Le California Camera Club, un collectif de photographes amateurs et professionnels actif à San Francisco notamment entre 1890 et 1915, est une organisation constamment marginalisée dans l’histoire de la photographie et de l’Ouest américain. En adoptant une double approche d’histoire culturelle et matérielle, cette thèse éclaire une gamme d’activités et de productions de ce club largement inconnu, qui ont contribué à forger l’identité d’une communauté éloignée de l’Ouest. Par son approche inclusive, réunissant plus de 400 membres en 1900, le club doit être considéré comme une organisation localement ancrée, qui se sert de la photographie pour produire un récit esthétiquement attirant et historiquement cohérent de la ville et de l’État. Malgré son chevauchement chronologique avec le pictorialisme et son ambition de faire reconnaître le médium parmi les beaux-arts, le corpus du club ne peut être inséré dans un canon d’histoire de l’art de la photographie. En se basant sur diverses stratégies de diffusion et d’exposition, les membres adoptent plutôt une approche collective qui transforme l’aspiration à la reconnaissance en un désir de légitimation régionale. À travers une analyse de pratiques photographiques, d’usages et d’itinéraires des objets, cette thèse retrace la construction d’une représentation idiosyncratique de la culture et de l’histoire californiennes par un club qui participe à la conquête d’une place légitime pour l’État sur la scène nationale. En mettant l’accent sur la dimension collective de la photographie, cette analyse montre comment sa pratique dans un territoire isolé mène à la construction imaginaire d’une communauté dotée d’une compréhension commune de ses valeurs esthétiques et de son histoire. L’enjeu de cette thèse est ainsi de réviser un schéma linéaire et étroit de l’histoire de la photographie en élargissant les perspectives géographiques, socioculturelles et archivistiques / The California Camera Club, a collective of amateur and professional photographers, most active in San Francisco between 1890 and 1915, represents a constantly marginalized organization in the history of photography and of the American West. By adopting a two-fold cultural-historical and material approach, this thesis sheds light on a largely unknown variety of Club activities and productions that served as meaningful elements to forge the identity of a remote Western community. Through its inclusive outlook, unifying more than 400 members in 1900, the Club must be considered a locally embedded organization that mobilized photography to produce an aesthetically pleasing and historically coherent narrative of the city and the state. Despite its chronological position in the period of Pictorialism and the striving for institutional recognition, the Club corpus cannot be inserted into an art-historical canon of photography. Rather, by drawing on diverse strategies of dissemination and exhibition, the members adopted a collective approach to the medium that turned the striving for institutional recognition into a desire for regional legitimation. Through an examination of photographic practices, uses, and object trajectories, this thesis traces the construction of an idiosyncratic representation of Californian culture and history by the Club, which actively assisted the state’s search for a legitimate national place. By focusing on the collective dimension of photography, the analysis demonstrates how the practice in an isolated territory led to the imagination of a community with shared aesthetic and historical understandings. The object of this thesis is to revise both linear and narrow tropes in the history of photography by broadening its geographic, sociocultural, archival perspectives

Submitted by Valdinei Souza (neisouza@hotmail.com) on 2015-10-07T19:33:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SONIA MARIA FERREIRA DA SILVA-POSICI (2).pdf: 1514206 bytes, checksum: d05e2e92e88824ab79e213761e13a8a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Urania Araujo (urania@ufba.br) on 2015-10-29T18:28:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SONIA MARIA FERREIRA DA SILVA-POSICI (2).pdf: 1514206 bytes, checksum: d05e2e92e88824ab79e213761e13a8a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-29T18:28:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SONIA MARIA FERREIRA DA SILVA-POSICI (2).pdf: 1514206 bytes, checksum: d05e2e92e88824ab79e213761e13a8a0 (MD5) / Pesquisa acerca da fotografia como fonte de informação para subsidiar pesquisas nas várias áreas do conhecimento. Universo pesquisado arquivo pessoal de Sílvio Robatto, arquiteto, fotógrafo e professor da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Esta figura insigne da inteligência da Bahia dedicou grande parte de sua vida a fotografar algumas temáticas referente à cultura baiana tais como : manifestações religiosas, populares e culturais (2 de julho, lavagem do Bonfim, carnaval, festa Iemanjá); arquitetura barroca; embarcações; arquitetura urbana da cidade de Salvador; espetáculo de dança e de teatro, que ocorreram em Salvador desde a década de 50. A arte de fotografar legou à família e à sociedade um rico acervo fotográfico que retrata a cultura baiana. Trata-se de documentação de imensa relevância que se encontra no anonimato e sem visibilidade. A partir desse arquivo fotográfico, apresentaremos pesquisa aplicada, descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa e elementos quantitativos, fundamentada na observação e análise do arquivo em foco. Como resultado, apresentamos estudos realizados na área da ciência da informação (CI) e da descrição arquivística, com proposta de modelo de metodologia a ser aplicada para representar a informação do documento fotográfico, de modo que possibilite a sua recuperação e disseminação. / Abstract-This research is about photography as a source of information to support research in many areas of knowledge. Universe researched of personnel file Silvio Robatto, architect, photographer and professor at the Federal University of Bahia. This outstanding figure of intelligence of Bahia devoted much of his life to photographing some issues concerning the Bahian culture such as religious events, and popular culture (July 2, Washing of Bonfim, Carnival, Party of Yemanja); baroque architecture, craft, urban architecture of the city of Salvador, dance performance and theater, which occurred in Salvador since the 50s. His art of shooting left the family and society, a rich photographic collection portraying the Bahian culture. The documentation of his art is of immense importance and is anonymous and no visibility yet. From this photographic archive, we present descriptive applied research, with qualitative approach and quantitative elements based on observation and analysis of the file in focus. As a result, we present studies in the area of information science (CI) and the archival description as proposal of methodology model to be applied to represent the information of the photographic document in a way that facilitates their retrieval and of its dissemination.

