Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2016-07-28T13:03:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3687108 bytes, checksum: faed97d764086daceda292cf64938c9c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-28T13:03:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3687108 bytes, checksum: faed97d764086daceda292cf64938c9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this work, poly coatings were obtained (dimethyl siloxane) with silver nanoparticles (PDMS / AgNPs), produced by the method of solution blow spraying (SBSp), a technique of adapting Solution Blow Spinning (SBS), with potential for application in packaging and equipment coatings in the food industry. AgNPs synthesized by Turkevich method were deposited on the PDMS film SBSp technique and tested antimicrobial activity against microorganisms S. aureus and E. coli (ATCC). The results of dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed that AgNPs had an average size of 170,5 nm. In addition, these nanoparticles show antimicrobial activity, in accordance with the disk diffusion test, and were considered for nontoxic toxicity tests against Artemia salina. The AgNPs were deposited on the PDMS films at various intervals cure this resin. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed the observation that the films form uniform coatings with a thickness of 1,62 ± 0,2μm and the particles are evenly distributed over the surface of the film (SEM-EDS) with concentrations varying according to the time and number of depositions of AgNPs. These results were also corroborated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP / AES). When the application of AgNPs was performed at the end or after the course of ¾ PDMS curing time, there was a greater reduction in cell adhesion and biofilm formation uniespécie for S. aureus and E. coli (ATCC). This reduction has also been improved when multiple applications AgNPs were made. Once all coatings showed antimicrobial activity, their use in food industry can be considered promising. / Neste trabalho, foram obtidos revestimentos de poli(dimetil siloxano) com nanopartículas de prata (PDMS/AgNPs), produzidos pelo método de solution blow spraying (SBSp), uma adaptação da técnica de Solution Blow Spinning (SBS), com potencial para aplicação em embalagens e revestimentos de equipamentos na indústria de alimentos. AgNPs, sintetizadas pelo método de Turkevich, foram depositadas sobre filmes de PDMS pela técnica de SBSp e a atividade antimicrobiana testada contra os micro-organismos S. aureus e E. coli (ATCC). Os resultados de espalhamento dinâmico de luz (DLS) mostraram que as AgNPs tiveram tamanho médio de 170,5 nm. Além disso, essas nanopartículas apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana, de acordo com o teste de disco de difusão, e foram consideradas atóxicas pelo teste de toxicidade frente a Artemia salina. As AgNPs foram depositadas sobre os filmes de PDMS em vários intervalos de cura dessa resina. Análises por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) permitiram observar que os filmes formam revestimentos uniformes com espessura de 1,62 ± 0,2μm e que as partículas estão uniformemente distribuídas pela superfície do filme (MEV-EDS) com concentrações variando de acordo com o tempo e número de deposições das AgNPs. Estes resultados também foram corroborados por microscopia de força atômica (AFM) e espectrometria de emissão atômica com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP/AES). Quando a aplicação das AgNPs foi realizada no final ou após decorrer ¾ do tempo de cura do PDMS, houve uma redução mais significativa na adesão celular e formação de biofilme uniespécie para S. aureus e E. coli (ATCC). Essa redução também foi melhorada quando múltiplas aplicações de AgNPs foram feitas. Uma vez que todos os revestimentos apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana, sua utilização na indústria de alimentos pode ser considerada promissora.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:52:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:34:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:09:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Orientador: Olimpio José Pinheiro / Banca: Gilberto Kunz / Banca: Dorival Campos Rossi / Resumo: Esta pesquisa fundamenta-se em uma reflexão sobre as atuais embalagens de produtos da fruticultura, as normas que condicionam os formatos e seus materiais, num contexto do design moderno. Tem-se por objetivo uma reflexão sobre as atuais embalagens desse gênero, as quais são bubmetidas a uma série de normas pelos entrepostos fiscais, que nem sempre são cumpridas no contexto de uma cultura defrontada com a sustentabilidade. Abrange questões de representação do espaço, matéria e forma, além do condicionador do formato da embalagem, enquanto padrão de "utilização" de carga e não o produto em si. Para analisar os fatores relacionados à embalagem, estudou-se o pensamento sistêmico, holístico ou ecológico e os dados foram dispostos em forma de map minds sistêmicos. A pesquisa visa evidenciar quais as questões que são de responsabilidade do designer neste processo, contribuindo com reflexões que auxiliem no diagnóstico do problema em sua complexidade e na rede interconectada de fatores, de modo a facilitar um melhor planejamento de embalagens para produtos numa futura sociedade sustentável. / Abstract: This research is based on a reflection on the current packages of fruit culture, standard that conditions format and its materials, in the context of modern design. It is intended to reflect on the current packagigng of this kind, which are subjected to a series of standards for tax warehouses, are not always followed n the context of a culture faced with sustainability. Covers issues of representations of space representations, material and form, in addition to the conditioner of the format of the pack as standard load and not the product itself. To analyze the factors related to packaging, we studied the systemic thinking holistic or ecological and data were arranged in the form of systemic map minds. The research aims to highlight what issues are responsability of designer in this process, contribuing with information to help in diagnosing the problem in its complexity and interconnected web of factors in order to facilitate better planning of packaging for fruit culture in a future sustainable society. / Mestre

The objective of this diploma thesis is evaluation of marketing communication tools which are used by company Bohemia Trade CZ s.r.o., afterthat the concept of solution of improvement in this sphere. The base of elaboration of this thesis and achieving the objective was processing of data and information, which were gathered from intercompany materials and supplied by examinated company.

