Detta examensarbete omfattar en vidareutveckling av ett produkthanteringssystem där produktinformation ska finnas tillgänglig på flera olika språk. Arbetet har utförts tillsammans med företaget Angry Creative vilka arbetar med innehållshanteringssystem WordPress och e-handel. I dagsläget finns många olika typer utav system för att administrera ett företags produkter med tillhörande information. Varför dessa inte använts var för att de antingen inte fungerade felfritt tillsammans med WordPress, inte kan hantera att produktinformationen fanns på flera språk, inte är tillräckligt användarvänliga eller inte hade öppen källkod. Syftet med detta examensarbete var därför att utveckla en prototyp för ett administrationsverktyg för produkthantering med produkter på flera språk. Utgångspunkten för examensarbetet var ett existerande system som hade majoriteten av den nödvändiga funktionaliteten men ett icke-intuitivt gränssnitt som kundernas administratörer hade svårigheter att interagera med. Examensarbetet har därför haft fokus på användarvänlighet och intuitivitet. För att säkerställa prototypens användarvänlighet har två användartest utförts med totalt tolv testdeltagare. Till det första användartestet användes en pappersprototyp medan en digital interaktiv hi-fi prototyp testades i det andra användartestet. Resultatet var en interaktiv prototyp som har nödvändig funktionalitet för administrering av flerspråkig produktinformation på ett effektivt sätt. Systemets gränssnitt har designats om och har i och med användartesterna genomgått stora förändringar under arbetets gång.

The entire world including Saudi Arabia is dependent on natural gas to provide new energy supplies for the future. Conventional ways for gas separation are expensive, and, hence, it is very important to reduce the cost and lower the energy consumption. Membrane technology is a relatively new separation process for natural gas purification with large growth potential, specifically for off-shore applications. The economics of any membrane separation process depend primarily on the intrinsic gas permeation properties of the membrane materials. All current commercial membranes for natural gas separation are made from polymers, which have several drawbacks, including low permeability, moderate selectivity, and poor stability in acid gas and hydrocarbon environments. The recent development of polymeric materials called “polymers of intrinsic microporosity” (PIMs) provide a new class of high-performance membrane materials that are anticipated to be used in natural gas separation processes including, but not limited to, acid gas removal and separation of hydrocarbons from methane. PIM-7 is an excellent example of a material from the PIMs series for gas separation. It was selected for this work since it has not been extensively tested for its gas permeation properties to date. Specifically, sorption and mixed-gas permeation data were not available for PIM-7 prior to this work. Sorption isotherms of N2, O2, CH4, CO2, C2H6, C3H8 and n-C4H10 were determined over a range of pressures at 35 oC for PIM-7 using a custom-designed dual-volume pressure decay system. Condensable hydrocarbon gases, such as C3H8 and n-C4H10, show significantly higher solubility than the other less condensable gas of the test series due to their high affinity to the polymer matrix. Dual-mode sorption model parameters were determined from the sorption isotherms. Henry’s law solubility, Langmuir capacity constant and the affinity constant increased with gas condensability. Permeability coefficients of He, H2, N2, O2, CH4, CO2, C2H6, C3H8 and n-C4H10 were measured at 35 oC and 2 atm feed pressure using a home-made constant-volume/variable pressure pure-gas permeation system. Hydrocarbon-induced plasticization of PIM-7 was confirmed by measuring the permeability coefficients of C3H8 and n-C4H10 as function of pressure at 35 oC. Diffusion coefficients were calculated from the permeability and solubility data at 2 atm for all penetrants tested and as function of pressure for C3H8 and n-C4H10; the values for C3 and C4 increased significantly with pressure because of plasticization. Physical aging was studied by measuring the permeability coefficients of a number of gases in fresh and aged films. Mixed-gas permeation tests were performed for a feed mixture of 2 vol% n-butane and 98 vol% methane. Based on BET surface area measurements using N2 as a probe molecule, PIM-7 is a microporous polymer (S = 690 m2/g) and it was expected to exhibit selectivity for n-butane over methane, as previously observed for other microporous polymers, such as PIM-1 and PTMSP. Surprisingly, PIM-7 is more permeable to methane than n-butane and exhibits a mixed-gas methane/n-butane selectivity of up to 2.3. This result indicates that the micropore size in PIM-7 is smaller than that in other PIMs materials. Consequently, PIM-7 is not a suitable candidate membrane material for separation of higher hydrocarbons from methane.

