This work deals with the issue of dual diagnosis, namely patients with schizophrenic disease who are addicted to drugs and their view of the anxiety process. Theoretical background research is devoted to schizophrenic disease, addictive disorders and specifics in the treatment of patients with dual diagnosis. The aim of this research was to find out how users of addictive substances with a schizophrenic circuit disorder evaluate and experience the process of their anxiety. To create the above goal, I set the main research question, concretized by three sub- questions: (1) How do drug users with schizophrenic disorders assess and experience the process of their anxiety? (1.1.) "How do drug users with schizophrenic disorders have insight into their difficulties in treatment?" (1.2.) "How the level of these difficulties changed before the end of treatment"? (1.3.) "What aspects of recovery do these patients consider important?" The research set was selected by methods of improbable purpose. The research group finally consisted of four patients, i.e. hospitalized in the Psychiatric Hospital X. Sources of data for the case study in this case are medical documentation of patients (anamnestic data, records of group and individual therapies) and semi-structured interviews. The obtained data fixed by audio...

Type 2 diabetes is a life-threatening condition, and it is rapidly growing in the world. If patients receive adequate education and support, they can manage their diabetes-related tasks effectively and reduce the severe complications of this disease. However, traditional self-management education and practices were not very effective in stimulating behaviour change and addressing patients’ diversified needs and expectations. Mobile text messaging is a promising method for type 2 diabetes self-management as it can provide continuous and customized support to these patients. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the optimal approach to designing and delivering mobile text messages. Hence, this dissertation aimed to define effective message strategies for mobile text messaging interventions targeting type 2 diabetes self-management. This manuscript-based dissertation consists of three complementary studies. The first manuscript includes a systematic review and a meta-analysis of tailored mobile text messaging interventions on type 2 diabetes self-management. It examines the tailoring strategies, message content, and structure and identifies the moderators of effectiveness in these interventions. The second manuscript includes a systematic review and a meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence on patients’ experiences and perspectives of mobile text messaging studies. The third manuscript consists of a prospective qualitative study to explore the text messaging design and delivery preferences of patients. In the first and second studies, the comprehensive search strategy included major electronic databases, key journal searches, and hand searches of the reference lists of related systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and Cochrane Collaboration's guidelines and recommended tools were used for data extraction, risk of bias and critical appraisal assessments, data analysis and reporting. Within a social marketing framework, the third study included semi-structured interviews and a thematic analysis of the main findings. In the first manuscript, 13 eligible trials were included for the systematic review and 11 eligible trials were further analyzed in the meta-analysis. This study concluded that tailored mobile text messaging interventions could improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The subgroup analyses revealed the importance of some moderators such as message delivery, message direction, message frequency, and using multi-modalities. In the second manuscript, the systematic review included 14 eligible studies, and the thematic synthesis included 13 eligible studies. Patients emphasized the importance of tailored text message design and delivery. They felt “supported” by using text messaging and improved their communication with family/friends and care providers. Mobile text messaging increased patients’ self-awareness, knowledge and control of diabetes. The third study explored that mobile text messages could be more effective if they are gain-framed and written in a standard format. Patients favoured the text messages that included simple and direct tone and provided statistical evidence. The findings demonstrated patients’ needs and expectations for advanced tailoring strategies in both message content and delivery. Together, the manuscripts fill a significant gap and inform research and practice for the development of more effective message strategies that could lead to reducing the spread of type 2 diabetes worldwide. / Graduate / 2022-05-12

