Continuous research and innovation had played the most important role for an enterprise to maintain his competitive advantage and ensure his sustainability. However, new product life time is getting shorter as known, it¡¦s getting more and more customize-designed products, and the needed technology also upgrade quickly. In order to face the global competition as we are forced to, an enterprise have to develop a new product instantly according to customer need, and take a leading position in the market by well aligning with technology trend, integrating internal & external resources, and best utilizing own core competence. This study designs a framework for a research & development strategy planning and its process management by referring to a new business model. By case study methodology, it had been investigated how a global company practice with the 7 key success factors which had been designed in the framework. These key success factors are : 1.Globalization 2.Customer and partner relationship 3.New product concept and technology 4.Build a effective and more innovative organization 5,Project portfolio management 6.Excellent Business Balanced Scored Card 7.Apply continuous improvement methodology on research management. This study had also investigated the company¡¦s performance on his technology leadership, intellectual property & patent and new product development performance. It can be primary conclusion that a completely integral research & development strategy planning and intensive/systematic research & development process management will do help a enterprise to have competitive advantages. It¡¦s also observed this research & development framework is quite in line with new business model, and all concerned factors and its process are very similar, which means an new business model is also valid for innovation activities of a company, who should consider long term strategy, new product and market scope, differential basis, own core competence and strategic resources, value network of suppliers and partners, global sourcing by joint-development, merge and technology transfer in order to have the needed new technology so that can create the maximum benefit for company.

Although R&D activities continue to be the latest internationalized of MNCs¡¦ value adding activities even in the most internationalized industries, affiliates of MNCs have begun to account for a considerable proportion of domestic innovative activity in a number of countries. MNC decision-makings with respect to the location of R&D is determined by many factors, such as cost consideration, market size, excellent technological environment, policy factor, to transfer technology and to adapt their technology to the host market. Those above are R&D motivations. Therefore, this research will explore if the R&D motivations affect the R&D strategy. Furthermore, many researches also found that the firm-specific features effects the R&D strategy. And the firm-specific features in the research include nationality, size, the degree of R&D capability and resources in the MNC subsidiary. Finally, the research categorizes the R&D strategies into locally responsive R&D strategy and globally integrated R&D strategy. The purpose of this research is to explore a framework to analyze the relationship among the dependent variables (that are motivation and firm-specific feature) and the independent variable (that are locally responsive R&D strategy and globally integrated R&D strategy). 54 samples of MNC subsidiaries in Taiwan are used in this research, and method of multiple regression is used to test these hypotheses. Finally, we can find that R&D motivations and firm-specific features have significant effects on R&D strategies practices in MNC subsidiaries in Taiwan.

The Taiwan IC assembly industry was based on foreign IDM to establish the IC factories, who led to assembly, test and quality control technology for the back-end production in 1960. The foundation of Taiwan IC assembly industry is until the first local assembly house was established in 1971. The report studies on the relation between the products R&D strategy and core resources in IC assembly industry. With the one of local companies for sample, studies the R&D strategy on product and its model in rapid growth in the recent 15 years. Hoping the report can contribute to industry in specific R&D strategy, technology enhancement and the further study. Key Word: Semiconductor Packaging¡FR&D Strategy¡FR&D Strategy Development Model¡FLife Cycle

技術創新成果對事業的獲利能力有正面的影響，因此，如何提昇技術創新績效，成為許多學者研究的重點。以往學者的研究，都希望發掘關鍵性的影響要素，以期經由要素的掌握、管理，提升技術創新績效。本研究亦期望藉著瞭解企業策略與研發策略內涵之間的關係，釐清二類策略之間的配適問題，始能提昇研發績效。 　　根據個案研究與問卷分析的發現，本研究歸納結論如下： 　　1. 在技術發展的重點上，一直以「產品技術」為重點，且有逐漸增加的趨勢。 　　2. 在關鍵技術來源方面，「模仿競爭者產品」的情況顯著的減少，「與國內研究機構合作開發」、「與國外廠商技術合作」的情形有顯著增加的趨勢。 　　3. 在主要技術專案之決策單位方面，隨著時間的演變，「由相關部門會議決定並呈報上級核准」、「由一特定委員會決定」以及「由特定部門決定」有顯著增加的趨勢。 　　4. 在技術專案的管理方式上，「由研發部門統籌管理」有逐漸式微的趨勢；而「成立委員會管理」、「矩陣式的新產品專案管理」等兩種情境，有隨時間演進而顯著增加的趨勢。可見，隨著時間的演進，企業常用的技術專案之管理方式，已漸漸走向整合協調各部門資源的管理模式。 　　5. 個案公司所進行的研究以應用研究為主（除了宏碁與聲寶有從事基礎研究），而研發經費佔營業額的比例約在3%左右，可見電子資訊業研發經費比例有較高的傾向。

This doctoral thesis consists of five self-contained essays on interaction in R&D between university researchers and private firms. Together, these essays explore the conditions under which private firms benefit from spillovers from publicly funded and organised research. From the first essay, which sets out to empirically validate the theoretical arguments about the benefits of university-industry interaction for private firms, the thesis follows a line of pursuit that goes back and forth between exploration of the different benefits that firms enjoy from university interaction and the relationships between these benefits and the conditions of interaction. In essay II, a typology of rationales for establishing cooperative relations is presented. A considerable breadth of interaction rationales is documented, but on closer examination, a “core” set of rationales related to innovation in terms of invented or improved products or processes are found to be the main drivers of interaction. Developing this view, three critical issues previously studied within innovation economics are re-considered from the point of view of firm rationales for interaction; public co-funding of university-firm interaction (essay II), the role of geographic proximity for interaction on R&D (essay III) and the organisation of public sector research (public research institutes and universities) in relation to firm level competences (essay IV). In a fifth essay, four ideal types of strategy for localised interaction between R&D subsidiaries and universities are proposed. Through the framework developed in this essay, the rationales for interaction are related to the overall R&D strategy of multinational firms. Concluding the thesis, it is discussed how the research presented herein opens up for improved theorizing around the roles of academic research for industrial innovation. / QC 20100706