Orientador: Jonas Rafael dos Santos / Resumen: En estados de gobierno con sistema democrático, existe una preocupación constante por la influencia que tiene la educación infantil en los procesos de desarrollo económico y social que se pueden categorizar en grupos organizados de variables a través de las que se comprenden los resultados de propuestas de programas de política pública; comprensión que incluso aporta en la comprensión sistemática de la política por parte de los grupos sociales que se impactan con estas propuestas. Una de las formas en que los programas de intervención social tienen que influir en la política de Estado, es a través de la financiación de acciones orientadas a la primera infancia, ya sea para maximizar las posibilidades de que los niños tengan éxito en sus procesos de educación inicial, ya sea para tener acceso a la legislatura con la perspectiva de hacer cumplir sus derechos y el acceso a los procesos de accountability o de acceso a los gestores de políticas públicas en la agenda de gobierno. Tomando este argumento como referencia; este trabajo adoptó como pregunta central de estudio: ¿Cuál es el estado del arte del conocimiento producido en Brasil y en Colombia por PIM y De Cero a Siempre en la gestión pública de políticas de educación para la Primera Infancia y como buenas prácticas de política pública de AIPI? Para responder a esta pregunta, técnicamente se sistematizó una base de datos con información de tres fuentes secundarias con 30 documentos que conformaron la unidad de análisis docume... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Abstract: In democratic government states, there is a constant concern about influence of early childhood education on economic and social development processes that can be categorized into organized variables groups through which the proposals results of public policy programs are understood; understanding that even contributes to systematically comprehension about politics by social groups that are impacted by these proposals. One way in which social intervention programs have influence on state policy, is through the financing of early childhood oriented actions, either to maximize chances of children succeeding in their initial education processes, either to have access for legal work with enforcing prospect their rights and access to accountability processes, or access to public policy makers on governance agenda. Taking this argument as a reference; this work adopted as a central study question: What is the state of art for knowledge produced in Brazil and Colombia by PIM and De Cero a Siempre in public management of early childhood education policies and as good public policy practices of IAEC? To give answer for this question, a database with information from three secondary sources was technically systematized with 30 documents that formed the document analysis unit of “PIM” and “De Cero a Siempre” programs between 2007 and 2017. Methodologically, was worked on content analysis model in which lexical references and analysis segmentation categories were implemented to estimate ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Gas separation membranes are proving to be a sustainable method to mitigate climate change given the rising energy demand. Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) have emerged as a novel material class for such application. Physical aging is a major concern for the growth and commercialization of these glassy polymers. Several factors play an important role in determining the effects of physical aging for a PIM film; one important parameter is its thickness. Gas transport properties of PIM-Trip-TB films of thicknesses between 20-150 µm were monitored over 150 days for physical aging and its dependence on film thickness. Over this period, thicker films had generally higher permeability, and thinner films aged faster. Although fresh films showed higher selectivity during the initial tests, no correlation was found between film thickness and selectivity after aging. In addition, physical aging was more severe and independent of film thickness for larger-sized gases. Film storing environment affected the physical aging of multiply tested samples significantly, whereas films which were not tested periodically showed very minimal aging. A more systematic approach is required to fully analyze and comprehend factors yielding this phenomenon.

Este trabalho baseia-se no estudo e aplicação da Análise Estatística de Energia (SEA). Tal técnica é amplamente empregada nos estudos de vibrações em altas freqüências, dominadas por altas densidades modais e oferecendo toda a solução para o modelo em termos de parâmetros estatísticos. Aplica-se SEA tanto a modelos teóricos e numéricos quanto a modelos experimentais. Qualquer uma das duas abordagens descrita anteriormente tem como objetivo a obtenção dos parâmetros SEA, conhecidos por fator de perda por dissipação interna, fator de perda por acoplamento e densidade modal. Para o estudo e aplicação experimental da técnica SEA utiliza-se o Método de Injeção de Potência, sendo este aplicado a estruturas acopladas do tipo viga, numa configuração em T e estruturas acopladas do tipo placa que formam uma caixa. O estudo numérico e analítico também faz parte deste trabalho, tendo como base o desenvolvimento de uma formulação para vigas relativamente espessas, mostrando a influência geométrica na transmissão da vibração entre subsistemas. Comparações também são feitas entre os resultados obtidos experimentalmente na caixa e na viga T com os obtidos analiticamente e computacionalmente e em ambos os casos estes apresentaram uma boa correlação. Por fim, uma estrutura composta por uma cavidade acústica é estudada e um aparato o para injeção de potência é construído com base no estudo em altas freqüências. / This work is based in the study and application of the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA), which is applied to high frequencies vibrations characterized by high modal densities and the solution, is given in statistical terms. This analysis is used in numerical, analytical and experimental models and the principal objective is the estimative of the SEA parameters, known by damping loss factors, coupling loss factors and modal densities. The experimental model is based on the Power Injection Method (PIM), and this was applied in coupled structures, like beam type, that was coupled in a T-beam configuration and the other type of coupling was studied in a box type structure. An analytical model was developed in this thesis, it was based on the Timoshenko beam formulation and the possible geometrical effects were studied. The results obtained as experimentally as numerically or analytically were compared and showed a good agreement. Finally, an acoustic cavity was studied and a new display was constructed to inject power in the cavity and a high frequency study was performed.

