In this work, a method for the synthesis of a series of heterocyclic compounds that preserve the amino group of the starting material, is presented. For this study, a-oxoketene O,N-acetals were obtained from the reaction of b-oxothioxo ester and different primary amines. The reactivity of the elctrophilic centers of O,N-acetals was investigated through cyclization reactions using 1,2-dinucleophiles such as hydrazine and phenylhydrazine with the reaction carried out in solid support. The functionalized heterocycles 5(3)-amino substituted 3(5)-phenyl 1H-pyrazoles and 3-amino substituted 1,5-diphenyl pyrazoles, were obtained selectively. When 1,2-dinucleophiles such as hydrazine and phenylhydrazine hydrochloride were used, ethoxy pyrazoles 5(3)-ethoxy 1H-pyrazole, 3-ethoxy 1,5-diphenyl pyrazole and 5- ethoxy 1,3-diphenyl pyrazole, were obtained, demonstrating the influence of these salts in the formation of different substitution pattern. The investigation of the possible biological activity of the pyrazoles systems obtained was performed in vitro and was accomplished through the analysis of the antimicrobial activity by the Bioautography method and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) front to a collection of different indicative microorganisms. The inhibitory activity of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme was also investigated. / Neste trabalho, nós estudamos a obtenção de uma série de heterociclos que preservassem o grupo amino dos compostos de partida. Para tanto, obtivemos a-oxocetenos O,N-acetais a partir da reação entre b-oxotioxo éster e diferentes aminas primárias. A reatividade dos centros eletrofílicos dos O,N-acetais foi investigada em reações de ciclização usando 1,2-dinucleófilos como hidrazina e fenil hidrazina em reações com suporte sólido. Obteve-se seletivamente os heterociclos funcionalizados 5(3)-amino substituído 3(5)-fenil 1H-pirazóis e 3-amino substituído 1,5-difenil pirazóis. Quando utilizamos como 1,2-dinucleófilos os cloridratos de hidrazina e fenil hidrazina, obtivemos 5(3)-etóxi 1H-pirazol, 3-etóxi 1,5-difenil pirazol e 5-etóxi 1,3-difenil pirazol demonstrando a influência destes sais na formação de diferentes padrões de substituição. A investigação da possível atividade biológica in vitro dos sistemas pirazólicos obtidos foi realizada por meio da análise da atividade antimicrobiana pelo método de Bioautografia e Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) frente a uma coleção de diferentes microrganismos indicadores; bem como análise da atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE).

The main objective of this project is to synthesize the first family of polynuclear chromium pyrazolate complexes. Complexity in analysis of the experimental magnetic data of multinuclear complexes arises from their (2S +1)N microstates, where S is the spin of each metal center and N is the number of metal centers. For example, high-spin (HS)-FeIII3 has 216 microstates and HS-FeIII8 ≈ 1.7x106 microstates (S= 5/2). However, complexes with chromium(III) S = 3/2 will have a noticeable reduction of microstates. Mononuclear complexes with formula [mer-CrCl3(pzH*)3] (pz*H = pyrazole, 3-Me-pzH, 4-Me-pzH, 4-Cl-pzH, 4-I-pzH, 4-Br-pzH) and [trans-CrCl2(pzH*)4]Cl (pzH* = pyrazole and 3-Me-pzH) were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. Polynuclear iron pyrazolate complexes are prepared by the addition of base to [mer-FeCl3(pzH*)3] and [trans-FeCl2(pzH*)4]Cl complexes; the path is not paralleled by mononuclear chromium(III) pyrazole complexes. There is a challenging situation with these reactions, caused by the attainment of equilibrium, where the stable mononuclear complexes and traces of dinuclear species coexist in solution. Microwave assisted reaction of Cr(NO3)3·9H2O and pyrazole ligand in dimethylformamide (DMF) solution afforded redox inactive trinuclear formate-pyrazolate mixed-ligand complexes with formula [Cr3(μ3-O)(μ-O2CH)3(μ-4-R-pz)3(DMF)3]+ (pz = pyrazolate anion; R= H, Me, Cl). Thermally assisted synthesis with non-hydrolysable solvent yielded an electrochemically active all-pyrazolate complex. Complex with formula (Ph4P)2[Cr3(μ3-O)(μ-4-Cl-pz)6Cl3] and (Ph4P)2[Cr3(μ3-O)(μ-4-Cl-pz)6Br3] have an oxidation process at 0.502 V at 0.332 V, respectively. The latter has