A Gestão de Processos de Negócio é uma abordagem voltada a processos que, em um contexto de alta complexidade, viabiliza a integração, inovação e flexibilidade nas Organizações. Para a implementação desta abordagem nas empresas, apresenta-se como fundamental o Diagnóstico de Processos, pois o entendimento pleno do processo analisado permite resultados mais consistentes e maior alinhamento deste com a estratégia organizacional, otimizando o atendimento ao mercado, o custo operacional e a qualidade dos produtos e serviços. Contudo, a implementação do diagnóstico mostra-se um desafio para as Organizações, apresentando lacunas na literatura relacionados à temática de Diagnóstico de Processos, sob a abordagem de Gestão de Processos. Existe ainda a lacuna diante da proposta de identificar métodos de aplicação deste diagnóstico com técnicas complementares, capazes de contemplar as dimensões de processo. Tendo em vista estas lacunas, este estudo objetivou desenvolver um método de diagnóstico de processos baseado em técnicas complementares, possibilitando a identificação de fatores e atividades essenciais para a aplicação de um diagnóstico efetivo. Foram selecionadas duas técnicas de diagnóstico de processos: Mapeamento de Processos e Árvore da Realidade Atual. O Mapeamento de Processos é uma técnica que permite resultados robustos frente à necessidade de entendimento do fluxo de atividades e informações. A Árvore da Realidade Atual não permite resultados tão consistentes nestes fluxos, porém, é a técnica que proporciona melhor entendimento das dimensões do processo, de forma holística. Para verificar a efetividade deste método de diagnóstico, propôs-se uma pesquisa-ação em uma unidade da maior universidade da América Latina. A pesquisa-ação foi selecionada pela possibilidade de melhoria no método decorrente da aplicação do mesmo; para tanto, foram realizados três ciclos de aplicação, considerando fatores como a satisfação do grupo de trabalho, para medir a eficiência e a eficácia do método, e a satisfação da Organização, para medir a eficácia do mesmo. A seleção da instituição de ensino superior como local de pesquisa foi influenciada pela relevância desta referida universidade no cenário mundial, sendo seus resultados parâmetros para replicação em outras Organizações. Os resultados dos ciclos aplicados permitiram identificar quais são os fatores que influenciaram, de forma significativa, o Diagnóstico de Processos. Estes resultados auxiliam a referida universidade a entender seus processos, tal como prosseguir com outras análises. Auxiliam ainda a sociedade, por apresentar um método de diagnóstico, desenvolvido em uma universidade, que pode ser observado por duas perspectivas: (i) a aplicação do método formulado; ou, (ii) a possibilidade de um desenvolvimento customizado deste. Este estudo ainda pode embasar hipóteses em futuros estudos voltados a generalizar tais descobertas. / The Business Process Management is an approach processes focused that, in a context of high complexity, enables the integration, flexibility and innovation in organizations. To implement this approach in business, Process Diagnosis is fundamental for a full understanding of the analyzed process, allowing more consistent results and aligning with the organizational strategy, optimizing service to the market, the operating cost and quality of products and services. However, the implementation of this diagnosis is a challenge for organizations, because of the lack of studies in the literature related to Process Diagnosis, under the approach of Business Process Management. There is another gap to identify applications methods of this diagnosis with complementary techniques. Given these shortcomings, this study aimed to develop a diagnostic process method based on complementary techniques, enabling the identification of factors and activities essential for the implementation of an effective diagnosis. Two techniques were selected for the process diagnosis: Process Modeling and the Current Reality Tree. The Process Modeling is a technique that enables robust results to the necessity of understanding the activities and information flows. The Current Reality Tree does not allow such consistent results in these flows, however, is a technique that provides better understanding of the all dimensions of the process holistically. To verify the effectiveness of this method, it proposes an action research on the biggest university in Latin America. Action research was selected by the possibility of improvement in the method resulting from application of this. Therefore, there were three cycles of application, considering factors such as the satisfaction of the working group, to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of the method, and the satisfaction of organization, to measure the effectiveness of it. The selection of this higher education institution as a place of research was influenced by the relevance of that university on the world stage, and its results are parameters for replication in another organization. The results of the applied cycles allowed identifying what are the factors that influenced significantly the Process Diagnosis. These results help the university to understand that analyzed processes. Still help society by presenting a diagnostic method, developed in a university, which can be observed by two perspectives: (i) the application of the method formulated, or (ii) the possibility of development of this custom. This study can still to base hypotheses for future studies aimed to generalize these findings.

