Yes / The abstract nature of physical chemistry and spectroscopy makes the subject difficult to comprehend for many students. However, bridging arts and science has the potential to provide innovative learning methods and to facilitate the understanding of abstract concepts. Herein, we present a high-school project based on the conversion of selected infrared absorbances of well-known molecules into audible frequencies. This process offered students a unique insight into the way molecules and chemical bonds vibrate, as well as an opportunity to develop their creativity by producing musical pieces related to the molecules they synthesized. We believe that experiencing chemistry from an alternative viewpoint opens up new perspectives not only for student learning but also for the decompartmentalization of scientific and artistic disciplines. / This project was supported by the Royal Society (Partnership Grant no. PG\170122 to NPEB and NG and University Research Fellowship no. UF150295 to NPEB) and the Academy of Medical Sciences/the Wellcome Trust/the Government Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy/the British Heart Foundation springboard Award [SBF003\1170 to NPEB].

Botin, Livia Maria. Ciência e tecnologia em debate: uma análise das entrevistas do programa Roda Viva (1986-2006) [tese]. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Letras e Ciências Humanas, 2016. Este estudo analisou como o programa Roda Viva, produzido pela TV Cultura, debateu e divulgou temas relacionados à ciência e tecnologia nas últimas décadas do século XX (1986-2006). Parte-se do pressuposto de que as visões sobre atividade científica apresentadas no programa refletem, sobretudo, o próprio projeto pedagógico e político da TV Cultura bem como as expectativas das elites intelectuais paulistas que atuaram nessa instituição ao longo desse período. Além disso, analisamos como essas entrevistas contribuíram para a construção de múltiplas visões sobre a ciência no país. O corpus documental previsto para a pesquisa é composto por três grandes séries documentais: 1) as entrevistas com figuras públicas e políticas representativas das áreas de C&T no país e com integrantes da comunidade científica; 2) os Estatutos da Fundação Padre Anchieta e os relatórios relativos à TV Cultura, e, finalmente, 3) as entrevistas com membros participantes da produção do programa Roda Viva. / This study examined how the talk show Roda Viva, produced by the television network TV Cultura, had discussed and publicized issues that are related to science and technology in the last decades of the twentieth century (1986-2006). The hypothesis of this thesis states that the images of scientific activity transmitted by the TV show reflect mostly TV Cultura own pedagogical and political project as well as the expectations of São Paulo intellectual elites who worked at this institution during the covered period. In addition, we analyzed how these interviews influenced the construction of multiple views on science in Brazil. The sources used to support this research consist of three major documentary sets: 1) interviews with public people and politicians who are important to S&T areas in Brazil and members of the scientific community; 2) Padre Anchieta Foundation Statutes and reports referring to TV Cultura; and finally, 3) interviews with members of Roda Viva production staff.

Botin, Livia Maria. Ciência e tecnologia em debate: uma análise das entrevistas do programa Roda Viva (1986-2006) [tese]. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Letras e Ciências Humanas, 2016. Este estudo analisou como o programa Roda Viva, produzido pela TV Cultura, debateu e divulgou temas relacionados à ciência e tecnologia nas últimas décadas do século XX (1986-2006). Parte-se do pressuposto de que as visões sobre atividade científica apresentadas no programa refletem, sobretudo, o próprio projeto pedagógico e político da TV Cultura bem como as expectativas das elites intelectuais paulistas que atuaram nessa instituição ao longo desse período. Além disso, analisamos como essas entrevistas contribuíram para a construção de múltiplas visões sobre a ciência no país. O corpus documental previsto para a pesquisa é composto por três grandes séries documentais: 1) as entrevistas com figuras públicas e políticas representativas das áreas de C&T no país e com integrantes da comunidade científica; 2) os Estatutos da Fundação Padre Anchieta e os relatórios relativos à TV Cultura, e, finalmente, 3) as entrevistas com membros participantes da produção do programa Roda Viva. / This study examined how the talk show Roda Viva, produced by the television network TV Cultura, had discussed and publicized issues that are related to science and technology in the last decades of the twentieth century (1986-2006). The hypothesis of this thesis states that the images of scientific activity transmitted by the TV show reflect mostly TV Cultura own pedagogical and political project as well as the expectations of São Paulo intellectual elites who worked at this institution during the covered period. In addition, we analyzed how these interviews influenced the construction of multiple views on science in Brazil. The sources used to support this research consist of three major documentary sets: 1) interviews with public people and politicians who are important to S&T areas in Brazil and members of the scientific community; 2) Padre Anchieta Foundation Statutes and reports referring to TV Cultura; and finally, 3) interviews with members of Roda Viva production staff.