a second accessed oxidation process at 0.584 V. These systems are the first example of electrochemically amendable trinuclear pyrazolate complex with {Cr3O} core. The all-ferric complexes [Fe3(μ3-O)(μ-4-NO2-pz)6(L)3]2- (L = NCO-, N3) were synthesized from reaction of [Fe3(μ3-O)(μ-4-NO2-pz)6Cl3]2- with NaNCO and NaN3. Expected reversible reduction processes were observed for both complexes at more negative potential, -0.70 V, compared to the thiocyanate complex (-0.36 V). The 57Fe Mössbauer of the reduced [Fe3(μ3-O)(μ-4-NO2-pz)6(N3)3]3- is suggestive of a HS-to-LS electronic reorganization, as seen for the [Fe3(μ3-O)(μ-4-NO2-pz)6(SCN)3]3- complex. Furthermore, compound [Fe3(μ3-O)(μ-4-NO2-pz)6(N3)3]2-, shows a unique reversible oxidation process at 0.82 V (vs. Fc+/Fc) to a mixed-valent, formally Fe3+2/Fe4+ species.

The title compound, C8H16N2Si, crystallizes in the the ortho­rhom­bic space group P212121 with one mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. The Si—N bond is 1.782 (2) Å, which is substanti­ally longer than is found in comparable (3,5-di­methyl­pyrazol­yl)silanes. The tri­methyl­silyl group adopts a staggered conformation with respect to the planar 3,5-di­methyl­pyrazolyl unit. C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between neighboring mol­ecules form a strand of mol­ecules along the b-axis direction.

The new dihydrobis(4-cyano-3-tert-butylpyrazolylborate) ligand has been synthesized. Isolated crystals of the thallium complex were collected and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. Transition metal complexes of the ligand are currently under investigation.

No description available.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-24T15:39:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Raphael Andrade de Castro.pdf: 917522 bytes, checksum: f65a225b9fc808c90016c649f5cb2be1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-24T15:39:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Raphael Andrade de Castro.pdf: 917522 bytes, checksum: f65a225b9fc808c90016c649f5cb2be1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / causing pain as a constant feature. The pyrazole compounds are the drugs of synthetic origin in their chemical structure consisting of a ring pirazol?nico, with which several studies show the effectiveness in controlling of pain, fever and inflammation. The need to develop new drugs with analgesic and anti-inflammatory, low cost and which have few adverse reactions, has stimulated the synthesis and study of pharmacological activities of pyrazole compounds. With this objective, we studied the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of compound 1.5-diphenyl-pyrazole-3-hidrazinopirazol(a) (DHP), administered orally in pharmacological models of the acetic acid writhing, tail-flick, formalin, ear edema induced by croton oil and carrageenan-induced peritonitis in mice, and mechanical allodynia (von Frey) and thermal hyperalgesia (Hargreaves) in rats. The administration of DHP (1, 3 and 10mg/kg) decreased in a dose-dependent (41.3, 62.7 and 76%) number of writhing (ID50 = 1.3mg/kg). In the tail-flick test, DHP (10mg/kg) was ineffective and the application of positive control fentanyl (200?g/kg, sc) increased the latency to thermal stimulation in up to 138%. Without changing the first phase of nociception (neurogenic pain) of the formalin test, DHP (10mg/kg) and the positive control indomethacin (10mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the reactivity in the 2 phase (ndinflammatory pain) in 40.9 and 48.7% respectively. This same dose of DHP reduced by 54% the ear edema induced by croton oil, as well as the positive control, dexamethasone (2mg/kg, sc) at 55.3%. Also in a dose-dependent DHP (3, 10 and 30 mg / kg) inhibited by 11.8, 39 and 53.7%, respectively, leukocyte migration in peritonitis induced by carrageenan test (ID50 = 22.9mg/kg). In the assessment of mechanical allodynia incision group treated with DHP (GIDHP - 10mg/kg) showed a significant reversal of allodynia (RA) after one hour of administration, with maximum reading RA for 12 hours (28.2%) in the second stage of the experiment, remaining in the third stage with RA of 26.9, 43.4 and 60.4% in the 7th, 10th and 14th days of evaluations, when compared with the vehicle group incised (GIV). In thermal hyperalgesia GIDHP (10mg/kg) also significantly reversed the hyperalgesia (RH) after one hour of treatment, with RH maximum of three hours in reading (68.9%) in the second stage, obtaining in the third stage RA of 43.4, 32,1 and 64% in 7th, 10th and 14th days of evaluations, when compared to the GIV and obtaining similar values of the group not incised vehicle (GNIV) on 14 dayth. In the von Frey and Hargreaves GNIV showed similar readings in the three stages of the experiment. The DHP (10mg/kg) did not alter the motor activity of mice in rota-rod test. Whereas the compound DHP showed antinociceptive activity in writhing test, antiedematogenic in ear edema, inhibited the 2nd phase of nociception (inflammatory pain) in formalin test and leukocyte migration, promoting reversal of hypernociception in models of thermal hyperalgesia and allodynia mechanics, these results indicate that the effectiveness of DHP involves the participation of anti-inflammatory mechanisms and create favorable outlook for its future use with this therapeutic goal. / A inflama??o ? um processo fisiol?gico de resposta org?nica diante de les?o tissular ou infec??o, gerando a dor como caracter?stica constante. Os compostos piraz?licos s?o drogas de origem sint?tica com um anel pirazol?nico na sua estrutura qu?mica, com os quais diversos estudos demonstram a efic?cia no controle da dor, da febre e da inflama??o. A necessidade do desenvolvimento de novos f?rmacos com propriedades analg?sicas e anti-inflamat?rias, de baixo custo e que apresentem poucas rea??es adversas, tem estimulado a s?ntese e o estudo das atividades farmacol?gicas dos compostos piraz?licos. Com esse objetivo, foi estudado o potencial antinociceptivo e anti-inflamat?rio do composto piraz?lico 1,5-difenil-3-hidrazinopirazol(a) (DHP), administrado pela via oral, nos modelos farmacol?gicos das contor??es abdominais pelo ?cido ac?tico, tail-flick, formalina, edema de orelha induzido pelo ?leo de cr?ton e peritonite induzida pela carragenina em camundongos; e na alodinia mec?nica (von Frey) e hiperalgesia t?rmica (Hargreaves) em ratos. A administra??o do DHP (1, 3 e 10mg/kg) diminuiu de maneira dose-dependente (41,3, 62,7 e 76%) o numero de contor??es abdominais (ID50=1,3mg/kg). No teste de tail-flick, DHP (10mg/kg) n?o foi efetivo e a aplica??o do controle positivo fentanil (200?g/kg, s.c.) ampliou a lat?ncia ao est?mulo t?rmico em at? 138%. Sem alterarem a 1? fase de nocicep??o (dor neurog?nica) do teste da formalina, o DHP (10mg/kg) e o controle positivo indometacina (10mg/kg, p.o.) inibiram a reatividade na 2? fase (dor inflamat?ria) em 40,9 e 48,7% respectivamente. Essa mesma dose do DHP reduziu em 54% o edema de orelha induzido pelo ?leo de cr?ton, assim como o controle positivo dexametasona (2mg/kg, s.c.) em 55.3%. Tamb?m de forma dose-dependente o DHP (3, 10 e 30 mg/kg) inibiu em 11,8, 39 e 53,7% respectivamente, a migra??o de leuc?citos no teste da peritonite induzida pela carragenina (ID50=22,9mg/kg). Na avalia??o da alodinia mec?nica o grupo incisado tratado com o DHP (GIDHP - 10mg/kg) apresentou significativas revers?es da alodinia (RA) ap?s uma hora da administra??o, com RA m?xima na leitura de 12 horas (28,2%) na segunda etapa, mantendo-se na terceira etapa com RA de 26,9, 43,4 e 60,4% nos 7?, 10? e 14? dias de experimenta??o, comparados com o grupo incisado ve?culo (GIV). Na hiperalgesia t?rmica o GIDHP tamb?m produziu revers?o da hiperalgesia (RH) uma hora ap?s o tratamento, com RH m?ximo na leitura de 3 horas (68,9%) na segunda etapa, mantendo-se na terceira etapa com RH de 43,4, 32,1 e 64% nos 7?, 10? e 14? dias de experimenta??o, quando comparados ao GIV e obtendo valores semelhantes ao grupo n?o incisado ve?culo (GNIV) no 14? dia. No von Frey e no Hargreaves o GNIV apresentou leituras semelhantes nas tr?s etapas do experimento. O DHP (10mg/kg) n?o alterou a atividade motora de camundongos no teste do rota-rod. Considerando que o composto DHP apresentou atividade antinociceptiva no teste das contor??es, antiedematog?nica no edema de orelha, inibiu a 2? fase de nocicep??o (dor inflamat?ria) do teste da formalina e a migra??o leucocit?ria, promovendo ainda revers?o da hipernocicep??o nos modelos de hiperalgesia t?rmica e alodinia mec?nica; esses resultados indicam que a efetividade do DHP envolve a participa??o de mecanismos anti-inflamat?rios e criam perspectivas favor?veis para sua futura utiliza??o com esse objetivo terap?utico.

