京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21086号 / 工博第4450号 / 新制||工||1692(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 藤井 聡, 准教授 SCHMOECKER Jan-Dirk, 教授 宇野 伸宏 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

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African American college students may face many challenges at predominantly White institutions (PWIs), including hostile campus climates, experiences of racism and discrimination, peer conflict, and academic challenges. Similar negative experiences/perceptions have been reported by LGBTQ+ identified college students, yet few students of color have been included in this area of research. Much of what is known about LGBTQ+ African American college students has been developed from the experiences of bisexual and gay, cisgender African American men. The purpose of this study was to increase knowledge about the experiences and challenges faced by non-heterosexual and non-cisgender African American students attending a PWI. Ten LGBTQ+ identified African American college students were interviewed about perceptions of their campus climate, social lives, and academic progress. Through a grounded theory analysis, agency was identified as the core theme underlying students' sense of thriving in their academic progress, peer relationships, and perceptions of campus climate. These findings may be useful in improving the on-campus experiences for LGBTQ+ identified African American college students, and all students, attending PWIs.

Sexual violence has been a highly prevalent problem on university campuses in the United States for decades. Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 banned sex-based discrimination in schools, which was, years later, understood to include sexual violence. As with any law, decades of the building of social meaning around the law's scope and meaning ensued. Sociologists generally argue that organizations do the bare minimum to meet social meanings of “compliance” with law, and prioritize social appearances over meeting the goal of the law. Here I test that assertion in looking at how universities have responded to a specific portion of Title IX law. Since 1975 schools must designate at least one employee to handle Title IX compliance. Here I investigate how universities have responded to this mandate via an online survey I conducted of 400 Title IX employees in 2019. I achieved an institutional response rate of 33%.I first present a description of the structure of Title IX employee designation, finding that universities have many Title IX employees, and not merely one as seems to have been an operating assumption by previous researchers of Title IX. I find that about 40% of universities have a sole-role Title IX employee, which is higher than previous estimates have found. And while I find that universities more sensitive to their legal environments have been more likely to establish sole-role Title IX employees or have numerous Title IX employees compared to their less sensitive counterparts, these effects largely disappear when bringing in time. Essentially, time is the main predictor for whether institutions establish sole-role Title IX employees. I test whether the establishment of a sole-role Title IX employee leads to a bump in formal reports of sex offenses, indicating a positive outcome. I do not find evidence that sole-role Title IX employees are a substantive structure that move universities closer toward meeting the goal of the law. I explain that sole-role Title IX employees may not be effective because one full-time employee is still not enough to prevent, respond to, investigate, and adjudicate sexual violence in a campus community. I conclude that there is much more work that needs to be done, and Title IX employees need more support and resources from their administrations if that work is to ever be fully successful. / Sociology

This study was an explanatory research design that utilized a correlational approach to explore the relationship of residential factors with academic variables explained by first and second year grade point average (GPA), behavioral variables explained by incidences of student conduct violations, and engagement explained by involvement in activities and perceptions of campus environment. This research study used qualitative and quantitative data to; explore the effect that student housing has on academic achievement as explained by grade point average and retention from first to second year, examine the effect that housing has on student behavior as explained by the frequency of violations of the student code of conduct, and provide a deeper understanding of student engagement and explore its relationship with student housing. The quantitative component consisted of three data sets that included 37,048 records of first- and second-year students enrolled at the institution between the 2014-2019, behavioral data composed of 4,635 records of conduct violations that occurred in residence halls between 2014-2020, and a data set of survey responses from 239 respondents that were composed of questions related to student demographic, financial, and residential factors, as well as questions that were related to student participation and engagement with social and academic aspects of campus life. The qualitative component consisted of data from student interviews related to their academic and social experience on campus which supplemented the findings of the quantitative analysis. The findings of this research indicated that there is a strong correlation that academic achievement, behavior, and engagement has with the residential environment. Findings demonstrated that different types of housing and room types had a significant effect on grade point average and retention from first to second year. The findings also demonstrated that the effects of room types, as it relates to room configuration, was significant with negative student behavior and levels of engagement. A higher number of roommates in student housing was found to increase occurrences of student conduct violations and to decrease measures of student engagement. These findings provide insight into aspects of student housing that play an important role in a students’ success and experiences. This study attempted to address gaps in literature that examine how the physical space of a residential hall impacts the student experience. The primary objectives of this study were to explore the effect that student housing has on academic achievement and retention from first to second year, to examine the effect that housing has on student behavior, to provide a deeper understanding of student engagement and its relationship with student housing. The implications from this study contribute to the practical and theoretical frameworks on student integration and development by revealing the residential factors that produced the greatest influence on student academic achievement, retention from first to second year, conduct behavior, and engagement. In practice, this research can be used to inform the following; institutional housing and occupancy systems, design and development of residence hall structures, decisions related to campus planning, and the use of public-private partnerships for student housing. / Educational Leadership

Research suggests that perceived degree satisfaction and perceived job preparedness are related to positive experiences from undergraduate degree programs. Research also suggests that perceived levels of degree satisfaction and job preparedness may vary based on whether the student was a traditional or nontraditional student. Therefore the purpose of this study was to analyze the level of degree satisfaction and the level of job preparedness of distance learning students enrolled in the Bachelor of Science in Interdisciplinary Studies program at Mississippi State University in relation to that of on-campus students enrolled in the Bachelor of Science in Interdisciplinary Studies program at Mississippi State University. Participants for this study included graduates between the years of 2001 and 2009 from on-campus and from the distance learning campuses of the Bachelor of Science in Interdisciplinary Studies degree program at Mississippi State University. The instrument for collection was the Degree Satisfaction and Job Preparedness Survey which was adapted from the Survey of Occupational Education Program. Data were collected in the areas of degree satisfaction, job preparedness, and demographics. Based on the researcher’s interpretive scale, the study found that the overall level of degree satisfaction among graduates of the Bachelor of Science in Interdisciplinary Studies Program at Mississippi State University was relatively high. The study also showed that degree satisfaction was higher among distance learning graduates of the Interdisciplinary Studies Program than it was among on-campus graduates of the Interdisciplinary Studies Program. The study also found that based on the researcher’s interpretive scale that the overall level of job preparedness among graduates of the Bachelor of Science in Interdisciplinary Studies Program at Mississippi State University was relatively high. In addition the study also showed that job preparedness was higher among distance learning graduates of the Interdisciplinary Studies Program than it was among on-campus graduates of the Interdisciplinary Studies Program.

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