This study aims to explore the attitudes and practices of Swedish parents regarding the use of digital tablets for their toddlers' English language acquisition. The study focuses on the perceptions of parents regarding the role of tablets in supporting or hindering the development of English language skills in English language learners during early childhood. A qualitative research design was adopted, employing a thematic analysis approach to analyze the data collected from semi-structured interviews with six participating parents. The interviews aimed to investigate the ways in which parents perceive the impact of tablet usage on their children's English language learning. The study revealed that parents generally viewed the use of digital tablets as a positive tool for supporting their children's English language learning. The tablets facilitated early exposure to a foreign language and sparked their child's interest in language learning. However, concerns about potential drawbacks such as excessive screen time were also expressed. Parents reported various strategies and techniques to support their children's language learning, including parental controls, child-friendly language learning apps, and active participation in tablet-based activities. Overall, this study contributes to the growing body of research on technology use in early childhood education and provides valuable insights into the experiences and perceptions of Swedish parents regarding their toddlers' English language learning through digital tablets.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Den palliativa vården handlar om att vårda patienter i livets slut. Allt sedan dess start under mitten av 1900 talet fram tills nu har den genomgått stora förändringar och meningarna om på vilket sätt denna vård ska genomföras är nu kluvna. Den moderna palliativa vården mål är att ge patienter hälsomässigt god sista tid, när syftet har gått från att bota patienten till att symptomatiskt behandla för att minska smärta och obehag av sjukdom. Syfte Att belysa vilka egenskaper och förmågor sjuksköterskan inom den palliativa slutenvården anser är viktigast för att kunna möta patientens behov i livets slutskede. Metod: I studien genomfördes fem semistrukturerade intervjuer baserade på en intervjuguide enligt Dahlen. Intervjuerna analyserades därefter enligt Graneheim & Lundmans modell. Resultat: Resultatet har presenterats i två kategorier med tillhörande egenskaper och förmågor som framkommit under intervjuerna. Egenskaper och förmågorna som lyfts fram är: ödmjukhet, kommunikation mot kollegor, flexibilitet, lyhördhet, förmågan att se den totala smärtan och kommunikation med patienten. Dessa egenskaper och förmågor är de som informanterna tyckte var viktiga för att kunna ge en god palliativ vård. De intervjuade sjuksköterskorna punkterade dock att de egenskaper och förmågor som lyftes fram som viktiga för palliativ vård även var viktig inom andra vårddiscipliner för att god vård skulle uppnås men att fokus i större utsträckning låg på de sociala bitarna av vården jämfört med andra avdelningar. / Background: Palliative care is about caring for patients at the end of life. From its inception in the mid-1900s until now, it has undergone major changes and the ideas about how this care should be carried out is now divided. The modern palliative care aims to give patients good health-wise last time, when the purpose has shifted from curing the patient to symptomatically treat to reduce the pain and discomfort of illness. Aim: To illustrate the qualities and abilities that nurses in palliative inpatient care consider most important in order to meet the patients’ needs in the final stages of life. Method: Five semi-structured interviews were conducted based on an interview guide created according to Dahlen guidelines. The interviews were then analysed according Graneheim & Lund's model. Results: The results are presented in two major categories and their associated skills and abilities that emerged during the interviews. Skills and abilities highlighted are: humility, communication with colleagues, flexibility, responsiveness, ability to see the total pain and communication with the patient. These skills and abilities are those the informants thought were important in order to provide good palliative care.The interviewed nurses pointed out that these qualities and abilities that were highlighted as important for palliative care was also important in other health care disciplines to achieved good healthcare but the focus on social caring within palliative was practiced in a bigger extent compared to other departments.

