In the Gilded Age and Progressive Era, evolving scientific ideas about the body and its vulnerabilities, about women’s education, and about appropriate gendered behavior each contributed to the emergence of physical culture and healthy living environments for women and girls. Decrying the physical state of American mothers, health reformers and educators promoted new habits and routines meant to establish bodily health, and ushered physical culture programs into educational institutions and private homes. Bound together by their unwavering faith in the ability of the material world to produce healthy bodies, reformers evoked the language of efficiency, of maternal fitness, and of a fallible body that could be bolstered through material objects and spaces. This dissertation provides at once a cultural history of the female body, a study of architecture and material culture, and a critical examination of the ways in which race has been historically constructed. While scholars have begun to take up the diverse threads of this story, an architectural and material analysis of spaces and objects for exercise has thus far been overlooked. Drawing on prescriptive literature, building manuals, advertisements, and images, this dissertation argues that in the decades between 1865 and 1930, scientific ideas about racial reproduction tangibly effected the design of women’s spaces. Chapter One locates the roots of women’s physical culture in the aftermath of the Civil War and elucidates its relationship to the dress reform movement. Chapter Two considers architectural space for women’s exercise from 1881 to 1912. These three decades mark a crucial moment as the typology of the American gymnasium solidified, and women’s physical culture slowly moved out-of-doors. Chapter Three examines the middle-class house through the lens of health, and the ways in which reformers and medical experts projected scientific beliefs about gendered and racialized fitness onto the home, its contents, and the moments of performance required to maintain household and personal health. It concludes with a discussion of performative health in each of these three instances, and the specialized knowledge required of women to maintain their own health and the health of their households.

Диссертационное исследование посвящено выявлению наиболее эффективных организационно-методических условий подготовки детей 6-7 лет к сдаче норм ГТО 1 ступени. В ходе исследования было выявлено, что для успешной подготовки детей старшего дошкольного возраста к сдаче норм ГТО 7 1 ступени можно использовать различные технологии (игровую, онлайн, технологию развития предпосылок универсальных учебных действий). При этом наиболее эффективной для развития большинства физических качеств является технология развития предпосылок универсальных учебных действий. / The dissertation research is devoted to identifying the most effective organizational and methodological conditions for preparing children 6-7 years old to pass the TRP standards of the 1st stage. In the course of the study, it was revealed that various technologies (gaming, online, technology for the development of prerequisites for universal educational actions) can be used for the successful preparation of older preschool children for passing the standards of the TRP 7 of the 1st stage. At the same time, the most effective technology for the development of most physical qualities is the technology for the development of prerequisites for universal educational activities.

Диссертационное исследование посвящено выявлению эффективности физкультурно-спортивной ориентации детей младшего школьного возраста. В ходе исследования физкультурно-спортивной ориентации выявлена необходимость оценки не только физических качеств, но и функционального состояния юных спортсменов. / The dissertation research is devoted to identifying the effectiveness of the program to ensure an increase in the effectiveness of physical culture and sports orientation in children of primary school age. In the course of the study of physical culture and sports orientation, the need to assess not only physical qualities, but also the functional state of young athletes was revealed.

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Body culture represents a typical example of sociological phenomenon which has been a subject of mass commercialization for nearly several decades. At certain stage of this process, new magazines of special interest were been created with focus on a specific concept of the physical culture. Their content coverage ranged from fitness, strength training, bodybuilding, health lifestyle, to physical exercise in general. The diploma thesis "The body culture phenomenon in Czech special interests magazines" aims to survey an origin and evolution of such magazines in the Czech Republic and tries to shed light on how physical culture represented by increasing popularity of fitness activities among general public had been reflected in this segment of media production. While analyzing three Czech magazines, Svět kulturistiky, FITNESS and MUSCLE&FITNESS, the thesis examines how the mass popularization and commercialization of physical culture have affected a content structure of the magazines. The research focuses on selection of topics, target audience, use of language and graphic design. Qualitative content analysis will be used to study how the physical culture phenomenon is represented in selected magazines. The thesis also gives a brief insight into the history of bodybuilding and fitness movement in the...

The object of this research is the performance of physical education of students at Kaunas University of Technology. The scientific problem is how, preparing specialists for the work activities in a technological university, to modify the performance of the physical education so that the inborn and acquired physical fitness of the students would develop possibly optimally. This encouraged to study the desires of students in the field of the physical education as well as look for a new physical culture subject model. The hypothesis of the research was based on the assumption that the programme of the subject of the physical culture in the course of the research will more influence the change of the physical fitness of students. The aim of the research is to study the influence of the change of the content of the physical culture subject at the KUT on the physical fitness of students. The following goals were raised seeking the aim of the work: 1. to analyze the evaluation of knowledge and skills of movement of the students of the KUT 2. to analyze the attitude of the students of the KUT towards the discipline of the physical culture 3. to determine the level of the physical fitness of the students of the KUT 4. to evaluate the influence of the physical education programme on the change of the physical fitness of the students of the KUT. The results of the research showed that the knowledge of the students of faculties of KUT HMF and DTF in many issues related... [to full text]