Este trabalho baseia-se no estudo e aplicação da Análise Estatística de Energia (SEA). Tal técnica é amplamente empregada nos estudos de vibrações em altas freqüências, dominadas por altas densidades modais e oferecendo toda a solução para o modelo em termos de parâmetros estatísticos. Aplica-se SEA tanto a modelos teóricos e numéricos quanto a modelos experimentais. Qualquer uma das duas abordagens descrita anteriormente tem como objetivo a obtenção dos parâmetros SEA, conhecidos por fator de perda por dissipação interna, fator de perda por acoplamento e densidade modal. Para o estudo e aplicação experimental da técnica SEA utiliza-se o Método de Injeção de Potência, sendo este aplicado a estruturas acopladas do tipo viga, numa configuração em T e estruturas acopladas do tipo placa que formam uma caixa. O estudo numérico e analítico também faz parte deste trabalho, tendo como base o desenvolvimento de uma formulação para vigas relativamente espessas, mostrando a influência geométrica na transmissão da vibração entre subsistemas. Comparações também são feitas entre os resultados obtidos experimentalmente na caixa e na viga T com os obtidos analiticamente e computacionalmente e em ambos os casos estes apresentaram uma boa correlação. Por fim, uma estrutura composta por uma cavidade acústica é estudada e um aparato o para injeção de potência é construído com base no estudo em altas freqüências. / This work is based in the study and application of the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA), which is applied to high frequencies vibrations characterized by high modal densities and the solution, is given in statistical terms. This analysis is used in numerical, analytical and experimental models and the principal objective is the estimative of the SEA parameters, known by damping loss factors, coupling loss factors and modal densities. The experimental model is based on the Power Injection Method (PIM), and this was applied in coupled structures, like beam type, that was coupled in a T-beam configuration and the other type of coupling was studied in a box type structure. An analytical model was developed in this thesis, it was based on the Timoshenko beam formulation and the possible geometrical effects were studied. The results obtained as experimentally as numerically or analytically were compared and showed a good agreement. Finally, an acoustic cavity was studied and a new display was constructed to inject power in the cavity and a high frequency study was performed.

Introduction. The aim of this master thesis is to examine how students at Uppsala university manage, organize, and preserve their study-related information in a digital environment. It also investigates the motivations for personal information management (PIM) among students, and explores the concepts of sense making as both an activity and a desired outcome. The thesis focuses on the respondents’ experiences and behaviours in terms of PIM in relation to their digital collections.  Method. The research is based on 12 interviews with 9 exchange students, which were audio recorded and transcribed. Transcripts constituted the data for analysis.  Analysis. Interview data was analysed qualitatively with Nvivo software. Concepts were defined so that they could be used in the survey. Results. The study found that the five metalevels of PIM activities proposed by William Jones (2008) were applicable to the interview data, and that the respondents used a variety of digital tools and storage options, including cloud services, text editors and desktop applications, to organize and manage their information collections. Results are also presented in relation to Soo Jin Park’s (2011) three types of organizing and managing information collections.  Conclusion. The results showed that reflection on PIM and planning over time can lead to meaning-making and motivation for personal development. The degree of effort in organizing and managing information collections varied according to the individual values, personality, and contextual situations. The participants’ most common software for data storage were cloud services, text editors and web pages, with laptops, computers and mobile phones being the most popular devices for data storage. Some also had external hard drives as backup solutions and strict rules for discipline regarding PIM. While many participants trusted cloud storage when it came to privacy, some participants were skeptical of large IT companies and tried to find their own strategies to become less dependent on them. The majority made informed choices due to the risk of data loss and fragmentation. They had a profile of cognitive skills that included the ability to use visual messages to create unification and transparency in systems. They had a mix of dynamic and large collections of data.  They preferred to structure their files in a specific and structured system. Some preferred to file in more well-defined locations, while others used a more flexible method of organization. The majority had a one folder filing strategy. Some had file systems with a top-down approach, while others used incremental bottom-up strategies. They used a variety of PIM tools and strategies to meet their changing needs, such as using descriptive file names, splitting projects into smaller collections, regularly reviewing and deleting older files and categorize files by date. The study provided valuable insights into the process of managing digital information and the importance of continuous evaluation and adaptation of PIM tools and strategies to meet the changing needs of participants.  This is a two years master’s thesis in Archival Science.

