The Master's Thesis deals with manager´s key competences and their importance in the context of present entrepreneurial environment. It provides the idea of manager´s key competences level in the company. It includes proposals and recommendations to increase efficiency of manager´s work by improving concerete key competences.

Title: Comparison of universal and specific functional stress tests of ski-mountaineerers. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to compare maximal functional parameters of ski-mountaineerers measured during three functional laboratory stress tests. The functional stress tests were set on a treadmill, bicycle ergometer, and on a ski-mountaineer trainer. Consecutively, there is evaluated the meaning of testing of the functional parameters on the ski-mountaineer trainer. Methods: Interindividual and intraindividual descriptive study of 10 ski-mountaineerers of middle and high level performance. Results: The respondents reached the average value of VO2max 63,3 ml.kg-1 .min-1 on the ski-mountaineer trainer, 67,5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 on a treadmill and 66,5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 on a bicycle ergometer. The average measured HR on the ski-mountaineer trainer was 179 heartbeats/min, on the treadmill 185 heartbeats/min and on the bycicle ergometer 183 heartbeats/min. The average value of R reached the value of 1,09 on the ski-mountaineer trainer, 1,18 on the treadmill and 1, 19 on the bycicle ergometer. The highest measured value of VO2max reached on the treadmill was 79,3 ml.kg-1 .min-1 , the bycicle ergometer enabled to reach maximum 76,5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 and the highest value reached on the ski-mountaineer trainer was...

Nous étudions les triangulations dans des espaces de courbure négative constante, en théorie et en pratique. Ce travail est motivé par des applications dans des domaines variés. Nous considérons les complexes de Delaunay et les diagrammes de Voronoï dans la boule de Poincaré, modèle conforme de l'espace hyperbolique, en dimension quelconque. Nous utilisons l'espace des sphères pour la description des algorithmes. Nous étudions aussi les questions algébriques et arithmétiques et observons que les calculs effectués sont rationnels. Les démonstrations sont basées sur des raisonnements géométriques et n'utilisent aucune formulation analytique de la distance hyperbolique. Nous présentons une implantation complète, exacte et efficace en dimension deux. Le code est développé en vue d'une intégration dans la bibliothèque CGAL, qui permettra une diffusion à un large public. Nous étudions ensuite les triangulations de Delaunay des surfaces hyperboliques fermées. Nous définissons une triangulation comme un complexe simplicial afin de permettre l'adaptation de l'algorithme incrémentiel connu pour le cas euclidien. Le cœur de l'approche consiste à montrer l'existence d'un revêtement fini dans lequel les fibres définissent toujours une triangulation de Delaunay. Nous montrons une condition suffisante sur la longueur des boucles non contractiles du revêtement. Dans le cas particulier de la surface de Bolza, nous proposons une méthode pour construire un tel revêtement, en étudiant les sous groupes distingués du groupe fuchsien définissant la surface. Nous considérons des aspects liés à l'implantation. / We study triangulations of spaces of constant negative curvature -1 from both theoretical and practical points of view. This is originally motivated by applications in various fields such as geometry processing and neuro mathematics. We first consider Delaunay complexes and Voronoi diagrams in the Poincaré ball, a conformal model of the hyperbolic space, in any dimension. We use the framework of the space of spheres to give a detailed description of algorithms. We also study algebraic and arithmetic issues, observing that only rational computations are needed. All proofs are based on geometric reasoning, they do not resort to any use of the analytic formula of the hyperbolic distance. We present a complete, exact, and efficient implementation of the Delaunay complex and Voronoi diagram in the 2D hyperbolic space. The implementation is developed for future integration into the CGAL library to make it available to a broad public. Then we study the problem of computing Delaunay triangulations of closed hyperbolic surfaces. We define a triangulation as a simplicial complex, so that the general incremental algorithm for Euclidean Delaunay triangulations can be adapted. The key idea of the approach is to show the existence of a finite-sheeted covering space for which the fibers always define a Delaunay triangulation. We prove a sufficient condition on the length of the shortest non-contractible loops of the covering space. For the specific case of the Bolza surface, we propose a method to actually construct such a covering space, by studying normal subgroups of the Fuchsian group defining the surface. Implementation aspects are considered.

