The thesis is devoted to the following two representatives of literal decadence, Oscar Wilde, British dramatist, prose writer, poet and essayist, and Arthur Breisky, Czech prose writer, literary critic and translator. The thesis opens with providing a basic insight into the life and work of both authors. They were both influenced by decadence, which was not only an artistic trend, but also a specific spirit of the time that was reflected in the psychological and social roots and opinions of both authors. The thesis works with the basic assumption that the Czech decadent Breisky was significantly influenced by Wilde in his opinions and activities. The thesis sets up three areas to explore that mingle and influence each other: criticism, masque and mystification. The main similarities between Wilde and Breisky are analyzed in the thesis. Based on the comparison of individual motives, it is possible to trace how Breisky builds on Wilde's ideas and what, on the other hand, he invents newly or differently. Apart from the comparison of both authors, the thesis also provides a comprehensive overview of Breisky's opinions on literature and art at the theoretical level. Key words: Arthur Breisky, Oscar Wilde, decadence, critique, art, masque, mystification, dandysm

The main object of my dissertation, focused on aesthetics of Oscar Wilde, includes: transparent recapitulation of thoughts presented in Wilde's theoretically principal texts and further interpretation of Wilde's aesthetics in its complexity and up-to-dateness as well. The key importance for the Wilde's aesthetics, for the main texts capturing his aesthetical thinking, is partly superiority of art over reality, partly the program "life as art". Let's encapsulate individual texts from this perspective: In The Decay of Lying the art - a beautiful lie serves as a paradigm for life and nature. In the essay The Critic as Artist the criticism-art is an example of how people should live: either to escape to beauty, to imagination or to escape to a dissociated, aestheticized view of life. This aesthetically-ethical choice is one of the substantial aspects in the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray: art as an example of how to manage to live a hedonic and sensual live as much as possible - in contrast to a certain extent - how to live a "dissociated, spectatorial life". In The Soul of Man Under Socialism the art has its revolutionary-political dimension: it represents a model of a real individualism; maximum self- development. Finally, in De Profundis Wilde includes in his "artistic life", which is a matter of...

In this thesis, I examined the lives of my great-grandparents, Oscar and Emma Swett. Oscar began a homestead in the Uinta Mountains in 1909, which he successfully ran for nearly sixty years. My grandmother was born on the ranch, and my own father spent much of his time there. I look at how land policy changed from encouraging ranching and farming in the early 1900's to tourism and recreation in the 1960's, with the coming of the Flaming Gorge Dam. The lives of my great-grandparents and their children were shaped by these changes and they felt the consequences of the shifting values of the Forest Service and government. I used many primary documents in my research, from interviews given by the Swett children to photographs and documents. I also drew from literature and research by other western authors, such as Wallace Stegner, Mary Clearman Blew, and Steve Trimble. I connected my personal and family stories and memories with the larger framework of land policy in the West and the culture of ranching families similar to my own family. This enabled me to show how land policy affected many individuals and families on a personal level, looking through the prism of my own family and experiences.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 乙第12939号 / 論人博第41号 / 新制||人||177(附属図書館) / 27||論人博||41(吉田南総合図書館) / 32149 / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科環境相関研究専攻 / (主査)教授 丸橋 良雄, 教授 前川 玲子, 教授 水野 眞理, 教授 廣野 由美子, 教授 松田 英男 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