A otimização em tempo real (RTO: Real Time Optimization) permite fazer correções, com o menor atraso possível, nas condições de operação de um processo, buscando manter um desempenho ótimo. A RTO, na abordagem clássica, requer um ciclo constante de análise e correção do estado do processo que inclui múltiplas etapas: i) identificação do estado estacionário, ii) identificação e correção dos erros grosseiros, iii) reconciliação dos dados, iv) ajuste dos parâmetros do modelo, v) estimação das condições operacionais ótimas e, vi) implementação das condições no sistema de controle. Um sistema de análise de dados é necessário na aquisição das variáveis medidas da planta que classifique o estado da operação como válido para atualizar um modelo em estado estacionário. O sistema deve fornecer um modelo atualizado que seja representativo do comportamento real da operação para que seja otimizado em um passo posterior. Este trabalho é focado na análise de metodologias de detecção de estado estacionário, reconciliação de dados e estimação de parâmetros com as características necessárias que um sistema de RTO requer. Como caso de estudo considera-se uma coluna depropenizadora da PETROBRAS, em que foi feita uma análise da variabilidade associada à instrumentação para melhorar o conhecimento da operação. Além disso, a análise e validação do modelo do processo, permitiu estabelecer faixas de convergência nas especificações do processo e parâmetros. Finalmente, sugere-se que a composição da corrente de alimentação e a queda de pressão na coluna sejam classificadas como parâmetros importantes no ajuste de modelo. / Real-time optimization (RTO) allows making corrections in process operation conditions, with the smallest possible delay, in order to provide an optimal performance. RTO, in the classical approach, requires a constant cycle of analysis and correction of process conditions, that includes multiple steps: i) steady state identification, ii) gross errors detection and correction, iii) data reconciliation, iv) parameter estimation, v) economical optimization and vi) implementation of the optimal conditions in the control system. A data analysis system is required in the plant to classify the operating conditions as valid in order to update a steady state model. The system shall provide an updated model that can represent the real behavior of the operation that wi ll be optimized in a next step. This work is focused on the analysis of methodologies for steady-state detection, data reconciliation and parameter estimation with the required characteristics that an RTO system requires. As a case-study, a depropenizer column, owned by Petrobras is considered. An analysis of the variability of the instrumentation was performed to allow a better understanding of the process. Moreover, the analysis and validation of the process model enabled drawing convergence boundaries on process specifications and parameters. Finally, it is suggested that the feed composition and the column pressure drop should be considered as important parameters in model fitting.

Há um consenso na literatura de que a aderência a um modelo de referência torna a gestão do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) mais eficiente, pois estes auxiliam na sua representação, compreensão, elaboração, gestão e melhoria. Apesar de existirem diversos métodos de modelagem de PDP disponíveis, estes métodos são ainda pouco utilizados pela comunidade prática. Uma das possíveis causas deste problema é a dificuldade que as vistas elaboradas por estes métodos de modelagem oferecem para a visualização e compreensão do processo. Não há ainda estudos sobre a modelagem de PDP que considerem a perspectiva do usuário de forma satisfatória. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo propor novas vistas para modelos de referencia de PDP que sejam mais eficazes, eficientes e satisfatórias no atendimento aos propósitos dos usuários de modelos de referência de PDP, em comparação com as vistas existentes. Para isso foram desenvolvidos dois protótipos de modelos de referência de PDP, um com novas vistas propostas, de caráter analógico, e um com vistas existentes, baseadas em fluxo de atividades com ligações lógicas. Esses protótipos foram submetidos a testes de usabilidade. Os resultados mostram que as vistas propostas foram mais eficazes, eficientes e satisfatórias para a maioria dos propósitos analisados. Conclui-se que vistas analógicas podem ser mais adequadas para a representação de modelos de referência de PDP, em relação às vistas existentes baseadas em fluxo lógico de atividades. / There is a consensus in the literature that adherence to a reference model makes product development (PD) process managing more efficient, because reference models support the representation, understanding, design and improvement of these processes. Although a variety of modeling methods are available, they are still not intensively used by the practical community. One of the possible reasons for this problem is the difficulty offered to process visualization and comprehension by views elaborated though these modeling methods. There is still a gap on the literature with respect to studies on PD reference models that consider the user perspective. This research aims to propose new views for PD reference models, which can be more effective, efficient and satisfactory than the existing ones regarding the purposes of PD reference models users. For this end, two reference models prototypes were developed, one of them with new analogic views, and another with existing activity network-based views. These prototypes were tested for usability. The results show that the proposed views were more effective, efficient and satisfactory than the traditional ones for most analyzed purposes. The conclusion is that analogic views can be more suitable to satisfy the purposes of users of PD reference models than activity network-based views.