Global climate change is becoming increasingly evident. There has been increased attention paid to the impact of human activity on climate. As a rising power, China’s energy needs to fuel its rapid economic growth with the resulting potential impacts of climate change presents an enormous climate policy dilemma not only for China but also for the entire world. The role of China is an issue of perennial concerns at the international climate change negotiation: its energy saving, emission reduction and clean production reflect China’s dual objectives about sustainable development and efforts on international legal obligations.Education abroad is an integral part of China’s development strategy. The abroad Chinese students who possess the knowledge, technologies skills and ideas, as well as information are playing an important role to assist China retain or increase its competitive advantage. The aim of this paper is to analyze the abroad Chinese students’ opinion on China’s role under the circumstance of global climate change, with main focus on three aspects: Energy consumption and environment situation in China; Several current domestic policies regarding problems of climate change and energy consumption in China; Issues facing the country on its road map to future mitigation action regarding climate change.Alongside the interviews carried out within ten overseas Chinese students, using the social science of Science, Technology and Society (STS) especially its public understanding of Science and Technology as the theoretical perspective, this thesis is exploring the interviewees’ attitudes toward current China’s climate change related issues from a deeper sense of human, culture and public perspective.

Orientador: Maria das Graças Conde Caldas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T03:42:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NorbertoRocha_Jessica_M.pdf: 4797116 bytes, checksum: 7186e279b36c0a917af5a7936bcdf21a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Para a educação de qualquer pessoa no mundo contemporâneo, é fundamental a noção sobre o que acontece em Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (CT&I), isto é, seus principais resultados, seus métodos, usos, riscos e limitações, bem como os interesses e determinações que governam seus processos e aplicações. Para além da educação formal e da educação científica, a construção de uma Cultura Científica na sociedade também depende de diversos fatores do meio social, que muitas vezes pertencem ao universo do ensino não formal, como o acesso a meios de informação diversos, a centros de ciência e cultura, a espaços de debates cívicos, a opções culturais, como teatro, cinema e feiras, entre outros. A criação do imaginário científico da criança e do jovem é muito influenciada pelo discurso do professor em sala de aula, principalmente pela forma como este relata, aborda e discute temas ligados à CT&I, pelo material didático utilizado e pelo valor que dá às atividades fora da sala de aula, como visitas a museus, jardins botânicos e feiras de ciências, entre outras atividades. Por esse motivo, o presente estudo objetivou identificar e analisar a Cultura Científica de professores e futuros professores da Educação Básica, alunos do curso de Pedagogia a distância UAB/UFMG, para refletir sobre o processo de formação e desenvolvimento dessa cultura, bem como avaliar suas práticas pedagógicas para o Ensino de Ciências e discussões sobre CT&I. O trabalho, que se configura como Estudo de Caso único (YIN, 2001), inclui pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, análise dos dados quantitativos e qualitativos, coletados a partir da aplicação questionários baseados em pesquisas de Percepção Pública da Ciência e das entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com uma estratificação da amostragem geral e a triangulação de informações, dados e evidências. O corpus do estudo é constituído por um universo de 155 cursistas de cinco municípios/polos, do interior de Minas Gerais, do curso de 2011 (Araçuaí, Campos Gerais, Formiga, Governador Valadares e Teófilo Otoni). Os resultados do trabalho apontam que existe interligação e interdependência dos oito anéis da Cultura Científica do professor (modelo criado pela pesquisa), sendo eles: Perfil sociodemográfico; Cultura, leitura e espaços científico-culturais; Assuntos de interesse; Hábitos informativos; Informação científica; Participação em assuntos de CT&I; Imaginário sobre CT&I e sobre o cientista; e Prática pedagógica. A pesquisa revela, ainda, que existem lacunas de aparelhos culturais e de acesso à informação de qualidade nas regiões onde mora esse público, com prejuízos importantes