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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
831

O sistema de avaliação dos gestores escolares da SEDUC/AM: uma proposta de reformulação

Mendes, Kátia Regina Menezes 27 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-07-24T13:33:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 katiareginamenezesmendes.pdf: 1732940 bytes, checksum: 4923ce5d00b949ad87aa2cb09a5d2e24 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-07-25T15:04:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 katiareginamenezesmendes.pdf: 1732940 bytes, checksum: 4923ce5d00b949ad87aa2cb09a5d2e24 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T15:04:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 katiareginamenezesmendes.pdf: 1732940 bytes, checksum: 4923ce5d00b949ad87aa2cb09a5d2e24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-27 / A presente dissertação é desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação (PPGP) do Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF). O caso de gestão estudado aborda o sistema de avaliação dos gestores escolares da SEDUC/AM. É importante ressaltar a importância desse sistema e, por isso, pretende-se compreender quais alterações poderiam ser promovidas para o seu aperfeiçoamento. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é identificar quais alterações poderiam ser promovidas na avaliação de desempenho dos gestores escolares da SEDUC/AM, visando o seu aprimoramento. Os desdobramentos da pesquisa se desenvolveram a partir dos seguintes objetivos específicos: (i) descrever os diferentes instrumentos aplicados aos gestores pela SEDUC/SEDE e pelas Coordenadorias Distritais e Coordenadorias Regionais; (ii) avaliar os critérios e dimensões apresentados nos instrumentos de avaliação e elaborar novas formas para a avaliação de gestores escolares. O referencial teórico da pesquisa se baseia em autores como: Ferreira (2013), Milani (1998), Pacheco (2007), Gramigna (2002), Rabadio (2001) e Raifschneider (2008). Esses teóricos defendem a importância da avaliação de desempenho, além de também discorrerem sobre o sistema de avaliação da gestão escolar, a gestão do desempenho profissional na educação, o desempenho dos gestores escolares e a gestão por competências. A pesquisa se desenvolve dentro de uma abordagem qualitativa, de natureza fenomenológica - estudo de caso, com base em literaturas relativas à temática em questão. Para tanto, utiliza-se como instrumentos de captação de dados e informações a aplicação de questionários, que foram encaminhados a todos os gestores das escolas estaduais do Amazonas, além das 07 Coordenadorias Distritais e das 60 Coordenadorias Regionais. De maneira geral, a analise dos questionários sinalizaram lacunas existentes no sistema de avaliação de desempenho dos gestores escolares. Além disso, a forma de aplicação dos instrumentos de avaliação pelas CDs e CRs é diferente. Por fim, a pesquisa sugere uma reformulação no sistema de avaliação de desempenho dos gestores escolares do Estado do Amazonas. Portanto, o Plano de Ação Educacional (PAE) propõe a fundamentação para programar o sistema de avaliação de desempenho, além de novas dimensões no instrumento de avaliação e o detalhamento dos procedimentos para a implementação do sistema. / The present dissertation is developed within the scope of the Professional Master in Management and Evaluation of Education (PPGP) of the Center for Public Policies and Education Evaluation of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CAEd / UFJF). The management case to be studied addresses the evaluation system of SEDUC / AM school managers, highlighting the importance of performance evaluation of school managers and what changes could be proposed in the evaluation, as well as seeking to understand the gaps and indicate the Improvement. The general objective is to identify which changes could be proposed in the performance evaluation of SEDUC / AM school administrators, aiming at their improvement. The development of the research was based on the following specific objectives: to describe the different instruments applied to managers by SEDUC / SEDE and by the District Coordinations and Regional Coordination; Analyze the criteria and dimensions presented in the evaluation instruments and develop new instruments for the evaluation of school managers. The theoretical reference of the research is based on authors such as Ferreira (2013), Milani (1998), Pacheco (2007), Gramigna (2002), Rabadio (2001) and Raifschneider (2008) who defend the importance of performance evaluation, In addition to the focus of a system of evaluation of school management, management of professional performance in education, performance of school managers and management by skills. The research is developed within a qualitative approach of a phenomenological nature - case study - based on literatures related to the subject in question, using as instruments of data capture and information the application of questionnaires that will be sent to all managers of the State schools of Amazonas, besides the 07 District Coordinations and in the 60 Regional Coordinations. Finally, the research suggests a reformulation in the performance evaluation system of school managers in the State of Amazonas.
832