Psykisk ohälsa är ett utbrett problem i det svenska samhället. En möjlig delförklaring till detta kan vara bristen på utrymme för existentiella frågor i vården såväl som i samhället i stort. På senare tid har existentiella dimensioner av hälsa uppmärksammats allt mer. Det digitala Livsstilsverktyget är utformat för att främja hälsa ur ett holistiskt och existentiellt perspektiv. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka användares upplevelser av existentiell hälsa i relation till Livsstilsverktyget. Sex användare intervjuades och materialet analyserades genom en induktiv tematisk analys. Analysen resulterade i tre teman: Hitta sin egen väg, Omvärderade förhållningssätt och Att vila i något större. Upplevelser av existentiell hälsa i relation till Livsstilsverktyget berörde ökad självkännedom, förändrade förhållningssätt till sig själv och sin omvärld, närvaro i livet och utforskande av andlighet. / Mental illness is a widespread problem in the Swedish society. A partial explanation for this could be the lack of space for existential questions in healthcare and in society as a whole. Recently there has been an increased recognition of existential dimensions of health. The digital lifestyle-tool Livsstilsverktyget is designed to promote health from a holistic and existential perspective. This study aimed to examine users' experience of existential health in relation to Livsstilsverktyget. Six users were interviewed and the material was analyzed through an inductive thematic analysis. The analysis resulted in three themes: Finding one’s own way, Reassessed approaches and To rest in something bigger. Experiences of existential health in relation to Livsstilsverktyget included increased self-awareness, changed approaches to oneself and one's surroundings, presence in life and exploration of spirituality.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning har rapporterat att amning är associerat med flera hälsofördelar för barnet såväl som modern. Trots det är amningsfrekvensen i Sverige sjunkande. En viktig faktor för en fungerande amning är ett gott amningsstöd. I Sverige förmedlas det stödet företrädesvis av barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskor.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskans erfarenheterav att ge amningsstöd.Metod: Studien är av kvalitativ design med en datainsamling som genomfördes via semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskor. Data analyserades med metoden för kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två huvudkategorier som belyser barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att ge amningsstöd: Att främja amningsstödet och Att utmanas vid amningsstöd, med tillhörande sju underkategorier.Konklusion: Ökad kunskap om amning resulterade i större engagemang för ett gott amningsstöd. Amningen främjades av ett individualiserat amningsstöd. Det var av vikt att barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskan anpassade stödet utifrån ammande mödrars erfarenheter av amning. Barnets behov och familjens förväntningar om amning togs även i beaktande. Trots erfarenheter om ett amningsfrämjande arbete utmanades amningsstödet bland annat av bröstmjölksersättning och strävan efter en jämställd relation. / Background: Previous research has reported that breastfeeding is associated with several health benefits for the child as well as the mother. Despite that, the breastfeeding rate in Sweden is declining. An important factor for a functioning breastfeeding is breastfeeding support. In Sweden, that support is preferably provided by nurses in child health care.Purpose: The purpose of the study is to illustrate the child health nurse's experiences of providing breastfeeding support.Method: The study is of a qualitative design with a data collection that was carried out via semi-structured interviews with ten child health nurses. Data were analyzed using the method of qualitative content analysis.Results: The analysis resulted in two main categories that highlight the child health nurse's experiences of providing breastfeeding support: Promoting breastfeeding support and Being challenged by breastfeeding support, with associated seven subcategories.Conclusion: Increased knowledge about breastfeeding resulted in greater commitment to good breastfeeding support. Breastfeeding was promoted by an individualized breastfeeding support. It was important that the child health nurse adapted the support based on breastfeeding mothers' experiences with breastfeeding. The child's needs and the family's expectations about breastfeeding were also taken into consideration. Despite experiences with breastfeeding promotion work, breastfeeding support was challenged, among other things, by breast milk substitutes and the pursuit of an equal relationship.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att patienter värdesätter en god kommunikation som grundar sig på humanitära inslag av respekt, värdighet, genuinhet och värme. Patienterna värdesätter även att ha sjuksköterskor närvarande under livets slutskede. Det framgår även att anhöriga upplevde en lättnad när patienterna blev omhändertagna av sjuksköterskorna. En uppskattning fanns under sjuksköterskornas omvårdnadsnärvaro då en ömsesidig anknytning främjades. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser av palliativ vård under livets slutskede. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie med beskrivande syntes. Analysering av tio artiklar presenteras i examenarbetets resultat. Resultat: Efter analys framkom två teman: Upplevelser av olika känslor och uppleva värdefulla möten med patienter och anhöriga. Sjuksköterskors upplevelser beskrivs där totalt sex subteman identifierats. Slutsats: Viljan av att kunna göra mer under livets slutskede handlade om att kunna vara närvarande för patienter och anhöriga. Att kontinuerligt kunna utvecklas som sjuksköterska och att kommunikation är viktigt att upprätthålla. Upplevelser av bristande vård kunde handla om konflikter med anhöriga, hög arbetsbelastning och om bristande kunskap i sjuksköterskans profession. / Background: Previous research shows that patients value good communication that is based on humanitarian elements of respect, dignity, genuineness and warmth. Patients also value having nurses present during the end of life. It also appears that relatives experienced a sense of relief when the patients were cared for by the nurses. An appreciation existed during the nursing presence of the nurses when a mutual connection was promoted. Purpose: To describe nurses' experiences of palliative care during the end of life. Method: A systematic literature study with descriptive synthesis. Analysis of ten articles is presented in the results of the thesis. Results: After analysis, two themes emerged: Experiences of different emotions and experiencing valuable meetings with patients and relatives. Nurses' experiences are described where a total of six subthemes have been identified. Conclusion: The desire to be able to do more during the final stage of life was about being able to be present for patients and relatives. To be able to continuously develop as a nurse and that it is important to maintain communication. Experiences of lack of care could be about conflicts with relatives, high workload and about a lack of knowledge in the nursing profession.