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-22T14:18:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT Leonardo de Jesus Loura Fagundes 2.pdf: 5996831 bytes, checksum: c041817b54be97700498c2e24d952735 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-08-28T17:07:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT Leonardo de Jesus Loura Fagundes 2.pdf: 5996831 bytes, checksum: c041817b54be97700498c2e24d952735 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-28T17:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT Leonardo de Jesus Loura Fagundes 2.pdf: 5996831 bytes, checksum: c041817b54be97700498c2e24d952735 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-01 / A presente pesquisa objetivou padronizar o processo de Marketing das bibliotecas escolares (BEs) do Colégio Pedro II (CPII) à luz da engenharia de processos de negócios sob o viés das ferramentas de qualidades Diagrama de Ishikawa e Matriz SWOT. Para tanto, escolheu-se o ciclo de vida de Kirchmer como parâmetro para a modelagem dos processos nas BEs, assim como utilizou-se de uma metodologia mais participativa, conhecida como pesquisa-ação. Lançou-se mão de alguns instrumentos de coleta de dados, tais como: questionário; entrevista; reuniões; e grupo de trabalho. A modelagem do processo selecionado foi realizada via software Bizagi, cuja metodologia é Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). Fez-se a análise dos dados do processo de Marketing no estado atual (As Is) e uma prospecção futura do estado desejado (To Be). Conquanto, utilizou-se dos instrumentos de qualidade para averiguação do estado atual do processo escolhido. Por fim, propôs-se a implementação do deste processo, com ênfase em projetos, a todas as BEs, com a subdivisão de projetos de cunho "permanente" e "itinerante", de forma a dar maior visibilidade a quem serve - os agentes sociais de transformação - e a quem é servido. Conclui-se que o processo em questão é insipiente e incipiente dentre os processos identificados nas BEs do CPII e as do Brasil, demandando mais esforços para a sua consecução efetiva e servindo de modelo para outras unidades de informação. / This study aimed to analyze the process of Marketing of the school libraries (BEs) of the Colégio Pedro II (CPII) in the light of Engineering Business Processes under the bias of quality tools Ishikawa Diagram and SWOT Matrix. Therefore, the Kirchmer life cycle was chosen as a parameter for the modeling of processes in BEs, and a more participatory methodology known as action-research was used. This study employed some data collection tools such as the questionnaire, interview, meetings, and working group. The review of the applied literature was developed through influences of best practices under a foreign national scope, following precepts of bibliographic and documentary level research. The modeling of the selected process was carried out through software Bizagi, the methodology in which is Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). There was an analysis of data from the Marketing process in the current state (As Is) and a future prospect of the desired state (To Be). However, the both quality instruments were used to investigate the current state of the choosen process. Finally, the implementation of the Marketing process, with an enphasis on projects, to all BEs work, with the subdivision of "permanent" and "itinerant" projects, in order to give greater visibility to those who serve - social processing agents - and those who are served. It was concluded that the process in question is incipient and very limit from the processes identified in the BEs of CPII and other information units in Brazil, demanding more efforts for their effective achievement and serving as a model for other librarys.