A mudança de uso da terra no Cerrado acarreta em alterações na dinâmica da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS). Práticas de manejo com revolvimento das camadas de solo aceleram a decomposição da MOS, favorecendo as emissões de gases do efeito estufa do solo para atmosfera. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as mudanças na dinâmica da MOS de um Neossolo Quartzarênico submetido a diferentes usos e sistemas de manejo, utilizando como referência o sistema nativo (Cerrado). O presente estudo foi realizado no município de Comodoro - MT (13º50\'00\" a 13º50\'03\" S e 59º37\'18\" O). Foi empregado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com sete áreas de estudo. As coletas foram realizadas em julho de 2005 e fevereiro de 2006 e as áreas amostradas foram: Cerrado nativo (CER); pastagem (CAP22); plantio convencional com a cultura da soja (CS1), sucessão de culturas arroz-soja (CAS3) e sucessão arroz-soja-sorgo ou milheto (CAS/Sor3 e CAS/M3); e plantio direto (CAP13S/M5). Foram estudadas as seguintes variáveis: atributos físicos e químicos do solo, estoques de carbono (C) e nitrogênio (N) do solo, teores de C e N nas frações granulométricas da MOS, quantidades de N inorgânico, C e N microbiano do solo, quociente metabólico (qCO2) e fluxos de gases do solo (CO2, N2O e CH4). Os resultados deste estudo indicaram que os sistemas com plantio convencional e plantio direto avaliados apresentaram melhoria nos atributos físicos e químicos do solo em relação a pastagem (CAP22), com menor compactação do solo e aumento na disponibilidade de fósforo, cálcio e magnésio. Foram obtidos maiores estoques de C e N em CAS/Sor3 e CAS/M3, áreas com maiores teores de argila. A área CAP13S/M5 também mostrou maiores teores de argila, porém baixos estoques de C e N, resultado atribuído ao uso da terra por treze anos com pastagem sem reforma e ao pouco tempo de implantação do sistema plantio direto. Analisando as frações granulométricas da MOS verificou-se maiores teores de C e N na fração menor que 50 \'mü\'m. As maiores quantidades de N inorgânico em relação ao CER foram observados na área CAS/M3, e com exceção desta área, a forma predominante de N inorgânico foi o amônio. Foram obtidas maiores quantidades de C e N microbiano na época úmida, quando todas as áreas estavam com cobertura vegetal. Entre as áreas de estudo, as maiores quantidades de C e N microbiano foram obtidos em CAP22. Os fluxos de C-CO2, com exceção da área CAS/Sor3, foram maiores na época úmida, enquanto que os fluxos de N-N2O e C-CH4 foram semelhantes entre as épocas de estudo. Os fluxos de gases em C equivalente não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre as áreas de estudo devido ao alto desvio padrão verificado para cada gás. A mudança de uso da terra promove alterações na dinâmica da MOS, porém neste estudo não foi possível distinguir qual o melhor sistema de uso para o Neossolo Quartzarênico devido ao pouco tempo de implantação dos sistemas plantio convencional e plantio direto, e a degradação da pastagem (apesar do maior tempo de implantação) / Land-use changes of Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) result in alterations of the soil organic matter (SOM). Managements practices with tillage accelerate the SOM decomposition, enhancing greenhouse gases emissions from the soil to the atmosphere. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the changes in the SOM dynamics of a Typic Quartzipisamment submitted to different uses and managements systems, using as reference the native system (Cerrado). The present study was conducted in areas located at Comodoro (Mato Grosso state, Brazil) (from 13º50\'00\" till 13º50\'03\" S and 59º37\'18\" W). At each site, samples were taken randomly within seven areas. Sampling activities were performed in July 2005 and February 2006 and the sample sites consist of an area of \"Cerrado\" (CER); pasture (CAP22); conventional tillage with soybean (CS1), rice-soybean succession (CAS3) and rice-soybean-sorghum or millet (CAS/Sor3 and CAS/M3) successions; and a field with no-tillage system (CAP13S/M5). Studied variables were: physical and chemical attributes, C and N stocks, isotopic composition of 13C/12C and 15N/14N, C and N content in the SOM fractions, quantity of inorganic N, microbial C and N biomass, metabolic quotient (qCO2), and the soil gases fluxes (CO2, N2O and CH4). The results of this study showed that all evaluated fields under conventional or no-tillage systems result in physical and chemical attribute improvement in relation to the pasture (CAP22), with soil compaction decrease, pH increase and improvement of the availability in phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. The C and N stocks were higher in areas CAS/Sor3 and CAS/M3, corresponding to the highest clay content. The area CAP13S/M5 showed similar clay content, but smaller C and N stocks, this result was attributed to the land-use: thirteen years as pastures without reform and also the short time of no-tillage implantation. Analyzing the SOM fractions, it was verified higher C and N contents in the 50 \'mü\'m fraction. The higher quantities of inorganic N in relation to the CER were found in area CAS/M3, and with exception of this area, ammonium was the predominant form of inorganic N. Higher quantities of the microbial C and N were obtained during the wet season, when all areas presented a cover crop. Among areas, the higher quantities of microbial C and N were obtained in CAP22. The fluxes of C-CO2, excepting area CAS/Sor3, were higher during the wet season, while the fluxes of N-N2O and C-CH4 were similar between seasons studied, because high standard deviations were calculated for each gas. The land use promoted alterations in SOM dynamic, however it was not possible to differentiate the best land use for this Typic Quartzipisamment, mainly due to the short time of no-tillage implantation, and the degradation of the pasture (although of the implantation time was higher)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T18:16:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Michelle.pdf: 1395599 bytes, checksum: cac6fbdd72eabe7033af354481125571 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-20 / INTRODUCTION. Health professionals are especially concerned with the care of low birth weight children. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, birth weight below 2500 grams is considered as low. Low birth weight has been found to place the child s future emotional, intellectual, and learning development at risk. Some studies have shown that, on the average, during the preschool phase, premature and low birth weight children evince lower cognitive performance than their normal weight peers. OBJECTIVES. Ascertain the epidemiological and neurological profile of premature, low birth weight children evaluated in a hospital school in Sao Luis, Maranhão. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach to birth cohort in 2001 of newborns admitted to the Hospital Unit of the Maternal and Child HUUFMA. Researchers recorded 45 records, only 27 of these children participated in the study was conducted using survey data from medical records and was applied to Scale WISC III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Based on findings, although the children sampled were from low-income families, their average total IQ (WISC-III) was in the normal range. Within the children sample there were no significant differences between Verbal and Performance IQ. No significant dependence relationship between epidemiological variables and preterm low birth weight.CONCLUSION: Regardless of birth weight, without severe complications during pregnancy and childbirth, the child can develop their cognitive intellectual, their social and cognitive