No description available.

Saljii, M & Nylander, R. Sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att möta familjer inom barnonkologin - en kvalitativ intervjustudie. En kvalitativ intervjustudie. Examensarbete i omvårdnad 15 högskolepoäng. Malmö universitet: Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle, institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2023.   Bakgrund: När ett barn drabbas av cancer påverkas hela familjen. Behandlingen är lång och familjen tillbringar stor del av sin tid på sjukhus. Varje familj är unik vilket gör varje möte unikt. Sjuksköterskan bör arbeta utifrån både ett barncentrerat och ett familjecentrerat förhållningssätt. Sjuksköterskor möter dessa familjer under en lång tid under barnets sjukdomstid vilket gör att det finns ett behov av ökad medvetenhet och kunskap för att kunna möta familjer inom barnonkologin.   Syftet: Syftet med studien var att belysa sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att möta familjer inom barnonkologin. Metod: Datainsamlingen genomfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med yrkesverksamma sjuksköterskor (n=10) med erfarenhet inom barnonkologi. Intervjuerna genomfördes digitalt (n=8) och fysiskt (n=2). Respondenterna rekryterades genom ett bekvämlighetsurval som därefter analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Genomförd analys resulterade i fyra huvudkategorier som belyser sjuksköterskans upplevelse i mötet med familjen inom barnonkologin; Att känna motstridiga känslor, Att känna sig som en del av familjen, Att möta en familj i kris, Att inte förstå varandra. Konklusion: Sjuksköterskorna upplever svårigheter i sitt möte med familjer där det förekommer språkförbristningar samt vid motstridiga känslor i jämförelse med familjen. Det önskas en ökad tillgänglighet av medicinskt utbildade tolkar, att tolkar finns på plats, samt en ökad kunskap och fler redskap för att kunna möta familjerna i olika skeden inom barnonkologin. / Saljii, M & Nylander, R. Nurses experience of meeting families in pediatrics oncology. A qualitative interview study. Essay in nursing 15 credits. Malmö University: Faculty of Health and Society, Department of care science, 2023.   Background: When a child is affected by cancer the whole family is influenced as well. The treatment is immense and the family attends most of their illness duration inside of a hospital. Every family is exclusive and unique which makes every meeting extraordinary. The nurse should work from a child-concetrated and a family-centered approach.  Nurses meet these families during a particularly long time which gives an increased apprehension and knowledge of having the means for family meetings within pediatric care. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to enlighten the nurses experience of meeting families within pediatrics oncology.  Method: The data collection was implemented with semi structured interviews with profession diligent nurses (n=10) in pediatric oncology. The interviews to place digitally (n=8) and in their workplace (n=2). The respondents were recruited through convenience selection thereafter was analysed through a qualitative content analysis.  Results: Completed analysis resulted into four main categories that highlight the nurses experience in the meeting with the family in Pediatric oncology: To feel conflicting emotions, feeling a part of the family, meeting families in crisis and, to not understanding each other. Conclusion: The nurses experience difficulties in the meeting with the family when it befalls language flaws as well as different emotions in comparison with the family. There is a desire for increased availability out of medically educated interpreters, interpreters to be on site as well as increased knowledge and tools in managing to meet the families in different stages within pediatric care.