À la suite d’un crime, les victimes vont ressentir différents besoins et celui d’être informé serait fondamental (Baril, 1984). Les recherches ont permis d’établir que les policiers ont un rôle important à jouer dans la transmission des informations aux victimes puisqu’ils sont les premiers acteurs du système pénal avec lesquels celles-ci sont en contact (Laxminarayan, 2013). De plus, la perception des victimes quant à la façon dont elles ont été traitées par les policiers peut avoir un impact significatif sur leur rétablissement psychologique. Cette étude a pour but de mesurer l’effet thérapeutique des interactions entre les victimes et les policiers ainsi que de la transmission des informations aux victimes à la suite d’un crime sur l’état de stress post-traumatique (ÉSPT). Pour ce faire, l’instrument qui a été administré aux participants (n=188) est l’Échelle modifiée des symptômes du trouble de stress post-traumatique. Cet instrument est une version adaptée et validée en français (Guay, Marchand, Iucci et Martin, 2002) de l’échelle MPSS-SR élaborée par Falsetti, Resnick, Resick et Kilpatrick (1993). Cette échelle permet d’évaluer la présence des symptômes de stress post-traumatique en terme de fréquence et de sévérité. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que l’information est un déterminant important d’un traitement juste et la qualité de ce traitement à un effet thérapeutique sur les symptômes de stress post-traumatique. Une discussion des résultats dans une perspective plus globale concernant les théories en victimologie sur la perception de justice, la problématique de la victimisation secondaire et les implications pour les politiques en matière de droits des victimes sera présentée à la fin de cette recherche. / Following a crime, the need for information is fundamental for victims (Baril, 1984). Police officers play an important role in the transmission of information to victims given that they are the first actors encountered by victims in the legal system and usually the ones with which they have more interactions (Laxminarayan, 2013). Also, how victims perceive the contacts they had with the police can have a significant impact on their psychological recovery (Herman, 2003). This study aims to measure the therapeutic impact of victims’ interactions with police officers and the dissemination of information given to them on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Thus, the measuring instrument used was l’Échelle modifiée des symptômes du trouble de stress post-traumatique (Guay, Marchand, Iucci et Martin, 2002) which is a french adaptation of the Modified PTSD Symptom Scale-Self Report (MPSS-SR) elaborated by Falsetti, Resnick, Resick et Kilpatrick (1993). It was administered to participants (n=188) to evaluate the presence of PTSD in terms of frequency and severity of the symptoms. The study shows that information is an important aspect of fair treatment which in turn affects PTSD symptoms. Finally, the results will be discussed in a broader perspective on the theories in victimology about fairness perception, the issue of secondary victimization and on the implications for policies on victims' rights.

La capacité de ressentir et de réguler les émotions permettant de fournir un comportement émotionnel adapté implique l'intervention et l'interaction du système nerveux central (SNC) (dont amygdale, cortex préfrontal (CPF)) et du système nerveux autonome (SNA). Cependant, les réponses émotionnelles peuvent être influencées par différents facteurs puisque la réponse émotionnelle va dépendre de l'état du sujet, mais également de l'action du sujet, c'est-à-dire de l'intention consciente et volontaire de réguler ses émotions. Cette thèse a donc pour objectif d'étudier les mécanismes physiologiques et cérébraux impliqués dans la variabilité de la réponse émotionnelle en utilisant cinq modèles susceptibles d'influencer la réponse émotionnelle : une tâche de contrôle émotionnel, l'état de stress post traumatique (ESPT), le neuroticisme, la résilience, et l'état de stress aigu. Pour répondre à ces objectifs, nous avons sélectionné trois populations de sujets, une population de sujets témoins, une population de patients atteints d'ESPT, et une population de Marins-Pompiers. Nous avons étudié les réponses du SNA et du SNC en IRMf, en se focalisant sur l'activité de l'amygdale et du CPF dans des tâches nature émotionnelle. Nos résultats indiquent que la régulation émotionnelle volontaire a des effets spécifiques sur les paramètres psychophysiologiques, qui diffèrent selon l'émotion présentée. On observe plus précisément une augmentation de l'activité du système nerveux sympathique uniquement lorsque l'émotion de peur est induite. / The ability to sense and regulate emotions allows us to have an adapted emotional behavior towards our environment. It is regulated by an interaction of the central nervous system (CNS), including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Yet, our emotional responses can be influenced by a myriad of other factors. They depend for instance on ones' subjective state, and also voluntary conscious intention to control one's emotions. The aim of this thesis is thus to study peripheral and cerebral mechanisms involved in the variability of the emotional response. To do so, we have used five different models susceptibly influencing emotional response: a first model assaying healthy controls in an emotional control task, a second one accounting for their resilience capacity, a third one focused on the impact of neuroticism, a fourth one with acutely stress participants and a last one with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients. To better address our objective, we have selected three groups of participants: healthy controls, PTSD patients and fire fighters. We explored responses of the the ANS and the CNS activities using fMRI-based paradigms, specifically tackling the activation of the amygdala and PFC; using an emotional tasks. As hypothesized, our results have shown that voluntary emotional regulation in healthy controls modulates physiological parameters in an emotion-specific manner. For instance the sympathetic system is only activated under those circumstance when processing fearful clips.