na formação científica e cultural e na prática pedagógica dos professores. A maioria dos professores considera importante o uso da mídia na sala de aula como recurso didático motivador do aprendizado, porém acreditam que as notícias de CT&I têm uma linguagem complexa e de difícil entendimento. Ficam, também, patentes, as expectativas não contempladas no curso, principalmente sobre didática na sala de aula, como exemplos de como proceder em diferentes situações e sobre quais recursos paradidáticos podem ser utilizados para dinamizar as aulas. A partir deste trabalho, espera-se abrir caminho para futuras investigações em programas de Divulgação Científica e Cultural e o fortalecimento da área de estudo no país / Abstract: In order to educate anyone in the contemporary world, the notion of what happens in Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) is vital, i.e., their main findings, methods, uses, risks and limitations as well as the interests and decisions that govern their processes and applications. Beyond formal education and science education, the building of a Scientific Culture in society also depends on several factors from the social environment, which often belong to the universe of non-formal education, such as access to various means of information, to scientific and cultural centers, to places for civic debates, to cultural offerings, such as theater, cinema, fairs, among others. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and analyze the Scientific Culture of Primary Education teachers and future teachers, both undergraduate students in the Education Course from Universidade Aberta do Brasil (Open University of Brazil - UAB) from UFMG, in order to reflect on the formation of this culture and development process, as well as evaluating their pedagogical practices for science teaching and discussions about ST&I. The study, which is a single case study (YIN, 2001), includes bibliographical and documentary research, quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data collected from the questionnaires based on Public Understanding of Science models and from the semistructured interviews conducted with a stratified sample of the research public and crossed analysis between the data collected and evidence. The study corpus consists of 155 course participants, from the 2011 course, from five towns, in Minas Gerais (Araçuaí, Campos Gerais, Formiga, Governador Valadares e Teófilo Otoni). The results show that there is an interconnectedness and an interdependence between the eight rings of Teachers' Scientific Culture (model created by research), as follows: sociodemographic characteristics, culture, reading and access to places of science and culture; main issues of interest; informative habits; scientific information; participation in ST&I issues; imaginary on ST&I and on the scientist; and pedagogical practice. It also reveals that there are gaps on cultural offers and on the access to qualified information in the regions where this public lives, with significant losses in the teachers' scientific and cultural formation and pedagogical practices. Most teachers consider important to use media in the classroom as a teaching resource which motivates learning, but they also believe that the ST&I news are complex and difficult to understand. It is also evident that are expectations not covered in the course, mainly about didactics in the classroom, such as examples of what to do in different situations, and what paradidactic resources can be used to boost classes. From this research, it is expected to strengthen future research programs on Scientific and Cultural Communication study area in the country / Mestrado / Divulgação Científica e Cultural / Mestra em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

Este trabalho investiga a interação do professor de ciências com suportes de divulgação científica (DC). A DC não é produzida visando atingir o ensino formal, todavia é um recurso frequente em aulas de ciências. A inclusão da DC em situações formais de ensino requer preparo e criatividade do professor, de modo que antes de ser utilizado, este deve conhecer o suporte e adequá-lo aos objetivos educacionais e propósitos de ensino. Esse processo ocorre em duas etapas principais, a primeira delimitada pelo acesso e consumo da DC e a segunda pelo uso em situações de ensino, que ocorre após a apropriação da DC como ferramenta cultural. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho é investigar a apropriação da DC por professores de ciências. Para isso, o trabalho investiga um curso de especialização de professores por meio de perspectivas socioculturais e metodologias quantitativas e qualitativas. A investigação analisa 400 sequências didáticas produzidas por professores de ciências do estado de São Paulo, buscando evidenciar quais os principais suportes de DC utilizados, bem como os propósitos de ensino para as atividades que usam esse recurso. Além disso, realiza-se um estudo de caso que investiga as situações de uso de suportes de DC em uma sala de aula do nono ano do ensino fundamental. Nessa investigação, as aulas foram registradas em áudio e vídeo e os episódios analisados com base nas contribuições do círculo de Bakhtin. Os resultados de nossas análises possibilitaram encontrar os principais propósitos de ensino para o uso de DC, bem como os principais suportes utilizados pelos professores de ciências. Além disso, observamos e caracterizamos as principais formas de utilização da DC em situações de ensino, no caso, o professor por meio de diferentes estratégias compõe a narrativa por meio do discurso alheio, usufruindo de diversas tipologias de discurso citado, dentre principais, o discurso direto; discurso indireto e discurso indireto-livre. / This study investigates the interaction of the science teacher with public understanding of science (PUS). The PUS is not produced aimed at achieving formal education, but it is frequently used in science lessons. The inclusion of PUS in formal teaching situations requires training and creativity of the teacher, so that prior to use, he must access the material and adapt it to educational goals and to teaching purposes. This process occurs especially in two stages, the first delimited by the access and consumption of PUS and the second by using it in teaching situations, that occurs after the appropriation of PUS as a cultural tool. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the appropriation of PUS by science teachers. Hence, this work also investigates a specialization course for science teachers through sociocultural approaches using quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The research analyzes 400 didactic sequences produced by science teachers of the state of São Paulo, seeking for evidence of the main PUS media used as well as the teaching purposes for the activities that use these media. In addition, a case study has been developed in which one investigates the situations of using PUS in a classroom of the ninth year of elementary school. For this study case, lessons have been recorded on audio and video, and the episodes were analyzed based on contributions of the Bakhtin Circle. The results of our analysis allowed to find the main teaching purposes for the use of PUS and the main media used by science teachers. In addition, we characterize the main modes of using PUS in teaching situations, in this case, the teacher through different strategies makes up the narrative through alien discourse, applying different typologies of reported discourses, in which the main are the direct, indirect and quasi-direct.

Geoscience operates at the boundary between two worlds; the visible and the invisible. Increasingly, new geological technologies such as hydraulic fracturing, carbon capture and storage (CCS) and radioactive waste disposal are drawing the public’s attention to the ‘invisible’ world of the geological subsurface. This presents unique communication challenges because these technologies exist in a realm that can never be physically seen. This thesis addresses this issue by examining the psychological perceptions of residents in three villages in the south west of England. A representative sample from each village was qualitatively interviewed and mental models were constructed from the resultant data using the ‘mental models’ technique (Morgan et al, 2002). The mental models were then quantitatively tested using a questionnaire to assess the perceptions that a broader sample of the residents of these locations hold towards the geological subsurface. The results from the mental models assessment identified the principal perceptions held by the majority of the public surveyed. In particular, the study revealed the connection between the visible surface and the invisible subsurface and how different participants engaged with that boundary; choosing either a geoscience-centric or an anthropocentric approach to penetrating the surface. These approaches utilised by non-experts differed from those employed by the experts, who used a regionally specific geoscience-centric approach to visualising the subsurface. The work provides an important empirical baseline from which to develop a science-led strategy to engage the general public with new technologies and to increase our understanding of the more broadly held conceptions of the invisible subsurface.