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-07-19T11:05:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gilmar Teixeira Junior - 2017.pdf: 6982787 bytes, checksum: c52c456e0cb8184f1f7144d862bff726 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-07-19T11:05:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gilmar Teixeira Junior - 2017.pdf: 6982787 bytes, checksum: c52c456e0cb8184f1f7144d862bff726 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T11:05:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gilmar Teixeira Junior - 2017.pdf: 6982787 bytes, checksum: c52c456e0cb8184f1f7144d862bff726 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-03 / Storing information in large data repositories (Big Data) creates opportunities for Organizations to use Process Mining techniques to extract knowledge about the performance and actual flow of their processes of business. One of the fundamental elements for achieving this objective is the relationship between process modeling languages, process event logging (logs) and Process Mining algorithms. In this work, comparisons were made between three languages (BPMN, Petri Nets and YAWL) which are usually used to model business processes with respect to their capabilities of use in Process Mining, especially in Process Discovery. The models created were based on typical Workflow patterns and five scenarios were simulated for each language using three Process Discovery algorithms (Alpha, Heuristic Miner and ILP Miner). The results indicate that the choice of the language used in the modeling and in recording of the business processes influences the quality of the results obtained by the Process Discovery algorithms. This work also presents suggestions for the development of process modeling languages and process mining algorithms. / O armazenamento das informações em grandes repositórios de dados (Big Data) geram oportunidades para que as Organizações utilizem técnicas de Mineração de Processos (Process Mining) para extrair conhecimento sobre o desempenho e o fluxo real de seus processos de negócio. Um dos elementos fundamentais para que este objetivo seja alcançado está na relação entre as linguagens de modelagem de processos, o registro dos eventos de processo (logs) e os algoritmos de Mineração de Processos. Neste trabalho, foram realizadas comparações entre três linguagens (BPMN, Redes de Petri e YAWL) normalmente utilizadas para modelar processos de negócio com respeito a suas capacidades de utilização na Mineração de Processos, em especial, na Descoberta de Processos. Os modelos criados foram baseados em padrões típicos de Workflow e cinco cenários foram simulados para cada linguagem utilizando três algoritmos de Descoberta de Processos (Alpha, Heuristic Miner e ILP Miner). Os resultados indicam que a escolha da linguagem utilizada na modelagem e no registro dos processos de negócio influencia na qualidade dos resultados obtidos pelos algoritmos de Descoberta de Processos. O trabalho também apresenta sugestões para o desenvolvimento das linguagens de modelagem de processos e dos algoritmos de Mineração de Processos.

Há um consenso na literatura de que a aderência a um modelo de referência torna a gestão do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) mais eficiente, pois estes auxiliam na sua representação, compreensão, elaboração, gestão e melhoria. Apesar de existirem diversos métodos de modelagem de PDP disponíveis, estes métodos são ainda pouco utilizados pela comunidade prática. Uma das possíveis causas deste problema é a dificuldade que as vistas elaboradas por estes métodos de modelagem oferecem para a visualização e compreensão do processo. Não há ainda estudos sobre a modelagem de PDP que considerem a perspectiva do usuário de forma satisfatória. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo propor novas vistas para modelos de referencia de PDP que sejam mais eficazes, eficientes e satisfatórias no atendimento aos propósitos dos usuários de modelos de referência de PDP, em comparação com as vistas existentes. Para isso foram desenvolvidos dois protótipos de modelos de referência de PDP, um com novas vistas propostas, de caráter analógico, e um com vistas existentes, baseadas em fluxo de atividades com ligações lógicas. Esses protótipos foram submetidos a testes de usabilidade. Os resultados mostram que as vistas propostas foram mais eficazes, eficientes e satisfatórias para a maioria dos propósitos analisados. Conclui-se que vistas analógicas podem ser mais adequadas para a representação de modelos de referência de PDP, em relação às vistas existentes baseadas em fluxo lógico de atividades. / There is a consensus in the literature that adherence to a reference model makes product development (PD) process managing more efficient, because reference models support the representation, understanding, design and improvement of these processes. Although a variety of modeling methods are available, they are still not intensively used by the practical community. One of the possible reasons for this problem is the difficulty offered to process visualization and comprehension by views elaborated though these modeling methods. There is still a gap on the literature with respect to studies on PD reference models that consider the user perspective. This research aims to propose new views for PD reference models, which can be more effective, efficient and satisfactory than the existing ones regarding the purposes of PD reference models users. For this end, two reference models prototypes were developed, one of them with new analogic views, and another with existing activity network-based views. These prototypes were tested for usability. The results show that the proposed views were more effective, efficient and satisfactory than the traditional ones for most analyzed purposes. The conclusion is that analogic views can be more suitable to satisfy the purposes of users of PD reference models than activity network-based views.