This work presents the synthesis of three new series of nitrogen-heterocycles containing the substituent trifluoromethyl, exploiting the synthetic versatility and regioselectivity of 4-alkoxy-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorpent-3-en-2-ones and 4-amino-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluoropent-3-en-2-ones in reactions with compounds containing nucleophilic nitrogen. Two series of 1-(3-alkoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-yl)-4,5-alkyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazoles were synthesized by the N-functionalization reaction of pyrazoles with 4-alkoxy-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorpent-3-en-2-ones, by Michael s nucleophilic addition. In the first step, there is a nucleophilic addition of the pyrazol molecule to the beta position of enones (Cβ), followed by an intramolecular cyclization reaction, where the furan ring is formed by replacement of the bromine atom by the carbonyl oxygen of enone, resulting in thirteen novel compounds with yields between 55-86%. The other compounds series, (E)-4-(amino)-1,1,1-trifluoro-5-(5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pent-3-en-2-ones, was synthesized by N-alkylation reaction, through a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) mechanism, with replament of the bromine atom, at five position (Cγ) of 4-amino-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluoropent-3-en-2-ones, by the nucleophilic nitrogen of the pyrazoline ring. Seven N-alkylated products were obtained, with yields among 65-85%. In addition, the regioselectivity study of N-functionalized pyrazoles reactions is described, including the evaluation of reaction conditions and how substituents present in the pyrazole structure can influence the product formation, because many different steric and electronic factors. The obtained compounds were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance 1H and 13C, mass spectrometry, elementary analysis and X-ray diffractometry. / A presente dissertação relata a síntese de três séries inéditas de heterociclos nitrogenados trifluormetil substituídos, que exploram a versatilidade sintética e a regiosseletividade das 4-alcóxi-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorpent-3-en-2-onas e das 4-amino-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorpent-3-en-2-onas, em reações com nucleófilos nitrogenados. As primeiras duas séries dos compostos 1-(3-alcóxi-5-trifluorometil-2,3-diidrofuran-3-il)-4,5-alquil-3-(trifluorometil)-1H-pirazóis, foram sintetizadas através do processo de N-funcionalização de pirazóis, a partir da reação com as 4-alcóxi-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorpent-3-en-2-onas, cujo o caminho mecanístico se deu através de uma reação de adição nucleofílica de Michael. Inicialmente, ocorre a adição do pirazol nucleofílico na posição beta (Cβ) das enonas bromadas, seguida de uma reação de ciclocondensação intramolecular formando o anel furano, com a substituição átomo de bromo pelo oxigênio enólico, resultando na formação de treze compostos inéditos, com rendimentos entre 55 e 86%. Outra série de compostos (E)-4-(amino)1,1,1-triflúor-5-(5-metil-3-(trifluormetil)-1H-pirazóis-1-il)pent-3-en-2-onas, foi sintetizada através da reação de N-alquilacão, via substituição nucleofílica bimolecular (SN2), onde o átomo de bromo na posição cinco (Cγ), das 4-amino-5-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorpent-3-en-2-onas, foi substituído pelo nitrogênio nucleofílico do anel pirazolínico, promovendo a formação de sete produtos N-alquilados, com rendimentos que variam entre 65 e 85%. Além disso, um estudo de regiosseletividade das reações N-funcionalizadas de pirazóis está descrito, onde a avaliação das condições reacionais e também de fatores estéricos e eletrônicos dos substituintes presentes nos substratos, foram determinantes para formação do produto formado. Os produtos obtidos neste trabalho foram caracterizados por ressonância magnética nuclear de 1H e 13C, espectrometria de massas de baixa e alta resolução, análise elementar e difratometria de Raio X.