The contamination of foods with hydrocarbon mixtures migrating from food contact materials (FCM) was first observed for jute and sisal bags treated with batching oil in the 1990s. Since the millennium, the focus has shifted to printing inks and recycled cardboard packaging as most recognized sources for hydrocarbon contamination from FCM. Mineral oil containing printing inks can either release hydrocarbons directly from the printing of folding boxes into food or indirectly entering the recycling chain of cardboard material by printed products, such as newspapers. The contamination of dry foods with mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOH) from recycled fiber packaging has been reported to reach up to 100 mg/kg [1]. Using LC-GC-FID technique the MOH were categorized into mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH). The molecular mass, which is assumed to be toxicological relevant, is derived from the GC retention times of accumulated MOSH in human tissues and is limited to n C16 to n-C35 [2]. MOSH is the most significant contaminant of the human body reaching 1-10 g per person, which is of particular concern since a formation of microgranulomas (causing inflammatory reactions) in the liver was observed in rats fed with saturated hydrocarbons [3]. Furthermore, some MOAH are assumed to be genotoxic analogous to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [3]. In the latest draft of a German ‘Mineral Oil Regulation’ the following limits for the migration of MOH from recycled fiber are proposed: for MOSH C16-20 4.0 mg/kg, MOSH C21-35 2.0 mg/kg and for MOAH 0.5 mg per kg food [4]. Functional barriers reducing the migration of undesirable compounds from recycled cardboards (such as MOH and other contaminants) could be a part of the solution for this issue. Supporting that approach in this study, the boxes of recycled cardboard featuring a barrier layer on the internal surface or an integrated adsorbent available early in 2014 were investigated for their efficiency in reducing migration of mineral oil hydrocarbons into dry food. A practice-oriented one-year storage test was performed with wheat flakes in seven configurations: a box of virgin fibers, two boxes of unprotected recycled cardboard, three cardboards with barrier layers (a flexo-printed polyacrylate layer, a polyvinyl alcohol coating and a multilayer involving polyester) and a cardboard containing activated carbon. The highest migration of MOH (C16-24) was observed in the boxes of unprotected recycled cardboard (MOSH: 11.4 mg/kg, MOAH: 2.4 mg/kg). Of the three investigated barrier layers only two reduced migration of MOH into food below the limits of the 3rd draft of the German mineral oil ordinance (2014) until the end of shelf life. The cardboard box involving active carbon as adsorbent prevented detectable migration of mineral oil hydrocarbons (<0.1 mg/kg). In the case of virgin fiber, which was virtually free of MOH (<1 mg/kg), migration close to the proposed limits was detected (C16-24, MOSH: 1.5 mg/kg, MOAH: 0.4 mg/kg). Therefore, it has been proven that the transport box (corrugated board) substantially contributed to the transfer of MOH into food. Plastic FCM can also release hydrocarbons, such as polyolefin oligomeric hydrocarbons (POH), into food. These POH are of synthetic nature and are formed during the polymerization process of polyolefins (150 – 3000 mg/kg in granulates of homo/hetero polymers involving ethylene and propylene). This group of synthetic contaminants contain also saturated hydrocarbons (POSH) analogous to mineral oils, but contrary no aromatic hydrocarbons. Further, a significant amount (10 – 50%) of monounsaturated hydrocarbons (POMH) was determined in the oligomeric fraction of polyolefins, which are not detectable in mineral oil products. Therefore, these POMH can be used as a marker for POH migration. A method based on two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography on-line coupled to gas chromatography (on-line HPLC-HPLC-GC) was developed to enable the separate analysis of saturated, monounsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons in extracts of packaging materials like polyolefins or paperboard and foods, repectively. It is an extension of the HPLC-GC method for MOSH and MOAH [1] using an additional argentation HPLC column, since normal-phase HPLC on silica gel did not preseparate saturated from monounsaturated hydrocarbons. Further, this method and comprehensive two-dimensional GC (GCxGC) was used to investigate the concentration of different oligomer types in polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) based sealing layers as well as their corresponding granulates. The analyzed sealing layers contained 180-995 mg/kg POSH and 90-435 mg/kg POMH (C16-35). Only in sealing layers involving low-density PE, oxidized polyolefin oligomers as well as cyclic oligomers (alkylated cyclopentanes and hexanes) have been detected. The transfer of POH (C16-35) from the investigated sealing layers into food can be substantial (>50%) and can reach more than 2 mg per kg food. The level of contamination depends on the oligomer content of the sealing layer, the fat content of the food, the processing temperature and the surface-volume ratio. Hot melt adhesives are widely utilized to glue cardboard boxes used as food packaging material. The analysed raw materials of hot melts mainly consisted of paraffinic waxes, hydrocarbon resins and polyolefins. The hydrocarbon resins, functioning as tackifiers, were the predominant source of hydrocarbons of sufficient volatility to migrate via gaseous phase into dry foods. The 18 hydrocarbon resins analyzed contained 8.2-118 g/kg saturated and up to 59 g/kg aromatic hydrocarbons (C16-24). These synthetic tackfier resins, especially the oligomers ≤C24, have been characterized structurally and migration into food was estimated using a food simulant and by the analysis of real food samples. About 0.5-1.5 % of the potentially migrating substances (C16 24) of a hot melt were found to be transferred into food under storage conditions, which can result in a food contamination of approximately 1 mg/kg food in this case. The order of magnitude depends on the absolute amount of potentially migrating substances from the hot melt, the hot melt surface, contact time, amount and type of foods.

Neste trabalho, ingredientes naturais antimicrobianos foram adicionados em filme biodegradável (biofilme) à base de fécula de mandioca tendo como plastificantes sacarose e açúcar invertido. A seleção dos ingredientes antimicrobianos (cravo em pó, canela em pó, pimenta vermelha em pó, óleo essencial de laranja, café em pó, mel e extrato de própolis) foi conduzida por meio de um delineamento experimental (fatorial fracionado 27-3) e os biofilmes foram analisados quanto às suas propriedades de barreira (permeabilidade ao vapor de água e taxa de permeabilidade ao vapor de água) e propriedades mecânicas (resistência máxima à tração e porcentagem de alongamento na ruptura). Os biofilmes apresentaram valores inferiores aos apresentados pelo biofilme controle quanto às propriedades mecânicas. Em geral, a taxa de permeabilidade ao vapor de água nos biofilmes antimicrobianos manteve-se estatisticamente igual ao do controle. Na segunda etapa do trabalho, a otimização dos ingredientes selecionados foi realizada através de delineamento experimental, com somente adição de cravo e canela em pó, que apresentaram resultados mais promissores na etapa anterior. Foi constatado que a adição de cravo e canela em pó alterou as propriedades mecânicas, porém as alterações foram menos intensas com a adição da canela em pó do que com o cravo em pó, o que pode ser justificado pela diferença de granulometria entre eles. A taxa de permeabilidade diminuiu até certa concentração dos ingredientes (0,34% para a canela em pó e 0,20% para o cravo em pó). O efeito antimicrobiano dos biofilmes foi investigado como embalagem de fatias de pão tipo forma e foi constatado que a atividade de água dos biofilmes aumentou após 7 dias de contato. É provável que os biofilmes tenham se tornado meios propícios para o desenvolvimento de bolores e leveduras visto que estes microrganismos cresceram de forma similar ou mais intensa nas fatias de pão na presença do que na ausência dos biofilmes. A partir dos resultados obtidos, não é possível avaliar de forma clara, o efeito antimicrobiano dos ingredientes incorporados na matriz dos biofilmes contra o crescimento de bolores e leveduras em fatias de pão tipo forma. / In this work, natural antimicrobial ingredients were added to biodegradable film (biofilm) based on cassava starch with sucrose and inverted sugar as plasticizers. The selection of the antimicrobial ingredients (clove powder, cinnamon powder, red pepper powder, orange essencial oil, coffee powder, honey and propolis extract) was carried out applying an experimental design (incomplete factorial 27-3) and the barrier properties (water vapour permeability and water vapour permeability rate) and mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break) of the biofilms were determined. The biofilms presented lower data regarding mechanical properties when compared to biofilm control. In general, the water vapour permeability rate of the antimicrobial biofilms was statistically equal to the control. In the second phase of the work, the optimization of the selected ingredients was carried out applying an experimental design, with the addition of only clove and cinnamon powder due to the fact that they showed the most promissing results at the previous phase. The addition of clove and cinnamon powder modified the mechanical properties but the modifications resulted by the addition of cinnamon powder were less intense tha n the ones