social skills in a satisfactory and harmonious, (provided that adequately stimulated and under the guidance of skilled professionals), the same way that passes the development of children born at term and normal birth weight. / INTRODUÇÃO: É grande o interesse de profissionais da área da Saúde para com os cuidados com crianças que nascem com baixo peso. Segundo a OMS (Organização Mundial de Saúde), são consideradas de baixo peso, crianças nascidas com peso ≤ 2.500g. As habilidades intelectuais, sociais e emocionais são necessárias para o bom desempenho escolar. Déficits de desenvolvimento se tornam especialmente evidentes quando as crianças atingem a idade pré-escolar, indicando que crianças que foram bebês prematuros de baixo peso ao nascimento têm desempenho escolar significativamente pior em relação a crianças da mesma idade. OBJETIVOS: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico e neuropsicológico de crianças prematuras, com baixo peso, assistidas em um hospital maternidade escola de São Luís, Maranhão. METODOLOGIA: Realizou-se estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, com coorte de nascimento no ano de 2001 de recém nascidos internados no Hospital Universitário Unidade Materno-Infantil do HUUFMA. Pesquisou-se 45 prontuários, destas crianças apenas 27 participaram do estudo, realizou-se levantamento de dados através dos prontuários e foi aplicada a Escala WISC III. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Na pesquisa realizada os pais das crianças apresentavam nível sócio-econômico baixo, mas as crianças, em sua maioria apresentaram QI Total na categoria média na Escala WISC III; não foi encontrada nenhuma diferença estatística em QI Verbal, QI de execução e QI total dos grupos estudados, nem relação de dependência significativa entre variáveis epidemiológicas e prematuridade com baixo peso. CONCLUSÃO: Independente do peso ao nascer, sem intercorrências graves durante a gravidez e parto, a criança pode desenvolver seu cognitivo intelectual, seu cognitivo social e suas habilidades sociais de forma satisfatória e harmônica, (desde que estimuladas adequadamente e sob orientação de profissionais especializados), da mesma forma que transcorre o desenvolvimento de crianças que nascem a termo e com peso normal ao nascer.

Ce travail est la synthèse de travaux de recherches en mathématiques, dont les thèmes sont empruntés à la géométrie algébrique, la combinatoire analytique et les probabilités. La première partie concerne les variétés algébriques complexes de dimension trois. On y présente un calcul de la cohomologie singulière de variétés toriques lisses non complètes, ainsi que la construction d'un modèle toroïdal des singularités-quotient, dont le calcul nécessite l'étude combinatoire fine de l'action des groupes finis de matrices unitaires sur le plan projectif. La deuxième partie développe une adaptation "hybride" de la méthode de Darboux et de l'analyse des singularités pour le développement asymptotique des coefficients d'une série entière dans certains cas de frontière naturelle d'analyticité. De nombreux exemples issus de l'analyse combinatoire sont ainsi traités, dont celui de l'analyse d'algorithmes de factorisation de polynômes sur les corps finis qui sont utilisés en calcul formel et pour les codes correcteurs d'erreurs. La troisième partie résout une conjecture sur les arbres $m$-aires de recherche qui sont une structure fondamentale de l'algorithmiques des ensembles de données. Le modèle considéré est un modèle d'urnes qui se généralise en la notion de processus aléatoires de Pòlya dont le comportement asymptotique général est étudié. Dans la quatrième partie, on construit un arbre aléatoire associé à la \emph{Chaos Game Representation} utilisée en bio-mathématique et en bio-informatique du génôme. Les asymptotiques de la hauteur et de la profondeur d'insertion de ces arbres y sont établies.