My thesis examines visual and written culture of the interwar Soviet Union dealing with the body as an object of public observation, appreciation, and critique. It explores how the need to construct new Soviet subjectivities was realised through the figure of the body. I explore the representation of ‘physical culture’ (fizkul’tura), with reference to newspapers, specialist fizkul’tura and medical journals, and Party debates. This textual discourse is considered alongside visual primary sources – documentary and non-fiction film and photography, painting and sculpture, and feature films. In my analysis of these visual primary sources I identify three ‘categories of looking’ – surveillance, aesthetics, and spectatorship – that I claim structure representations of the embodied Soviet subject. My introduction incorporates a brief history of early Soviet social psychological conceptualisations of the body, outlining the coercive renovative project of Soviet subjectification and introducing the notion of surveillance. My first and second chapters explore bodily aesthetics. The first focuses on non-fiction media from the mid- to late-1920s that capture the sporting body in action; this chapter introduces the notion of spectatorship and begins to unpack the ideological function of how bodies are observed. The second further explores questions of bodily aesthetics, now in relation to fizkul’tura painting and Abram Room’s 1936 film, Strogii iunosha. My third chapter looks at fizkul’tura feature films from the mid- 1930s to explore how bodies were related to social questions of gender and sexuality, including marriage and pregnancy. My final chapter focuses on cinematic representations of football from the late 1930s and the relationship between bodies on display and onlooking crowds. These two chapters together indicate how the dynamic between the body and its spectator (whether individual or in a group) was reimagined in the late interwar years; the body’s aesthetic appeal is now of little importance compared to its ability to constitute a public subjectivity through the manipulation of emotion, trauma, and pathos.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-08T12:58:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NITA KEOMA LUSTOSA DE SOUSA- DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGH) 2018.pdf: 5115570 bytes, checksum: 24cc9008913284a888a041f806a55db0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T12:58:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NITA KEOMA LUSTOSA DE SOUSA- DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGH) 2018.pdf: 5115570 bytes, checksum: 24cc9008913284a888a041f806a55db0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / Capes / A dissertação intitulada “MENTE SÃ EM CORPO SÃO”: a cultura física no Colégio Estadual de Campina Grande (1966-1978), tem como objetivo entender as práticas educativas do corpo presentes na disciplina de Educação Física e no Desporto do Colégio Estadual de Campina Grande, durante os anos de 1966 a 1978, que produziram uma cultura física na instituição supracitada. As fontes utilizadas para a realização desta pesquisa são compostas por fotografias da época, os periódicos do Diário da Borborema e relatos orais de ex-alunos e ex-alunas do Colégio Estadual de Campina Grande que estudaram no recorte selecionado por este trabalho. Como metodologia de análise das fontes, adoto a análise de discurso, dialogando com Michel Foucault (2012) sobre como o colégio buscava produzir corpos sãos, através dos discursos sobre higiene, disciplina, beleza e competição da Educação Física. Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a cultura física do Colégio Estadual de Campina Grande, portanto, dialogo com Azemar Soares Junior (2015), para refletir sobre cultura física como categoria de análise, entendendo que no colégio estudado se desenvolveu uma cultura física pautada no desporto, que desejava incutir nos corpos dos seus estudantes os discursos sobre os corpos sãos. Esta cultura física fez parte de um projeto político educacional da Ditadura Militar (1964-1985) para o Brasil e foi abraçada pelas instituições escolares, religiosas, políticas, e pela imprensa campinense. A disciplina de Educação Física e o desporto tinha como propósito produzir corpos saudáveis para servir a nação, através do patriotismo e do trabalho, contudo, suas práticas foram ressignificadas pelos estudantes do colégio que se apropriaram da Educação Física e do Desporto para atender os seus próprios desejos e interesses. / The dissertation entitled “A healthy mind in healthy body”: Physical culture of “State College de Campina Grande (1966-1978)” intend to analyze the body educational practices, present in Physical Education and Sports Class of the State College of Campina Grande during the years 1966 to 1978, that produced a physical culture in the above mentioned institution. The resources used to carry out this research are composed of photographs, Borborema Daily newspaper, and oral reports of former students of the State College of Campina Grande who studied in the period embraced by this thesis. The methodology adopted in this thesis is the discourse analysis, dialoguing with Michel Foucault (2012) about how the college sought to produce healthy bodies through the discourses about hygiene, discipline, beauty and competition of Physical Education. The object of study of this dissertation is the physical culture of the Campina Grande State College, then, I dialogue with Azemar Soares Junior (2015) to reflect about the physical culture thought as a category of meanings, understanding that in the researched college it was developed a physical culture based on sport, which intend to instill the healthy bodies discourses in the student’s bodies. This physical culture was part of a "political educational" project of the Military Dictatorship (1964-1985) for Brazil and was embraced by school, religious, political institutions, and the Campina’s press. The Physical Education and Sports Class was intended to produce healthy bodies to serve the nation through patriotism and work, however, its practices were re-signified by the college’s students who appropriated The Physical Education and Sports Class to serve their own desires and interests.

В работе проанализированы предпосылки для разработки и внедрения в процесс обучения студентов электронного образовательного ресурса по дисциплине Физическая культура. В результате исследования разработан и внедрен в учебный процесс Тюменского государственного университета МООК «Физическая культура» для лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья ориентирован на студентов не физкультурных направлений подготовки и слушателей, интересующихся вопросами физической культуры и здоровьеформирующего поведения. / The dissertation research analyzes all-Russian competitions in cheer sports, identifies problems and suggests ways to solve them. A model of cheerleading competitions is developed based on the example of a city competition in Yekaterinburg. The developed measures for organizing competitions can be used in planning and conducting competitions in cheer sports of municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region, Russia.

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