resulted by the addition of clove powder, which can be justified by the particle size differences between them. The water vapour permeability rate decreased by specific ingredients concentration (0.34% for the cinnamon in powder and 0.20% for the clove in powder). The biofilms antimicrobial effect was investigated as packaging of pan bread slices and it was verified that the biofilms water activity increased after 7 days of contact. Probably, the biofilms became suitable substrates for yeast and mold development due to the fact that these microorganisms grew equally or more intensely in the pan bread slices when the biofilms were present in comparison to the cases of its absence. According to the results, it is not possible to evaluate clearly the antimicrobial effect of the added ingredients to the biofilm matrix against yeast and mold development in pan bread slices.

As embalagens ativas têm ganhado destaque no mercado mundial, pois possibilitam a interação do alimento com o material da embalagem, permitindo a incorporação de compostos ativos. Dentre os compostos ativos, o extrato etanólico de cúrcuma (EEC) tem chamado atenção, devido suas propriedades antioxidante, antimicrobiana, dentre outras. Assim, os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolvimento, caracterização e aplicação de filmes à base de gelatina aditivados com EEC. Os filmes foram produzidos pela técnica de casting (2 g de gelatina/100 g de solução filmogênica (SF), 30 g de sorbitol/100 g de gelatina) e o EEC foi incorporado na SF, nas concentrações de 0, 5, 50, 100, 150 e 200 g EEC/100 g de gelatina. Os filmes foram caracterizados em relação às propriedades mecânicas, conteúdo de água, matéria solúvel, permeabilidade ao vapor de água, parâmetros de cor, opacidade, brilho, microestrutura, espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), barreira UV/Vis, transparência, teor de curcumina, atividade antioxidante e atividade antimicrobiana. O filme com os melhores resultados para as propriedades mecânicas, barreira UV/Vis e atividade antioxidante foi utilizado para embalar noz macadâmia e, as propriedades da noz foram avaliadas em função do tempo de estocagem. A incorporação do EEC melhorou as propriedades mecânicas dos filmes, a tensão de ruptura aumentou de 27,7 MPa (filme controle) para 35,1 MPa (filme com 200 g de EEC/100 g de gelatina) e a elongação na ruptura aumentou de 22,3 % (filme controle) para 36,5 % (filme com 200 g de EEC/100 g de gelatina). O conteúdo de água não foi influenciado pela adição do EEC, porém a matéria solúvel reduziu em relação ao filme controle. A permeabilidade ao vapor de água também reduziu em média 24,1 % para os filmes aditivados. Os parâmetros de cor, opacidade e brilho foram afetados pela incorporação do EEC. As análises de microestrutura indicaram alterações na rugosidade da superfície e um aumento na rugosidade da estrutura interna, em função do aumento da concentração de EEC nos filmes. A análise de FTIR mostrou deslocame ntos dos picos associados às amidas A, I e II para os filmes aditivados. Os filmes com EEC apresentaram reduzida transmitância na região UV/Vis e aumento da transparência. O teor de curcumina aumentou linearmente (y=0,6115x+6,6629, R2=0,9817) com o aumento da concentração do extrato. A capacidade antioxidante aumentou em função do aumento da concentração do EEC e a atividade antimicrobiana (Staphylococcus aureus) foi verificada para concentrações acima de 5 g de EEC/100 g de gelatina. Assim, o filme com concentração de EEC de 200 g de EEC/100 g de gelatina foi utilizado para embalar noz macadâmia. Em relação ao conteúdo de água da noz macadâmia foram observadas diferenças significativas em função do tipo de filme utilizado (com e sem ad ição de EEC) nos primeiros 30 dias de estocagem. Entretanto, para a atividade de água não foram observadas diferenças. Após 60 dias a dureza da noz macadâmia embalada com o filme aditivado foi superior e as substâncias reativas (ácido tiobarbitúrico) fora m inferiores. Pode-se concluir que é possível a utilização desse sistema como embalagem ativa para a noz macadâmia. / Active packaging has been receiving growing attention in the world market because it allows interaction between food and packaging material, thus enabling the incorporation of active compounds. Among active compounds, curcuma ethanol extract (CEE) has been highlighted mainly because its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The objectives of this study were the development, characterization and application of gelatin-based films added with CEE. The films were produced by casting technique (2 g gelatin/100 g filmogenic solution (FS), 30 g sorbitol/100 g gelatin) and CEE was added to FS at 6 concentrations (0, 5, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g CEE/100 g gelatin). The films were characterized regarding mechanical properties, water content, soluble