Les relations entre les paramètres de source glottique et la qualité vocale sont étudiées en voix parlée et chantée, par étude spectrale des modèles de signaux, par mesures acoustiques et électroglottographiques et par détermination des seuils différentiels. Les corrélats spectraux de ces paramètres sont évalués à partir des expressions analytiques temporelles et spectrales des modèles de signaux. Une augmentation de l'amplitude de voisement ou de la vitesse de fermeture entraîne une amplification spectrale globale. Le quotient ouvert et le coefficient d'asymétrie sont corrélés à la fréquence et la largeur de bande du formant glottique, ainsi qu'à l'amplitude de la pente spectrale. Le quotient de phase de retour affecte la pente spectrale en haute fréquence. L'estimation du quotient ouvert à partir de la différence spectrale entre les deux premiers harmoniques, H1-H2, est étudiée de façon théorique et expérimentale. Elle n'est pas adaptée aux signaux de voix chantée, où l'interaction entre source et filtre devient importante. L'utilisation des signaux électroglottographiques dérivés, qui permettent de détecter les instants d'ouverture et de fermeture glottique indépendamment du système supraglottique, est explorée et des méthodes de mesure de la fréquence fondamentale et du quotient ouvert sont proposées. Une base de données a été constituée, par enregistrement simultané des signaux acoustiques et électroglottographiques de 18 chanteurs entraînés sur des voyelles tenues, des sons filés ou des phrases parlées et chantées. Le quotient ouvert est analysé en fonction de l'intensité vocale et de la fréquence fondamentale, dans les deux principaux mécanismes laryngés de production vocale. Il présente des valeurs plus élevées en mécanisme II (0.5 < Oq < 0.95) qu'en mécanisme I (0.3 < Oq < 0.8) et la transition entre mécanismes s'accompagne d'un saut marqué de quotient ouvert. Il est fortement corrélé à l'intensité vocale en mécanisme I et à la fréquence fondamentale en mécanisme II et dépend de l'ouverture de la voyelle émise. Les seuils différentiels associés au quotient ouvert et au coefficient d'asymétrie sont mesurés. Le seuil différentiel relatif DOq/Oq est de l'ordre de 14 % pour 20 sujets non-entraînés et 10 % pour 10 sujets entraînés. Il ne varie pas lors d'un changement de voyelle ou de fréquence fondamentale, mais dépend du paramètre d'amplitude et de la présence ou non d'un vibrato.

Découvrir des renversements de tendances entre deux cubes de données offre aux utilisateurs une connaissance nouvelle et intéressante lors des fluctuations de l'univers réel modélisé : quelles sont les nouveautés ? Quelle tendance apparaît ou disparaît ? Nous introduisons le nouveau concept de Cube Émergent. Il capture les renversements de tendances en mettant en œuvre une contrainte d'émergence (conjonction de contrainte monotones et antimonotones). Les bordures, classiques en fouille de données, sont reprises pour le Cube Émergent. Dans un second temps, nous proposons un nouveau couple de bordures pour optimiser à la fois l'espace de stockage et le temps de calcul. Cette nouvelle représentation fournit une caractérisation simple de la taille du Cube Émergent aussi bien que des outils de classification et de navigation dans les cubes. La connexion entre les bordures classiques et celles proposées est formellement établie en utilisant le concept de cube transversal. Connaître la taille du Cube Émergent est d'un grand intérêt, en particulier pour ajuster au mieux la contrainte d'émergence sous-jacente. Cette problématique est traitée en étudiant une borne supérieure et en caractérisant la taille exacte du Cube Émergent. Deux stratégies sont proposées pour estimer rapidement cette taille : la première est basée sur une estimation analytique, sans accès à la base de données, la seconde s'appuie sur un comptage probabiliste utilisant les bordures proposées comme entrée de l'algorithme proche de l'optimal HYPERLOGLOG. Grâce à la particulière efficacité de cet algorithme, plusieurs itérations peuvent être réalisées pour calibrer au mieux la contrainte d'émergence. De plus, des nouvelles représentations réduites et sans perte d'information du Cube Émergent sont proposées en utilisant le concept de fermeture cubique.