Title: Significantly influence subjective psychological Stress perceived Factor Analysis. Objectives: The main Aim of this Work is subjective perceived psychological Stress changing comparation of professional Soldiers Group before and after psychological Stress, They receive every Day in their Job. Methods: The Method used in this Work is Research by standard Questionnaire consists of two Parts. One of Them was realised before psychological Stress and the second One was realised after the psychological Stress. Both Parts of Questionnaires was analyzed and statisticaly evaluated. Results: By the Research was found, that from researching Age, Education and Length of Service in Unit Factors, the most significant Influence on Changes of subjective perceived psychological Stress have the Age and the Length of Service Factors. After that was found, the subjective perceived psychological Stress at the End of all-day Duty have increased. Keywords: Stress, psychological Stress, Frustration, Trauma, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, peacekeeping Operation, Soldier.

Le syndrome post-commotionnel (SPC) a été proposé comme un ensemble de symptômes qui peuvent apparaître après un traumatisme crânien léger (TCL) et perdurer des semaines, des mois, parfois jusqu’à un an, engendrant des conséquences importantes sur la vie quotidienne. Des débats entourent la définition et même l’existence du SPC. Ils portent notamment sur la spécificité des symptômes (qui peuvent apparaître dans d’autres conditions, ou chez des personnes non traumatisées), et sur la validité des outils diagnostiques qui restent très hétérogènes. La relation entre le SPC et le stress post-traumatique (SSPT) est également au cœur de ces questionnements. La cohorte PERICLES permet d’apporter un éclairage sur ces questions. Elle porte sur un groupe de patients TCL ainsi qu’un groupe de patients avec un traumatisme léger dont le siège n’est pas la tête. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié la spécificité des symptômes en comparant leur prévalence et évolution entre ces deux groupes de patients. Nous avons ensuite tenté de définir un critère diagnostique à partir des symptômes spécifiques à l’aide de tests de corrélations et analyse factorielle. Les facteurs prédictifs du SPC ont été évalués à partir de ce critère, à l’aide d’une régression logistique. Dans un deuxième temps, les facteurs prédictifs des SPC et SSPT ont été évalués et comparés, tout comme la proximité des symptômes des deux syndromes, à l’aide d’une analyse des correspondances multiples. Huit symptômes ont été sélectionnés comme spécifiques au TCL. Un critère diagnostique a pu être défini à partir de ces huit symptômes. Le TCL a été observé facteur prédictif du SSPT (OR = 4,47 [2,38 - 8,40]) mais pas du SPC. Enfin, les symptômes du SPC présentaient une forte proximité avec les variables de la dimension « hypervigilance » du SSPT. Ainsi, le SSPT apparaît être plus spécifique du TCL que le SPC. Les variables du SPC semblent être proches de celles du SSPT. Il semblerait que le stress lié au traumatisme joue un rôle plus important dans la persistance de symptômes à long terme que le mécanisme subi par le cerveau. / Postconcussion syndrome (PCS) has been proposed as a set of symptoms that may occur after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and continue for weeks, months, sometimes up to a year, causing a significant impact on daily life. Debates surround the definition and even the existence of the PCS. They relate in particular to the specific symptoms (which may occur in other conditions or in people not traumatized), and the validity of diagnostical tools that are very heterogeneous. The relationship between the SPCS and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also at the heart of these questions. The Pericles cohort can shed light on these issues. It focuses on a group of MTBI patients and a group of patients with mild trauma not related to the head (controls). At first we studied the specificity of symptoms by comparing their prevalence and evolution between these two groups of patients. We then attempted to define a diagnostical test based on specific symptoms using test correlations and factor analysis. Predictors of PCS were evaluated from this test, using logistic regression. In a second step, predictors of PCS and PTSD were assessed and compared, as well as the proximity between symptoms of both syndromes using a multiple correspondence analysis.Eight symptoms were selected as specific to MTBI. A diagnostic criterion has been defined from the eight symptoms. TCL was observed as a predictor of PTSD (OR = 4.47 [2.38 to 8.40]) but not of PCS. Finally PCS symptoms showed strong proximity with variables from "hypervigilance" PTSD dimension. Thus, PTSD appears to be more specific to MTBI than PCS. PCS variables appear to be similar to those of PTSD. It seems that the stress linked to the trauma plays a more important role in the persistence of long-term symptoms than the mechanism of the brain.