matter, water vapor permeability, color parameters, opacity, gloss, microstructure, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), light transmission, transparency, curcumin content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity. The film with the best results concerning mechanical properties, light transmission and antioxidant activity was selected to package macadamia nut, whose properties were evaluated during the storage time. The addition of CEE improved mechanical properties of the films: tensile strength increased fro m 27.7 MPa (control film) to 35.1 MPa (film with 200 g CEE/100 g gelatin) and the elongation at break increased from 22.3 % (control film) to 36.5 % (film with 200 g CEE/100 g gelatin). Water content was not affected by the addition of CEE, however soluble matter reduced compared to control film. The water vapor permeability for added films also reduced on average 24.1 %. Color parameters, opacity and gloss were affected by the incorporation of CEE. Microstructure analysis indicated changes in surface roughness and increase in roughness regarding the internal structure due to the growing concentration of CEE in the films. FTIR analysis showed peaks displacements associated to amides A, I and II for the added films. Films added CEE showed reduced transmittance for the UV/Vis region and increased transparency. The curcumin content increased linearly (y=0.6115x+6.6629, R2=0.9817) with increasing extract concentration. The antioxidant capacity increased was improved with the increase of extract concentration and antimicrobial activity (Staphylococcus aureus) was verified at concentrations above 5g CEE/100g gelatin. Thus, the film with CEE concentration of 200 g CEE/100 g gelatin was used for macadamia nut packaging. Regarding water content in the macadamia nut, significant differences in the first 30 day of storage were found according to the film (with or without CEE). However, no significant difference concerning water activity was found. After 60 days of storage nuts packaged with added film had their hardness increased and lower reactive substances (thiobarbituric acid). It can be concluded that the utilization of this system as active packaging for macadamia nut is possible.

Áreas de impacto aparentemente não financeiro vêm assumindo papel de grande relevância no mundo dos negócios. E, o grande desafio consiste em encontrar equilíbrio entre baixo custo e um elevado padrão de qualidade, considerando aspectos de desenvolvimento sustentável e atendendo às reivindicações da sociedade. Neste cenário, há que se considerar o aumento no consumo e conseqüente descarte de embalagens e resíduos dos mais variados tipos. Assim, áreas como a logística reversa pós-consumo vem ganhando destaque. As garrafas PET são um exemplo de produtos que podem ser reciclados e reinseridos na cadeia produtiva. Mas, para isso é necessário o envolvimento de todos os atores que participam desta cadeia de produção, consumo, descarte e reciclagem das embalagens. Da mesma forma, a responsabilização dos fornecedores pelo recolhimento de suas embalagens, a substituição de materiais, bem como um maior reaproveitamento dos resíduos, contemplam práticas de logística reversa e, de forma mais abrangente, envolvem aspectos da Gestão Sustentável da Cadeia de Suprimentos. Assim, o objetivo principal desta pesquisa consiste em investigar limitações e oportunidades presentes nas práticas de logística reversa pós-consumo de duas indústrias de diferentes setores. Para isso foram escolhidos dois segmentos: (i) produção de carrocerias e ônibus – empresa Bus S.A. e (ii) indústria de bebidas – empresa Soft Drink S.A. O intuito é estudar duas situações contrastantes sob a perspectiva da cadeia produtiva. No primeiro caso, o foco são materiais e embalagens, especialmente as de produtos químicos, utilizados pela empresa e que retornam, ou deveriam retornar, aos seus fornecedores. No segundo caso, a pesquisa aborda o processo de produção, consumo, descarte e reciclagem de embalagens PET, ou seja, o foco recai principalmente sobre as práticas relacionadas ao pós-consumo externo. O método utilizado foi o estudo de caso, com realização de entrevistas e os dados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo e triangulação. Os principais resultados apontam que as práticas de logística reversa são amplamente influenciadas pela articulação dos atores das cadeias produtivas e, principalmente, pelas políticas públicas de incentivo e suporte ao descarte correto, reciclagem, produção de resina reciclada, coleta seletiva e conscientização do consumidor. / Areas of impact apparently non financial have been taking a role of extremely prominence in the world of business. The great challenge consists of finding a balance between a low cost and a high standard of quality, considering aspects of sustainable development and complying with the society‟s claims. In