Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 463170.pdf: 740690 bytes, checksum: 9dba9e0a16f1d45607760959a7972ac1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / OBJECTIVES : To assess the association between fluid management and the occurrence of pulmonary hemorrhage in extremely low birth weight infants. To investigate prenatal conditions (as corticosteroid and intrauterine growth restriction) and postnatal conditions (as surfactant and patent ductus arteriosus) as possible risk factors for pulmonary hemorrhage in premature infants. PATIENTS AND METHODS : A retrospective case-control study was conducted through analysis of medical records, in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Hospital S?o Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, including the period between 2003 and 2013. All infants with birth weight less than or equal to 1000 g who developed a clinical picture of massive pulmonary hemorrhage were eligible for the study. Infants without pulmonary hemorrhage, at the same range of weight and/or gestational age, born consecutively to each case, were selected as controls. RESULTS : Fifty-six preterm infants, 28 cases and 28 controls, participated in the study. Patients with pulmonary hemorrhage had higher in-hospital mortality, occurring 23 deaths (82.1%), when compared with controls, who had 12 deaths (42.9%) (p=0.006). Intracranial hemorrhage was diagnosed in 12 of 28 cases (48%) and in four of 28 control patients (14%) (p=0.01). Diuresis in the second day of life was lower in the pulmonary hemorrhage group (2.5 mL/kg/h) compared with controls (3.5 mL/kg/h) (p=0.019). In the group of cases, reduction of the infused volume was associated with the outcome: of the 21 patients who had fluid restriction, 15 (71.5%) survived to pulmonary hemorrhage, whereas all patients in whom the reduction in volume was not performed had pulmonary hemorrhage-related death (p=0.003). Volume reduction associated with the use of diuretic was also associated with lower risk of death from pulmonary hemorrhage: in 14.2% of those who used this combination and 69.2% of those who did not use, death due to pulmonary hemorrhage occurred (p=0.006). These results suggest that fluid retention may be associated to the occurrence of pulmonary hemorrhage and that the management with infused volume restriction and diuretic administration shortly after the start of pulmonary hemorrhage can be effective in reducing mortality. / OBJETIVOS : Avaliar a associa??o entre o manejo h?drico e a ocorr?ncia de hemorragia pulmonar em rec?m-nascidos prematuros de extremo baixo peso. Investigar condi??es pr?-natais (como uso de corticoide e restri??o do crescimento intrauterino) e p?s-natais (como uso de surfactante e persist?ncia do canal arterial) como poss?veis fatores de risco para hemorragia pulmonar em prematuros. PACIENTES E M?TODOS : Foi realizado um estudo tipo caso-controle retrospectivo, por meio da an?lise de prontu?rios, na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal do Hospital S?o Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, abrangendo o per?odo entre 2003 e 2013. Todos os rec?m-nascidos com peso de nascimento de 1000 g ou menos que apresentaram quadro cl?nico de hemorragia pulmonar maci?a foram eleg?veis para o estudo. Rec?m-nascidos sem hemorragia pulmonar, da mesma faixa de peso e/ou idade gestacional, nascidos consecutivamente a cada caso, foram selecionados como controles. RESULTADOS : Participaram deste estudo 56 rec?m-nascidos prematuros, sendo 28 casos e 28 controles. Os pacientes que tiveram hemorragia pulmonar apresentaram maior mortalidade intra-hospitalar, ocorrendo 23 ?bitos (82,1%), em compara??o aos controles, que totalizaram 12 ?bitos (42,9%) (p=0,006). Hemorragia intracraniana foi diagnosticada em 12 dos 28 casos (48%) e em quatro dos 28 controles (14%) (p=0,01). A diurese do segundo dia de vida foi menor no grupo com hemorragia pulmonar (2,5 ml/kg/h) em compara??o aos controles (3,5 ml/kg/h) (p=0,019). No grupo de casos, a redu??o do volume h?drico infundido associou-se ao desfecho: dos 21 pacientes que tiveram restri??o h?drica, 15 (71,5%) sobreviveram ? hemorragia pulmonar, enquanto todos os pacientes em que n?o foi realizada a redu??o de volume tiveram ?bito relacionado ? hemorragia pulmonar (p=0,003). A redu??o de volume associada ao uso de diur?tico tamb?m foi associada a menor risco de morte pela hemorragia pulmonar, sendo que em 14,2% dos que usaram essa combina??o e em 69,2% dos que n?o usaram, ocorreu ?bito devido ? hemorragia pulmonar (p=0,006). CONCLUS?ES : Os resultados sugerem que a reten??o h?drica pode estar associada ? ocorr?ncia de hemorragia pulmonar, e que o manejo com restri??o de volume infundido e administra??o de diur?ticos, logo ap?s o in?cio da hemorragia, pode ser efetivo na redu??o da mortalidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 464697.pdf: 879216 bytes, checksum: 37696acdb93f5257a99df54817b38653 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-26 / Background and aims: Studies show that offering supplementary formula to the newborn interferes with the maintenance of breastfeeding. However, these studies did not select only term infants born by elective cesarean section. It is important to know the characteristics of this population of newborns to ensure that they are exposed to the same effects of supplement feedings observed in newborns in general. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of formula supplement in newborns at term undergoing elective cesarean section. Methods: A cohort study including newborns at term and their mothers, whose deliveries occurred by elective cesarean section at Moinhos de Vento Hospital, a private general hospital located in Porto Alegre city, in South Brazil, was conducted from October 2011 to April 2013. Initial data were obtained from medical records of newborns and through interviews with mothers in the recovery room. Follow-up was done by telephone contact with each mother, at the end of the second week of life, in the third month, and in the sixth month after birth. The proportion of infants who had a food supplement prescribed in the first prescription was evaluated, as well as the use of supplement before and / or after the first 24 hours of life. The chi-square test was performed with the respective residue analysis. To obtain the effects corrected for the influence of other variables, a model of logistic regression was adjusted, having as response variables "exclusive breastfeeding at three months" and "breastfeeding at six months," and as dependent variables those significant at the 30% level in previous analyzes. Quality of fit and significance of the logistic model were verified using the Hosmer and Lemeshow test. Significance of the coefficients of the model was verified by the Wald statistics, and those significant at the 5% level were kept in the model. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 17.0. Results: At all 964 pairs mother / baby were studied, whose median maternal age was 32 years (from 29.5 to 35.5, min., 18 max. 40th). Nineteen (1.9%) mothers started breastfeeding already in the delivery room, and 936 (97.0%) started in the recovery room. In the first prescription, 811 (84.1%) newborns had already formula supplement prescribed, however only 467 (48.5%) actually received it. Of the 964 mothers, 675 (70.0%) were breastfeeding exclusively in the third month. At six months, 781 (81.0%) mothers were still breastfeeding, but 868 (90.0%) had already introduced other foods, and 737 (76.4%) were already working. Infants that were fully breastfeeding at three months comprised: 386/497 (77.7%) infants who never received supplementation; 289/467 (61.8%) who received in-hospital formula at some point (p<0.001); 146/246 (56.9%) who received supplementation before 24 hours of life (P<0.001); and 242/396 who received supplementation after 24 hours of life (P<0.001). After multivariate analysis, it was found that supplement use before 24 hours of life and supplement use after 24 hours of life remained associated with lack of exclusive breastfeeding at three months (p=0.001 and p=0.003 respectively). Conclusions: In this population of babies born by elective caesarean section, even with a good breastfeeding success rate, use of formula supplement in the first hours of life was strongly associated with reduction in exclusive breastfeeding at three months. It should be emphasized the importance of a very careful decision to use supplementation and prescription of formula feedings to newborn infants, as well as the need for justifying the decision in the hospital records. / Introdu??o e objetivos: Estudos mostram que oferecer complemento alimentar ao rec?m-nascido interfere com a manuten??o do aleitamento materno. Entretanto, esses estudos n?o selecionaram somente beb?s a termo nascidos por cesariana eletiva. ? importante conhecer as particularidades dessa popula??o de rec?m-nascidos e verificar se est?o expostos aos mesmos efeitos da complementa??o alimentar observados nos rec?m-nascidos em geral. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do complemento alimentar sobre o aleitamento materno, em rec?m-nascidos a termo submetidos ? cesariana eletiva. M?todos: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte incluindo rec?m-nascidos a termo e suas m?es, cujos partos ocorreram por ces?rea eletiva no Hospital Moinhos de Vento, um hospital geral particular localizado em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, no per?odo de outubro de 2011 a abril de 2013. Os dados iniciais foram obtidos dos prontu?rios dos rec?m-nascidos e mediante entrevistas com as m?es na sala de recupera??o. O seguimento foi feito por contato telef?nico com cada m?e, ao final da segunda semana de vida, no terceiro m?s e no sexto m?s ap?s o nascimento. Foi avaliada a propor??o de rec?m-nascidos que tiveram o complemento alimentar prescrito na primeira prescri??o, assim como a utiliza??o de complemento antes e/ou ap?s as primeiras 24 horas de vida. Foi realizado o teste de associa??o qui-quadrado, com a respectiva an?lise de res?duos. Para a obten??o dos efeitos corrigidos pela influ?ncia das demais vari?veis, um modelo de regress?o log?stica foi ajustado tendo como vari?veis de resposta amamenta??o exclusiva aos tr?s meses e "amamentando aos seis meses, e vari?veis dependentes aquelas significativas ao n?vel de 30% nas an?lises anteriores. A qualidade do ajuste e a signific?ncia do modelo log?stico foram verificadas atrav?s do teste de Hosmer e Lemeshow. A signific?ncia dos coeficientes do modelo foi verificada atrav?s da estat?stica de Wald e foram mantidos aqueles significativos ao n?vel de 5%. Os dados foram analisados com o aux?lio do programa SPSS vers?o 17.0. Resultados: Foram estudados 964 pares m?e/beb?, cuja mediana de idade materna foi de 32 anos (29,5-35,5, m?n. 18, m?x. 40), sendo que 19 (1,9%) come?aram a amamentar j? na sala de partos e 936 (97,0%) iniciaram na sala de recupera??o. Na primeira prescri??o, 811 (84,1%) rec?m-nascidos j? tinham complemento alimentar prescrito, entretanto somente 467 (48,5%) efetivamente o receberam. Das 964 m?es, 675 (70,0%) estavam amamentando exclusivamente ao seio no terceiro m?s. Com seis meses, 781 (81,0%) ainda estavam amamentando, por?m 868 (90,0%) j? haviam introduzido outros alimentos, e 737 (76,4%) j? estavam trabalhando. Estavam com aleitamento materno exclusivo aos tr?s meses: 386/497 (77,7%) beb?s que nunca receberam complemento; 289/467 (61,8%) que receberam complemento em algum momento (p<0,001); 146/246 (56,9%) que receberam complemento antes de 24 horas de vida (p<0,001); e 242/396 que receberam complemento ap?s as 24 horas de vida (p<0,001). Ap?s an?lise multivariada, verificou-se que uso de complemento antes das 24 horas de vida e uso de complemento ap?s as 24 horas de vida mantiveram associa??o com aus?ncia de aleitamento materno exclusivo aos tr?s meses (p=0,001 e p=0,003 respectivamente). Conclus?es: Nesta popula??o de beb?s nascidos por cesariana eletiva, mesmo com um bom ?ndice de sucesso na amamenta??o, a utiliza??o do complemento alimentar nas primeiras horas de vida foi fortemente associada ? redu??o da amamenta??o exclusiva aos tr?s meses. Salienta-se a import?ncia de que a prescri??o e a decis?o de uso de complemento para os rec?m-nascidos devam ser bastante criteriosas e justificadas nos registros hospitalares dos pacientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:35:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 385215.pdf: 1392690 bytes, checksum: 79076ca0ea72271a143a174f24e15f8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-01-12 / O aumento das taxas de ?cido ?rico s?rico materno (AU) tem sido associado com a gravidade da hipertens?o, protein?ria e progn?stico perinatal. O objetivo deste estudo ? estudar o ?cido ?rico s?rico materno em pacientes com gesta??o complicada por hipertens?o arterial sist?mica. Este ? um estudo observacional, transversal, contempor?neo, que apresenta a associa??o entre n?veis de ?cido ?rico s?rico em gestantes hipertensas, ?ndice de protein?ria/creatinin?ria (P/C) em amostra, idade gestacional e peso ao nascer. Foram avaliadas 58 gestantes hipertensas, divididas em dois grupos, de acordo com a dosagem de ?cido ?rico s?rico: - grupo 1: igual ou superior a 6 mg/dL; - grupo 2: menor do que 6 mg/dL. Observou-se que a press?o arterial diast?lica e o ?ndice P/C foram significativamente maiores no grupo 1 (?cido ?rico igual ou superior a 6). Foram feitos pontos de corte para o ?ndice P/C em 0,3; 0,5; 1 e 2. Para os pontos de corte 0,3 e 2, n?o ocorreu diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos. Para o ponto de corte em 1, o ?ndice P/C foi maior no grupo 1, e a diferen?a foi estatisticamente significativa e, para o ponto de corte em 0,5, a diferen?a estat?stica entre os dois grupos foi lim?trofe. Quanto ? idade gestacional e peso ao nascer, a correla??o negativa com o ?cido ?rico s?rico materno foi considerada regular (r= - 0,27) com P=0,04. A prematuridade e o baixo peso ao nascer n?o apresentaram diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre dois grupos (P=0,27 e P=0,78, respectivamente). Conclu?mos que a dosagem de ?cido ?rico s?rico materno oferece informa??es que devem ser associadas a outros exames cl?nicos e laboratoriais para os processos de decis?o na pr?tica obst?trica.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:36:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 395299.pdf: 1815276 bytes, checksum: f6c7d60cb19057a90b1b876d26ea5ec4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-13 / Objetivos: Avalia??o do desempenho motor de prematuros nascidos entre 32 34 semanas, de acordo com a metodologia proposta pela escala AIMS. De forma espec?fica, verificaremos se existe diferen?as no desempenho motor nas 40 semanas, 4 meses e 8 meses com idade corrigida. Verificar se o peso ao nascimento influencia na aquisi??o do desenvolvimento normal. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal associado a coorte prospectivo, envolvendo 44 RNs prematuros entre 32 e 34 semanas de idade gestacional, os quais estiveram internados pelo Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS), no Hospital S?o Lucas da PUCRS, em Porto Alegre. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos, de acordo com o peso de nascimento: o grupo com peso ao nascimento menor que 1.750g e o grupo com peso ao nascimento maior que 1.750g, avaliados em tr?s momentos ao longo do primeiro ano de vida. Resultados: Observou-se que, em todas as posturas estudadas (prono, supino, sentado, em p?), houve um n?tido aumento dos escores da AIMS ao longo dos tr?s momentos de observa??o p?s-natal. O ritmo de aumento nesses escores foi semelhante nos grupos abaixo de 1.750 g e acima de 1.750g. Conclus?es: O desempenho motor de prematuros nas idades corrigidas: de 40 semanas, 4 meses e 8 meses foi normal pela escala AIMS e manteve-se dentro do percentil m?dio de 43.2% ? 45.7%.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-11-09T10:23:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAROLINA_MENNA_BARRETO_SILVEIRA_PARCIAL.pdf: 882195 bytes, checksum: 4e9eed2bd20f440884bd27fcba9fbdfd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-09T10:23:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAROLINA_MENNA_BARRETO_SILVEIRA_PARCIAL.pdf: 882195 bytes, checksum: 4e9eed2bd20f440884bd27fcba9fbdfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Recent data from scientific literature show low exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates in the world, and diversity in the factors that influence it. However, the number of studies about the power of pediatricians and their interventions on duration of EBF is still limited. Objective: To determine the influence of the pediatrician and their interventions on the success of EBF at 3 and 6 months of age in full-term newborns (FNT), undergoing elective cesarean delivery. Methods: A cohort study in a private hospital in Brazil. Questionnaires to mothers at discharge, at 7 days, 3 and 6 months of life were applied. At the day of discharge, the contact was in person, while the following steps was by phone calling. To evaluate the association between categorical variables, chi-squared tests or Fisher's exact were used. Results: The final sample consisted of 907 mother-baby pairs, assisted by 32 pediatricians. The influence of the pediatrician was significant in EBF at 3 months of age (p=0.001). The prevalence of complement in the first prescription varied significantly among pediatricians (31.6% to 100%, p <0.001) and was negatively associated with the EBF at 3 months (p=0.003). When comparing the prevalence of the use of bottles and pacifiers at the first 7 days of life, among the pediatricians, there was a significant difference (p=0.005). The use of pacifiers at 7 days and 3 months was negatively associated with the EBF at 3 months (p<0.001). FNTs who used a bottle at 7 days showed lower prevalence of EBF until sixth month of life. Conclusion: This study provides evidences about the influence of the pediatrician in the prevalence and duration of exclusive breastfeeding at third month of life. This reinforces the need to improve their knowledge, attitudes and practices on breastfeeding. / Dados recentes da literatura cient?fica mostram baixas taxas de aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) no Brasil e no mundo, al?m de uma grande diversidade nos fatores que o influenciam. Contudo, o n?mero de estudos sobre o poder de atua??o do pediatra e suas interven??es na dura??o do AME ainda ? limitado. Objetivo: Verificar a influ?ncia do pediatra e suas interven??es no sucesso do AME aos tr?s e seis meses de vida, em rec?m-nascidos (RNs) a termo, submetidos ? cesariana eletiva. Me?todos: Estudo de coorte, em um hospital privado do Brasil. Foram aplicados question?rios ?s m?es na alta, aos 7 dias, 3 e 6 meses de vida. No dia da alta, o contato foi presencial, enquanto nas etapas seguintes foi telef?nico. Para avaliar a associa??o entre as vari?veis categ?ricas, foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fisher. Resultados: A amostra final foi composta por 907 duplas m?es-beb?s, assistidas por 32 pediatras. A influ?ncia do pediatra foi significativa no AME aos 3 meses de vida do beb? (p=0,001). A preval?ncia de complemento na 1? prescri??o variou significativamente entre os pediatras (de 31,6% a 100%; p<0,001) e esteve associada negativamente com o AME aos 3 meses (p=0,003). Quando comparadas as preval?ncias de uso de mamadeira e chupeta aos 7 dias, entre os pediatras, houve diferen?a significativa (p=0,005). O uso de chupeta aos 7 dias e 3 meses associou-se ao insucesso do AME no 3? m?s de vida (p<0,001). RNs que utilizaram mamadeira aos 7 dias apresentaram preval?ncias de AME mais baixas at? o 6? m?s de vida. Conclus?o: Este estudo fornece evid?ncias sobre a influ?ncia do pediatra e suas interven??es na preval?ncia e dura??o do AME no terceiro m?s de vida. Isso refor?a a necessidade de aprimorar seus conhecimentos, atitudes e pr?ticas sobre a amamenta??o.

A DNA double-strand break (DSB) is a severe form of DNA damage. In fastgrowing cells, DSBs are commonly repaired by homologous recombination (HR) and in E. coli they are exclusively repaired by this mechanism. Failure to accurately repair DSBs can lead to genomic instability. Characterising the DNA intermediates formed during DSB repair by HR is key to understanding this process. A system for inducing a site-specific DSB in the E. coli chromosome has previously been described (Eykelenboom et al., 2008). Here, this system has been used to determine the nature of the intermediates of the repair. It was shown that in a Rec+ background the repair process is rapid and efficient. By contrast, in a ruvAB mutant, which is defective for the Holliday junction (HJ) migration and cleavage complex, RuvABC, HJs are accumulated on both sides of the breakpoint. Replication forks also accumulate at defined positions from the DSB, indicating that unresolved HJs are a barrier to efficient replication that is associated with the repair. This suggests that the resolution of HJs needs to occur prior to the establishment of DNA synthesis. Despite the accumulation of HJs in a ruvAB mutant, cell survival occurs when DSBs are induced for short periods, suggesting that HJs can be resolved in a RuvAB-independent manner. In contrast, the RecG helicase is essential for survival. In a recG mutant, replication forks but not HJs are detected in the region of DSB repair. In a ruvAB recG mutant, intermediates in this region are lost. These observations are consistent with a role of RecG in the stabilisation and maturation of D-loops and not the resolution of Holliday junctions. Nevertheless, an additional role for RecG in later stages of repair cannot yet be excluded. This work provides a solid framework for the further study of DSB repair in E. coli.

Foreign Direct Investment is seen as a critical source of capital inflow and a stimulant of economic growth in many developing nations. It brings with it benefits such as job creation, technology and knowledge transfers just to mention a few. Thus many African countries are keen in finding ways of attracting FDI. The main objective of this paper is to empirically examine the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) by incorporating an econometric method based on cross-sectional data from 41 African countries over the period 2002-2007. More precisely, this research intends to answer the following question: what are the relevant determinants that promote FDI inflows in Africa? Among the several determinants of FDI, the finding suggests that market size and natural resource predominance are the main determinants of FDI into Africa.

The purpose of this study is to discover the relationship between the specifications of medical institutes, FERCAP (Forum for Ethical Review Committees in Asia and the Western Pacific), TJCHA IRB Accreditation (Taiwan Joint Commission on Hospital Accreditation, TJCHA) and the practice of IRBs. By using questionnaires, and comparing the differences between all these medical institutes, we would have the information Research Ethics and the differentials in all the medical institutes. In this study, 268 completed questionnaires to the most southern region (64.7%), Medical Center (66.4%), physicians (36.9%), research assistants (21.3%), nurses (14.6%) and so on. About 60¢H can answer correctly of the knowledge of Human Research Ethics. We found that different medical institutions (Medical Centers and non-medical centers) and distinction (north, south and other regions) score differences in terms of cognition, in "human trials testing program information must be saved after three years", "IRB memberlist should be submitted to DOH", "study of individual or group characteristics or behavior (such as feeling, cognition, motivation, identity, language, communication, cultural beliefs or habits and social behavior, etc.) is expetided review " and "IRB membership and minutes should be open" have significantly difference (p <0.05). Also, we need to pay attention that only 30¢H of IRB members and staff have correct answer of "IRB memberlist should be submitted to DOH". Medical Centers and non-medical centers score differences in terms of attitude, in ¡uunit IRB that the information provided sufficient for you to understand the operation of the IRB¡v,¡uIRB promote education in human trials of great help to the project execution¡v,¡uIRB review process can focus on the implementation of the risk-benefit plans to provide specific advice¡v and ