A large percentage of Americans own pets which may impact their health. This study examines pet ownership’s effect on well being in older adults looking at race/ethnicity. A sample of 6,565 older adults (>60) was selected from the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey. Pet owners comprised 28.3% of the sample. The theories of symbolic interaction and social integration were used to examine pet ownership’s effect on physical components of well-being. The descriptive results showed statistically significant differences in age, education, income, and marital status between pet owners and non-pet owners. Pet owners were younger, more educate, higher income and married. Similar results were found for Caucasians, African Americans and Mexican Americans. Logistic regression for the entire sample revealed pet owners were more likely to have a positive self perception of health, normal blood pressure, improved function, less chronic conditions, improved function and more falls. Multiple regression revealed pet owners had more hospital stays, but fewer physician visits and nursing home stays than non-pet owners. When examined by race/ethnicity differences were found between pet owners and non-pet owners that differed from the general sample results. This research revealed that pets overall positively impact their owners’ health but it appears to differ based on race/ethnicity. Further research is needed on pet ownership’s effect on older adults specifically in regards to race.

During World War I, dogs held a contradictory place in American society. These animals functioned simultaneously as patriots, pets, and pests. This essay surveys the ways in which dogs either contributed to the war effort or seemed to subvert it through their uselessness as companion animals and their predation as feral ones. Ultimately, even worsening conditions on the homefront could not cause the American public as a whole to consider surrendering its affection for these animals, including the worthless ones. In the face of impending legislation that threatened to eliminate man’s best friend as a war measure, the American people successfully defended the dog, while citizens in several of the other warring nations could not afford to do so. American admiration for the patriot, combined with affection for the pet, outweighed anxiety over the pest.

O objetivo desta dissertação foi desenvolver um estudo sobre o léxico relativo aos animais de estimação (especificamente cães e gatos) a partir de setenta unidades lexicais (ULs) contemporâneas utilizadas em Língua Italiana. As ULs foram retiradas de material impresso especializado em animais de estimação, cães e gatos, e selecionadas por temas referentes a: 1. modos afetivos e/ou específicos de nos referirmos a um animal de estimação; 2. partes do corpo; 3. procedimentos veterinários e comportamento animal; 4. profissionais e especialistas; 5. abrigos e instituições; 6. objetos e adereços relacionados aos cuidados e ao bem-estar dos animais. Com esse elenco, verificamos como os dicionários monolíngues de Língua Italiana lematizam e trabalham essas ULs que, muitas vezes, permeiam dentre as linguagens de especialidades. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, contamos com fundamentação teórica baseada em Lexicografia, Lexicologia, Terminografia, Terminologia e Metalexicografia, apontando considerações de estudiosos da área como Lara (1996, 2004, 2006), Barbosa (1990, 1995, 1996, 1997), Aubert (1996), Guerra (2003) e Welker (2004), entre outros. Apesar de, em um primeiro momento, a pesquisa se voltar para os correspondentes entre Língua Portuguesa e Língua Italiana, referindo-se ao tema, não foi nosso propósito trabalhar com o conceito de equivalentes de tradução, mas, sim, constatar como essas unidades lexicais são tratadas em obras lexicográficas. Contamos com os dicionários monolíngues em formato eletrônico Lo Zingarelli (2012), Garzanti (2011), ambos em CD-ROM, e De Mauro (versão on-line) para a análise. As especificidades de cada uma das setenta unidades lexicais são analisadas quanto a definições, marcas de uso, exemplos de uso, polissemia, homonímia e notas remissivas. Os resultados obtidos nos mostraram que a maioria das unidades lexicais selecionadas já são lematizadas pelas obras. Das 70 ULs escolhidas para a pesquisa, 60 são lematizadas pelo dicionário De Mauro, 59 pelo Garzanti e 58 pelo Lo Zingarelli. Nesta última obra, somente 5 ULs foram caracterizadas como termos com indicação de marcas de uso de área de especialidade, enquanto Garzanti apresenta 3 ULs e De Mauro, 8. Vale ressaltar que as ULs lematizadas em cada um dos três dicionários nem sempre são as mesmas, por exemplo, somente Garzanti inclui tiragraffi (arranhador), apenas Lo