In schizophrenia, subtle aberrations in the brain cause functional disturbances like psychotic symptoms and social disability. There are, however, also disturbances outside the CNS indicating a systemic manifestation in the disease. The aim of the present thesis was to gain deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia with a particular interest in peripheral and systemic manifestations with relevance for the increased risk of obesity and metabolic complications seen in the disease. Therefore, resting energy expenditure (REE), physical capacity, and relevant body composition variables were measured in patients with schizophrenia and in healthy controls. Also niacin skin flush response and electrodermal activity (EDA) were studied. Patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly lower REE expressed as kJ/kg, and also lower values compared with predicted levels than the controls. The difference could not be attributed to medication or variations in body composition between the two groups. There was a gender difference with the lowest levels found in male patients. Male patients exhibited significantly lower physical capacity in terms of predicted maximal oxygen uptake capacity and faster increase in respiratory quotient than male controls. The oral niacin test revealed a significantly delayed skin flush reaction in patients compared with controls. The patients also exhibited lower EDA response. There was a significant association in response patterns for the niacin and the EDA tests in the patients, but not in controls. In a test-retest study in patients there was acceptable stability for EDA measures but low test-retest stability for niacin variables. The previously found association in responses for the two tests was, however, replicated. The results gain support for the concept of schizophrenia as a disease with systemic manifestations including metabolic dysregulation. The findings add to the understanding of the weight gain and the increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity seen in this condition.

Tyrimo objektas: skirtingos lyties, gimimo amžiaus, svorio ir ūgio kūdikių motorinės raidos kitimas taikant kineziterapiją. Tyrimo problema: Labai svarbu kuo anksčiau atrinkti vaikus, kurių raida nukrypsta nuo normos, yra paveikta ar veikiama rizikos veiksnių. Mokslinės medicininės literatūros šaltiniuose (Mockevičienė, 2003; Prasauskienė, 2003) teigiama, kad vaikų raidai ryškų poveikį turi gimimo savaitė ir naujagimio ūgis, svoris. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti kineziterapijos poveikį skirtingos lyties, gimimo amžiaus, svorio ir ūgio kūdikių motorinei raidai. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1.Nustatyti kineziterapijos poveikį mergaičių ir berniukų motorinei raidai. 2. Nustatyti kineziterapijos poveikį išnešiotų ir neišnešiotų kūdikių motorinei raidai. 3. Nustatyti kineziterapijos poveikį normalaus ir mažo kūno svorio kūdikių motorinei raidai. 4. Nustatyti kineziterapijos poveikį skirtingo ūgio kūdikių motorinei raidai. 5. Nustatyti koreliacinius ryšius tarp vertintų rodiklių. Tyrimo metodai ir organizavimas: tyrimas buvo atliktas Klaipėdos Sutrikusio Vystymosi kūdikių namuose nuo 2009 m. ir truko 3 mėnesius. Ankstyvosios reabilitacijos ir korekcijos skyriuje tiriamųjų (n=20, chronologinis amžius – nuo 1 iki 11 mėnesių) motorinė branda buvo vertinama prieš ir po kineziterapijos procedūrų pagal Miuncheno funkcinės raidos diagnostiką bei apskaičiuojamas motorikos koeficientas ir įvertinta raumenų įtampa. Tyrimo išvados: 1. Po kineziterapijos mergaičių ir berniukų motorinė raida pagerėjo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of study: improvement of motor development in infants of different gender, gestational age, body weight and height. Issue of study: It is very important to select the children, whose development deviates from normal and is affected or under affect of risk factors, as earlier as possible. The sources of scientific medical literature (Mockevičienė, 2003; Prasauskienė, 2003) states that the week of birth, newborn's tature and weight have strong influence on the development of children. Aim of study: to determine the influence of physiotherapy on motor development of babies with different gender, age of birth, weight and stature. Goals of study: 1. To determine the influence of physiotherapy on motor development of girls and boys. 2. To determine the influence of physiotherapy on motor development of full-term and pre-term infants. 3. To determine the influence of physiotherapy on motor development of normal and low body weight infants. 4. To determine the influence of physiotherapy on motor development of different stature babies. 5. To determine correlations among evaluation ratios. Methods and organization of study: the research was done in Klaipeda’s baby-house of developmental disorders in 2009 and it took 3 months. The motor maturity, motor quotient (MQ) and muscle tone of 20 infants’ (with chronological age from 1 month till 11 months) were evaluated before and after physiotherapy according to Munich Functional Developmental Diagnostic scale. Conclusions: 1. The... [to full text]