With the growing competition both on domestic and on international markets, SMEs face very specific challenges to sustain in their activity. A strategy to gain a competitive edge can be to internationalize innovative activities. In this work the internationalization of innovation is reflected in the context of SMEs. This is done in the first step by making a connection between research on SMEs, on Internationalization and on R&D and subsequently building a theoretical framework. In the second step, the innovative activity of a Swiss firm's Czech subsidiary is investigated on a case-study basis from the perspective of the suggested theoretical framework. The main contribution of this work to research is that it puts in a research field, which is dominated by large enterprises, the focus on SMEs.

台灣高科技代工製造業在全球攻城掠地，以強大的規模經濟為出發，在國際上以成本競爭建立起今日強大的地位，有別於這些檯面上的大型高科技廠商，其實台灣還有另外一群占據了利基市場的中小型高科技廠商，他們沒有龐大的土地、沒有寬廣的廠房、沒有動輒破萬的員工數，沒有精密計算的財務槓桿，他們運用深耕利基市場的決心，創造了台灣的另一種企業神話。 本研究以此出發，選定利基產業中最具代表性的安全監控產業作為研究對象，從中選出兩間獲利能力最強的代表廠商奇偶科技與陞泰科技，以深入訪談的方式了解兩間個案公司建立核心能力的途徑，並利用哈佛大學Dorothy Barton(1998)出版的專書「知識創新之泉-智價企業的經營」中所指出的核心能力建構模式加以分析兩間個案公司之所以能形成強大核心能力的關鍵因素。 透過二手資料的蒐集與深入訪談，本研究認為兩間個案公司之所以能形成強大、特殊的核心能力，主要與其明確的研發策略、對市場需求的反應與創辦人之背景高度相關，透過創辦團隊引進獨特的經營哲學，於此哲學之上建構具體的研發目標，輔以快速的蒐集市場資訊、與使用者互動擷取需求的機制，個案公司得以主宰安全監控產業。 本研究也指出了整套的核心能力建構流程，供其他位於利基產業的廠商參考，期許台灣未來會出現更多這樣優秀的小規模科技廠商。 / Taiwanese high-tech manufacturing firms stormed the global market with low cost production capability and built solid market share. But there are still some other small Taiwanese high-tech firms that focus on niche markets. They don’t need big assets and large amount of employees, they don’t even use financial leverage to expend their operation. What they depend is the long time focus strategy that assured the high profit and non-replaceable status in their industry. Surveillance digital video recorder market is one of this kind of niche market. We chose two representative companies-Geo Vision and AVTech to do further case study and adapt the core capability building model which published by Prof. Dorothy Leonard Barton in the book “Wellsprings of Knowledge”to demonstrate the way this kind of niche high-tech companies build their core competence. Through this research, we found that the companies built their core capability base on the same pattern. Joint product development with users and market information screening made the case companies learn how to set a R&D goal that fits the expectation of users. Based on this goal, the case companies built their own R&D capabilities with different philosophy that their founders believe to realize the product concept. Through this pattern, the two case companies dominant the DVR industry. In this research we also found that the way they build their core capabilities is highly correlated to the back ground of their founder teams Moreover, we conclude the findings and integrated them into some simple ideas that other companies can adapt to build their own core capabilities.

¡@¡@At present, the essence situation of biotechnology industries in Taiwan lacks a market-oriented innovation system as sturdy as in advanced countries such as U.S.A., Canada, European Union, and Japan, et cetera. In the technology innovation processes including different gradations such as basic science, application research, technologies development and commercialization, all the R&D of biotechnology industries in Taiwan, ready for a innovation system, many strategies and projects with relation to R&D. However, in the commercialization gradation, having an unremarkable and approximate gap among biotechnology industries, venture capitals, authorities, academia, research institutes and corporations, with reciprocal effects to each other, that are inferior to these advanced countries. ¡@¡@The thesis research in estimating for the R&D performances of biotechnology industries in Taiwan, it makes use of the SPSS l0.0 and AMOS 5.0 for Windows to compute all raw data of sampling survey, after analyzing to demonstrate the structural equation modeling of estimating at the R&D performances of biotechnology industries of Taiwan, that the final result make sure of perfect goodness of fit for the model. The model could be transform into different structures to estimating at the R&D performances of all circles of biotechnology, to make up the gap between anticipated success and unexpected failure. ¡@¡@The conclusion reveals a special significance of business management, means that the R&D innovation system of biotechnology industries of Taiwan, should be operated in coordination with specific strategies and policies of the authorities, then certainty executing all science and technology projects to obtain the R&D performances in essence. In other words, the R&D innovation system of biotech industries of Taiwan still has many demands for investing more human resource, venture capital in R&D, having a well-arranged application for system resources, supplying the market with many well-appropriated laws and regulations, to communicating with international science and technology innovation systems in the world, et cetera. After accomplishing all as above, the R&D prospect of Taiwan¡¦s biotechnology industries will be well in the future.