L’objectif de cette recherche est d’étudier l’influence spécifique et combinée du contexte de violence conjugale sur le développement socio-affectif des enfants âgés de 5 ans et demi à 12 ans, et d’examiner leurs représentations de la violence et de leurs relations familiales. Notre étude s’appuie sur le modèle de la sécurité émotionnelle de Cummings et Davies (1994). Dans cette perspective, notre échantillon se compose de 32 mères et de 46 enfants âgés de 5 ans et demi à 12 ans, vivant en contexte de violence conjugale. Les mères ont renseigné trois questionnaires qui évaluent l’intensité de la violence conjugale à l’aide du « Conflict Tactic Scale II » (Cyr, Fortin & Chénier, 1997), l’adaptation socio-affective de leur enfant par le questionnaire « Children Behavior Checklist » (Achenbach, 1991), ainsi qu’un questionnaire de renseignements généraux. Les enfants ont, quant à eux, renseigné quatre questionnaires qui permettent de saisir leurs perceptions de la violence avec le « Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict » (Cyr & Fortin, 2001), le processus de parentification grâce au « Parentification Questionnaire Youth » (Fortin, 2005), les conflits de loyauté à l’aide du « questionnaire des conflits de loyauté » (Fortin, 2005) et les symptômes de stress post-traumatique avec le « Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children » (Briere, 1989). Enfin, le « Systemic Analysis of Group Affiliation » (Compagnone, 2009) a été utilisé avec les enfants afin de saisir leurs représentions de la cohésion et du pouvoir au sein de la famille. Les principaux résultats mettent en évidence que la moitié des enfants présentent des problèmes extériorisés et 82,6% des problèmes intériorisés. Le degré de l’exposition à la violence de l’enfant influence ses représentations de la cohésion familiale, son sentiment de menace et de blâme, ses conflits de loyauté et la présence de certains symptômes de stress post-traumatique. Les représentations de l’enfant sur la violence et les relations familiales, telles que la parentification, le sentiment de blâme, les conflits de loyauté et les représentations de la cohésion et du pouvoir dans la famille, sont prédictives de la présence de symptômes de stress post-traumatique et de troubles de l’adaptation socio-affective. L’effet modulateur de la représentation du pouvoir et de la cohésion familiale, ainsi que les représentations de la violence et les conflits de loyauté ont été mis en évidence. Enfin, plus de la moitié des enfants de l’échantillon, en plus d’être exposés à la violence conjugale, ont aussi été directement maltraités, et les conséquences relevées sont d’autant plus majorées. L’ensemble des résultats obtenus nous permet de proposer des perspectives de recherche et des pistes d’intervention. / The aim of this research is to study the influence of specific and combined context of domestic violence on socio-emotional development of children aged between 5 and a half to 12 and to consider their representations of violence and their family relationships. Our study is based on the model of emotional security Cummings and Davies (1994). With this in mind, our sample consists of 32 mothers and 46 children aged 5 and a half to 12, living in a context of domestic violence. The mothers have filled in three questionnaires assessing first, the intensity of domestic violence using the « Conflict Tactic Scale II » (Cyr, Fortin & Chénier, 1997), the socio-emotional adaptation of their children with the questionnaire « Children Behavior Checklist » (Achenbach, 1991) and then, a general information questionnaire. As for the children, they have filled in four questionnaires that allow to understand their perceptions of violence with « Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict » (Cyr & Fortin, 2001), the process of parentification through the « Parentification Questionnaire Youth » (Fortin 2001), loyalty conflicts with the « loyalty conflicts questionnaire » (Fortin, 2005) and post-traumatic stress symptoms with « Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children » (Briere, 1989). Finally, the « Systemic Analysis of Group Affiliation » (Compagnone, 2009) has been used with the children to understand their representations of cohesion and power within their families.The main results show that half of the children have externalizing problems and 82.6% internalizing problems. The degree of exposure to child abuse influences his representations of family cohesion, his feeling of threat and blames, his loyalty conflicts and the presence of certain symptoms of PTSD. The children’s representations of violence and family relationships, such as parentification, the feeling of blame, loyalty conflicts and the representations of cohesion and power in the family, are predictive of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorders and social-emotional adjustment. The modulating effect of the representation of power and family cohesion, as well as depictions of violence and conflicts of loyalty have been highlighted. Finally, more than half of the children in this sample, have been exposed to domestic violence but also to direct abuse, that’s why the consequences underlined are all the more important. All these results allow us to propose research perspectives and methods of interventions.

