A presente Dissertação de Mestrado consiste de um capítulo introdutório na qual são apresentados os quatro eixos que formam a estrutura teórica de dois estudos empíricos apresentados em forma de artigos. Os estudos foram realizados no Presídio Central de Porto Alegre e contaram com uma amostra de 50 prisioneiros sem condenação prévia com idades entre 18 e 35 anos. No primeiro estudo foram utilizados dois instrumentos: O Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) e a Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Buscou-se verificar a qualidade dos vínculos afetivos entre os presidiários e seus pais, assim como avaliar os principais quadros psiquiátricos que acometem esta população. Para análise dos dados foram realizadas análises estatísticas com o Teste t e o Teste Qui-quadrado. Os resultados desse estudo revelaram a presença de diversos transtornos psiquiátricos e problemas no vínculos afetivos entre pais e filhos. Houve alta incidência de uso/dependência de drogas sendo a maconha e o crack as mais consumidas. Aqueles prisioneiros que apresentavam um Transtorno Antissocial de Personalidade (TASP) também apresentavam fracasso biparental. Independentemente do diagnóstico psiquiátrico os crimes mais freqüentes foram os contra o patrimônio. O segundo estudo procurou investigar a relação entre uso de álcool e drogas e comportamento sexual de risco para HIV/AIDS. Neste estudo o Addiction Severity Index (ASI6) foi o instrumento utilizado para avaliar gravidade de dependência e comportamento sexual. Os resultados indicaram que com o advento do crack houve uma redução no número de usuários de drogas injetáveis (UDI). Apesar disso, foi verificado que o risco para a contaminação com o vírus do HIV ainda é alto entre os prisioneiros. Duas são as possíveis razoes: um descuido geral em relação à saúde, e o sexo ter-se tornado uma moeda de troca por drogas. Ambos os estudos têm relevância uma vez que revelaram aspectos pouco conhecidos sobre a realidade daqueles que se encontram aprisionados. / The present Master's Dissertation consists of an introductory chapter in which four axes are presented. They constitute the theoretical structure involving two empirical studies presented in article format. The studies were carried out at the Presídio Central in Porto Alegre. The sample comprised 50 inmates, ranging from 18 to 35 years old. In the first study, two instruments were used: The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). It attempted to verify the quality of affective bonds between the inmates and their parents as well as to assess the main psychiatric histories which affected this population. For the data statistical analysis, the t Test and the Chi-square Test were used. The results revealed the presence of several psychiatric disorders and problems involving the affective bonds between parents and their sons. There was a high incidence of the use/dependency of drugs, with marijuana and crack being the most used. Those inmates who presented Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) also presented biparental failure. Independently from the psychiatric diagnosis, the most frequent crimes are the ones against the patrimony. The second study investigated the relation between the use of drugs and the risky sexual behavior for HIV/AIDS. In this study, the Addiction Severity index (ASI6) was the instrument used to assess the severity of dependency and sexual behavior. The results showed that, with the advent of crack, there was a decrease in the number of injecting drug users (IDU). Nevertheless, it was found that the risk for contamination with the HIV virus is still high among the inmates. There are two possible reasons for this to happen: a general disregard with health and the fact that sex became a certain kind of currency to be exchanged for drugs. Both studies are relevant since they demonstrate some unknown aspects about the reality of those inmates.

A presente Dissertação de Mestrado consiste de um capítulo introdutório na qual são apresentados os quatro eixos que formam a estrutura teórica de dois estudos empíricos apresentados em forma de artigos. Os estudos foram realizados no Presídio Central de Porto Alegre e contaram com uma amostra de 50 prisioneiros sem condenação prévia com idades entre 18 e 35 anos. No primeiro estudo foram utilizados dois instrumentos: O Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) e a Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Buscou-se verificar a qualidade dos vínculos afetivos entre os presidiários e seus pais, assim como avaliar os principais quadros psiquiátricos que acometem esta população. Para análise dos dados foram realizadas análises estatísticas com o Teste t e o Teste Qui-quadrado. Os resultados desse estudo revelaram a presença de diversos transtornos psiquiátricos e problemas no vínculos afetivos entre pais e filhos. Houve alta incidência de uso/dependência de drogas sendo a maconha e o crack as mais consumidas. Aqueles prisioneiros que apresentavam um Transtorno Antissocial de Personalidade (TASP) também apresentavam fracasso biparental. Independentemente do diagnóstico psiquiátrico os crimes mais freqüentes foram os contra o patrimônio. O segundo estudo procurou investigar a relação entre uso de álcool e drogas e comportamento sexual de risco para HIV/AIDS. Neste estudo o Addiction Severity Index (ASI6) foi o instrumento utilizado para avaliar gravidade de dependência e comportamento sexual. Os resultados indicaram que com o advento do crack houve uma redução no número de usuários de drogas injetáveis (UDI). Apesar disso, foi verificado que o risco para a contaminação com o vírus do HIV ainda é alto entre os prisioneiros. Duas são as possíveis razoes: um descuido geral em relação à saúde, e o sexo ter-se tornado uma moeda de troca por drogas. Ambos os estudos têm relevância uma vez que revelaram aspectos pouco conhecidos sobre a realidade daqueles que se encontram aprisionados. / The present Master's Dissertation consists of an introductory chapter in which four axes are presented. They constitute the theoretical structure involving two empirical studies presented in article format. The studies were carried out at the Presídio Central in Porto Alegre. The sample comprised 50 inmates, ranging from 18 to 35 years old. In the first study, two instruments were used: The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). It attempted to verify the quality of affective bonds between the inmates and their parents as well as to assess the main psychiatric histories which affected this population. For the data statistical analysis, the t Test and the Chi-square Test were used. The results revealed the presence of several psychiatric disorders and problems involving the affective bonds between parents and their sons. There was a high incidence of the use/dependency of drugs, with marijuana and crack being the most used. Those inmates who presented Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) also presented biparental failure. Independently from the psychiatric diagnosis, the most frequent crimes are the ones against the patrimony. The second study investigated the relation between the use of drugs and the risky sexual behavior for HIV/AIDS. In this study, the Addiction Severity index (ASI6) was the instrument used to assess the severity of dependency and sexual behavior. The results showed that, with the advent of crack, there was a decrease in the number of injecting drug users (IDU). Nevertheless, it was found that the risk for contamination with the HIV virus is still high among the inmates. There are two possible reasons for this to happen: a general disregard with health and the fact that sex became a certain kind of currency to be exchanged for drugs. Both studies are relevant since they demonstrate some unknown aspects about the reality of those inmates.

A presente Dissertação de Mestrado consiste de um capítulo introdutório na qual são apresentados os quatro eixos que formam a estrutura teórica de dois estudos empíricos apresentados em forma de artigos. Os estudos foram realizados no Presídio Central de Porto Alegre e contaram com uma amostra de 50 prisioneiros sem condenação prévia com idades entre 18 e 35 anos. No primeiro estudo foram utilizados dois instrumentos: O Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) e a Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Buscou-se verificar a qualidade dos vínculos afetivos entre os presidiários e seus pais, assim como avaliar os principais quadros psiquiátricos que acometem esta população. Para análise dos dados foram realizadas análises estatísticas com o Teste t e o Teste Qui-quadrado. Os resultados desse estudo revelaram a presença de diversos transtornos psiquiátricos e problemas no vínculos afetivos entre pais e filhos. Houve alta incidência de uso/dependência de drogas sendo a maconha e o crack as mais consumidas. Aqueles prisioneiros que apresentavam um Transtorno Antissocial de Personalidade (TASP) também apresentavam fracasso biparental. Independentemente do diagnóstico psiquiátrico os crimes mais freqüentes foram os contra o patrimônio. O segundo estudo procurou investigar a relação entre uso de álcool e drogas e comportamento sexual de risco para HIV/AIDS. Neste estudo o Addiction Severity Index (ASI6) foi o instrumento utilizado para avaliar gravidade de dependência e comportamento sexual. Os resultados indicaram que com o advento do crack houve uma redução no número de usuários de drogas injetáveis (UDI). Apesar disso, foi verificado que o risco para a contaminação com o vírus do HIV ainda é alto entre os prisioneiros. Duas são as possíveis razoes: um descuido geral em relação à saúde, e o sexo ter-se tornado uma moeda de troca por drogas. Ambos os estudos têm relevância uma vez que revelaram aspectos pouco conhecidos sobre a realidade daqueles que se encontram aprisionados. / The present Master's Dissertation consists of an introductory chapter in which four axes are presented. They constitute the theoretical structure involving two empirical studies presented in article format. The studies were carried out at the Presídio Central in Porto Alegre. The sample comprised 50 inmates, ranging from 18 to 35 years old. In the first study, two instruments were used: The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). It attempted to verify the quality of affective bonds between the inmates and their parents as well as to assess the main psychiatric histories which affected this population. For the data statistical analysis, the t Test and the Chi-square Test were used. The results revealed the presence of several psychiatric disorders and problems involving the affective bonds between parents and their sons. There was a high incidence of the use/dependency of drugs, with marijuana and crack being the most used. Those inmates who presented Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) also presented biparental failure. Independently from the psychiatric diagnosis, the most frequent crimes are the ones against the patrimony. The second study investigated the relation between the use of drugs and the risky sexual behavior for HIV/AIDS. In this study, the Addiction Severity index (ASI6) was the instrument used to assess the severity of dependency and sexual behavior. The results showed that, with the advent of crack, there was a decrease in the number of injecting drug users (IDU). Nevertheless, it was found that the risk for contamination with the HIV virus is still high among the inmates. There are two possible reasons for this to happen: a general disregard with health and the fact that sex became a certain kind of currency to be exchanged for drugs. Both studies are relevant since they demonstrate some unknown aspects about the reality of those inmates.