A definição de zonas de manejo no contexto da agricultura de precisão requer muitas etapas, desde a coleta de dados até a avaliação dos mapas. No entanto, existe diferente número de etapas, ferramentas, métodos, algoritmos e softwares usados, apresentadas pelos pesquisadores. Neste contexto, o objetivo do trabalho é propor um modelo de referência para o processo de definição de zonas de manejo em agricultura de precisão. O modelo de referência proposto para o processo de está dividido em algumas etapas observadas na maioria dos trabalhos analisados. A Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) foi utilizada para formalizar o modelo de referência composto dos cinco subprocessos: coleta de dados, seleção de atributos, filtragem de dados, agrupamento e avaliação dos mapas. Adicionalmente são apresentadas as atividades, os fluxos e desvios de cada subprocesso, apresentando os conceitos, pré-requisitos e limitações dos métodos aplicáveis em cada uma das atividades, além de apresentar possíveis variações na execução das atividades, ampliando as opções disponíveis para a definição de zonas de manejo. Um estudo de caso é apresentado para avaliar a aplicabilidade do modelo de referência proposto, descrevendo a utilização dos subprocessos e atividades propostas. A BPMN mostrou ser adequada para representar os subprocessos, atividades, fluxos e desvios do processo. O estudo de caso comprovou a aplicabilidade do modelo proposto, através de seu uso em um talhão contendo diferentes grades amostrais, erros de coleta e pares de atributos com forte correlação, enfatizando a importância das atividades propostas. Por fim o modelo de referência proposto foi capaz de gerar um conjunto de mapas de zonas de manejo e indicar o mapa mais adequado aos objetivos da agricultura de precisão. / Management zone delineation in the context of precision agriculture requires many steps, from data collection to management zone maps evaluation. However, there are different numbers of steps shown by researchers, besides tools, methods, algorithms and software used. In this context, the aim of this work is to propose a reference model process for management zone delineation in precision agriculture. The proposed reference model process is divided into some steps observed in most of the works analyzed. Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) was used to formalize the reference model composed of the five subprocesses: data collection, feature selection, data filtering, clustering and maps evaluation. In addition, the model presents activities, flows and gateways for each subprocess, presenting concepts, prerequisites, limitations of the applicable methods for each activity and possible variations to the implementation of the activities, increasing the options available for management zone delineation. A case study is presented to evaluate the applicability of the reference model proposed, describing the use of the subprocesses and activities proposed. The BPMN showed to be adequate to represent subprocess, activities, flows and gateways of the process. The case study demonstrated the applicability of the model proposed through its use in a field with different sample grids, errors from collection and strong correlation between pairs of attributes, emphasizing the importance of the activities proposed. Finally, the model proposed was able to generate a set of management zone maps and to indicate the most appropriate for precision agriculture objectives.