Este trabalho investiga a interação do professor de ciências com suportes de divulgação científica (DC). A DC não é produzida visando atingir o ensino formal, todavia é um recurso frequente em aulas de ciências. A inclusão da DC em situações formais de ensino requer preparo e criatividade do professor, de modo que antes de ser utilizado, este deve conhecer o suporte e adequá-lo aos objetivos educacionais e propósitos de ensino. Esse processo ocorre em duas etapas principais, a primeira delimitada pelo acesso e consumo da DC e a segunda pelo uso em situações de ensino, que ocorre após a apropriação da DC como ferramenta cultural. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho é investigar a apropriação da DC por professores de ciências. Para isso, o trabalho investiga um curso de especialização de professores por meio de perspectivas socioculturais e metodologias quantitativas e qualitativas. A investigação analisa 400 sequências didáticas produzidas por professores de ciências do estado de São Paulo, buscando evidenciar quais os principais suportes de DC utilizados, bem como os propósitos de ensino para as atividades que usam esse recurso. Além disso, realiza-se um estudo de caso que investiga as situações de uso de suportes de DC em uma sala de aula do nono ano do ensino fundamental. Nessa investigação, as aulas foram registradas em áudio e vídeo e os episódios analisados com base nas contribuições do círculo de Bakhtin. Os resultados de nossas análises possibilitaram encontrar os principais propósitos de ensino para o uso de DC, bem como os principais suportes utilizados pelos professores de ciências. Além disso, observamos e caracterizamos as principais formas de utilização da DC em situações de ensino, no caso, o professor por meio de diferentes estratégias compõe a narrativa por meio do discurso alheio, usufruindo de diversas tipologias de discurso citado, dentre principais, o discurso direto; discurso indireto e discurso indireto-livre. / This study investigates the interaction of the science teacher with public understanding of science (PUS). The PUS is not produced aimed at achieving formal education, but it is frequently used in science lessons. The inclusion of PUS in formal teaching situations requires training and creativity of the teacher, so that prior to use, he must access the material and adapt it to educational goals and to teaching purposes. This process occurs especially in two stages, the first delimited by the access and consumption of PUS and the second by using it in teaching situations, that occurs after the appropriation of PUS as a cultural tool. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the appropriation of PUS by science teachers. Hence, this work also investigates a specialization course for science teachers through sociocultural approaches using quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The research analyzes 400 didactic sequences produced by science teachers of the state of São Paulo, seeking for evidence of the main PUS media used as well as the teaching purposes for the activities that use these media. In addition, a case study has been developed in which one investigates the situations of using PUS in a classroom of the ninth year of elementary school. For this study case, lessons have been recorded on audio and video, and the episodes were analyzed based on contributions of the Bakhtin Circle. The results of our analysis allowed to find the main teaching purposes for the use of PUS and the main media used by science teachers. In addition, we characterize the main modes of using PUS in teaching situations, in this case, the teacher through different strategies makes up the narrative through alien discourse, applying different typologies of reported discourses, in which the main are the direct, indirect and quasi-direct.