Proposta de Balanced Scorecard para auxílio ao processo de gestão estratégica da internacionalização do ensino superior: um estudo de caso em universidades públicas / Proposal for a Balanced Scorecard to help the strategic management process of higher education internationalization: a case study in public universities

Mateus de Souza Rocha 30 March 2016 (has links)
A intensificação da globalização tem afetado diretamente organizações e pessoas, não é diferente quando se trata das instituições de ensino superior. Desta forma, a internacionalização do ensino superior vem se intensificando e os impulsionadores destes esforços vêm se tornado cada vez mais fortes nos últimos anos. Diante das demandas que surgem neste contexto de intensa globalização, esforços realizados em resposta a este fenômeno são empreendidos, mas muitas vezes sem o alcance dos resultados esperados. O propósito deste estudo é adaptar e propor o Balanced Scorecard (BSC) como ferramenta de auxílio ao processo de gestão da internacionalização do ensino superior às universidades públicas brasileiras. O estudo se justifica pela compreensão de que organizações precisam monitorar seus processos e resultados. Devem se esforçar para conhecer seus pontos fracos e fortes, bem como as possibilidades de correção de desvios e maximização de resultados, assim contribuindo para o alcance de seus objetivos, entende-se que uma ferramenta voltada ao auxílio das atividades relacionadas a internacionalização do ensino superior pode contribuir diretamente para a melhoria do processo. A metodologia adotada para a condução do estudo foi o estudo de caso, desenvolvido em cinco instituições públicas de ensino superior brasileiras de melhor reputação internacional, em acordo com cinco rankings internacionais. A análise dos resultados proporcionou a identificação de seis perspectivas a serem utilizadas no BSC proposto: 1. Perspectiva da mudança organizacional; 2. Perspectiva dos recursos materiais, financeiros e estruturais; 3. Perspectiva do desenvolvimento de pessoas; 4. Perspectiva da inovação curricular; 5. Perspectiva da mobilidade acadêmica e 6. Perspectiva dos stakeholders. A partir da definição destas perspectivas, apresentou-se o mapa estratégico a ser utilizado pelas universidades. / The intensification of globalization has directly affected organizations and individuals, is no different when it comes to higher education institutions. Thus, the Internationalization of higher education has been increasing and the drivers of these efforts has become increasingly stronger in recent years. Faced with the demands that arise in this context of intense globalization, efforts made in response to this phenomenon are undertaken, but often without achieving the expected results. The purpose of this study is to adapt and propose the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a tool for the management process of higher education internationalization to the Brazilian public universities. The study is justified by the understanding that any organization needs to monitor their processes and results, should strive to know their strengths and weaknesses, as well as the correction of possible deviations and maximization of results, thus contributing to the achievement of its objectives, it is understood that a tool aimed to support activities related to internationalization of higher education can contribute directly to the improvement of the process. The methodology used to conduct the study was the case study, developed in five best international reputation public higher education institutions in Brazil, in accordance with five international rankings. The analysis provided the identification of six perspectives to be used in the proposed BSC: 1. Organizational change perspective; 2. Material, financial and structural resources perspective; 3. People development perspective; 4. Curriculum innovation perspective; 5. Academic mobility perspective and 6. Stakeholders perspective. From the definition of these perspectives, presented the strategic map to be used by universities.
833

The use of earned value as trend analysis tool for construction projects in South Africa

