This master thesis engages in representative social, psychological, economic and environmental aspects of breeding pets in unprofessional homely way in the town of České Budějovice specifically, and in general as well. The sample survey that has been done in the town streets shows that at leasth each household breeds a pet. There was no excessive influence on the number of bred pets had been proved in the field of socio-demographic aspects. People consider their pets to be full family members and are willing to subordinate their lives to them.

Esse estudo abordou protozoários do gênero Eimeria com dois objetivos gerais: desenvolver ensaios moleculares para a discriminação das onze espécies de Eimeria de coelho e estudar as relações evolutivas Eimeria de hospedeiros mamíferos e aves. Para o primeiro objetivo, seqüenciou-se o ITS1 do rRNA das 11 espécies de Eimeria de coelho e desenhou-se iniciadores espécie-específicos. Não foi observada reatividade cruzada, e o limite de detecção variou entre 500 fg a 1 pg. Para a filogenia, sequenciou-se 4 marcadores moleculares de espécies de Eimeria de galinha e coelho. Foram feitas análises conjuntas com dados públicos de Eimeria de outros hospedeiros, usando-se vários métodos de reconstrução filogenética. Os resultados indicam que as espécies de Eimeria são em geral monofiléticas em relação aos seus hospedeiros, e que múltiplos eventos de invasão de hospedeiros mamíferos e aves teriam ocorrido ao longo da evolução. Assim, ancestrais de roedores, galinhas e Lagomorpha teriam sido invadidos em torno de 14, 11 e 7 milhões de anos atrás, respectivamente. / In this work, we used protozoans of the genus Eimeria for the following approaches: development of discrimination assays for the eleven Eimeria species of rabbits, and phylogenetic analysis of mammal and bird Eimeria. For the former study, we sequenced the ITS1 rRNA of the 11 Eimeria species of domestic rabbit and designed species-specific primers. No cross-reactivity has been observed, and the detection limit varied from 500 fg to 1 pg. For the phylogenetic analysis, we used four molecular markers of Eimeria species from domestic fowl and rabbit. An overall analysis comprising our data and public sequences of Eimeria from other hosts has been performed, and we used several distinct methods for phylogenetic reconstruction. Our results show that most of Eimeria species are monophyletic in regard to their hosts, and that multiple invasion events on mammal and bird hosts may have occurred along the evolutionary process. Thus, Eimeria parasites invaded ancestors of rodents, domestic fowl and Lagomorpha about 14, 11 and 7 million years ago, respectively.

En los últimos años, observamos una tendencia cultural en crecimiento de los “Pet friendly”; como las mascotas han pasado a ser parte integrante de las familias peruanas y con ello, también ha evolucionado sus hábitos de consumo, la demanda por productos y servicios de calidad, abriendo una amplia oportunidad para generar negocio en este rubro. Por otro lado, considerando que el 60% de los hogares peruanos cuenta con una mascota (CPI, 2018) y según Silvia Díaz (2016) – Directora de Invera, indica que el gasto promedio mensual en mascotas oscila entre S/ 144.00 a S/ 220.00 soles, donde el 53% es destinado para alimento y la diferencia (47%) a la adquisición de servicios (baños y tratamientos). Sumamos a ello, que esta pandemia ha acelerado la conducta digital del peruano, según Sentinel (2020) el 94% de la población encuestada (muestra de 1000 encuestados), ha realizado alguna compra, pagos o ha usado streaming en plataformas digitales. Por ende, las empresas de este rubro, deben responder a las necesidades del mercado actual a las nuevas tendencias, comportamiento y preferencias de los Pet friendly, en donde la calidad de servicio, encontrar información fiable, la facilidad de navegación por estas plataformas no solo sea fácil; sino empática a sus necesidades. Asimismo, esto nos lleva a una realidad donde el empresario peruano no necesariamente tiene sus negocios digitalizados o cuenta con plataforma para exposición de sus servicios, perdiendo grandes oportunidades de alcance para el sostenimiento y crecimiento de su negocio. / On the last years we saw a cultural trending on the growing of the pet friendly movement and how the pets on our families have been a big part of our peruvian families, and with that their consume habits has evolved too, also their product demand y quality services opening a big opportunity to generate business in this area. On the other side considering that 60% of peruvian homes has a pet (CPI 2018) and according to Silvia Diaz (2016)-director of Invera, it says that the average of costs per month of the pets is around between 144.00 to 220.00 soles where the 53% goes to food and the rest to basic needing (treatments and baths) Adding this, the pandemic has accelerated the digital conduct of the peruvian according to Sentinel (2020) the 94% of the people we ask (an average of 1000 people) they made a purchase making the payment via streaming on digital platforms. In conclusion, the enterprises of that area must response to the needing of the actual market to the new trending, conduct and preferences of the pet friendly, in where the quality of service, finding information that is trustable, the facility of navigation on this platform is not just easy, instead of that also friendly with their needing. In addition, this led us to a reality in where finding the peruvian businessman is not necessarily connected or with the knowledge of put their services on expose, losing big amounts of opportunities that could be for big sustainment and growing to their business. / Trabajo de investigación

