Vorstellung des Projekts OpenStreetMap: - Philosophie, Arbeitsweise, Lizenzen - Erfassen von Geodaten - Technik und Werkzeuge - Anwendungen

Der Vortrag wurde zum UNIX-Stammtsich am 25.5.2010 gehalten.

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This thesis describes technical aspects of the successful implementation of the open source VuFind library resource portal at the National Library of Technology. Using source code analysis, the thesis provides a useful guide to deploying VuFind at czech library. The thesis confirms that VuFind is a capable solution for enabling efficient and effective searching and browsing of integrated library resources. 1

Syfte –Svenska myndigheter, framförallt Domstolsverket, är intresserade av att implementera en chatbot för att kunna informera allmänheten om sina tjänster samt även besvara frågor på ett lättare sätt. Studier inom kundtjänst har tidigare visat tecken på att förbättra kundupplevelsen med hjälp av den härtekniken. Myndigheternas kunskaper om denna teknik är begränsad och därför måste en studie om vilket det mest lämpade alternativet är göras. Hur avgör myndigheterna vilken mjukvara som är att föredra? För att besvara frågan behöver myndigheterna granska en mjukvaras arkitektur utifrån en eller flera fördefinierade mätningspunkter. Dessa mätningspunkter blir benämnda som kvalitetsattribut, som i sin tur är syftar till icke-funktionella kännetecken för en komponent eller ett system. Ett systems modifierbarhet är viktig för en myndighet då de behöver kunna anpassa systemet efter sina egna behov. Anledningen till det är för att olika myndigheter använder en plattform på flera varierande vis beroende på deras val av arbetssätt och informationsspridning. För attytterligare bredda studien så valdes en frågeställning som fokuserar på en jämförelse mellan en open source och closed source-chatbot.Frågeställningen blev således: Hur skiljer sig opensource chatbots och closed source chatbots utifrån modifierbarhet?Metod –För att besvara frågeställningen användes en utvärderingsmetod som fokuserar på det nämnda kvalitetsattributet. SAAM ( Software Architecture Analysis Method ) är en etablerad metodför att jämföra eller utvärdera mjukvaruarkitekturer utifrån dess modifierbarhet.Två chatbottar, där den ena -Microsoft Azure Bot som representerar closed source, blev jämförd mot den andra -Botpress som representerar open source.För att få svar på forskningsfrågan gjordes en litteraturstudie om hur en SAAM-utvärdering skall utföras och vad som krävs för att den skall kunna vara genomförbar. När detta var funnet följdes sedan de steg som finns inom en SAAM-utvärderingsprocess.Scenarion blev framtagna som sedan blev vidareutvecklade och indelade i direkta och indirektascenarion. Det var dessa typer av scenarier som sedan avgjorde vilken typ av chatbot som var mest modifierbar. Indelningen gjordes genom litteraturstudier. Dessa scenarion blev sedan utvärderade i tur och ordning, där relevant litteratur om de båda plattformarna studerades för att kunna göra analyserna. Med analyserna på plats kunde senare vilket ramverk som var att föredra avgöras och därmed avsluta studien med en slutsats till frågeställningen. Resultat –Efter att ha slutfört studien och granskat resultatet kan följande slutsats dras: Botpress chatbotten var mer modifierbar än Microsoft Azure chatbotten.Implikationer –Studiens resultat visade efteråt att Botpress är den som var mest modifierbar. Det implicerar att en open source chattbot är mer modifierbar än en closed source chatbot.Begränsningar –Den första begränsningen som påverkade studiens trovärdighet var antalet chattbotar som blev utvärderade. Som tidigare nämnt behandlade studien endast två plattformar, vilket egentligen endast besvarar vilken av dessa två plattformar som är mest modifierbar. Den andra begränsningen var komponenterna som behandlades. Där komponenterna huvudsakligen berörde FAQ-delen av båda plattformarna.Den tredje begränsningen var valet och antalet av scenarier, där studien använde ett begränsat antal scenarier. Studien skulle vara mer trovärdig om den hade fler och mer varierande scenarier att utvärdera plattformarna ifrån. Den fjärde begränsningen var attde indirekta scenarierna inte blev validerade på samma sätt som de direkta scenarierna, då utvärderarna ej var experter på plattformens arkitektur, som de i sig enligt SAAM’s anvisningar bör vara.

Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Angeli Furlani / Resumo: A agricultura digital tem contribuído com a melhoria da eficiência na aplicação de insumos ou no plantio em local pré-determinado, resultando no aumento da produtividade. Nesta realidade a aplicação de técnicas de Processamento de Imagens Digitais, bem como a utilização de sistemas que utilizam a Inteligência Artificial, tem ganhado cada vez mais a atenção de pesquisadores que buscam a sua aplicação nos mais diversos meios. Com o objetivo de desenvolver um sistema robótico que utiliza um sistema de visão computacional capaz analisar uma imagem e, detectar basicamente a presença de cana-de-açúcar e planta daninha, bem como a ausência de qualquer planta, o projeto desenvolvido unificou conhecimentos sobre estas duas áreas da ciência da computação com a área de robótica e agricultura que, culminou no desenvolvimento de uma estrutura robótica com ferramentas gratuitas, como é o caso dos softwares e hardwares modulares voltados para o ensino de informática em escolas. A união de tudo isso resultou em uma estrutura de software e hardware que captura e armazena imagens em um banco de dados; além de possibilitar a classificação de imagens pelos usuários habilitados por meio de aplicativo Android. Por meio da verificação da acurácia entregue pelos algoritmos de Machine Learning, com injeção cíclica e, pela análise do tempo de resposta, foi constatado que o sistema é capaz, munido destas informações, de gerar classificadores que, remotamente são carregados pelo DRR (Dispositivo Robótic... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Digital agriculture has contributed to improving efficiency in the application of inputs or planting in a predetermined location, resulting in increased productivity. In this reality, the application of Digital Image Processing techniques, as well as the use of systems that use Artificial Intelligence, has increasingly gained the attention of researchers who seek their application in the most diverse media. In order to develop a robotic system capable of creating a computer vision system capable of analyzing an image and basically detecting the presence of sugarcane and weed, as well as the absence of any plant, the project developed unified knowledge on these two areas of computer science with the area of robotics and agriculture, which culminated in the development of a robotic structure with free tools, such as software and modular hardware aimed at teaching computer science in schools. The combination of all this resulted in a software and hardware structure capable of allowing the capture and storage of images in a database; in addition to enabling the classification of images by users enabled through the Android application. By checking the accuracy delivered by the Machine Learning algorithms with cyclic injection and analyzing the response time, it was found that the system was able, with this information, to generate classifiers that are remotely loaded by the RRD and these, in turn, were able to classify images in sugarcane fields in real time. / Mestre