This work of creative nonfiction is meant to explore the effects of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder in American war veterans and their families. As a work of blended literary journalism and memoir, the author interviewed afflicted veterans from World War II to the current Iraq and Afghanistan wars, included scholarly research, and reflected on how her father's dealings with the disorder have affected her family. / by Hillary Boles. / Thesis (M.F.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2009. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2009. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

O transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) tem um impacto negativo na vida de seus portadores. Conhecer os traços de personalidade mais preponderantes nas pessoas com TEPT pode auxiliar no sucesso do tratamento, tornando possível planejar intervenções mais adequadas. A terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) é considerada um dos tratamentos mais eficazes para este transtorno; entretanto, nem todos aqueles que completam a terapia evoluem para uma melhora significativa. Uma das razões pode ser encontrada nas características individuais de personalidade de cada pessoa. Portanto, o presente estudo busca explorar a relação existente entre os domínios e traços de personalidade que estão associados à melhora do paciente que realizou a TCC. Método: 66 pacientes com diagnóstico de TEPT, segundo o DSM-IV-TR, com idade entre 18 e 60 anos participaram do estudo. Instrumentos: Para avaliar os traços de personalidade foi utilizado o instrumento NEO-PI-R. Para avaliar a gravidade e melhora da doença foi utilizada a escala de Impressão Clínica Global (CGI). Procedimento: Os pacientes passaram por avaliação psiquiátrica para assegurar o diagnóstico de TEPT. Após aceitarem participar do estudo, responderam ao NEO-PI-R e foram avaliados por médicos quanto a gravidade da doença, utilizando o CGI. Os participantes passaram por 13 sessões de TCC realizadas por profissionais devidamente treinados. Ao final, foram reavaliados para verificar se houve melhora após tratamento. Resultados: Quanto ao perfil de personalidade 71,2% apresentaram neuroticismo (N) alto, 75,8% relataram escore elevado em extroversão (E) e 45,5% eram baixos em conscienciosidade (C). Já os traços amabilidade (A) e abertura para experiência (O) apresentaram pontuações na média. As análises também demonstraram que os participantes que apresentavam o domínio de personalidade denominado consicienciosidade (C) foram associados ao resultado favorável do tratamento. Estima-se que a chance de melhora cresça 3,77 vezes se o paciente apresentar esse traço, quando comparado com os demais que não possuem essa característica. Duas facetas (assertividade e ações variadas) também foram correlacionadas com a melhora no tratamento. Conclusão: Embora a amostra do presente estudo seja limitada, os resultados apontam para a importância de se avaliar a personalidade do paciente. Acessar a personalidade é importante com a finalidade de tentar predizer qual o melhor tipo de tratamento terapêutico para cada um. As terapias breves (frequentemente administradas nos hospitais públicos) possuem um tempo limitado de tratamento, de modo que informações sobre as variáveis de personalidade podem ser particularmente muito útil / The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has a negative impact on the patients lives. Get to know their personality traits can help on the treatment success, by making possible to plan most appropriate interventions. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is considered a first line treatment for PTSD. However, treatment response is not universal. One reason may be found in personality characteristics. The present study aims at investigating the association between personality dimensions and traits associated with improvement of patients who underwent CBT. Method - 66 PTSD patients diagnosed according to the DSM-IV-TR criteria were included in the study. The patients included were aged 18 to 60 years old. Instruments - We employed the NEO-PI-R instrument for the evaluation of personality dimensions and the Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI) for evaluation of clinical outcome. Procedure - Patients were assessed by Psychiatrists to ensure the diagnosis of PTSD. After accepting to participate of the study, they answered the NEO-PI-R Scale and were assessed by doctors to know the disease severity, using the CGI scale. Participants underwent 13 CBT sessions and were reassessed at the end of treatment. Results - The personality profile showed that 71.2% were high in neuroticism (N) and 75.8 reported low Extraversion. 45.5 were low in conscientiouness and the Agreableness (A) and openess (O) factors presented average scores. The analysis also showed that patients presenting the Conscientiousness (C) personality dimension showed a higher chance of improvement (OR=3.77). Two facets other dimensions (Assertiveness and Varied Actions) were also associated with better clinical outcome. Conclusion - determining predictors of outcome such as a patient\'s personality dimensions may point to the use of therapeutic treatment options with the higher odds of success, without too much therapeutic treatment experimentation. As therapies become briefer, information on personality variables may be particularly useful