ERP system has shaped the way modern organisations design, control, and execute business processes. It has not only paved the way for efficient use of organisational resources but also offered the opportunity to utilise data logged in the system for ensuring internal control. The key contribution of this research is that it has resulted in a method which can practically be employed by internal auditors for measuring internal fraud risk of business organisations with ERP systems, by utilising process mining technique and evidential reasoning in the form of Bayesian theorem, in a much more effective way compared to conventional frequentist method. The other significant contribution is that it has paved the way for combining process mining technique and evidential reasoning in addressing problems prevalent within organisational contexts. This research has contributed in developing IS theories for design and action especially in the area of soft systems methodology as it has relied on business process modelling in addressing the issue of internal fraud risk. The chosen method has contributed in facilitating incorporation of design science method in problem solving. Researchers have focused on applying data mining techniques within organisational contexts for extracting valuable information. Process mining is a comparatively new technique which allows business processes to be analysed based on event logs. Analysis of business processes can be useful for organisations not only for attaining greater efficiency but also for ensuring internal control inside the organisation. Large organisations have various measures in place for ensuring internal control. Measuring the risk of fraud within a business process is an important practice for preventing fraud as accurate measurement of fraud risk provides business experts with the opportunity to comprehend the extent of the problem. Business experts, such as internal auditors, still heavily rely upon conventional methods for measuring internal fraud risk way by of random check of process compliance. Organisations with ERP systems in place can avail themselves of the opportunity to use event logs for extending the scope of assessing process conformance. This has not been put into practice as there is a lack of well researched methods which can allow event logs to be utilised for enhancing internal control. This research can be proved to be useful for practitioners as it has developed a method for measuring internal fraud risk within organisations. This research aimed to utilise process mining technique that allows business experts to exert greater control over business process execution by allowing the internal fraud risk to be measured effectively. A method has been developed for measuring internal fraud risk of business originations with ERP systems by using process mining and Bayesian theorem. In this method, rate of process deviation is calculated by conducting process mining on relevant logs of events and then that process deviation rate is applied in Bayesian theorem along with historic internal fraud risk rate and process deviation rate calculated manually for arriving at a revised internal fraud risk rate. Bayesian theorem has been relied upon for the purpose of developing this new method as it allows evidential reasoning to be incorporated. The method has been developed as a Design Science Research Method (DSRM) artefact by conducting three case-studies. Data has been collected from three case companies, operating in readymade garments manufacturing industry, pharmaceuticals industry, and aviation industry, regarding their procurement process for conducting process mining. The revised internal fraud risk rates were then evaluated by considering the feedback received from respective business experts of each of the case company. The proposed method is beneficial as it has paved the way for practitioners to utilise process mining using a soft system methodology. The developed method is of immense significance as it has contributed in the field of business intelligence and analytics (BI&A) and the big data analytics which have become significantly important to both academics and practitioners over the past couple of decades.

Organizational failure in Christian schools is a common phenomenon affecting millions of families in the United States. In the past 2 decades alone, more than 200 Christian schools closed each year; and many continued to struggle for survival. This trend presented significant challenge for the sustainability of faith-based schools that serve over 10% of grade-level students in the country. The purpose of this study was to examine internal and external factors impacting the performance of Christian schools and analyze existing theories of institutional effectiveness leading to the development of a sustainable framework. The research question addressed what type of organizational change and performance improvement model is suitable for Christian schools. A total of 32 participants from 5 schools with roles varying from students, alumni, parents, teachers, administrators, board members, and industry experts were interviewed using purposeful sampling method based on their demonstrated leadership capacities. Grounded theory was used for data analysis in categorizing responses using keywords, and synthesizing functional themes that lead to generate the theoretical framework. The result of the study was manifested as The CONCORD Model, featuring an integration of the core attributes of efficacy including academic excellence, visionary leadership, streamlined business processes, socio-cultural diversity, dynamic resource development, and community outreach and networking initiatives. The outcome of the study fills a void in existing literature by presenting a sustainable model for organizational leadership, strategic management, and efficient operations for Christian schools. The model can also be extended to serve transformational initiatives in related nonprofit institutions to impart positive social change and a brighter future for communities that value faith-based education and service for the common good.