The development of a global model incorporating Climate, Land, Energy and Water (CLEW) parameters and interconnections was undertaken using the Open Source Energy Modelling SYStem. The model was to be a simplistic representation of the nexus systems and include the most relevant mechanisms between them. Two separate modules on land use and materials were created and combined with an already existing energy module. Water and climate parameters were added to all modules and they were combined to the global CLEWs Base model. Three scenarios were run on the separate sector modules and the combined model. Results from the comparison of the separate and combined modules indicate that the CLEW approach is applicable even on a simplistic, highly aggregated scale. Differences in resource allocation were observed when the same parameters were run in the single sector modules and in the combined base model. However, to make the model provide a representative image of global resource conditions additional data and parameters will be required. The resulting global CLEWs model provides a wide range of potential applications and can be easily expanded. As an open source tool it could act as an educational instrument or for policy support and be adapted to different geographical boundaries and detail.

It is of utmost importance for software developers to develop a product that is functional for the end users. One way to ensure this is to have continuous unit tests forthe product. However, software testing is deemed as an unimportant part of the iteration process by many developers. The extent to which an open-source system hasbeen tested may show the current testing practices or lack thereof. The results couldhelp future developers and product owners to improve the quality of their softwareand help identify bugs early on in the iteration process. Previous studies have shownthat there is a trend amongst developers to avoid testing their products and this research helps to show if that is the case or not. We have created a tool that extractsthe method names, class names, method bodies, test classes and test methods froma project in order to analyse and show how thoroughly they are being tested. Theresults of this project have agreed with the previous studies that there is a tendencyamong developers to avoid testing which can lead to a lot of problems.

Spatial data is playing a bigger role within many fields outside of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. With more and more users with varying levels of previous spatial analysis experience using this kind of data, there is a growing demand on how this information is best presented to the user. This user-centered design is an increasingly common theme in other adjacent fields, but is still in its infancy in the field of GIS. Currently there is no obvious generalized solution that provides the answer to how to present data, no matter if it is spatial or not. How to present data in a smart and comprehensive way is still an everyday challenge across many fields. The objective of this thesis is to create a prototype of a web based Network Information System (NIS) where the layman user is in the center of the entire design process. This includes both the actual visualizations, but also the choice of tools and the interface design. The prototype is designed around the role of the customer service representative in a utility company using a NIS. This type of layman user is the kind of user that today works in a system that is designed with neither their role nor their GIT experience or training in mind. From this prototype, the efficacy of different visualization techniques on layman users is evaluated, producing more general guidelines for user-centered development directed at layman users. The first step of this user-centered design process is to understand the user. By interviewing users of the system, their current work flows and opinions of their current system are better understood. From this, information about which tools they need, which current features work well and which need revising is gathered. Based on this, a mock-up is created which is then transformed into a prototype. Finally, the prototype is evaluated by the target audience with comments on a presentation as well as a larger survey. The results show that in general the prototype is well-received with regards to existing functionality and how it is presented through the interface design. The implemented visualizations are well understood by most of the expert users, but are less successful with the layman users in the survey. Especially with regards to the icon choices and other point representations, there is a discrepancy between the intended visualization and the perception of the survey takers, which may partly be due to the lack of context presented. An appreciated fact is that the functionality implemented in the prototype is tailored to the requirements put forth by the users. User-centric design processes depend heavily on the developer's understanding of the user and their needs. This is as true for functionality as for visualizations, where familiarity and associations can be both beneficial and detrimental, depending on how well understood they are. Using icons to represent objects is very efficient, as long as the context and the meaning of the icons themselves are well defined and conveyed. Finally, it is imperative to not throw too much information at the user. Whether in the shape of too many tools and options, or by displaying too much on the map, the same clutter-problem occurs. When presenting a situation or a scenario, the core message cannot be obfuscated by unnecessary features, functions or choices.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Every year, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) expand their participation in the Peruvian market, while facing high internal disorganization issues that stifle their growth. This problem is rooted on the fact that the contents generated by these companies are not usually adequately recorded, managed, and exploited, and thus negatively affecting the organization and their competitiveness levels. Now, although most of this issue may be solved through enterprise content management (ECM) solutions, they are not affordable for most SMEs because of their high prices. Within this context, this study proposes the implementation of a cloud-based open-source ECM model at a manufacturing SME in Peru. Through this model, the company was able to access the benefits of an ECM to restructure the way they manage content, gaining 67% more efficiency, establishing a collaboration channel between employees, suppliers, and customers, and reporting a 93% model adaptation rate among staff members. / Revisión por pares