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-03-26T17:44:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 recordacoes_mnemicas.pdf: 697532 bytes, checksum: c6d3f6b1ff4b1e1dabe61e4c2a84cc44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T17:44:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 recordacoes_mnemicas.pdf: 697532 bytes, checksum: c6d3f6b1ff4b1e1dabe61e4c2a84cc44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Nenhuma / A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é um local responsável por salvar vidas, um ambiente repleto de equipamentos, drogas, alta tecnologia e corpo técnico altamente qualificado. No entanto, medos, fantasias de morte, recordações e sentimentos colocam o paciente diante de um cenário que poderá deixar marcas mnêmicas capazes de gerar efeitos psicológicos importantes como o Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT), afetando a qualidade de vida após a alta hospitalar. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de TEPT em pacientes que passaram por internação em UTI, levantar alguns fatores de risco e de proteção para TEPT a partir do registro de memórias trazido pelo paciente seis meses após a alta hospitalar e correlacionar TEPT, qualidade de vida, com recordações mnêmicas, dados sócio-demográficos e variáveis clínicas. Participaram do estudo 41 pacientes adultos que passaram por internação em UTI em um hospital geral de Porto Alegre, com idade média de 59 anos (DP=14,71). Os instrumentos usados foram: Inventário de Katz, Planilha de dados sócio-demográficos e variáveis clínicas, Memory Tool, WHOQOL-breve e SPTSS. A análise descritiva mostrou a prevalência de TEPT na população estudada de 24,4%, usando-se um ponto de corte≥ 5. As mulheres apresentaram mais TEPT do que os homens (X2=6,999, p<0,05) e o teste t mostrou que as lembranças mais significativas para os pacientes foram respectivamente: rostos (t=4,88, p<0,05), pânico (t=11,17, p<0,001), medo (t=6,99, p<0,05) e dor (t=4,02, p<0,05). As memórias afetivas associaram-se de maneira significativa (t=-2,28, p<0,05) ao TEPT, e as memórias delirantes correlacionaram-se de maneira significativa ao tempo de internação (r=0,46, p<0,001). O teste Qui-quadrado mostrou que variável clínica delirium apresentou-se estatisticamente significativa em relação ao TEPT (X2=6,16, p<0,05), as demais variáveis não foram significativas. A qualidade de vida dos pacientes sofreu abalo após internação do ponto de vista geral, apresentando-se estatisticamente significativas em relação ao TEPT em todas as suas dimensões respectivamente: A análise de regressão hierárquica mostrou que as variáveis gênero e memórias afetivas mostraram-se preditoras de TEPT respectivamente: (β=0,44, p<0,01) e (β=0,46, p<0,01). Conclusão: O presente estudo identificou a prevalência de TEPT em pacientes seis meses após a alta hospitalar e concluiu que, apesar de ter identificado dois preditores de TEPT – gênero e memórias afetivas – novos estudos longitudinais são necessários, a fim de conhecer em profundidade os fatores de risco e de proteção em relação ao TEPT. / The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a site responsible for saving lives, an environment filled with equipment, drugs, high technology and highly qualified technical staff. However, fears, fantasies of death, memories and feelings put the patient in front of a scenario that may leave marks or records mnemonic capable of generating significant psychological effects such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), affecting the qual ity of life after hospital discharge. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PTSD in patients who have ICU stay, raise some risk factors and protective factors for PTSD from record of memories brought by the patient six months after hospital discharge, and correlate PTSD symptoms, quality of life, with mnemonic memories, sociodemographic and clinical variables. Study participants were 41 adult patients who underwent ICU admission in a general hospital in Porto Alegre, mean age 59 years (SD=14,71).The instruments used were: Inventory Katz, Sheet with sociodemographic and clinical variables, Memory Tool, WHOQOL-brief e SPTSS. Descriptive analysis showed the prevalence of PTSD in this population of 24,4%, using a cutoff ≥ 5, women had more PTSD than men (X2=6,99, p<0,05). The t test showed that memories are more meaningful to patients respectively: faces (t=4,88, p<0,05), panic (t=11,17, p<0,001), fear (t=6,99, p<0,05) and pain (t=4,02, p<0,05). The affectionate memories were associated with significantly (t=-2,28, p<0,05) with PTSD and delusional memories correlated significantly to the time of admission (r=0,46, p<0,001). The chi square test showed that delirium clinical variable showed statistical significance relative to PTSD (X2=6,16, p<0,05), the other variables were not significant. The quality of life of patients suffered concussion after admission of the general point of view, presenting – was statistically significant in relation to PTSD in all its dimensions respectively, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that the variables gender and affectionate memories proved to be predictive of PTSD respectively (β=0,44, p<0,01) and (β=0,46, p<0,01). Conclusion: This study identified the prevalence of PTSD in patients six months after discharge and concluded that, despite having identified two predictors of PTSD – gender and affectionate memories – new longitudinal studies are needed in order to know in depth the risk factors and protection in relation to PTSD.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antes e Depois do Trauma.pdf: 525194 bytes, checksum: 2e6655e8a26c7524859107cb1b2f1fdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-06 / Stress is a natural adaptative attempt that mammals use to deal with threatening situations. This process causes series of physiological reactions that happen in cycles that begin and end. However, there are situations where this reaction processes have no end because of stressing agent intensity. It happens in traumatic events that request more time to cope with and adapt to that situation. Living a stressing trauma can cause the development of a Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), defined by certain symptoms that persist for more than a month. The PTSD gravity is related to a subjective situation evaluation, which is associated to the personal ability to deal with traumas. This ability is modeled by many factors, including the subjective vision of reality, related to others and to themselves, which is entitled, according to Parkes (1998), Assumptive Worldviews. This concept is based on the Intern Operative Model of Attachment Theory, from John Bowlby, which will be the theoretical base of our analysis. The goal of this work is to study the relation between the Assumptive Worldviews and the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in individuals submitted to situations defined by themselves as traumatic. The qualitative methodology has been used in order to describe in details and understand the phenomenon using data collected. As tools, two semi-driven interviews were used: one intended to identify how much the individual was affected by the trauma; and the other intended to broach questions related to aspects from Assumptive Worldviews. The traumatic situation chosen is a bus accident that happened in 2004 and the individuals were two women. One of them was present at the accident and the other one was mourning the loss of her father. The data collected were later discussed and analyzed according to Attachment Theory / O estresse é um esforço adaptativo natural dos mamíferos para enfrentar situações ameaçadoras. Seu processo desencadeia uma série de alterações fisiológicas, que tem um ciclo com começo, meio e fim. Entretanto, há situações em que este processo reacional não se finda, devido à intensidade do agente estressor. Isso acontece nos eventos traumáticos, que exigem um tempo maior para elaboração e adaptação a situação. A vivência de um estressor traumático pode levar ao desenvolvimento do Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT), definido por um quadro característico de sintomas que persiste por mais de um mês. A gravidade do TEPT está correlacionada à avaliação subjetiva da situação, vinculada à capacidade pessoal de lidar com traumas, a qual é modelada, entre outras coisas, pela visão subjetiva da realidade, dos outros e de si mesmo, o que é denominado, segundo Parkes (1998), de Mundo Presumido. Este conceito está baseado no Modelo Operativo Interno da Teoria do Apego de John Bowlby, a qual será a base teórica de nossa análise. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a relação entre Mundo Presumido e Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático, em indivíduos submetidos a uma situação por eles definida como traumática. O método utilizado foi o qualitativo, buscando descrever detalhadamente e compreender o fenômeno por meio dos dados coletados. Como instrumentos, usamos duas entrevistas semi-dirigidas: uma com o intuito de identificar o quanto o participante foi afetado pelo trauma e outra para abordar questões relativas a aspectos do Mundo Presumido. A situação traumática eleita foi um acidente de ônibus ocorrido em 2004 e os participantes foram duas mulheres, uma presente no acidente, e outra enlutada pela morte do pai. Os dados coletados foram posteriormente discutidos e analisados com base na Teoria do Apego