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a Technology Outreach Programme on Public Understanding of Science, Engineering and Technology (PUSET). The study further intended to give feedback to the management of the Tsebo Koloing Technology Outreach Programme, to assist them to make an informed decision with regard to the continuation, termination or revision of the existing programme, which represent a major investment of resources. It was also foreseen that the findings of this study could contribute towards the design and successful implementation of similar PUSET programmes elsewhere. To facilitate the understanding of the problem statement of this study, an evaluation framework based on the Context-Input-Process-Product (CIPP) model of Stufflebeam, Madaus&Kellaghan, (2000) was applied. The research was carried out at four secondary schools that were considered disadvantaged situated in townships near Pretoria, South Africa. Secondary school learners and science and technology teachers, who visited the Tsebo Koloing programme, as well as members of the executive committee of the programme, participated in the study. This study provided valuable insight into the understanding of the effects of the TK programme on learners and teachers in schools (particularly in a developing nation context) who visited the programme and how the extent to which the programme created and promoted PUSET furthermore this study emphasized the importance of programme evaluation and proper planning of S&T outreach programmes with regard to needs assessment; identification of target groups; programme design; programme development and content; as well as programme implementation and evaluation. Although valuable information was obtained from this research, there is still scope for further research on how to evaluate the effects of S&T programmes on PUSET as well as research on the effectiveness of mobile S&T programmes. / Dissertation (MEd (Assessment and Quality Assurance in Education and Training))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Curriculum Studies / MEd / unrestricted

L’émergence de l’utilisation du méthylphénidate (MPH; Ritalin) par des étudiants universitaires afin d’améliorer leur concentration et leurs performances universitaires suscite l’intérêt du public et soulève d’importants débats éthiques auprès des spécialistes. Les différentes perspectives sur l’amélioration des performances cognitives représentent une dimension importante des défis sociaux et éthiques autour d’un tel phénomène et méritent d’être élucidées. Ce mémoire vise à examiner les discours présents dans les reportages internationaux de presse populaire, les discours en bioéthique et en en santé publique sur le thème de l’utilisation non médicale du méthylphénidate. Cette recherche a permis d’identifier et d’analyser des « lacunes » dans les perspectives éthiques, sociales et scientifiques de l’utilisation non médicale du méthylphénidate pour accroître la performance cognitive d’individus en santé. Une analyse systématique du contenu des discours sur l’utilisation non médicale du méthylphénidate pour accroître la performance cognitive a identifié des paradigmes divergents employés pour décrire l’utilisation non médicale du méthylphénidate et discuter ses conséquences éthiques. Les paradigmes « choix de mode de vie », « abus de médicament » et « amélioration de la cognition » sont présents dans les discours de la presse populaire, de la bioéthique et de la santé publique respectivement. Parmi les principales différences entre ces paradigmes, on retrouve : la description de l’utilisation non médicale d’agents neuropharmacologiques pour l’amélioration des performances, les risques et bénéfices qui y sont associés, la discussion d’enjeux éthiques et sociaux et des stratégies de prévention et les défis associés à l’augmentation de la prévalence de ce phénomène. La divergence de ces paradigmes reflète le pluralisme des perceptions de l’utilisation non médicale d’agents neuropharmacologiques Nos résultats suggèrent la nécessité de débats autour de l’amélioration neuropharmacologique afin de poursuivre l’identification des enjeux et de développer des approches de santé publique cohérentes. / The non-medical use of neuropharmaceuticals has sparked ethical debates. For example, there is mounting evidence that methylphenidate (MPH; Ritalin) is being used by healthy university students to improve concentration, alertness, and academic performance, a phenomenon known as cognitive enhancement. The different perspectives on the ethics of cognitive enhancement represent an important dimension of the social and ethical challenges related to such practices but have yet to be examined thoroughly. This thesis aimed to assess existing positive and negative reports in international print media, bioethics literature, and public health literature on the use of MPH to identify and analyze gaps in the ethical, social, and scientific perspectives about the non-medical use of MPH for cognitive enhancement in healthy individuals. A systematic content analysis of discourses on the non-medical use of methylphenidate for cognitive enhancement identified divergent frameworks employed to describe the non-medical use of methylphenidate and discuss its ethical implications: The frameworks of “lifestyle choice”, “prescription drug abuse” and “cognitive enhancement” are present in print media, bioethics, and public health discourses respectively. Important differences between frameworks include the description of the non-medical use of neuropharmaceuticals for cognitive enhancement, associated risks and benefits, discussion of ethical and social issues surrounding the phenomenon and the prevention strategies and challenges to the widespread use of neuropharmaceuticals for cognitive enhancement. Diverging frameworks reflect pluralism in perceptions if the non-medical use of neuropharmaceuticals for cognitive enhancement. At this time, unacknowledged pluralism and implicit assumptions about cognitive enhancement may impede public health interventions and ethics discussions.