Vertenten, Michael 11 September 2012 (has links)
M.Phil. / The foundation of Earned Value Performance Management (EVPM) was the cost/Schedule Control Systems Criteria originally defined in the USA in 1967. Earned Value Performance Management has traditionally been used in Defense projects with budgets in excess of R100M. Private industry is now implementing EVPM for major projects, which are large, complex or geographically dispersed. It is the objective of this dissertation to determine whether the Earned Value concept as developed over the years to the form it is in today is being used in the South African construction industry or not. As part of this dissertation the author devised and distributed a questionnaire to a limited and targeted demographic of Project Management practitioners. The results found that the concept of Earned value is being used in some form or other in selected few companies within the South African Construction industry. While it has been recognized, it's benefits are not being fully utilized. The benefit of the Earned Value concept contributing to the successful completion of a project is being acknowledged and more and more construction companies are slowly making Earned Value an intricate part of their Project Management system
834

Dynamic Load Generator: Synthesising dynamic hardware load characteristics

Karlsson, Stefan, Hansson, Erik January 2015 (has links)
In this thesis we proposed and tested a new method for creating synthetic workloads. Our method takes the dynamic behaviour into consideration, whereas previous studies only consider the static behaviour. This was done by recording performance monitor counters (PMC) events from a reference application. These events were then used to calculate the hardware load characteristics, in our case cache miss ratios, that were stored for each sample and used as input to a load regulator. A signalling application was then used together with a load regulator and a cache miss generator to tune the hardware characteristics until they were similar to those of the reference application. For each sample, the final parameters from the load regulator were stored in order to be able to simulate it. By simulating all samples with the same sampling period with which they were recorded, the dynamic behaviour of the reference application could be simulated. Measurements show that this was successful for L1 D$ miss ratio, but not for L1 I$ miss ratio and only to a small extent for L2 D$ miss ratio. We were also able to show that the total convergence time for the regulator could be reduced by using case-based reasoning to select the initial parameters from similar samples.
835

Modèle de dégradation d’images de documents anciens pour la génération de données semi-synthétiques / Semi-synthetic ancient document image generation by using document degradation models

