiu-se pela realizaÃÃo do presente estudo que teve como objetivo geral avaliar a qualidade da assistÃncia prÃ-natal no Cearà a partir da implementaÃÃo do PHPN, tendo como objetivos especÃficos avaliar indicadores de processo do PHPN geradores no SISPRENATAL no Estado; analisar aspectos especÃficos da atuaÃÃo do enfermeiro na atenÃÃo prÃ-natal, informados no sistema; e identificar a receita financeira gerado pelo PHPN para o CearÃ. O estudo caracterizou-se como sendo do tipo exploratÃrio e descritivo e teve como universo o Sistema de SaÃde do CearÃ. Parte dos dados foi coletada na CÃlula de InformaÃÃo da Secretaria Estadual da SaÃde por meio de busca no Sistema de InformaÃÃo do PrÃ-Natal e outra parte na Coordenadoria de Controle e AvaliaÃÃo da mesma Secretaria. Os indicadores de processo serviram de subsÃdios para analisar a qualidade da assistÃncia prÃ-natal no CearÃ, no perÃodo de junho de 2001 a agosto de 2006. Ao longo desses seis anos foram notificados 691.001 nascidos vivos (NV) no SISPRENATAL. Contudo, foram detectados apenas 312.507 cadastros de gestantes, ou seja, 44,4% do nÃmero de NV, incluindo gestantes com idade gestacional atà 120 dias entre 2001 a 2003 e a partir de entÃo as gestantes de todas as idades gestacionais. Observou-se aumento crescente nos indicadores de cadastramento precoce das gestantes (<120 dias) no programa, saindo de 88,3%, em 2001, para 96,4%, em 2006. A avaliaÃÃo de todas as condiÃÃes determinadas no Componente I do PHPN, juntas, que define uma melhor qualidade da assistÃncia prÃ-natal prestada, o percentual atingiu 15,67% das gestantes cadastradas. Este resultado foi superior em aproximadamente 50% o resultado encontrado no PaÃs, tendo em vista que a conclusÃo do referido indicador em nÃvel nacional foi de cerca de 10,12% para o mesmo perÃodo. Ficou demonstrado que os Enfermeiros atuam amplamente na assistÃncia prÃ-natal nas unidades bÃsicas de saÃde do Estado, pois 95% dos cadastros de adesÃo de gestantes e 88% das consultas de puerpÃrio foram realizadas por esse profissional. Quanto ao aspecto financeiro ao verificar-se a diferenÃa dos valores de procedimentos que foram realizados e informados no BPA dos municÃpios mas, nÃo tiveram aprovaÃÃo temos um valor total Estadual de R$ 323.040,00. O que se percebe, pelo valor à a possÃvel falta interesse ou atà mesmo o desconhecimento por parte dos gestores, em resolver problemas que geram a desaprovaÃÃo das informaÃÃes e obstruem a arrecadaÃÃo de recursos, diminuÃdo, desta forma, a possibilidade de maiores avanÃos nesta Ãrea. Enfim, com este estudo pÃde-se perceber que se faz necessÃrio uma intensificaÃÃo nas discussÃes entre profissionais, gestores e comunidade, levantando os avanÃos e desafios em cada municÃpio, em cada Ãrea adstrita de PSF, a fim de promover uma visualizaÃÃo das diversas necessidades no campo da assistÃncia prÃ-natal, buscando soluÃÃes viÃveis e eficazes. à inaceitÃvel que uma Ãrea do cuidado tÃo necessÃria e tantas vezes priorizada nas polÃticas pÃblicas de saÃde deste PaÃs ainda padeÃa de negligÃncia pela ausÃncia de garantias tÃo bÃsicas como a realizaÃÃo de exames laboratoriais essenciais, imunizaÃÃo anti-tetÃnica e o seguimento puerperal, realidade detectada no Cearà e tambÃm descrita no cenÃrio nacional. Hà de reconhecer o papel ativo do enfermeiro nessa Ãrea do cuidado e de ser inadiÃvel que gestores municipais se apropriem do processo de financiamento do PHPN e possam minimizar oportunidades perdidas de aquisiÃÃo de recursos. / Pregnant womenâs access to a decent, humanized and qualified service is not only a right, but a womenâs necessity. The Health Department expresses and makes official through regulations, the intention of investing in attention to pregnancy, childbirth and post-delivery, establishing the Program of Humanization in Prenatal and Birth (PHPN). It is an unprecedented program, as a deep search in literature did not identify any other program like PHPN. Besides, it is a proposal of intervention for a country that is in process of development; it offers directives for the different instances of assistance; it describes the minimum conditions for the attention with financial incentive connected to the execution of such conditions; and it suggests an information system (SISPRENATAL), with offers the local administrator to monitor progress and challenges and to correct imperfections. In this context, it was decided to carry out the present study which had as a general objective to evaluate the quality of prenatal assistance in Cearà from the implementation of PHPN on. The specific objectives were to evaluate process indicators of PHPN generator in the SISPRENATAL in the State; to analyze specific aspects of the nurseâs performance in the prenatal attention, informed in the SISPRENATAL; and to identify the financial income produced by PHPN to the state of CearÃ. The study was characterized as exploratory and descriptive and its universe was the Health System of CearÃ. Part of the data was collected in the Information Department of the Health State Secretariat through a search in the Prenatal Information System (SISPRENATAL). The other part was collected in the Coordination of Control and Evaluation of the same Secretariat. The process indicators served as supplementary information to analyze the quality of prenatal assistance in CearÃ, between June, 2001 and August, 2006. Throughout these six years 691.001 live born infants (NV) were notified in the SISPRENATAL. However, only 312.507 registrations of pregnant women were notified, that is, 44,4% of NV, including pregnant women with pregnancy age until 120 days from 2001 to 2003, and from then on women with all pregnancy ages. It was observed a continuous increase in the indicators of pregnant womenâs early registration (<120 days) in the program, from 88,3%, in 2001, to 96,4%, in 2006. In the evaluation of all conditions determined in Component I of PHPN, together, which defines a better quality of prenatal assistance, the percentage reached 15,67% of registered pregnant women. This result was about 50% superior to the result found in the Country, considering that the conclusion of this indicator in national level was about 10,12% in the same period. It was demonstrated that nurses act extensively in prenatal assistance of basic health units of the State, because 95% of pregnant womenâs registration and 88% of post-delivery service were carried out by this professional. Concerning the financial aspect, when we verify the difference of the value of the actions which were carried out and informed at the BPA of the municipalities but were not approved, we have a State total value of R$ 323.040,00. It is noticeable by this value the possible lack of interest or even the lack of Knowledge that governors have when solving problems that produce the disapproval of information and block the collection of resources, what decreases the possibility of greater progress in this area. In conclusion, it was possible to notice through this study that it is necessary to intensify the discussions among professionals, governors and community about progress and challenges in each municipality, in each area of PSF, in other to promote a visualization of several necessities in prenatal assistance and look for possible and effective solutions. It is unacceptable that the area of care which is so necessary and considered many times a priority by public policies suffer because of negligence and absence of basic guarantees like the realization of essential lab exams, anti-tetanus immunization and post-delivery service. This is a reality detected in Cearà and also described in the national scenery. We have to recognize the active role of the nurse in this area of care and that it is urgent that governors of the municipality appropriate the financing process of PHPN and minimize missed opportunities to obtain financial resources for the Health Local System.