Depuis la mise en évidence de l’existence des protéines kinases vers la fin des années 1950 cette famille d’enzymes s’est vu attribuer d’importants rôles dans divers mécanismes pathologiques notamment dans des processus de cancérisations. Plus récemment ces enzymes ont été identifiées comme potentiellement impliquées dans d’autres types de maladies telles que les maladies neurodégénératives.Deux projets de recherche seront présentés. Le premier projet expose la conception et la synthèse de nouveaux composés tricycliques de la famille des pyrido[3,4-g]quinazolines. Les propriétés inhibitrices de kinases des premiers dérivés ont été évaluées sur un panel de cinq kinases (CDK5, CK1, GSK3, CLK1 and DYRK1A) connues pour leurs implications dans la maladie d’Alzheimer. L’intérêt de ces nouveaux squelettes tricycliques comme inhibiteurs de kinases a été validé par des activités inhibitrices nanomolaire à l’encontre des kinases DYRK1A et CLK1. D’autre part l’obtention de structures co-crystallographiques d’interaction de deux dérivés avec le site ATP de la kinase CLK1 a permis de rationnaliser la substitution du motif pyrido[3,4-g]quinazoline. Le second projet présente le développement d’un nouveau dérivé de la staurosporine aglycone (K252c) dans lequel la partie lactame a été remplacée par un noyau pyrazole. Une étude préliminaire des propriétés biologiques de l’indolopyrazolocarbazole obtenu met en avant une cytotoxicité, du même ordre de grandeur que K252c, contre les lignées cellulaires K562 (leucémie humaine) et HCT116 (carcinome du colon). En revanche, le composé chef de file s’est révélé être un faible inhibiteur de cibles connues de K252c, les isoformes α and γ de la protéine kinase C et présente un bon potentiel inhibiteur des kinases Pim 1-3. Ce nouveau chemotype pourrait être un inhibiteur de kinases prometteur. / In 1950’s protein kinases were found to play a critical role in cell signaling, rising strong research potential for this enzyme family. Initially investigated for their implications in cancerogenesis they were more recently found to be involved in a wide variety of diseases including neurodegenerative pathologies. Herein will be presented two research projects that offer bright new perspectives for the inhibition of kinases involved whether in neurodegenerative diseases or cancers.First, the design and synthesis of new pyrido[3,4-g]quinazoline derivatives will be described as well as their protein kinase inhibitory potencies toward five CMGC family members (CDK5, CK1, GSK3, CLK1 and DYRK1A) that are known to play a potential role in Alzheimer’s disease. The interest for this original tricyclic heteroaromatic scaffold as modulators of CLK1/ DYRK1A activity was validated by nanomolar potencies. CLK1 co-crystal structures with two inhibitors revealed the binding mode of these compounds within the ATP-binding pocket and led to the synthesis of new diversely substituted pyrido[3,4-g]quinazolines.Then the synthesis of a new derivative of the staurosporine aglycon (K252c), in which the lactam ring was replaced by a pyrazole moiety, will be depicted. The resulting indolopyrazolocarbazole inhibited Pim isoforms 1–3 whereas it did not impair the activity of two known targets of K252c, protein kinase C isoforms α and γ . The lead compound exhibited same cytotoxic activity as K252c toward both human leukemia and colon carcinoma cell lines (K562 and HCT116), strongly suggesting that this new scaffold deserves further investigations for treatment of malignancies associated with kinases activities.