Kieu, Van Cuong 25 November 2014 (has links)
Le nombre important de campagnes de numérisation mises en place ces deux dernières décennies a entraîné une effervescence scientifique ayant mené à la création de nombreuses méthodes pour traiter et/ou analyser ces images de documents (reconnaissance d’écriture, analyse de la structure de documents, détection/indexation et recherche d’éléments graphiques, etc.). Un bon nombre de ces approches est basé sur un apprentissage (supervisé, semi supervisé ou non supervisé). Afin de pouvoir entraîner les algorithmes correspondants et en comparer les performances, la communauté scientifique a un fort besoin de bases publiques d’images de documents avec la vérité-terrain correspondante, et suffisamment exhaustive pour contenir des exemples représentatifs du contenu des documents à traiter ou analyser. La constitution de bases d’images de documents réels nécessite d’annoter les données (constituer la vérité terrain). Les performances des approches récentes d’annotation automatique étant très liées à la qualité et à l’exhaustivité des données d’apprentissage, ce processus d’annotation reste très largement manuel. Ce processus peut s’avérer complexe, subjectif et fastidieux. Afin de tenter de pallier à ces difficultés, plusieurs initiatives de crowdsourcing ont vu le jour ces dernières années, certaines sous la forme de jeux pour les rendre plus attractives. Si ce type d’initiatives permet effectivement de réduire le coût et la subjectivité des annotations, reste un certain nombre de difficultés techniques difficiles à résoudre de manière complètement automatique, par exemple l’alignement de la transcription et des lignes de texte automatiquement extraites des images. Une alternative à la création systématique de bases d’images de documents étiquetées manuellement a été imaginée dès le début des années 90. Cette alternative consiste à générer des images semi-synthétiques imitant les images réelles. La génération d’images de documents semi-synthétiques permet de constituer rapidement un volume de données important et varié, répondant ainsi aux besoins de la communauté pour l’apprentissage et l’évaluation de performances de leurs algorithmes. Dans la cadre du projet DIGIDOC (Document Image diGitisation with Interactive DescriptiOn Capability) financé par l’ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche), nous avons mené des travaux de recherche relatifs à la génération d’images de documents anciens semi-synthétiques. Le premier apport majeur de nos travaux réside dans la création de plusieurs modèles de dégradation permettant de reproduire de manière synthétique des déformations couramment rencontrées dans les images de documents anciens (dégradation de l’encre, déformation du papier, apparition de la transparence, etc.). Le second apport majeur de ces travaux de recherche est la mise en place de plusieurs bases d’images semi-synthétiques utilisées dans des campagnes de test (compétition ICDAR2013, GREC2013) ou pour améliorer par ré-apprentissage les résultats de méthodes de reconnaissance de caractères, de segmentation ou de binarisation. Ces travaux ont abouti sur plusieurs collaborations nationales et internationales, qui se sont soldées en particulier par plusieurs publications communes. Notre but est de valider de manière la plus objective possible, et en collaboration avec la communauté scientifique concernée, l’intérêt des images de documents anciens semi-synthétiques générées pour l’évaluation de performances et le ré-apprentissage. / In the last two decades, the increase in document image digitization projects results in scientific effervescence for conceiving document image processing and analysis algorithms (handwritten recognition, structure document analysis, spotting and indexing / retrieval graphical elements, etc.). A number of successful algorithms are based on learning (supervised, semi-supervised or unsupervised). In order to train such algorithms and to compare their performances, the scientific community on document image analysis needs many publicly available annotated document image databases. Their contents must be exhaustive enough to be representative of the possible variations in the documents to process / analyze. To create real document image databases, one needs an automatic or a manual annotation process. The performance of an automatic annotation process is proportional to the quality and completeness of these databases, and therefore annotation remains largely manual. Regarding the manual process, it is complicated, subjective, and tedious. To overcome such difficulties, several crowd-sourcing initiatives have been proposed, and some of them being modelled as a game to be more attractive. Such processes reduce significantly the price andsubjectivity of annotation, but difficulties still exist. For example, transcription and textline alignment have to be carried out manually. Since the 1990s, alternative document image generation approaches have been proposed including in generating semi-synthetic document images mimicking real ones. Semi-synthetic document image generation allows creating rapidly and cheaply benchmarking databases for evaluating the performances and trainingdocument processing and analysis algorithms. In the context of the project DIGIDOC (Document Image diGitisation with Interactive DescriptiOn Capability) funded by ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche), we focus on semi-synthetic document image generation adapted to ancient documents. First, we investigate new degradation models or adapt existing degradation models to ancient documents such as bleed-through model, distortion model, character degradation model, etc. Second, we apply such degradation models to generate semi-synthetic document image databases for performance evaluation (e.g the competition ICDAR2013, GREC2013) or for performance improvement (by re-training a handwritten recognition system, a segmentation system, and a binarisation system). This research work raises many collaboration opportunities with other researchers to share our experimental results with our scientific community. This collaborative work also helps us to validate our degradation models and to prove the efficiency of semi-synthetic document images for performance evaluation and re-training.
836

PROPOSTA DE MODELAGEM DE AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO ORGANIZACIONAL EM EMPRESAS DO SETOR METAL MECÃNICO / PROPOSAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MODEL IN METAL - MECHANICAL COMPANIES