Zingarelli inclui pet therapy (pet-terapia) e De Mauro é o único a lematizar in calore (no cio). Averiguamos, também, que há divergência entre os dicionários na inclusão ou não dessas unidades lexicais como entrada, uma vez que as ULs relacionadas aos animais de estimação às vezes aparecem no corpo do verbete como exemplo de uso. Ao analisar as Introduções das obras, percebemos que faltam informações quanto à ordem das acepções e ao uso de sistema de remissivas. A análise realizada nesta pesquisa é uma contribuição para lexicógrafos, tradutores, professores e estudiosos de Língua Italiana. / The goal of this dissertation was studying the lexicon related to pets (especially dogs and cats) by examining seventy lexical units (LUs) used in contemporary Italian language. The LUs were selected from printed material focused on pets, dogs and cats, and arranged according to subjects as: 1. affective and / or specific modes of referring to a pet; 2. body parts; 3. veterinary procedures and animal behavior; 4. professionals and experts; 5. shelters and institutions; 6. objects and accessories related to animal care and welfare. These groups gave us the possibility to analyze how monolingual Italian dictionaries lemmatize and deal with such LUs, which are often used in specific purpose languages. Our theoretical framework is based on lexicography, lexicology, Terminography, Terminology and Metalexicography, guided by writers such as Lara (1996, 2004, 2006), Barbosa (1990, 1995, 1996, 1997), Aubert (1996), Guerra (2003) and Welker (2004), among others. Although this research indicated some correspondents in Portuguese and Italian, working with the concept of translation equivalents was not our intention, but rather verifying how these lexical units are shown in lexicographical works. For the analysis, we chose the monolingual dictionaries in electronic format Lo Zingarelli (2011), Garzanti (2010), both on CD-ROM, and De Mauro (on-line version). The specificities of each of the seventy lexical units were explored according to their definitions, tags, example sentences, polysemy, homonymy and cross-references. Results have shown that the mentioned works already lemmatize most of the selected lexical units. Among the 70 LUs chosen for the study, 60 are lemmatized by De Mauro dictionary, 59 by Garzanti and 58 by Lo Zingarelli. In this last one, only 5 LUs were characterized as terms indicating tags related to specific languages, while Garzanti features 3 LUs and De Mauro, 8. It is noteworthy that the LUs lemmatized in each of the three dictionaries are not always the same, for example, only Garzanti includes tiragraffi (scratcher), only Lo Zingarelli includes pet therapy and De Mauro is the only one that lemmatizes in calore (rutting). We also noticed that there is disagreement between the dictionaries about including these lexical units as entries or not, since the LUs related to pets are sometimes seen in the definitions as example sentences. By analyzing the Introductions of these dictionaries, we realized that there is missing information about meanings and the cross-references system. The analysis in this research is a contribution to lexicographers, translators, teachers and Italian language scholars.

O objetivo desta dissertação foi desenvolver um estudo sobre o léxico relativo aos animais de estimação (especificamente cães e gatos) a partir de setenta unidades lexicais (ULs) contemporâneas utilizadas em Língua Italiana. As ULs foram retiradas de material impresso especializado em animais de estimação, cães e gatos, e selecionadas por temas referentes a: 1. modos afetivos e/ou específicos de nos referirmos a um animal de estimação; 2. partes do corpo; 3. procedimentos veterinários e comportamento animal; 4. profissionais e especialistas; 5. abrigos e instituições; 6. objetos e adereços relacionados aos cuidados e ao bem-estar dos animais. Com esse elenco, verificamos como os dicionários monolíngues de Língua Italiana lematizam e trabalham essas ULs que, muitas vezes, permeiam dentre as linguagens de especialidades. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, contamos com fundamentação teórica baseada em Lexicografia, Lexicologia, Terminografia, Terminologia e Metalexicografia, apontando considerações de estudiosos da área como Lara (1996, 2004, 2006), Barbosa (1990, 1995, 1996, 1997), Aubert (1996), Guerra (2003) e Welker (2004), entre outros. Apesar de, em um primeiro momento, a pesquisa se voltar para os correspondentes entre Língua Portuguesa e Língua Italiana, referindo-se ao tema, não foi nosso propósito trabalhar com o conceito de equivalentes de tradução, mas, sim, constatar como essas unidades lexicais são tratadas em obras lexicográficas. Contamos com os dicionários monolíngues em formato eletrônico Lo Zingarelli (2012), Garzanti (2011), ambos em CD-ROM, e De Mauro (versão on-line) para a análise. As especificidades de cada uma das setenta unidades lexicais são analisadas quanto a definições, marcas de uso, exemplos de uso, polissemia, homonímia e notas remissivas. Os resultados obtidos nos mostraram que a maioria das unidades lexicais selecionadas já são lematizadas pelas obras. Das 70 ULs escolhidas para a pesquisa, 60 são lematizadas pelo dicionário De Mauro, 59 pelo Garzanti e 58 pelo Lo Zingarelli. Nesta última obra, somente 5 ULs foram caracterizadas como termos com indicação de marcas de uso de área de especialidade, enquanto Garzanti apresenta 3 ULs e De Mauro, 8. Vale ressaltar que as ULs lematizadas em cada um dos três dicionários nem sempre são as mesmas, por exemplo, somente Garzanti inclui tiragraffi (arranhador), apenas Lo Zingarelli inclui pet therapy (pet-terapia) e De Mauro é o único a lematizar in calore (no cio). Averiguamos, também, que há divergência entre os dicionários na inclusão ou não dessas unidades lexicais como entrada, uma vez que as ULs relacionadas aos animais de estimação às vezes aparecem no corpo do verbete como exemplo de uso. Ao analisar as Introduções das obras, percebemos que faltam informações quanto à ordem das acepções e ao uso de sistema de remissivas. A análise realizada nesta pesquisa é uma contribuição para lexicógrafos, tradutores, professores e estudiosos de Língua Italiana. / The goal of this dissertation was studying the lexicon related to pets (especially dogs and cats) by examining seventy lexical units (LUs) used in contemporary Italian language. The LUs were selected from printed material focused on pets, dogs and cats, and arranged according to subjects as: 1. affective and / or specific modes of referring to a pet; 2. body parts; 3. veterinary procedures and animal behavior; 4. professionals and experts; 5. shelters and institutions; 6. objects and accessories related to animal care and welfare. These groups gave us the possibility to analyze how monolingual Italian dictionaries lemmatize and deal with such LUs, which are often used in specific purpose languages. Our theoretical framework is based on lexicography, lexicology, Terminography, Terminology and Metalexicography, guided by writers such as Lara (1996, 2004, 2006), Barbosa (1990, 1995, 1996, 1997), Aubert (1996), Guerra (2003) and Welker (2004), among others. Although this research indicated some correspondents in Portuguese and Italian, working with the concept of translation equivalents was not our intention, but rather verifying how these lexical units are shown in lexicographical works. For the analysis, we chose the monolingual dictionaries in electronic format Lo Zingarelli (2011), Garzanti (2010), both on CD-ROM, and De Mauro (on-line version). The specificities of each of the seventy lexical units were explored according to their definitions, tags, example sentences, polysemy, homonymy and cross-references. Results have shown that the mentioned works already lemmatize most of the selected lexical units. Among the 70 LUs chosen for the study, 60 are lemmatized by De Mauro dictionary, 59 by Garzanti and 58 by Lo Zingarelli. In this last one, only 5 LUs were characterized as terms indicating tags related to specific languages, while Garzanti features 3 LUs and De Mauro, 8. It is noteworthy that the LUs lemmatized in each of the three dictionaries are not always the same, for example, only Garzanti includes tiragraffi (scratcher), only Lo Zingarelli includes pet therapy and De Mauro is the only one that lemmatizes in calore (rutting). We also noticed that there is disagreement between the dictionaries about including these lexical units as entries or not, since the LUs related to pets are sometimes seen in the definitions as example sentences. By analyzing the Introductions of these dictionaries, we realized that there is missing information about meanings and the cross-references system. The analysis in this research is a contribution to lexicographers, translators, teachers and Italian language scholars.