La tendencia en el cuidado de los animales cada vez tiene más relevancia. Esto ha conllevado un importante crecimiento en la industria de alimentos y accesorios para mascotas. A pesar del impacto económico de la pandemia en nuestro país, las familias aún reservan un monto mensual para sus mascotas como un gasto de prioridad. El presupuesto destinado a estas compras asciende a 300 soles mensuales, según Felipe Paz, country manager de Marketplace Priority Pet. El objetivo del presente trabajo es diseñar una plataforma para nuestro modelo de negocio y determinar cómo nuestros planes de suscripción apoyados en una tienda virtual, en el rubro de mascotas, puede generar una rentabilidad atractiva y una estabilidad en el mercado a largo plazo.  La investigación que hemos desarrollado se basa en información cuantitativa y cualitativa que hemos recabado mediante encuestas y entrevistas al público objetivo con el fin de entender e interpretar el comportamiento de los clientes potenciales y sus expectativas. Como resultado, podemos definir que esta industria está en plena expansión y que nuestro modelo de negocio se adecua a las nuevas necesidades del 90.5% de personas que tienen al menos una mascota en nuestro mercado meta. Esto se puede comprobar a lo largo de la investigación y lanzamiento del producto, donde se mostró una gran cantidad de interés y ventas efectivas de Pet Society haciéndolo un emprendimiento con un gran potencial de crecimiento y escalabilidad. / The trend in the care of animals is becoming more and more relevant. This has led to significant growth in the pet food and accessories industry. Despite the economic impact of the pandemic in our country, families still reserve a monthly amount for their pets as a priority expense. The budget for these purchase reaches to 300 soles per month, according to Felipe Paz, country manager of Marketplace Priority Pet. The objective of this work is to design a platform for our business model and determine how our subscription plans supported by a virtual store, in the pet sector, can generate attractive profitability and long-term market stability. The research we have developed is based on quantitative and qualitative information that we have collected through surveys and interviews with the target audience in order to understand and interpret the behavior of potential customers and their expectations. As a result, we can define that this industry is in full expansion and that our business model adapts to the new needs of the 90.5% of people who have at least one pet in our target market. This can be seen throughout the research and launch of the product, where a large amount of interest and effective sales were shown by Pet Society making it a startup with great potential for growth and scalability. / Trabajo de investigación

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis, design, implementation and testing of an information system for a small farmer. The aim of this system is to administer customers, an income and outcome, orders, to manage notes, and possibility to track the occurrence pests of crops. The thesis describes options for the development of information systems, detailed specifications requirements and the design of system. Further is described the implementation, especially then the way to get information about pests and then testing the application. The information system is realized in the language C# as a desktop application using the framework .NET and the design pattern MVVM.

En la actualidad existe en Perú la Ley de Protección y Bienestar Animal N° 30407 que sanciona la crueldad, el abandono y la muerte de animales domésticos. Dando origen a un gran mercado lleno de oportunidades dirigido a las mascotas. En lima, cada vez hay más hogares con una mascota, sean estos perros, gatos, o cualquier otro animal doméstico. Estas mascotas se convierten en miembros de la familia, al cual se le brinda mucha atención, como salud, comida balanceada, prendas y hasta una digna sepultura. En este último punto, en la perdida de esta mascota, su ausencia, los sentimientos, la tristeza y los recuerdos que quisiéramos mantener latentes, acompañándonos aún. Ahí es que nace la idea de que las mascotas logren trascender en el tiempo, manteniendo los recuerdos y sentimientos hacia nuestras mascotas fallecidas, en urnas biodegradables personalizadas a la mascota, dando origen a “Urbi Huellitas Pets” una idea de negocio que permite a las familias mantener vivo el recuerdo de su mascota. Con un servicio personalizado dirigido a la necesidad de cada cliente. / There is currently in Peru the Animal Protection and Welfare Act No. 30407 which sanctions the cruelty, abandonment and death of domestic animals. Giving rise to a large market full of opportunities aimed at pets. In lime, there are more and more homes with a pet, be they these dogs, cats, or any other pet. These pets become family members, which are given a lot of attention, such as health, balanced food, clothing and even a dignified burial. At this last point, in the loss of this pet, its absence, the feelings, the sadness and the memories that we would like to keep dormant, accompanying us even. There is the idea that pets manage to transcend in time, maintaining memories and feelings towards our deceased pets, in biodegradable urns customized to the pet, giving rise to “Urbi Huellitas Pets” a business idea that allows families to keep the memory of their pet alive. With a personalized service aimed at the need of each client. / Trabajo de investigación