Scarano, Tiago Franquini 25 February 2013 (has links)
The socioeconomic, political and cultural changes faced in recent decades, as a result of accelerated dynamics that characterize the contemporary global scenario, come changing routines and living ways. Inserted in this scope, individuals and organizations require constant adaptation to new realities imposed by external situations. Until then, the business organizations had never the necessity to transpose this sizes. In this direction, the impression is that all corporate proposals and actions undertaken do not supply completely, or at least not for a long time, the stability of a particular organization in the current market. Thus, all methodologies, tools and systems to assist employees to organizational management are valid, however, as the study authors argue that follows, without performance measurement do not exist management. In instead, is possible affirm that the main focus of this research is the proposition of organizational performance evaluation model of the metal mechanic sector. In order to achieve the objective referred to above, as well as the specific objectives was necessary to perform a theoretical and conceptual survey, to better set the author about the analyzed sector, as well as related topics such as competitiveness, strategic management, competitive strategy, competitive advantage, organizational performance assessment and critical success factors. For test the model of organizational evaluation proposed, launched a multi study procedure where two companies, located in the Rio Grande do Sul state (Vale do Rio Pardo). In this way, the model aims to provide a tool to assist administrators of metal mechanic companies in their decision making, while academically emerges a new instrument for analysis and future studies. / As mudanças socioeconômicas, políticas e culturais enfrentadas nas últimas décadas, em decorrência das aceleradas dinâmicas que caracterizam o cenário global contemporâneo, vêm alterando rotinas e formas de viver. Inseridos neste escopo, indivíduos e organizações necessitam de constantes adaptações às novas realidades impostas pelas conjunturas externas. Até então, as organizações empresariais nunca haviam tido a necessidade de transpor por tamanhos desafios. Nesta direção, tem-se a impressão de que todas as ações coorporativas propostas e realizadas não suprem por completo, ou pelo menos não por longo prazo, a estabilidade de uma determinada organização no mercado atual. Assim, todas as metodologias, ferramentas e sistemas empregados no auxílio à gestão organizacional são válidas, porém, conforme defendem autores explorados no estudo que se segue, sem medição de desempenho não há gerenciamento. Circunscrevendo o foco de análise desta pesquisa, cabe citar o objetivo geral do estudo que se apresenta, sendo este, a proposição de uma modelagem de avaliação de desempenho organizacional do setor metal mecânico. No intuito de atingir o objetivo supracitado, bem como os objetivos específicos, mostrou-se necessário realizar um levantamento teórico e conceitual para melhor ambientar o autor acerca do setor analisado, assim como de temáticas afins, como a competitividade, a gestão estratégica, estratégia competitiva, vantagens competitivas, avaliação de desempenho organizacional e fatores críticos de sucesso. São delimitadas ainda as bases para o modelo proposto, bem como os seus instrumentos e aspectos metodológicos. A fim de testar a modelagem de avaliação de desempenho organizacional do setor metal mecânico proposto, lançou-se mão do procedimento do estudo de multi casos em duas empresas do referido setor, localizadas na região Sul do Brasil Vale do Rio Pardo-RS. Tornou-se possível assim, avaliar o desempenho organizacional das empresas partícipes a partir de seus fatores críticos de sucesso. Desta forma, a modelagem visa disponibilizar uma ferramenta para auxiliar os gestores de empresas do setor metal mecânico em suas tomadas de decisões, enquanto que academicamente emerge um novo instrumento para análise e lapidações futuras.
837

MODELO DE AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE EMPRESAS DE BASE TECNOLÓGICAS / PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MODEL OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED FIRMS