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Denna studie baseras på analyser av kommentarer till tidningsartiklar om idrottare som utmanar synen på möjlighet, förmåga och funktionsfullkomlighet.1 Arbetet utgår ifrån diskursanalytiska redskap för att ta reda på hur omgivningen reagerat på idrottare med funktionsnedsättning2 som vill delta fullt ut i idrottsvärlden. För att belysa ämnet har en idrottare, den dubbelamputerade sprintern Oscar Pistorius, fått utgöra typexempel. Genom att visa hans personliga och sportsliga förutsättningar framträder de diskurser och tankegångar som utgör skärningspunkten mellan frågor kring vem som har ett funktionshinder3, vad som ingår i idrottsvärlden och hur annorlunda ens sportutrustning får vara. Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka hur dessa gränsöverskridande idrottare tas emot både av idrottsvärlden och av samhället i stort. Förhoppningen är att i stora drag synliggöra de frågor och värderingar som finns idag kring vad en idrottare är, vad hon kan göra och hur hon ska ges en sportslig chans att visa detta.Uppsatsen visar att idrottare som utmanar gränserna mellan funktionshinder och förmåga ges allt större möjlighet att göra detta inom idrottsvärlden. Samtidigt ses idrottarna som en svårlöst fråga vad det gäller att skapa lika villkor och sportsliga chanser kring förutsättningar och utrustning. Normerna kring idrottandet utmanas när deltagare har så särpräglade förutsättningar och avvikande utrustning att en jämförelse med andra idrottare blir svårare att göra. Frågan kan till exempel ställas om det meningsfulla i tävlandet kan bevaras när startfältet får allt större variationsrikedom. Samtidigt mottas denna utmaning på andra håll med öppna armar och idrottarna får respekt och beundran för sina insatser.Bearbetning, analys och diskussion av materialet visar att tyngdpunkten i diskursen har förskjutits från handikappsfären och ganska långt in i idrottsvärlden. Exempelpersonen i det här arbetet, Oscar Pistorius, ses oftast som en idrottare oavsett de kontroverser som varit kring hans tävlingsmässiga utövande på elitnivå. Han är dock en idrottare som kanske inte kan jämföras med sina motståndare. I gränslandet mellan människa och maskin blir frågan om lika förutsättningar och ett rättvist regelverk inom tävlingsidrotten något som hamnar i fokus. / This study is based on analysises of comments on news articles about athletes who challenge the norm concerning possibility, ability and able-ism. The study is uses tool form discourse analysis to find out how society has reacted to athletes with disabilities that want to participate completely in the world of sports. To illustrate the subject an athlete, the double amputee sprinter Oscar Pistorius, has been made a case in point. By showing his personal and athletic conditions the discourses and ideas comes to sight that together make the intersection between questions about who has a disability, what is a part of the world of sports and how different ones equipment is allowed to be. The ambition is to outline the questions and values that exist today about what an athlete is, what she can do and how she is given a sporting chance to show this.The essay shows that athletes who challenge the line between disability and ability are given increasing chances to do so in sports. At the same time the athletes are seen as an intractable question concerning creating equal opportunities and fair chances regarding conditions and equipment. The norms around athletics are challenged when participants has such distinctively different conditions and aberrant equipment that a comparison to other athletes becomes harder to make. Questions may be asked about whether competition can continue to be meaningful when the starting field contains more and more variability. At the same time this challenge is embraced in other places and the athletes receives respect and admiration for their achievements.Processing, analysis and discussion of the material shows that the emphasis of the discourse has shifted from the sphere of handicapped and pretty far into the world of sports. The example person for this essay, Oscar Pistorius, is often seen as an athlete despite the controversy around his participation in elite level competition. He is, however, an athlete that might not be possible to compare to his opponents. In the borderland between human and machine the question of equal opportunity and fair rules within competitive sports comes into focus.

Tillägget på Mariagårdstäppan ska bland annat rymma utbildningslokaler för en komvuxverksamhet, konferenslokaler och en restaurang. På tomten står idag en blåklassad palatsliknande byggnad anno 1875, Oscar den I:s minne. I och med Citybanans byggande har det lagds ned otroligt mycket tid, kompetens oh kapital för att rädda byggnaden från att kollapsa, så hur går man tillväga för att lyfta fram den befintliga byggnaden på bästa sätt? Området är präglat av byggnader från många olika historiska epoker, men det som utmärkte sig mest på platsen är de malmgårdar som uppförts runt Fatbursparken under 1700-talet, och som i många fall står kvar än idag. Ofta står det en större stenbyggnad, omgärdad av mindre trähus, som tillsammans bildar ett gårdsrum, en trädgård. Så med inspiration från malmgårdarna har jag försökt skapa ett arkitektoniskt scenario, som med hjälp av historien, på bästa sätt lyfter fram platsen. / The addition to Mariagårdstäppan will amongst other things house educational facilities for Komvux, conference venues and a restaurant. Currently the site is home to a "blue classed" palace-like building from 1875 built in memory of Oscar I. The Citybana project in the vicinity has directed considerable capital, time and effort to protect the building from collapsing. Therefore the question arises, how can we proceed while at the same time preserve this heritage building? The surrounding area is coloured by contrasting building styles from many different historical eras, and what stands out most are the Malmgårdar (Farmyards) erected around Fatbursparken during the 1700's. To this day many still stand. Typical for these yards is a stone building situated in the center of smaller wooden houses which together form a garden. Drawing inspiration from the Malmgårdar, I have tried to create an architectonic scene with historical roots, in hopes of lifting forth the best of this landmark