The study was conducted in Jönköping County Chamber of fibrillation and is about change and improvement of process modeling technology. The process for treating patients with fibrillation is in the need to evolve and improve. In order to develop the care they needed a current state description which usually is made with the traditional process modeling tool. Many scientists and health professionals is in the opinion that this technology gives a too rigid image to describe the care processes. It also does not sufficiently take into account the human aspects. This reasoning suggests that the process modeling technology in healthcare is in the need to develop multiple perspectives. We have therefore studied Morgan’s organizational metaphors to find such perspectives. These have provided an input to the two approaches by which, if they are used for process modeling, could respond to the health care needs. The purpose of this paper is to examine the modeling of flows in health care, if based on Morgan's organizational metaphors, can describe and convey new approaches to the care process. By this we hope to develop a new technique to model health care processes, which in addition will contribute to make visible improvement in the organization. We have conducted a qualitative study where we from Gareth Morgan's organizational metaphors have created three models to be equal for each metaphor: Machine, Organism and the Brain. Based on a specific patient in the fibrillation process, we created different stories of the events. The stories visualized the characteristics important to describe in each model. We later on made a symbol corresponding list of these important components. The symbols were merged which then created the final model. To collect qualitative empirical data, we then tested the models in the organization that are in the process, Jönköping County Council. We held a workshop because we felt that this gave the best room for participants to have open discussions about how they perceive the models. They also pointed out the strengths and weaknesses. The participants consisted of various health care actors with mixed skills. One in every discipline; physicians, care developers, nurses and medical secretaries. The result was three models. One describes the process according to the machine metaphor, another to the organism metaphor and the third according to the brain metaphor. These were presented at the workshop and resulted in discussions and reflections which mirrored the intended metaphor. The discussions also led to that various problems and solutions related to the different metaphors became visible. All models have achieved its objective to produce the picture of organizational complexity in health care. We can therefore conclude that they also made a contribution, not only for those who work with the modeling tool, but also to those that will receive them. Least suited for modeling the process of care enforcement is the brain model. But it does fill a purpose as a tool for modeling the learning process in health care. This study demonstrates the importance of developing technology for process modeling in health care. The new approaches reflected on new problems and proposals for standardizations. Standardization is not only in need to focus on internal communication structure but also on the placement of functions and knowledge. / Studien genomfördes på Jönköpings läns Landstings avdelning för hjärtflimmer och hand-lar om förändring och förbättring av processmodelleringstekniken. Processen för att be-handla patienter med förmaksflimmer var i behov av att utvecklas och förbättras. För att utveckla vården behövde de en nulägesbeskrivning som vanligtvis görs med ett traditionellt processmodelleringsverktyg. Många forskare och sjukvårdare anser att denna teknik ger en alltför stel bild för att beskri-va vårdprocesser. Den tar heller inte tillräcklig hänsyn till de mänskliga aspekterna. Detta resonemang tyder på att processmodelleringstekniken i vården är i behov av att utveckla flera olika perspektiv. Vi har därför studerat Morgans organisationsmetaforer för att hitta sådana perspektiv. Dessa har bidragit till två modelleringsmetoder som, om de används för processmodellering, skulle kunna svara på det hälso- och sjukvården behöver.