Casado, Frank Leonardo 07 August 2012 (has links)
The main objective of technology-based incubators is to provide conditions for enterprises originating from research institutes and technology-intensive to be able to grow and develop until they reach the point of maturity and self-sufficiency. However, many incubators do not have strong mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating performance in the early stages of incubation for their companies. Focusing on this need is that some initiatives promoted by ANPROTEC are being implemented. Among them is the Centro de Referência para Apoio a Novos Empreendimentos CERNE [Reference Center for Support of New Projects], which is still being drawn up only at the strategic level, leaving a gap in the operational level, i.e., its practical application. Based on this gap, the research problem emerged: how to measure and evaluate the performance of technology-based firms, given their critical success factors for their development process? The problem solving lead to the need of researching a theoretical and conceptual framework for better understanding the subject, as well as the delimitation of the basis or foundation for the model, presented through the description of a standard incubation process that considers the life cycle of technology development and innovation, together with the critical success factors observed by the literature review and finally a description of the constructivist methodology of multicriteria -MCDA-C which also served as a basis for developing the model, which presents the following steps: identification of the context, diagnosis, evaluation and recommendations. To consolidate and test the model, it was applied to a technology incubator. With the application of the model it was possible to evaluate the performance of technology-based firms linked to incubators, respecting the differences in stage of development of its technologies, with the possibility of an overall assessment or a criteria assessment, allowing a better observation of the incubator. The model also allows the establishment of goals for improving individual and collective performance. Thus, the proposed model seeks to provide conditions for the manager of a technology-based incubator to be able to follow the development of its resident firms within each incubation step, thus providing conditions for setting goals and periodic evaluations of individual and collective performance. The proposed model proved to be the most appropriate because it represents a tool that has a systematic process of continuous and gradual improvement, routine, development and learning, focusing on a sustainable increase in personal and organizational performance. / As incubadoras de base tecnológica têm como seu principal objetivo fornecer condições para que empreendimentos originários de institutos de pesquisa e intensivos em tecnologia possam crescer e desenvolver-se até chegarem ao ponto de maturidade e autossuficiência. No entanto, muitas incubadoras ainda não dispõem de mecanismos fortes de acompanhamento e avaliação do desempenho nos estágios de incubação para tais empresas. Focando nessa necessidade é que algumas iniciativas promovidas pela ANPROTEC já vem sendo implementadas. Dentre elas está o Centro de Referência para Apoio a Novos Empreendimentos - CERNE, que ainda está sendo elaborado apenas em nível estratégico, deixando em branco o nível operacional do mesmo, ou seja, o de sua aplicação prática. Com base nesta lacuna, surgiu o problema de pesquisa: como medir e avaliar o desempenho de empresas de base tecnológica, considerando seus fatores críticos de sucesso durante seu processo de desenvolvimento? Na solução deste problema mostrou-se necessário o levantamento de uma base teórica e conceitual para melhor conhecimento por parte do autor acerca do tema, bem como a delimitação das bases ou fundamentação para o modelo, apresentado através da descrição de um processo padrão de incubação que considera o ciclo de vida do desenvolvimento da tecnologia ou inovação, juntamente com os fatores críticos de sucesso observados pela revisão de literatura e finalmente uma descrição da metodologia de multicritério construtivista- MCDA-C que também serviu como base para a elaboração do modelo, que apresenta os seguintes passos: identificação do contexto, diagnóstico, avaliação e recomendações. Para consolidação e teste do modelo, o mesmo foi aplicado numa incubadora tecnológica. Assim, com a aplicação do modelo foi possível avaliar o desempenho de empresas de base tecnológica ligadas às incubadoras, respeitando as diferenças de estágio do desenvolvimento de suas tecnologias, podendo ainda ser observada a avaliação global, ou por critérios, permitindo uma melhor visualização por parte da gerência da incubadora. O modelo permite ainda o estabelecimento de metas para melhoria de desempenho individual e coletivo. Assim, o modelo proposto busca oferecer condições para que o gerente de uma incubadora de base tecnológica possa acompanhar o desenvolvimento de suas empresas residentes dentro de cada etapa de incubação, proporcionando assim condições para estabelecimento de metas e avaliações periódicas de desempenho individual e coletivo. O modelo proposto mostrou-se o mais adequado por constituir-se de uma ferramenta que possui um processo sistemático de melhoria contínua, gradual, e de rotina, de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem, com foco em um aumento sustentável dos desempenhos pessoais e organizacionais.
838

A PREVALÊNCIA DO DESVIO FONOLÓGICO EM CRIANÇAS DE 4 A 6 ANOS DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS MUNICIPAIS DE SALVADOR BA / THE PREVALENCE OF PHONOLOGICAL DISORDER IN CHILDREN AVERAGE AGE 4 TO 6 IN MUNICIPAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF SALVADOR BAHIA