Chez les bactéries à Gram-négatif, deux systèmes très bien conservés et essentiels à la survie de la cellule bactérienne ont été identifiés : les systèmes Tol et TonB. Ces deux systèmes utilisent la force proton motrice, issue de la membrane interne et transfert l’énergie associée pour le transport actif de molécules (TonB) ou nécessaire au maintien de l’intégrité membranaire (Tol). Ces 2 systèmes ont été détournés de leurs fonctions initiales et parasités par les colicines, leur conférant un rôle primordial dans le mécanisme d’import de la colicine. Une colicine est une bactériocine (toxine) produite par Escherichia coli pour tuer des souches apparentées. Ce sont des toxines spécifiques et hautement actives. Cependant E.coli a développé des mécanismes de protection afin de résister à l’action cytotoxique des colicines. Ces mécanismes de résistance consistent essentiellement à produire des protéines d’immunité, qui vont pour la plupart se fixer sur le domaine catalytique de la colicine et l’empêcher d’exercer son action létale. La bactérie Yersinia pestis, agent de la peste, possède une colicin-like bactériocine, la pesticine, dont l’activité est de dégrader le peptidoglycane. L’action de la pesticine est inhibée par une protéine d’immunité, Pim, localisée dans le périplasme. Le principal objectif de ce projet est de comprendre les mécanismes d’inhibition de la pesticine par sa protéine d’immunité, grâce à des données biochimiques et structurales, mais aussi d’apporter des solutions pour contourner ce problème de résistance. La structure de la pesticine révèle des homologies structurales avec le T4 lysozyme du bactériophage T4. Pour contourner le problème de la résistance bactérienne liée à la protéine d’immunité, une solution a été de fusionner le domaine de réception/translocation de la pesticine avec le T4 lysozyme. Nous avons ainsi pu créer et résoudre la structure tridimensionnelle d’une protéine chimère fonctionnelle, capable de se fixer sur FyuA (récepteur de la pesticine) et tuer une souche exprimant ce récepteur et dont l’activité létale n’est pas inhibée par Pim. / In Gram-negative bacteria, two essential systems for cell survival have been characterized: the Tol and TonB system. Both Ton and Tol systems are very well conserved in Gram-negative bacteria and coupled to the proton motive force across the inner membrane, acting as energy transducers for active transport (Ton) or maintenance of outer envelope integrity (Tol). Both systems have been embezzled from their primary function and hijacked by colicins as part of the colicin killing pathway. Colicin is a bacteriocin (toxin) produced by and toxic to some strains of Escherichia coli. Colicins are highly effective toxins. However E.coli could develop protective mechanisms to resist to colicin cytotoxic effect. These mechanisms essentially consist to produce an immunity protein. These proteins bind to colicin catalytic domain and inhibit its lethal activity. Yersinia pestis, plague agent, possesses its own colicin-like bacteriocin, Pesticin, which degrades murein. Pesticin activity is inhibited by an immunity protein, Pim, localized in the periplasm. The main goal of this project is to understand inhibition mechanisms between Pim and Pesticin by biochemical and structural data and to provide solution to overcome the resistance issue, since Pesticin was thought to be used as antimicrobial agent. The Pesticin structure has revealed that Pesticin share structural homologies with the T4 lysozyme from the bacteriophage T4. To overcome the resistance issue due to the immunity protein, one solution has been to fuse the Pesticin binding/translocation domain with the T4 lysozyme. Thus, we could engineered and solved the three-dimensional structure of a chimera protein, able to bind FyuA (Pesticin physiological receptor) and kill a FyuA expressing strain, in which the lethal activity is not affected by Pim.