Kunskapspalatsen är en vuxenutbildning nära Fatubursparken i Stockholm. Projektets utgångspunkt var att ta inspiration från fiktiva koncepter för att styra projektet. Jag valde att utgå ifrån konceptet “tiden”, tagen från en berättelse som handlar om hur viktigt tiden är. Många associerar tiden med klockor eller med solens rörelse - något som de båda har gemensamt är att båda rör sig i cirklar. Då beslöt jag mig att jobba med en cirkulär rörelse i byggnaden. Slutprojektet blev en oval formade byggnad, men med raka väggar som går parallellt till omgivningens byggnader. Den rundade formen styr flödet i byggnaden, men som samtidigt också passar till Fatbursparkens bågform. Det är enn form som matchar omgivningen och samtidigt ser unikt ut i jämförelse. Huvudentrén är placerad på den södra delen av tomten och ska fånga upp uppmärksamhet från folk som går förbi. Hierarkini byggnaden följer: offentliga ytor och de större basrummen finns på entréplanen; de andra övre planerna är dedikerad till studenter och lärare. / The Wisdom Palace is an adult education near the Fatubur Park in Stockholm. The project's starting point was to get inspiration from fictional concepts, that would control the project. I chose to work with the concept of "time", taken from a fictional story about how important time is. Many associate the time with clocks or with the movement of the sun - something that they both have in common is that both move in circles. I then decided that I wanted to work with a circular flow in the building. The finalized project was an oval shaped building, but with straight walls that run parallel to the surrounding buildings. The rounded shape controls the flow of the building, but it also fits with the Fatbur Park's arch shape. It's a form that matches the environment and at the same time , it looks unique in comparison. The main entrance is located on the southern part of the building and its purpose is to catch attention from bypassing people. The hierarchy in the building follows: public spaces and the larger base rooms are all on the entrance plan; The other upper plans are dedicated to students and teachers only.

This dissertation explores the subject of heredity and its novelistic treatment c. 1850-1900. Though hereditary phenomena had long been incorporated into literary works, heredity acquired an unprecedented significance with Darwin’s theory of evolution. It became a central fact of life, generating both fascination and fear, but its exact workings remained unknown until the turn of the century. This left novelists some experimental leeway in creating fictional universes and characters in accordance with the nascent naturalistic worldview and in struggling with its philosophical implications. While work on nineteenth-century literature and science has focused significantly on evolution, I demonstrate that heredity is a more immediate human concern and is more intuitive to the form of the novel. The works considered here by George Eliot, Oscar Wilde, and Thomas Hardy grapple with an increasingly deterministic view of biology but also with other forms of inheritance, for most of the conditions that constitute and determine our lives are inherited. Chapter one discusses how the metaphor of inheritance became a powerful tool for portraying the complexities of life in a post-theological age. This dissertation is grounded in the history of science, and, beyond the common language shared between science, philosophy, and literature, I examine the role of narrative in the study of heredity, particularly in medical case histories, which formed an early point of contact with the novel. Chapter two is on Eliot’s treatment of the inextricable workings of legal, cultural, and biological inheritance in The Mill on the Floss, showing how the mismatch between theory and reality regarding these matters demoralizes the novel’s protagonists and inhibits their development. Chapter three contextualizes The Picture of Dorian Gray in the history of art and science, reading Dorian’s portrait as a device suggestive of metaphysical inheritance and the disruption of personal development, and the ancestral portraits in Dorian’s gallery as indications of the biological heredity that drives his self-destruction. Chapter four looks at Hardy’s technique of genealogical narrative and overdetermination in Tess of the d’Urbervilles and the novel’s engagement with debates over the value of pedigree and the pessimistic view of determinism at the century’s end. / 2020-09-29T00:00:00Z