Cavalheiro, Laura Giotto 31 August 2007 (has links)
This study aimed the following aspects: to estimate the prevalence of phonological disorders in children average age 4 to 6 who attend municipal public schools in Salvador-BA, verify if the phonological disorder varies according to age, gender and social income, and check the occurence of alterations in the phonetic inventory, phonological system as well as the phonological process of major prevalence in children with phonological disorder. The sample was composed of 2880 children both gender, average age 4:0 to 6:11, low, middle and high income. All the individuals were submitted to speech and hearing evaluations and later to a phonological evaluation, in order to determine the prevalence of phonological disorder in different gender, age and social income. For the statistical analysis were utilized the Pearson s Qui-Square or Fisher s Accurate Test with a significance level of 5% (p<0,05). The prevalence of phonological disorder was of 9,17% in the studied population. Noticing this prevalence considering gender the variable found was 13,33% for the male and 5% for the female. Taking the age in consideration was found 8,9% of the children from 4:0 to 4:11, 9,48% of children from 5:0 to 5:11 and 9,06% of children from 6:0 to 6:11. Related to their social income was verified that 8,75% of low income subjects presented phonological disorder, 9,69% of middle income, and 1,32% had incomplete phonological system. The most prevalent phonological process was of syllabic structure if compared to substitutions, being the reduction of consonantal pairs the later phonological process to be eliminated. There is a variation in the performance related to phonological process as well as in statistics when the phonological process was analyzed in different gender and social income. Therefore it was concluded that there is a high prevalence of phonological disorder in children average age 4:0 to 6:11, with disorders variations noticed considering gender and social income, different from what was observed analyzing the age. / Este estudo teve por objetivos estimar a prevalência de desvios fonológicos em crianças de 4 a 6 anos que freqüentam escolas públicas municipais de Salvador-BA; verificar se a prevalência de desvios fonológicos varia conforme a idade, o sexo, e a classe sócio-econômica; verificar a ocorrência de alterações no inventário fonético, sistema fonológico e os processos fonológicos de maior prevalência apresentados pelas crianças que apresentam desvio fonológico.A amostra foi formada por 2880 crianças de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 4:0 a 6:11, de níveis sócioeconômicos baixo, médio e alto. Todos foram submetidos às avaliações fonoaudiológicas e posteriormente avaliação fonológica da criança, realizadas a fim de determinar a prevalência do desvio fonológico para diferentes sexos, faixas etárias e níveis sócio-econômicos, Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o Teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Teste Exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). A prevalência do desvio fonológico foi de 9,17% na população estudada. Ao verificar esta prevalência considerando a variável sexo foi encontrada 13,33% para o sexo masculino e 5% para o feminino. Ao considerar a faixa etária 8,9% das crianças de 4:0 a 4:11, 9,48% para as crianças de 5:0 a 5:11 e 9,06% para as crianças de 6:0 a 6:11. Em relação ao nível sócio-econômico foi verificado que 8,75% dos sujeitos de nível sócio-econômico baixo apresentam desvio fonológico, 9,69% do nível médio, e 9,06% do alto. Das crianças avaliadas apenas 1,11% tem inventário fonético incompleto e 1,32% sistema fonológico incompleto. Os processos fonológicos mais prevalentes são os de estruturação silábica se comparados aos de substituição, sendo que o processo fonológico mais tardiamente eliminado é o de redução de encontro consonantal. Há variação no desempenho relacionado aos processos fonológicos e, também, estatisticamente quando analisado os processos fonológicos em diferentes sexos e níveis sócio-econômicos Conclui-se, dessa forma, que há alta prevalência de desvio fonológico em crianças de 4:0 a 6:11, com variações na manifestação do desvio considerando sexo e nível sócio-econômico, diferentemente do que é observado ao analisar a faixa etária.
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Validação de um instrumento de avaliação de desempenho de coordenadores de curso pela teoria da resposta ao item / Validation of an instrument performance evaluation of engineers course by theory of response to item

