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The use of the draw a person (DAP) and DAP variations to explore the self in educational psychologyWeideman, Junita Grezelda 02 1900 (has links)
During her theoretical training as an educational psychologist, the researcher was intrigued and
fascinated by the expositions on the functioning of the self. With this study she pursued her goal to
gain a clearer understanding of the formation and development of the self in a child, with the focus
on the child in middle childhood (6 -12 years). In this study, she mainly focused on understanding
the connection between the three crucial components of the self, self-concept and self-esteem.
Her passion for art inspired her to be inventive and apply artistic creative methods of drawing,
painting and clay human modelling as projective means to access the child’s unconscious mind,
revealing pivotal experiences and emotions, revealing how the child relates to his or her self.
According to this qualitative arts-based research study, the DAP (Draw a Person) and variations of
PAP (Paint a Person) and CAP (Create a Person) with the use of appropriate DAP, PAP and CAP
questionnaires, seem relevant therapeutic projective measures to assist in educational psychology
in exploring the child’s self. / Further Teacher Education / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)
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The Relation of Sport Involvement and Gender to Fitness, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Concept in Middle School StudentsClevinger, Kristina J. 05 1900 (has links)
In the current study, the relation of the frequency of sport participation and gender to CRF, muscular strength and flexibility, body composition, physical activity self-efficacy, and physical self-concept in a sample of 629 sixth graders were examined. Because both physical activity and sport participation have been related to similar outcomes, activity through physical education was controlled by including only 6th graders who were part of a required school class. MANCOVA analyses demonstrated that sport involvement was significantly related to improvements in physical fitness (i.e., CRF and muscular strength), physical activity self-efficacy, and physical self-concept (CRF and muscular strength). The interaction between sport involvement and gender was not significant, suggesting these relationships existed equally for the boys and girls.
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The utilisation of the memory box as a medium in gestalt play therapy with AIDS orphans in middle childhoodGough, Faye Margaret 30 November 2006 (has links)
This study aimed to test the efficacy of the memory box as a medium in Gestalt Therapy, specifically within a therapeutic group with AIDS orphans in the middle childhood phase of development. The aim was to explore and describe the utilisation of the memory box, as a medium for telling one's story, within the safety of the Gestalt play therapy group. It was felt that the increased self-awareness fostered by belonging to a supportive group could enhance self-concept. The research included qualitative and quantitative data. Theoretical and the meta-theoretical assumptions affecting children, in the middle childhood phase, orphaned through HIV/AIDS, were reviewed. The group sessions were described and the data obtained from the pre and post-test was graphically illustrated. The information was then compared to ascertain whether the objectives had been met. Results show that the memory box, used in Gestalt play therapy groups, with AIDS orphans was effective. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Play Therapy)
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An educational psychological analysis of latchkey childrenRambau, Mutshinyani Eunice 29 February 2008 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the latchkey situation on children's relationships. A literature study on the concept `latchkey' children was conducted and it was established that there are only a few studies conducted on the phenomenon. However, most of the literature consulted established that self-care has a negative and positive impact on children's relationships with the self, their parents, siblings, peers and educators. To confirm the findings from the literature study an empirical study was conducted by means of collecting data from three `latchkey' children, three educators and four parents. The empirical research confirmed the findings of the literature study that a latchkey situation has indeed a negative impact on children's relationships with the self and others. The empirical study did, however, not confirm the positive impact of a latchkey situation on children's relationships with the self, parents, siblings, peers and educators. / Educational Studies / M. Ed (Guidance and Counselling)
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Terapeutiese waarde van visueel-perseptuele skoling en die invloed daarvan op skolastiese prestasie.Schoeman, Olivier Johannes 01 1900 (has links)
Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Die waarde van visueel-perseptuele skoling of terapie vir visueel-perseptueel
gestremde leerlinge as 'n subgroep van leergestremdheid, is reeds
vir dekades 'n omstrede aangeleentheid. Hierdie omstredenheid is ondersoek
aan die hand van sewe internasionaal erkende psigometriese toetse.
Die interne konsekwentheidskoeffisiente van hierdie toetse het vir die
huidige studie van 0,62 tot 0,95 gestrek. 'n Faktorontleding van die
toetsinterkorrelasies het 'n gemeenskaplike faktor blootgele. Ses toetse
was primer visueel-perseptueel, en Goodenough <1926> se skaal is vir die
bepaling van intelligensie gebruik. Bykomend hiertoe, is leerlinge se
prestasies in hul eerste taal, wiskunde en skrif gebruik om die effek van
terapie te bepaal.
Proefpersone is as visueel-perseptueel gestremd gediagnoseer deur 'n opvoedkundige
sielkundige en 'n visuele skolingsentrum in Pretoria, waar eksper
imentele leerlinge terapie ontvang het. Hierdie diagnoses is deur die
Test for Visual Analysis Skills wat beduidend tussen normale en visueelperseptueel
gestremdes onderskei, bevestig. Die toets se geldigheid vir
Suid-Afrikaanse omstandighede is in 'n voorstudie bepaal.
Honderd en ses, ses- tot negejarige proefpersone (82 seuns en 24 dogters>,
van normale intelligensie, gesigskerpte en gehoor, is betrek. Drie
en vyftig het die eksperimentele groep gevorm wat onderverdeel is in 32
wat terapie voltooi het, en 21 wat nie het nie. Hierdie leerlinge is individueel
afgepaar met kontroleleerlinge van dieselfde geslag, ouderdom,
huistaal, sosio-ekonomiese status en skoolstanderd.
Eksperimentele leerlinge het visuele terapie in n breer groepsverband
vir een uur per week ontvang. Terapieperiodes het van 4 tot 15 maande gewissel.
Die eksperimentele ontwerp was 'n voortoets-natoets-tweegroepontwerp.
t-Toetse vir afhanklike (afgepaarde) groepe is uitgevoer op die verskille
tussen voor- en natoetstellings, asook tussen die eksperimentele en kontrolegroepe.
Geeneen van die primer visueel-oerseptuele meettegnieke het beduidende
resultate opgelewer nie. Dit is aanduidend van die ondoeltreffendheid van
visueel-perseptuele terapie om die tekorte waarop dit gemik is, reg te
stel. Die waarde van visueel-perseptueie terapie is inteendeel beperk tot
'n oorhoofse verbetering in konseptualisering en intellektuele ryping by
die groep wat terapie voltooi het. Skrif was die enigste vak wat by
dieselfde groep beduidend verbeter het. Hierdie resultaat is egter
twyfelagtig vanwee beoordelingstekorte. / The value of visual perceptual training or therapy, to visually perceptually
impaired pupils as a subgroup of the learning disabled, has been a
controversy far decades. This controversy was investigated by means of
seven internationally recognised psychometric tests. The internal
consistency coefficients of these tests for the present study ranged from
0,62 to 0,95. A factor analysis of test intercorrelations revealed a
common factor. Six tests were primarily visual perceptual, whilst the
Goodenough (1926) scale determined intelligence. Additionally, pupils'
performance in their first language, mathematics and writing, was used to
assess the therapeutic effect.
Subjects were diagnosed as visually perceptually impaired by an
educational psychologist and a visual training centre in Pretoria where
experimental pupils received therapy. These diagnoses were confirmed by
the Test for Visual Analysis Skills, which significantly differentiates
between the normal and visually perceptually impaired. This test's
validity for South African circumstances was determined in a prestudy.
One hundred and six, six to nine year old subjects <82 boys and 24
girls>, of normal intelligence, visual acuity and hearing, were involved.
Fifty three formed the experimental group which was subdivided in 32 who
completed therapy, and 21 who did not. These pupils were individualiy
matched with controls of similar sex, age, home language, socio economic
status and school standard.
Experimental pupils received visual therapy within a broader group
context for one hour per week. Therapy periods fluctuated between 4 and
15 months.
The experimental design was a pretest-posttest two group design.
t-Tests for dependant <matched) groups were conducted on the differences
between pre and oosttest scores, as well as between the experimental and
control groups.