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-19T12:01:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Manuela Nacandumbo.pdf: 5789089 bytes, checksum: e126dca96ac1a9ef55d0ac006e0b8451 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-19T12:01:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Manuela Nacandumbo.pdf: 5789089 bytes, checksum: e126dca96ac1a9ef55d0ac006e0b8451 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-27 / The present research aimed to understand the psychological effects on young people, resulting from traumatic events of the war in Angola. The following questions were researched: what were the traumatic experiences of war that the youth experienced, and how the war events affected and impacted their lives today. With respect to the research method, a qualitative study was done. For the survey data collection, two instruments were used: a self-completed questionnaire and drawings about the experience of war. The participants were high school students of the Santa Maria Goretti Missionary School in N'dalatando, capital of the Province of Kwanza Norte, Angola. 99 students, of both sexes, agenda between 16 and 26, participated in the study. The data were entered and analyzed in SPHINX software, aided by Excel and Word Cloud. The data were analyzed in the light of the specialized literature and organized into categories. The research was submitted and authorized by the Research and Ethics Committee, under the number of Opinion 2,071,586 and CAAE: 67127917.0.0000.5482. The results revealed that the participants, in their majority, the children, went through experiences of personal suffering, of their families, friends and even strangers. They saw people killed, mutilated, mistreated, psychologically and physically tortured, attacked and destroyed. There have also been several deprivations, such as hunger, thirst, lack of shelter and basic health care. They have pointed to various consequences of psychological and physical trauma, underdevelopment, in all dimensions of life, and marked moments of difficult overcoming and forgetfulness that impact their lives today. They expressed feelings of loss, irritability, sadness, fear, guilt, revolt, indifference, resentment, grief, disgust, abandonment, loneliness, repentance, hurt, hatred, anguish and pain / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender os efeitos psicológicos em jovens, decorrentes de eventos traumáticos da guerra em Angola. Foram pesquisadas as seguintes questões: quais foram as experiências traumáticas de guerra que os jovens vivenciaram, e como os eventos de guerra afetaram e afetam a vida destes hoje. Em relação ao método de pesquisa, foi feito um estudo qualitativo. Para o levantamento dos dados da pesquisa, foram utilizados dois instrumentos: um questionário autopreenchido e desenhos sobre a vivência da guerra. Os participantes foram alunos do ensino médio da Escola Missionária Santa Maria Goretti em N’dalatando, capital da Província do Kwanza Norte, Angola. Participaram do estudo 99 alunos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 16 e 26 anos. Os dados foram inseridos e analisados no software SPHINX, auxiliado pelo Excel e Nuvem de Palavras. Os dados foram analisados à luz da literatura especializada e organizados em categorias. A pesquisa foi submetida e autorizada pelo Comitê de Pesquisa e Ética, sob o Número do Parecer 2.071.586 e CAAE: 67127917.0.0000.5482. Os resultados revelaram que os participantes, na sua a maioria, enquanto crianças, passaram por experiências de sofrimento pessoal, das suas famílias, amigos e até de desconhecidos. Viram pessoas mortas, mutiladas, maltratadas, torturadas psicológica e fisicamente, ataques e destruições. Passaram também diversas privações, tais como: fome, sede, falta de abrigo e de cuidados básicos de saúde. Apontaram diversas consequências de trauma psicológico e físico, o subdesenvolvimento, em todas as dimensões da vida e, momentos marcantes de difícil superação e esquecimento que impactam a sua vida hoje. Expressaram sentimentos de perda, irritabilidade, tristeza, medo, culpa, revolta, indiferença, ressentimento, aflição, desgosto, abandono, solidão, arrependimento, mágoa, ódio, angústia e dor