Mello, Luciany Abreu de 30 May 2014 (has links)
In recent decades, a new theory called Item Response Theory (IRT) has been progressively studied and successfully applied in the construction and analysis of tests. The IRT proposes a set of mathematical models that relate one or more latent traits of an individual with the probability of this to give right answer to an item, this relation is expressed in such a way that the higher the skill, the greater the probability of getting the item (ANDRADE et al. 2000). This bias, the present study aimed to construct and validate an instrument for evaluating the performance of undergraduate engineers, as perceived by the students, from the Item Response Theory. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire consisting of twenty-six closed items based on Likert scale with responses ranging into four levels of agreement. The instrument assessed the technical and behavioral skills of the undergraduate program coordinator grouped into four dimensions: interpersonal / leadership, responsibility, communication and productivity / commitment for data analysis, we resorted to the exploratory factor analysis and factor analysis of full information . For the validation of the questionnaire used the Logistic Model Parameters 2 (ML2) proposed by TRI. The results indicate twenty items with good ability to discriminate the response of the individual, giving quality to items. The remaining six items, indicated as unsatisfactory should be reworked, retested and validated in future studies, as well as their dimensions. / Nas últimas décadas, uma nova teoria denominada Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI) vem sendo, progressivamente, estudada e aplicada com sucesso na construção e análise de testes. A TRI propõe um conjunto de modelos matemáticos que relacionam um ou mais traços latentes de um indivíduo com a probabilidade deste dar certa resposta a um item, sendo esta relação expressa de tal forma que, quanto maior a habilidade, maior a probabilidade de acerto no item (ANDRADE et al., 2000). Nesse viés, o presente estudo buscou construir e validar um instrumento de avaliação de desempenho de coordenadores de curso de graduação, segundo a percepção dos alunos, a partir da Teoria da Resposta ao Item. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante questionário composto de vinte e seis itens fechados, baseado na escala Likert, com respostas variando em quatro níveis de concordância. O instrumento avaliou as competências técnicas e comportamentais do coordenador de curso de graduação agrupadas em quatro dimensões: relacionamento interpessoal/ liderança, responsabilidade, comunicação e produtividade/ compromisso Para análise dos dados, recorreu-se à análise fatorial exploratória e à análise fatorial de informação plena. Para a validação do questionário utilizou-se o Modelo Logístico de 2 Parâmetros (ML2) proposto pela TRI. Os resultados encontrados apontaram vinte itens com boa capacidade de discriminar a resposta do indivíduo, conferindo qualidade aos itens. Os seis itens restantes, apontados como insatisfatórios devem ser reformulados, testados novamente e validados em estudos futuros, bem como as respectivas dimensões.
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High-performance near-time processing of bulk data

Swientek, Martin January 2015 (has links)
Enterprise Systems like customer-billing systems or financial transaction systems are required to process large volumes of data in a fixed period of time. Those systems are increasingly required to also provide near-time processing of data to support new service offerings. Common systems for data processing are either optimized for high maximum throughput or low latency. This thesis proposes the concept for an adaptive middleware, which is a new approach for designing systems for bulk data processing. The adaptive middleware is able to adapt its processing type fluently between batch processing and single-event processing. By using message aggregation, message routing and a closed feedback-loop to adjust the data granularity at runtime, the system is able to minimize the end-to-end latency for different load scenarios. The relationship of end-to-end latency and throughput of batch and message-based systems is formally analyzed and a performance evaluation of both processing types has been conducted. Additionally, the impact of message aggregation on throughput and latency is investigated. The proposed middleware concept has been implemented with a research prototype and has been evaluated. The results of the evaluation show that the concept is viable and is able to optimize the end-to-end latency of a system. The design, implementation and operation of an adaptive system for bulk data processing differs from common approaches to implement enterprise systems. A conceptual framework has been development to guide the development process of how to build an adaptive software for bulk data processing. It defines the needed roles and their skills, the necessary tasks and their relationship, artifacts that are created and required by different tasks, the tools that are needed to process the tasks and the processes, which describe the order of tasks.

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