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om modelleringar av vårdprocesser, baserade på Morgans organisationsmetaforer, kan beskriva och förmedla nya synsätt. Genom detta hoppas vi kunna utveckla en ny teknik för att modellera processer i hälsovård, vilken dess-utom kan bidra till att synliggöra förbättringar i organisationen. Vi har genomfört en kvali-tativ studie där vi från Gareth Morgans organisationsmetaforer har skapat tre modeller som speglar avsedd metafor: Maskin, Organism och Hjärna.Baserat på en patient i flimmerprocessen har vi skapat olika berättelser om händelserna. Berättelserna synliggjorde komponenter som var viktiga för att beskriva varje modell. Efter det gjordes en symbolförteckning motsvarande dessa viktiga komponenter. Symbolerna sammanfogades och skapade den slutliga modellen. För att samla in kvalitativa empiriska data, testade vi sedan modellerna i den organisation som de beskrev, Jönköpings läns lands-ting. Vi höll en workshop då vi ansåg att det gav bäst utrymme för deltagarna att föra öpp-na diskussioner om hur de uppfattar modellerna. De påpekade också starka och svaga sidor hos dem. Deltagarna bestod av olika aktörer inom hälso- och sjukvård med blandad kom-petens. En i varje disciplin, läkare, vårdutvecklare, sjuksköterska och läkarsekreterare.Resultatet blev slutligen tre modeller. En beskrev processen enligt maskinmetaforen, en annan enligt organismmetaforen och den tredje enligt hjärnmetaforen. Dessa presenterades vid seminariet och resulterade i diskussioner och reflektioner som speglade avsedd metafor. Diskussionerna ledde också till att olika problem och lösningar i förhållande till olika meta-forer blev synliga.Alla modeller har uppnått målet att producera en bild av den organisatoriska komplexiteten i vården. Vi kan alltså dra slutsatsen att de också ger ett bidrag, inte bara för dem som arbe-tar med modelleringsverktyg, utan även för dem som ska ta emot dem. Minst lämpad för modellering av just vårdande var hjärnmodellen. Dock fyller den ett syfte som ett verktyg för modellering av inlärningsprocessen inom sjukvården.Denna studie visar på vikten av att utveckla teknik för processmodellering inom sjukvår-den. De nya modellerna pekar på nya problem och förslag till standardise-ring. Standardisering går från att fokusera på den interna kommunikationen struktur till placeringen av funktioner och kunskap.Studien genomfördes på Jönköpings läns Landstings avdelning för hjärtflimmer och hand-lar om förändring och förbättring av processmodelleringstekniken. Processen för att be-handla patienter med förmaksflimmer var i behov av att utvecklas och förbättras. För att utveckla vården behövde de en nulägesbeskrivning som vanligtvis görs med ett traditionellt processmodelleringsverktyg. Många forskare och sjukvårdare anser att denna teknik ger en alltför stel bild för att beskri-va vårdprocesser. Den tar heller inte tillräcklig hänsyn till de mänskliga aspekterna. Detta resonemang tyder på att processmodelleringstekniken i vården är i behov av att utveckla flera olika perspektiv. Vi har därför studerat Morgans organisationsmetaforer för att hitta sådana perspektiv. Dessa har bidragit till två modelleringsmetoder som, om de används för processmodellering, skulle kunna svara på det hälso- och sjukvården behöver.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om modelleringar av vårdprocesser, baserade på Morgans organisationsmetaforer, kan beskriva och förmedla nya synsätt. Genom detta hoppas vi kunna utveckla en ny teknik för att modellera processer i hälsovård, vilken dess-utom kan bidra till att synliggöra förbättringar i organisationen. Vi har genomfört en kvali-tativ studie där vi från Gareth Morgans organisationsmetaforer har skapat tre modeller som speglar avsedd metafor: Maskin, Organism och Hjärna.Baserat på en patient i flimmerprocessen har vi skapat olika berättelser om händelserna. Berättelserna synliggjorde komponenter som var viktiga för att beskriva varje modell. Efter det gjordes en symbolförteckning motsvarande dessa viktiga komponenter. Symbolerna sammanfogades och skapade den slutliga modellen. För att samla in kvalitativa empiriska data, testade vi sedan modellerna i den organisation som de beskrev, Jönköpings läns lands-ting. Vi höll en workshop då vi ansåg att det gav bäst utrymme för deltagarna att föra öpp-na diskussioner om hur de uppfattar modellerna. De påpekade också starka och svaga sidor hos dem. Deltagarna bestod av olika aktörer inom hälso- och sjukvård med blandad kom-petens. En i varje disciplin, läkare, vårdutvecklare, sjuksköterska och läkarsekreterare.Resultatet blev slutligen tre modeller. En beskrev processen enligt maskinmetaforen, en annan enligt organismmetaforen och den tredje enligt hjärnmetaforen. Dessa presenterades vid seminariet och resulterade i diskussioner och reflektioner som speglade avsedd metafor. Diskussionerna ledde också till att olika problem och lösningar i förhållande till olika meta-forer blev synliga.Alla modeller har uppnått målet att producera en bild av den organisatoriska komplexiteten i vården. Vi kan alltså dra slutsatsen att de också ger ett bidrag, inte bara för dem som arbe-tar med modelleringsverktyg, utan även för dem som ska ta emot dem. Minst lämpad för modellering av just vårdande var hjärnmodellen. Dock fyller den ett syfte som ett verktyg för modellering av inlärningsprocessen inom sjukvården.Denna studie visar på vikten av att utveckla teknik för processmodellering inom sjukvår-den. De nya modellerna pekar på nya problem och förslag till standardise-ring. Standardisering går från att fokusera på den interna kommunikationen struktur till placeringen av funktioner och kunskap.