El trabajo de investigación se basa en modelos económicos utilizados por distintos autores para medir el impacto económico que le generaría realizar juegos olímpicos al país anfitrión. Este modelo de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios es replicado en el escenario de juegos panamericanos. Los estudios existentes sugieren que juegos de esta magnitud pueden generar un aumento del empleo; sin embargo, alcanzan poco consenso sobre la magnitud o duración de ese impacto. El propósito de este estudio es determinar si el hecho de ser sede de un juego panamericano impacta positivamente en el PBI per cápita y la tasa de desempleo del país anfitrión. Para evaluar el impacto económico, las naciones anfitrionas no solo serán analizadas en sí mismas, sino que también se las comparará con las naciones que quedaron en el proceso de licitación. / The research work is based on economic models used by different authors to measure the economic impact that the Olympic Games would generate for the host country. This model of ordinary least squares is replicated in the Pan American Games stage. Existing studies suggest that the Olympics may lead to increased employment, but they reach little consensus on the size or length of that impact. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of hosting the Pan American Games through GDP and unemployment. To assess the economic impact, host nations will not only be analyzed in and of itself, but will also be compared to runner-up nations in the bidding process. / Tesis

No description available.

Carbon dioxide sequestration is one of many mitigation tools available to help reduce carbon dioxide emissions while other disposal/repurposing methods are being investigated. Geologic sequestration is the most stable option for long-term storage of carbon dioxide (CO2), with significant CO2 trapping occurring through mineralization within the first 20-50 years. A fiber optic based monitoring system has been proposed to provide real time concentrations of CO2 at various points throughout the geologic formation. The proposed sensor is sensitive to the refractive index (RI) of substances in direct contact with the sensing component. As RI is a measurement of light propagating through a bulk medium relative to light propagating through a vacuum, the extraction of the effects of any specific component of that medium to the RI remains very difficult. Therefore, a requirement for a selective barrier to be able to prevent confounding substances from being in contact with the sensor and specifically isolate CO2 is necessary. As such a method to evaluate the performance of the selective element of the sensor was investigated. Polybenzimidazole (PBI) and VTEC polyimide (PI) 1388 are high performance polymers with good selectivity for CO2 used in high temperature gas separations. These polymers were spin coated onto a glass substrate and cured to form ultra-thin (>10 μm) membranes for gas separation. At a range of pressures (0.14 –0.41 MPa) and a set temperature of 24.2±0.8 °C, intrinsic permeabilities to CO2 and nitrogen (N2) were investigated as they are the gases of highest prevalence in underground aquifers. Preliminary RI testing for proof of concept has yielded promising results when the sensor is exposed exclusively to CO2 or N2. However, the use of both PBI and VTEC PI in these trials resulted in CO2 selectivities of 0.72 to 0.87 and 0.33 to 0.63 respectively, for corresponding feed pressures of 0.14 to 0.41 MPa. This indicates that both of the polymers are more selective for N2 and should not be used in CO2 sensing applications as confounding gas permeants, specifically N2, will interfere with the sensing element. / Graduate / 0428 / 0495 / 0542 / ben.t.davies@gmail.com

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar los factores que influyeron en el desarrollo de la demanda turística de los principales países para el Perú, durante el periodo 1996-2018. El objetivo principal es confirmar si el PBI per cápita de los turistas internacionales, la apertura comercial y el tipo de cambio real, influyen positivamente en los turistas internacionales al momento de realizar un viaje al Perú. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis de los principales países que representan la mayor demanda turística para el Perú, los cuales representan más del 60%. Asimismo, se ha usado un modelo de data panel dinámico; sometiéndose el mismo a pruebas previas de verificación de datos, para dar veracidad al modelo. El presente trabajo de investigación posee un enfoque cuantitativo, basado en información de fuentes secundarias. Por otra parte, como forma complementaria, se realizaron entrevistas a expertos en el turismo para poder tener un panorama más amplio sobre el tema y así realizar un trabajo más enriquecedor. Según los resultados obtenidos del modelo, se evidencia que existe una relación estructural obtenida, lo cual brinda una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre las variables explicativas PBI per cápita y apertura comercial. Finalmente, la variable tipo de cambio real si bien es cierto no constituye una variables explicativa, si adopta al modelo en su rol de forma logarítmica como una variable determinística, es decir es excluida de las elasticidades a largo plazo pero cumple su rol de establecer tendencia que siguen las demás variables. / The main objective of this research is to analyze the factors that influenced the development of tourism demand in the main countries for Peru during the period 1996-2018. The main objective is to confirm whether the GDP per capita of international tourists, trade opening and the real exchange rate, positively influence international tourists when making a trip to Peru. To this end, an analysis has been carried out of the main countries representing the highest tourism demand for Peru, which represent more than 60 %. A dynamic data panel model has also been used; it is submitted to previous data verification tests to give the model accuracy. This research has a quantitative approach, based on information from secondary sources. Moreover, as a complementary form, interviews were conducted with tourism experts in order to have a broader picture on the subject and thus to carry out a more enriching work. According to the results obtained from the model, it is evident that there is a structural relationship obtained, which provides a positive and statistically significant relationship between the explanatory variables GDP per capita and trade opening. Finally, the real exchange rate variable while true does not constitute an explanatory variable, if it adopts the model in its role logarithmically as a deterministic variable, that is, it is excluded from long-term elasticities but fulfills its role in establishing trends that follow the other variables. / Tesis