None of the primarily visual perceptual tests revealed significant results.
This signifies the inefficiency of visual perceptual therapy to
rectify the deficits at which it is directed. The value of visual perceptual
therapy is, on the contrary, restricted to an overall improvement in
conceptualization and intellectual maturation within the group which completed
therapy. Writing was the only subject which improved significantly
within the same group. However, this result is dubious, due to evaluation
deficits. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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The role of teachers in the identity formation of adolescents restrained in their becomingSutcliffe, Carol Maurine 11 1900 (has links)
Certain adolescents are restrained in their becoming owing to a variety of family, school and relational factors, such as inappropriate adult role models, repeated failure and poor communication skills. Restrained adolescents display inadequate identity formation, partly because they are still endeavouring to define an own identity, instead of having reached the point of refining and stabilising their identity. Through their behaviour in family, school and other relationships they plead for assistance in the formation of their identity, especially at school, where
their plea is often misinterpreted as misbehaviour or attention-seeking, if not completely ignored. They consequently resort to their own ineffective efforts towards a meaningful existence. As an aid to defining adolescents' identity formation, a list of criteria has been compiled, using the essences distilled from the literature study. Four original questionnaires have been devised with a view to investigating restrained adolescents' identity formation from the perspective of adolescents, their parents, and teachers. By means of a qualitative investigation, it was found that: The identity formation of restrained adolescents is on the whole unsatisfactory in every respect. That is to say, they attribute inadequate meaning to life, themselves and their problems; they are not sufficiently involved in what they do, and they are bound by the infantile experiencing of their life-world in.that they are controlled by their feelings and moods. Parents of restrained adolescents tend to be inadequate, particularly
their fathers, who are non-available, either literally or figuratively. Alcoholism, neglect and abuse are common. Teachers of restrained adolescents are generally unaware of the significant role they can play in their identity formation, and need sensitisation and assistance in this area. Adolescents restrained in their becoming demonstrate specific identity formation needs, which concern themselves in various personal modalities and relationships. Teachers are in the position to provide support, not by means of additional scholastic or guidance programmes, but through their approach to these adolescents, to their teaching and education in
general. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed.
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Kreatiewe hulpverleningsprogram gerig op laerskoolleerders wat taalhindernisse ervaar / A creative support programme aimed at primary school learners with language barriersDe Beer, Anna Cornelia 06 1900 (has links)
Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaat of 'n hulpverleningsprogram die
laerskoolleerder wat taalhindemisse ervaar kan help om sy probleme op 'n
kreatiewe wyse te benader. 'n Algemene oorsig van leerhindemisse wat
laerskoolleerders ervaar, is gegee. lndien 'n leerder taalhindernisse ervaar, sal dit 'n
direkte invloed op sy ander skoolvakke ook he omdat taal vir die leeraksie benodig
word.
Die kreatiwiteitsbegrip is ook van naderby beskou. Kreatiwiteit kan as die skep van
iets wat oorspronklik, maar ook bruikbaar is, gedefinieer word. Dit sluit egter ook die
Ie van ongewone verbande tussen twee of meer sake of voorwerpe in.
Die program wat ontwikkel is, het as onderbou die teorie oor taalintelligensie van
Howard Gardner, 'n opvoedkundige sielkundige aan Harvard Universiteit. Gardner
meen dit is deur 'n kreatiewe ingesteldheid, multisensoriese tegnieke en gepaste
leerstyle rnoontlik om taalintelligensie teverbeter. Hy is van mening dat
taalintelligensie nie iets is wat op 'n bepaalde tydstip gemeet kan word en
onveranderd bly nie. Soos met alle intellektuele vermoens, kan taalvaardighede ook
uitgebrei en ontwikkel word. Beproefde remedierende tegnieke, wat reeds deur die
navorser in die praktyk met welslae uitgetoets is, is op 'n vars, nuwe manier .in die
hulpverleningsprogram gebruik.