No description available.

Die vorliegende Arbeit thematisiert Eisen(II)-Komplexe mit Spinübergangseigenschaften. Dafür wurden neue hexadentate Liganden auf Basis von N,N'-Bis(2,2'-bipyridin-6-ylmethyl)-2,2'-biphenylendiamin entwickelt. Die in Kapitel 3.1 vorgestellten Systeme variieren dabei in den jeweiligen Substituenten der 6,6‘-Positionen der Biphenyleinheit. Es wird der Einfluss dieser Gruppen auf die magnetischen Eigenschaften der resultierenden Komplexe gezeigt. Im darauffolgenden Kapitel 3.2 wird ein variiertes Ligandensystem vorgestellt, in welchem anstelle einfacher Substituenten Donorfunktionen eingeführt wurden, sodass ein symmetrischer dinuklearer Eisen(II)-Komplex zugänglich war. In diesem sind die beiden Spin Crossover (SCO) Zentren erstmalig durch eine Biphenyleinheit verbrückt. Die durchgeführten Untersuchungen geben Hinweise auf eine allostere Wechselwirkung. Weiterhin wurde der Ligand durch N-Methylierung in ein tertiäres Amin überführt und die entsprechenden Komplexe mit Fe(II), Co(II) und Zn(II) synthetisiert (Kapitel 3.3). Diese wurden strukturell und elektrochemisch untersucht und hinsichtlich ihrer Redoxeigenschaften und Magnetismus mit den Komplexen der sekundären Amine verglichen. Ebenfalls wurde das Grundgerüst des auf sekundären Aminen basierenden Liganden so variiert, dass der terminale Donor durch stickstoffhaltige Fünfringheterocyclen – anstelle von Pyridin – verkörpert wurde (Kapitel 3.4). So konnten Eisen(II)-SCO Komplexe erhalten werden, welche eine wesentlich niedrigere Übergangstemperatur aufwiesen und somit magnetische Untersuchungen im Festkörper sowie des Photomagnetismus ermöglichten. Schließlich wurden neue tridentate Amine (2-(6-R-Pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthrolin) und deren Eisen(II)-Komplexe synthetisiert (Kapitel 3.5). Für einige dieser Komplexe konnte bereits das Spin Crossover Verhalten in Lösung untersucht werden. / The present thesis addresses iron(II) complexes with spin transition properties. For this purpose new hexadentate ligands were developed on the basis of N,N’-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-6-ylmethyl)-2,2’-biphenylenediamine. The systems introduced in chapter 3.1 vary in respect to the substituents in the 6,6’-positions of the biphenyl unit. The influence of these varying moieties on the magnetic behavior of the resulting complexes is shown. In the following chapter 3.2 a tuned ligand system is introduced, in which the substituents are donor functions so that a symmetrical dinuclear iron(II) complex was feasible. In this the two Spin Crossover (SCO) centers are for the first time connected by a biphenyl core. The executed experiments give hints to an allosteric interaction in this dinuclear compound. Moreover the ligand was reacted by N-methylation yielding a tertiary amine and the corresponding complexes with Fe(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) were synthesized (chapter 3.3). Those were investigated structurally and electrochemically and were then compared with the complexes with secondary amines in respect to their redox and magnetic properties. The ligand motif based on secondary amines was also modified in a way that the terminal donor was represented by nitrogen based five-ring heterocycles instead of pyridine (chapter 3.4). So iron(II) SCO complexes were available which showed much lower thermal transition temperatures and thus magnetic investigations in the solid state as well as investigations on the photomagnetic properties became possible. Ultimately, novel tridentate amines (2-(6-R-pyridine-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline) and the corresponding iron(II) complexes were synthesized (chapter 3.5). For some of those complexes the spin transition could already be monitored in solution.