No description available.

Pregnancy is a period full of changes. The perception of life values by the woman and her partner are varied, changes in the life style are encountered and their roles in the life are also altered. The pregnant woman feels that nothing will be like before. She is very sensitive and also easily vulnerable. Contrastingly to the routine prenatal care, prenatal psychology searches for answering questions what the feelings in the pregnancy are in terms of the psychosocial situation, and what the impacts of this course on the newborn condition after the delivery are. The scope of the work is aimed at the importance and forms of the prenatal attachment, course and its impact on the newborn. The targets of the Diploma Work entitled "Effects of the psychosomatic situation of pregnant women on the child prenatal development" are as follows: 1) to assess the pregnant woman psychosomatic situation, 2) to evaluate the influence of psychosomatic situation on prenatal development of child 3) to determine the measure of the pregnant woman (dis)comfort throughout three trimesters and 4) to evaluate the newborn condition after the delivery. Thirty pregnant women were addressed. Fifteen women reflected on the proposal and agreed with completing an anonymous standardized scale. The respondents were contacted within a period of February 2017 to February 2018. The research sample group included the women and their newborns. The choice was intentional. The women completed the Freybergh scale, which is focused on monitoring the psychosocial situation of pregnant women. It comprised 70 questions divided into seven categories. They were answered through the mediation of a compiled web reference at http://mail.scac.cz/mrIWeb/mrIWeb.dll?I.Project=V31_TEHOTENSTVI_PORIZOVANI. The statistically processed results indicated the measure of the deprivationof pregnant women in particular trimesters and condition of the newborn after the delivery based on the pregnancy experienced. The Atlas programme was employed for the qualitative research to develop an anchored statement. From the sample group of 15 women and their 405 answers, 2% of answers were recorded corresponding to an intermediate degree of deprivation. Every respondent suffered frommild deprivation. The results of the present study will find their applications particularly to branches of prenatal psychology and gynaecology. They will serve as pilot results for a CEP project planned.

A qualitative, descriptive, exploratory and contextual study was undertaken to explore and describe how clinic nurses practice their role regarding growth development monitoring and anthropometric measurement of children and interpretation of their values. An accessible population of twelve clinic nurses of all categories were purposively recruited to participate in the study. In depth individual interviews were conducted to generate data. Interviews were audio-taped and transcribed by the researcher verbatim. The direct quotes of participants were coded and arranged into meaning units for analysis. Tech’s (1990:142-145) eight steps of analysis to analyse the textual qualitative data as cited by Creswell (2009:186) was used until themes, categories and subcategories were identified and developed. Data analysis was triangulated by using Atlas.ti computer software version 7.0 to organise text, audio data files coding, memos and findings into project files. An independent coder analysed data for validation using content analysis. Data analysis revealed that nurses had challenges in ways of doing practice evidenced by inconsistencies and discrepancies in GDM, APM of children and incorrect interpretation of their values. Non-compliance to protocols from both nurses and parents was a significant finding. Shortage of resources was reported as a major hindrance. Guidelines were formulated to guide clinic nurses. Recommendations were proposed that the matter be taken up by nurse managers, educators and leadership from the Department of Health / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)