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and unspayed female dogs. The Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a process involved in embryogenesis, carcinogenesis, and metastasis. The Transforming Growth Factor- Beta (TGF-β) pathway and its associated transcription factors are crucial for EMT induction, during which epithelial cells lose their defining characteristics and acquire mesenchymal properties. EMT has been implicated as a driver of metastasis as it allows cells to migrate and invade different organs. Recent evidence indicates that cancer stem cells are required to establish metastatic tumours at distant sites, and that EMT may promote development of cancer cells with stem-cell characteristics, thus, the EMT pathway may be an important molecular determinant of tumour metastasis. The main objective of this project was to characterise TGF-β-induced EMT in breast cancer models. EMT was induced by TGF-β in human, canine and feline breast cancer cell lines, and confirmed by morphological changes and molecular changes at the protein level by Western blot analysis. Changes at the mRNA level were confirmed in human and canine mammary carcinoma cell lines by qRT-PCR; migratory properties were assessed by invasion assays in vitro in feline and canine mammary carcinoma cells. Importantly, we observed that feline and canine mammary carcinoma cells stimulated by TGF-β acquired stem cell characteristics including sphere-forming ability, self-renewal, and resistance to apoptosis, and also enhanced migration potential. Canine cells showed resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs after TGF-β stimulation. These data suggests a link between EMT and cancer stem-cells. Moreover, global changes in microRNA expression were mapped during TGF-β-induced EMT of canine mammary carcinoma cells. This gave significant insight into the regulation of EMT in canine cancer cells and identified several potential targets, which require further investigation. During EMT cells acquire migratory properties and cancer stem-cell characteristics, suggesting that EMT and the stem-cell phenotype are closely related during cell migration and metastasis, therefore making the TGF-β pathway a potential target for the development of novel therapies against cancer and its progression.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Deria de Oliveira.pdf: 4690787 bytes, checksum: 8f696230d02df0b79aecaf054817516f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The domestic animal is considered a family member and it fills individual needs, improving the pet‟s owners‟ self-esteem by offering affection and companionship, among other perceived benefits. On the other hand, when a pet dies, an emptiness overcomes the owner, with grief by the loss of a significant creature in his life history. The aim of this study was to investigate, by means of a quantitative research, the recognition of the loss by pet‟s death. For this purpose, a survey was done by means a questionnaire published and answered on a page available on the internet by bereaved pet owners whose pet had died less than five years before. The study had 360 participants. A qualitative research was also done with a recorded interview, looking to describe the grief of six bereaved owners who lost their pets by pet´s death less than one year from the date of the interview to comprehend the bond formed with the animals. The grief is similar to the one which takes place when a dear person dies. This outcome suggests that there are three categories of dyads between people and pets: 1) relational dyad, 2) bond dyad and 3) attachment dyad that influencing in the differences of the intensity in their distress and lasting grief. Other studies to assess primary attachment styles and adulthood are necessary to confirm and to deepen these results, considering the repercussion in the bond with pets / O animal doméstico é hoje considerado um membro da família e preenche necessidades individuais, melhorando a autoestima dos proprietários, por fornecer afeto e companhia, entre outros benefícios percebidos. Por outro lado, quando um animal de estimação morre, abre-se uma lacuna na vida de seu proprietário, com luto pela perda de um ser significativo da sua história de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar por meio de uma pesquisa quantitativa, o reconhecimento da perda pela morte do animal de estimação. Para esta finalidade, foi realizada uma pesquisa utilizando-se um questionário divulgado e preenchido em uma página disponibilizada na Internet, por enlutados há menos de cinco anos. O estudo contou com 360 participantes. Foi efetuada também uma pesquisa qualitativa, com realização de entrevista gravada, buscando descrever o luto de seis pessoas pela morte de seus animais há menos de um ano da data da entrevista e compreender o vínculo formado com os animais. Verificou-se que o luto é semelhante ao que ocorre quando morre uma pessoa querida. Os resultados sugerem que podem ser formadas três categorias de díades entre pessoas e animais de estimação: 1) díade relacional; 2) díade vinculada e 3) díade de apego, que influenciarão na intensidade do sofrimento e no luto mais prolongado. Outros estudos, para avaliar os estilos de apego primários e na vida adulta são necessários, para confirmar e aprofundar estes resultados, considerando a repercussão no vínculo com os animais de estimação