Background: Receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Kit (CD117) plays a pivotal role in the maintenance and expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Additionally, over-expression and/or mutational activation of c-Kit have been implicated in numerous malignant diseases including acute myeloid leukemia. However, the translational regulation of c-Kit expression remains largely unknown. Methods and results: We demonstrated that loss of Pim1 led to specific down-regulation of c-Kit expression in HSPCs of Pim1(-/-)mice and Pim1(-/-)2(-/-)3(-/-) triple knockout (TKO) mice, and resulted in attenuated ERK and STAT3 signaling in response to stimulation with stem cell factor. Transduction of c-Kit restored the defects in colony forming capacity seen in HSPCs from Pim1 (-/-) and TKO mice. Pharmacologic inhibition and genetic modification studies using human megakaryoblastic leukemia cells confirmed the regulation of c-Kit expression by Pim1 kinase: i.e., Pim1-specific shRNA knockdown down-regulated the expression of c-Kit whereas overexpression of Pim1 up-regulated the expression of c-Kit. Mechanistically, inhibition or knockout of Pim1 kinase did not affect the transcription of c-Kit gene. Pim1 kinase enhanced c-Kit S-35 methionine labeling and increased the incorporation of c-Kit mRNAs into the polysomes and monosomes, demonstrating that Pim1 kinase regulates c-Kit expression at the translational level. Conclusions: Our study provides the first evidence that Pim1 regulates c-Kit gene translation and has important implications in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cancer treatment.

O processo de moldagem de pós por injeção (MPI) é uma tecnologia relativamente recente e permite a fabricação de peças e componentes de diversos materiais, com a possibilidade de fabricar peças em larga escala. O processo MPI é composto por quatro etapas: mistura do pó com o material orgânico (ligante), moldagem por injeção, extração do ligante e sinterização. O ligante é um veículo temporário composto por polímeros e/ou ceras e sua função é possibilitar o escoamento da carga injetável para o molde durante a moldagem por injeção e após a moldagem este deve ser totalmente removido da peça. A maioria dos polímeros utilizados no ligante é oriunda do petróleo, que é uma fonte não renovável que gera sérios impactos ambientais. Neste estudo foi proposto a utilização de ligante à base de borracha natural, que além de ser proveniente de fonte renovável, confere elasticidade à peça moldada, que possibilita a fácil desmoldagem de peças com geometria complexa e pequenas espessuras. Também se analisou a substituição da parafina, que estudada em trabalhos anteriores em ligante para injeção de alumina com a borracha natural, pela cera de carnaúba na moldagem por injeção de pó de ferro metálico. Foram avaliados três ligantes à base de borracha natural e as ceras: (i) parafina, (ii) cera de carnaúba e (iii) parafina + cera de carnaúba e estudou-se o efeito da composição do ligante em cada etapa do processo MPI. Investigou-se as propriedades químicas e térmicas dos ligantes, o teor de pó admissível nas cargas injetáveis, as rotas de remoção do ligante por via térmica e solvente e as propriedades finais como retração linear, porosidade, microestrutura e resistência à flexão. As composições de ligante a base de borracha natural e cera de carnaúba proporcionaram melhores propriedades ao processo MPI. Nestas composições foi possível a moldagem por injeção de cargas injetáveis com maior teor de pó, apresentaram maior estabilidade reológica, em que a viscosidade apresentou baixa variação em relação à temperatura e maior estabilidade com o aumento do teor de pó. Além disso, foram as únicas amostras que não apresentaram defeitos durante a extração por solvente e apresentaram propriedades finais satisfatórias para o processo MPI de ferro. / The Powder Injection Molding process (PIM) is a relatively new technology and allows the manufacturing of parts and components of various materials, with the possibility of fabricating parts in microscale. The PIM process is composed of four steps: mix the powder with the organic material (binder), injection molding, extraction of the binder and sintering. The binder is a temporary vehicle composed of polymers and/or waxes and its function is to allow the flow of the feedstock into the mold during injection molding, and after molding this should be completely removed from the sample. Most of the polymers used in the binder are derived from petroleum, which is a non-renewable source that generates serious environmental impacts. In this study, it was proposed the use of binder based on polymer and wax from renewable sources that reduce the environmental impact. It was analyzed the substitution of paraffin, which was studied in previous studies with natural rubber, by the carnauba wax in the injection molding of the iron carbonyl. Were evaluated three binders based on polymer and wax: (i) paraffin, (ii) carnauba wax and (iii) paraffin wax carnauba wax and we studied the binder composition effect in each step of PIM process. The chemical and thermal binder properties, the critical powder volume concentration, the solvent and thermal debinding and the sintered properties were analyzed. As results, we found that the natural rubber and carnauba wax binder have better PIM process properties. In this binder was possible an injection molding with higher powder content, showing higher rheological stability, which the viscosity was more stable under temperature and powder content variation. Furthermore, the samples with this binder shown no defects after solvent debinding and suitable sintered properties for the iron PIM process.