This dissertation is presented as the result of the master's research developed at the Professional Postgraduate Program in Cultural Heritage from the Federal University of Santa Maria (PPGPPC/UFSM). The theme oh this work is the diffusion of cultural heritage. As object of the study, we present the photographic collection of the Historical Collection of the Museum of the City of Rio Grande - RS. The development consists on the study and planning actions for the diffusion of heritage, from the recognition of photographs as Documentary Heritage. Therefore, we present the characterization of the research, its objectives and methods, as well as reflections on the theoretical reference used, encompassing cultural heritage photographs as documentary heritage and the ways and kinds of diffusion. Furthermore, we propose a discussion about the institutional activities that must be performed before implantation of diffusion actions. As the result and product, we present diffusion strategies that integrate the Diffusion Program of the photographic collection of the Museum of the City of Rio Grande, for which we use a sample of the collection, with the theme of Customs and Port of Rio Grande City. / Esta dissertação é apresentada como resultado da pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Patrimônio Cultural da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (PPGPPC/UFSM). A temática desse trabalho é a difusão do patrimônio cultural. Como objeto de estudo, apresentamos o acervo fotográfico da Coleção Histórica do Museu da Cidade do Rio Grande - RS. O desenvolvimento consiste no estudo e planejamento de ações voltadas para a difusão de bens patrimoniais a partir do reconhecimento das fotografias como Patrimônio Documental. Para tanto, apresentamos a caracterização da pesquisa, seus objetivos e métodos, assim como, reflexões acerca do referencial teórico utilizado, abarcando patrimônio cultural, fotografias como patrimônio documental e as formas e tipos de difusão. Além disso, propomos uma discussão sobre as atividades institucionais que devem ser realizadas antes da implantação de ações de difusão. Como resultado e produto são apresentadas às estratégias de difusão que integram o Programa de Difusão do acervo fotográfico do Museu da Cidade do Rio Grande, para o qual utilizamos uma amostra do acervo, com a temática do Porto e Alfândega da Cidade do Rio Grande.

Eli Lotar décède en 1969 à Paris après avoir poursuivi une longue et difficile carrière de photographe et de cinéaste. Alors qu’il fait partie des pionniers de la Nouvelle Vision photographique française aux côtés de Germaine Krull, il faut attendre 1993 pour qu’une première exposition monographique posthume lui soit consacrée par le musée national d’art moderne-Centre Pompidou. Entre temps, son documentaire Aubervilliers (1945) et son travail de directeur de la photographie auprès de Luis Buñuel et d’Alberto Cavalcanti lui ont assuré une solide réputation dans les milieux cinéphiles après la Seconde Guerre mondiale.Son identité de photographe moderne prend quant à elle plus de temps à se forger. En parallèle de cette réévaluation initiée à la fin des années 1970, dans le champ des études sur le surréalisme la série des Abattoirs de la Villette qu’il publiait dans la revue Documents (1929) lui permet de faire son entrée dans le panthéon visuel du mouvement d’avant-garde.Le surréalisme, le cinéma d’avant-garde, la Nouvelle Vision : Lotar a livré dans chacun de ces champs des images emblématiques tout en demeurant, encore aujourd’hui, une figure opaque et complexe. À partir de sources inédites, cette étude se propose d’envisager son parcours d’une part dans le réseau élargi des avant-gardes parisiennes et européennes, d’autre part à l’aune de sa deuxième identité, celle de cinéaste et de cinéphile. Sujet marginal dans le champ des études de l’entre-deux-guerres photographique française, ces rapports de la photo et du cinéma fondent, en partie, le nouveau paradigme visuel moderniste de l’époque dont Eli Lotar serait l’une des figures exemplaires à Paris. / Eli Lotar passed away in Paris in 1969 after a long but low-key career as a photographer and filmmaker. While one of the pioneers of the New Vision in France alongside Germaine Krull, one has to wait year 1993 for a first solo show to be devoted by the Centre Pompidou. Meanwhile, his documentary Aubervilliers (1945) and his work as director of photography with Luis Buñuel and Alberto Cavalcanti ensured him a solid reputation in cinephile circles after the Second World War.His identity as a modern photographer, on the other hand, takes more time to take shape. In parallel with this revaluation initiated in the late 1970s, in the field of studies on surrealism, the series of the Abattoirs de la Villette he published in the review Documents (1929) allows him to become one of the icons of the avant-garde.Surrealism, avant-garde cinema, New Vision: Lotar delivered in each of these fields iconic images while he remains an opaque and complex figure. From unpublished sources, this study proposes to consider his career the one hand into the expanded network of Parisian and European avant-garde, the other in the light of its second identity as a filmmaker and cinephile. Peripheral subject in the field of studies of inter-war French photography, links between photography and cinema partly establish the new modernist visual paradigm of the era whose Eli Lotar would be one of the exemplary figures in Paris.