Resumo: A intensa convivência entre o ser humano e os animais de estimação não tem sido acompanhada pela adoção de posturas de posse responsável. Dentre os animais de estimação, cães e gatos são geralmente os de eleição, estando presentes em grande contingente dos lares. Ações educativas que alertem e conscientizem sobre zoonoses e sobre a responsabilidade de possuir animais são fundamentais na mitigação dos problemas de saúde pública; porém, antes da realização de qualquer programa, é imprescindível o conhecimento da realidade local. O presente estudo foi idealizado com o propósito de avaliar a população de cães e gatos, e o nível de conhecimento e comportamento sobre a raiva e posse responsável de animais de estimação, em bairros de níveis socioeconômicos contrastantes da cidade de Jaboticabal, Estado de São Paulo. De setembro a novembro de 2007 foram entrevistados 185 moradores dos bairros Jardim Patriarca, Jardim Paulista e Jardim Santa Rosa, e 197 moradores do bairro Nova Jaboticabal, totalizando 382 entrevistas. Para análise dos dados foram empregados o teste Qui-quadrado e a Análise de Correspondência Múltipla. Apesar do contraste socioeconômico, o nível de conhecimento dos entrevistados sobre posse responsável e raiva animal foi semelhante em todos os bairros estudados; entretanto, o melhor poder aquisitivo favoreceu maiores gastos com serviços veterinários, como atendimento médico e vacinações, e maior número de animais por residência. As informações obtidas respaldam a necessidade de realizar trabalhos educativos constantes sobre posse responsável e prevenção de agravos em toda a cidade, além do estabelecimento de um canal de comunicação entre veterinários e o governo municipal. / Abstract: The intense interactions between people and pets have not been accompanied by responsible ownership practices over the years. Dogs and cats are the pets of choice, and they are found in great amount of homes. It is crucial to put into practice educative actions on zoonoses and on responsibility of owning animals to mitigate public health-related problems. However, before their effectuation, it is necessary to assess the local reality. The present study aimed to assess owned-dogs and cats populations and to evaluate the level of knowledge of responsible pet ownership and rabies among residents of socially and economically contradictory neighborhoods of the city of Jaboticabal, State of São Paulo. From September to November, 2007, 185 residents of Jardim Patriarca, Jardim Paulista and Jardim Santa Rosa neighborhoods and 197 residents of Nova Jaboticabal were interviewed, giving a total of 382 interviews. Chi-square test and Multiple Correspondence Analysis were used for data analysis. Despite socioeconomic contradiction, the level of knowledge was similar. However, better levels of income favored greater expenses with veterinary care services, including vaccinations, and a greater amount of pets per household. Results recommend the need for constant educational actions on responsible pet ownership and injury prevention for all social classes of Jaboticabal, besides the establishment of a communication channel between private veterinarians and local government. / Orientadora: Adolorata Aparecida Bianco Carvalho / Coorientador: Antonio Sérgio Ferraudo / Banca: Luiz Augusto do Amaral / Banca: Maria de Lourdes Aguiar Bonadia Reichmann / Mestre

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1982. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-126). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

This thesis is comprised of three studies examining the effects of pet ownership on street-involved youth in Ontario. As a relatively new area of study, issues surrounding pet ownership among homeless youth were first explored qualitatively. The first two studies utilized a series of one-on-one interviews with both pet-owning youth and youth service professionals to determine the major roles, relationships, challenges and effects that pets have in the lives of street-involved youth. The four themes that emerged from both of these interview groups included “pet before self” where youth placed the needs of their pet ahead of their own, physical effects of pet ownership, emotional effects of pet ownership, and the benefits and liabilities of pet ownership. Findings related to these themes, such as the strength of the human-animal bond and pets as drivers of change are discussed. Information derived from the qualitative interviews with pet-owning youth and youth workers contributed to the development of a questionnaire administered to a convenience sample of 89 pet-owning street-involved youth and 100 street-involved youth who were not pet owners in four urban centres in