this scenery one has to consider the increase number in consume and therefore waste of packaging and residues of the most diverse types. Thus, fields as the reverse logistic post-consume has been gaining distinction. Discarded bottles are ways of example of products which can be recycled and reinserted in the productive chain. But, for such it is necessary involvement of every agent who take part of this productive chain, consume, discard and packaging recycling. In the same way, the responsibility of suppliers by packaging collecting, materials replacement as well as a better reuse of its residues contemplate practices of reverse logistics and of a more comprehensive way that involve aspects of Sustainable Management of the Supply Chain. So, the main goal of this research consists of investigating restraints and opportunities in the practices of reverse post-consume of tow industries of different sectors. For such two segments were chosen: (i) production of coach body and coaches – company Bus S.A. e (ii) industry of beverages – company Soft Drink S.A. The aim is to study two contrasting situations under the productive chain perspective. In the first case, the focus on materials and packaging mainly of the chemical products used by the company and that return or should be returned to its suppliers. On the second case the research approach the production process, consumption, discard and discarded bottles‟ recycling, that is, the focus falls into mainly the practices related to external post-consumption. The method used was the case study, with interviews taking place and data were analyzed through the content and triangulation. The main results show that the reverse logistic practices are widely influenced by the productive chain agents‟ dispute and mainly by public policies of incentive and support to the right discard, recycling, production of recycled resin, selective collecting and consumer awareness.

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-08T12:04:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Hiroshi Koike.pdf: 4456848 bytes, checksum: ba8f51355922dedd3392180ab920a271 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-08T12:04:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hiroshi Koike.pdf: 4456848 bytes, checksum: ba8f51355922dedd3392180ab920a271 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / This research project, exploratory and qualitative character, aims to analyze the packages (sets formed by the label, product and its container) with environmental appeal and its impact on eco-criticism consciousness of the consumers. This research is based on a conception of sustainable development in the context of capitalist relations of production. High consumerism of contemporary society has generated serious problems for the environment. As a result there is the indiscriminate use of natural resources. The stimulus to consumption takes place in various ways, being the packaging an important tool of persuasion in this context. Methodological research procedures are situated on the field of dialectical logic, reference that guides the course of research, making it a critical understanding of the socio-historical relations existing between appearance and essence in the studied phenomena. The survey is basically divided in three parts: a discourse analysis of the consumers about packaging with environmental appeals, an analysis in a semiotic perspective of these packages and finally, a discourse analysis of the consumers, looking for their critical ecological consciousness, from the packaging. / Este pesquisa, exploratória e de caráter qualitativo, tem como objetivo analisar as embalagens (compreendidas, aqui, como conjuntos formados pelo rótulo, recipiente e produto) que possuem apelos ambientais e seus impactos na consciência crítico-ecológica dos(das) consumidores(as). Nesta pesquisa, toma-se por base a concepção de desenvolvimento sustentável no contexto das relações de produção capitalistas. O consumismo elevado da sociedade contemporânea tem gerado graves problemas ao meio ambiente. Como resultado, tem-se o uso indiscriminado dos recursos naturais. O estímulo ao consumo se dá de várias maneiras, sendo a embalagem uma importante ferramenta de persuasão nesse contexto. Os referenciais teóricos e metodológicos da pesquisa situam-se no campo da lógica dialética, referencial que orienta o rumo da investigação, e que possibilita uma apreensão crítica das relações sócio-históricas existentes entre aparência e essência nos fenômenos estudados. A pesquisa se deu em três partes: a) análise do discurso dos(as) consumidores(as) sobre as embalagens com apelos ambientais; b)análise em uma perspectiva semiótica destas embalagens e, por fim, a partir das embalagens, c) análise do discurso dos(as) consumidores(as), por meio da qual se buscou apreender aspectos da sua consciência crítico-ecológica.