Die hulpverleningsprogram het op die verbetering van perseptuele, mondelinge
stelwerk-,lees- en spellingvaardighede gefokus. Dit het gedurende die empiriese
studie duidelik geword dat leerders wat op 'n bepaalde leergebied nie na wense
presteer nie, dikwels 'n "sielkundige blokkasie" ten opsigte van daardie leerareas
ontwikkel. Hulle assosieer Jaasgenoemde in die meeste gevalle met leeronvermoe
en leermislukking. Die enigste manier om hierdie gevoel van leermagteloosheid aan
te spreek, is om die problematiese leerareas met 'n minder ernstige akademiese
aanslag, waarin die pret-element sterk aanwesig is, te benader. Wanneer die
leeraksie as 'n aangename ondervindingervaar word, kan leerders hulle leervrese
aanspreek en meer waagmoedig begin optree. / The purpose of this study was to investigate the success of an innovative support
programme aimed at assisting primary school learners with language barriers to
overcome these. An overview was given of learning barriers primary school learners
may experience. A learner with a language barrier will find that the other learning
areas are negatively influenced because language is essential for learning.
The concept of creativity, defined as the creation of something original, yet useful,
was adhered to. It included the idea that creativity allows for the connecting of
unrelated issues or objects.
The theories of Howard Gardner, an educational psychologist at Harvard University,
concerning language intelligence, supported this study. According to Gardner it is
possible to improve language intelligence through creative awareness, multi-sensory
techniques and appropriate learning styles. Gardner postulates that language, as in
the case of other intellectual abilities, can be developed and expanded. Remedial
techniques successfully used by the researcher in practice, have been presented in
this support programme in a novel and innovative form.
The creative support programme compiled for this thesis focused on the
1 improvement of perceptual, oral, reading and spelling skills. The need for a more
informal support approach was evident in the empirical research of this study.
Learners sometimes develop a "psychological block" when experiencing repeated
difficulties in a specific learning area. Such learners associate these difficulties with
failures and the inability to learn. In order to overcome the experience of learning
dispair, the feelings of anxiety associated with the problem learning area, have to be
replaced with a less rigid approach in which play encourages feelings of enjoyment
and ease. When learning becomes a pleasant experience, learners start overcoming
their fears and become risk takers. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)
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Self-concept amongst high and low achievers in a Hong Kong secondary schoolSin, Kuen-fung., 冼權鋒. January 1990 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education
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An educational psychological analysis of latchkey childrenRambau, Mutshinyani Eunice 29 February 2008 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the latchkey situation on children's relationships. A literature study on the concept `latchkey' children was conducted and it was established that there are only a few studies conducted on the phenomenon. However, most of the literature consulted established that self-care has a negative and positive impact on children's relationships with the self, their parents, siblings, peers and educators. To confirm the findings from the literature study an empirical study was conducted by means of collecting data from three `latchkey' children, three educators and four parents. The empirical research confirmed the findings of the literature study that a latchkey situation has indeed a negative impact on children's relationships with the self and others. The empirical study did, however, not confirm the positive impact of a latchkey situation on children's relationships with the self, parents, siblings, peers and educators. / Educational Studies / M. Ed (Guidance and Counselling)
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The utilisation of the memory box as a medium in gestalt play therapy with AIDS orphans in middle childhoodGough, Faye Margaret 30 November 2006 (has links)
This study aimed to test the efficacy of the memory box as a medium in Gestalt Therapy, specifically within a therapeutic group with AIDS orphans in the middle childhood phase of development. The aim was to explore and describe the utilisation of the memory box, as a medium for telling one's story, within the safety of the Gestalt play therapy group. It was felt that the increased self-awareness fostered by belonging to a supportive group could enhance self-concept. The research included qualitative and quantitative data. Theoretical and the meta-theoretical assumptions affecting children, in the middle childhood phase, orphaned through HIV/AIDS, were reviewed. The group sessions were described and the data obtained from the pre and post-test was graphically illustrated. The information was then compared to ascertain whether the objectives had been met. Results show that the memory box, used in Gestalt play therapy groups, with AIDS orphans was effective. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Play Therapy)
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