Ontario. This study sought to validate findings from previous qualitative research, provide descriptive information on the pet-owning youth population, their pets, and their human-animal relationship, as well as assess pet attachment based on the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale. Additionally, pet owners and non-pet owners were compared in terms of depression based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, shelter use and drug use. The findings include a universally high level of pet attachment among this unique pet owning population, providing opportunity for youth to experience not only beneficial emotional and social support, but also the negative emotional consequences of pet loss. Pet ownership was also demonstrated to be significantly and negatively correlated with regular shelter use. Through logistic modelling and controlling for participant gender and regular drug use (of drugs other than cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana), pet ownership was found to be negatively associated with depression. Using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, this thesis provides evidence of the beneficial as well as the potential negative impacts of pet ownership for street-involved youth. It also provides the first quantitative description of this population and their human-animal relationship, while demonstrating support for further research into the effects of pet ownership on street-involved youth, and consideration for expanded education and service provision to support youth and their pets among youth services. / Anonymous, Ontario Veterinary College Deans Office

Magistratūros studijų baigiamajame darbe pateikiama 2012 metais Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto Agronomijos fakulteto Biologijos ir augalų biotechnologijos instituto Augalų apsaugos metodų laboratorijoje tirti veiksniai, kaip skirtingi spragšių (Elateridae) lervų kiekiai įtakoja žemės ūkio augalų vystymąsi. Darbo objektas - Agriotes sp., Selatosomus sp. ir Cidnopus sp. lervos. Darbo metodai: buvo vykdomi 3 bandymai norint išsiaiškinti spragšių lervų daromą žalą įvairiems žemės ūkio augalams. Pirmojo bandymo metu buvo stebima kaip Agriotes sp., Selatosomus sp. ir Cidnopus sp. skirtingi 2, 4 ir 6 lervų kiekiai įtakos kukurūzų, kviečių ir miežių vystymosi procesus. Antrojo bandymo metu buvo stebima kaip 3, 5 ir 7 Agriotes sp. lervos paveiks morkas, runkelius ir rapsus. Trečiojo bandymo metu stebėta kaip skirtingi 3, 5, ir 7 lervų kiekiai paveiks morkų, runkelių ir rapsų vystymąsi. Visuose bandymuose kontroliniame variante lervų naudota nebuvo. Eksperimentai buvo vykdomi trimis pakartojimais, pažeidimai augaluose stebėti 5 kartus, kas 5 dienas. Duomenys statistiškai įvertinti naudojant programą ANOVA iš paketo SELEKCIJA. Darbo rezultatai: 2012 m. Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto Agronomijos fakulteto Augalų apsaugos laboratorijoje atlikus stebėjimus, kaip spragšių lervos įtakoja augalų vystymąsi gauti rezultatai parodė, kad didžiausias esminis kukurūzų pažeidimų skaičius lyginat su kontrolinių variantu buvo Selatosomus sp. 6 lervų variante. Pažeistų augalų buvo rasta... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Master's thesis submitted in 2012, Alexander Stulginskio University, Faculty of Agronomy in the laboratory to investigate factors such as different gaps (Elateridae) larvae affect the amounts of crop development. The object of the work - Agriotes sp. Selatosomus sp. and Cidnopus sp. larvae. Methods of the work - was carried out three tests for identifying gaps larval damage to various crops. The first test was observed as Agriotes sp. Selatosomus sp. and Cidnopus sp. Different 2, 4 and 6 of the larvae of the influence of corn, wheat and barley development processes. Second test was observed as 3, 5 and 7 Agriotes sp. larvae affect carrots, beet and oilseed rape. The third test was seen as different 3, 5, and 7 larvae affect the amounts of carrot, beet and oilseed rape development. All of the tests in the control larvae were used. Experiments were carried out in three replications, damage plants monitored 5 times every 5 days. Statistically evaluated using ANOVA program from the package SELEKCIJA. The results: 2012. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Faculty of Agronomy Plant protection laboratory observations carried out as a gap in the larval development of the plant influences the results obtained showed that the highest corn substantial number of violations compared to the control variant was Selatosomus sp. 6 larvae version. Infected plants were found as much as 46 percent. Abundantly as much as 50 percent. damaged wheat was 6 Selatosomus sp. larvae version. Most barley... [to full text]