Djur kan påverka människor på många olika sätt. Djur kan påverka människors fysiska hälsa genom att sänka kolesterolhalten och blodtryck, de minskar även stress och ångest. Att använda sig av djur i undervisningen påverkar även barn. Genom att inkludera djur i undervisningen kan elever öka sina empatiska förmågor, sociala färdigheter och öka motivationen för skolarbete. I den befintliga forskningen saknas det dock en djupare förståelse om hur reptiler och insekter kan påverka eleverna. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur elever i årskurs fem själva upplever att reptiler och insekter påverkar dem genom att placera dessa djurgrupper i två klasser. För att undersöka detta används följande forskningsfrågor. Hur kan reptiler och insekter påverka eleverna? Vad kan barnen lära sig om djuren? Uppfattar eleverna någon skillnad på klassrumsklimatet före och efter placeringen av djur i klassrummet? Studien utgick ifrån fyra olika teorier, sociokulturell teori, anknytningsteori, human-animal interaction och animal-assisted interventions. Deltagarna arbetade i mindre grupper med djuren i klassrummet i två omgångar spridda över fem veckor. Under dessa fem veckor samlades data in kontinuerligt genom dagboksanteckningar, observationer och intervjuer. Av materialet framkom det att eleverna fick bättre relation till djuren med tiden, eleverna blev mer avslappnade i djurens närhet, eleverna lärde sig mycket om djurens behov, fysiska attribut och skötsel. Förändringen som några elever såg var att klasserna inte var lika högljudda, många var nyfikna på hur djuren mådde och tittade därför till dem efter varje rast och de pratade mer om respektive djur. / Animals can influence humans in various ways. Animals can affect human’s physical health through lowering the cholesterol content and blood pressure, they also reduce stress and anxiety. The use of animals in education can also affect children. By including animals in the education, students can increase their empathic abilities, social skills and increase the motivation for school. In the current research, however, there is a lack of deeper understanding of how reptiles and insects can affect pupils. The purpose of this study is to research how pupils in year five themselves experience that reptiles and insects affect them by placing these animals into two classes. To research this purpose the following research questions are used. How can reptiles and insects affect pupils? What can children learn about the animals? Do the pupils perceive any difference in the classroom climate before and after the placement of the animals in the classroom? The study was based om four different theories, sociocultural theory, attachment theory, human-animal interaction, and animal-assisted interventions. The participants worked in small groups with the animals in the classroom during two occasions spread over five weeks. During these five weeks, data were collected continuously though diary entries, observations, and interviews. The information that emerged from the collected data was that the pupils became better related to the animals over time, the pupils got more relaxed in vicinity of the animals, the pupils learned a lot about the animals’ needs, physical attributes, and how to care for the animals. The changes that some students noticed was that the classes were not as loud as usual, many were curious about how the animals were doing and therefore checked at them after each break and the pupils talked more about each animal.

The work is focused on the issue of relations between people and their dogs in a selected group. Its aim is to present what relationships are created between people and their dogs and if there are such cases when the relationship that has been developed with a dog, replaces, complements or simulates to its owner any of interpersonal relationships. And finally, how such relationships look like and for what reasons can be formed. The work consists of a theoretical part, which includes a chapter summarizing the current state of knowledge of the subject, thus representing the relevant literature and authors who have worked on and written about the same or similar field already. In addition, the chapter briefly describes the history of men and dogs union, moment of their connection and the development of relationships and roles. The work also contains a research part, an empirical survey. The research approach is a qualitative survey, mainly driven by scenarios interviews and observations. Every step taken in research and subsequent analysis are based on the methodological literature. Key words: Dog in society, the family dog, human-animal relationships, pets

Purrrfect House es una empresa dedicada a la producción y comercialización de artículos ensamblables de entretenimiento diseñado exclusivamente para gatos, lo original de estos artículos es que se pueden ensamblar entre sí. En la actualidad los espacios en los departamentos y/o casas son cada vez más reducidos, sin embargo, buscan una mascota para la familia, en la mayoría de casos adoptan un gato al ser de menor tamaño, hogareños e independientes. Asimismo, se logró identificar las principales necesidades y problemas que falta explorar en el mercado respecto a los gatos, por lo cual existe un nicho importante en Lima Metropolitana, dirigido para ambos sexos, entre un rango de edades desde los 18 a 55 años, pertenecientes al NSE A y B que maneje de forma básica el internet desde cualquier dispositivo. Por ello, el emprendimiento de satisfacer a los dueños de gatos como reducción de espacio, precios de acuerdo al mercado, innovador, entre otros, adquiriendo de forma virtual sin trasladarse de su domicilio y de esta manera dar mención que los productos son eco-amigables. Los dos primeros años se lanzará dos productos en venta que son Dear Bigotes, Sr. Adorable y en el tercer año se incrementara un producto más en el mercado llamado Mr.Kawaii. Finalmente, se refleja un crecimiento de 10% anual de ventas, en la cual el primer año se estima con ventas de ambos productos. Por ende, existirá a la par un flujo una retroalimentación por parte de los clientes para buscar y detectar mejoras en el servicio brindado. Asimismo, se realizó un diagnostico financiero en donde se recurrió a la utilización de los estados financieros como también la información que se pudo obtener de las entrevistas realizadas, incluye además el cálculo e interpretación de las principales razones e indicadores financieros y la aplicación de herramientas como el análisis horizontal y vertical, que sirvieron de base para la elaboración del informe financiero. / Purrrfect House is a company dedicated to the sale of assembled entertainment items designed exclusively for cats that can be assembled together, since at present the spaces in the apartments and / or houses are increasingly reduced, however, they are looking for a pet for the family, in most cases they adopt a cat as it is smaller, homey and independent. Likewise, it was possible to identify the main needs and problems that need to be explored in the market regarding cats, for which there is an important niche in Metropolitan Lima, aimed at both sexes, between an age range from 18 to 55 years old, belonging NSE A and B that basically manages the internet from any device. For this reason, the undertaking to satisfy cat owners as space reduction, prices according to the market, innovative, among others, acquiring virtually without leaving their home at affordable prices and thus mentioning that the products are eco-friendly. In the first two years, two products for sale will be launched, which are Dear Bigotes, Sr. Adorable, and in the third year, another product will be increased in the market called Mr. Kawaii. Finally, a 10% annual sales growth is reflected, in which the first year is estimated with sales of both products. Therefore, there will be at the same time a flow of feedback from customers to seek and detect improvements in the service provided. / Trabajo de investigación

Pets are a common aspect of life for many Americans. In 2012, 36.5% of American household owned dogs and 30.4% owned cats (American Veterinary Medical Foundation, 2012). The purpose on this study was to explore the influence of dog ownership on romantic relationships. Specifically, this thesis investigates how dog ownership acts as a catalyst of relational maintenance and conflict behavior in interactions about the couple's dog. No prior research has been conducted on the role dogs' play in enacting relational maintenance or conflict in romantic relationships, so it is unclear if there is an influence to the these behaviors. This study asks how dog ownership might act as a centripetal force pulling the relationship together (e.g. relational maintenance) and/or as a centrifugal force pushing the partners apart (e.g. conflict). A total of 379 participants were recruited through social media to complete a short online survey. The survey asked questions on the romantic relationship, dog ownership, conflict regarding the dog, relational maintenance activities regarding the dog, and demographics. The majority of participants reported engaging in 8 of the 24 relational maintenance activities "often" or "always" and 3 of the 30 conflict topics occurred at least one or more times. Satisfaction with the romantic relationship associated positively with partial weak and negligible correlations to the relational maintenance activities and one negligible association with a conflict topic. A thematic analysis provides details on the short answers participants provided. The results shows that dogs do provide couples opportunities for relational maintenance but also are the source of conflict. This research is the start to understanding the role of dog ownership within romantic relationship. While each couple and dog may produce different influences on the relationship, this study is the start for the investigation and provides guidance for future research.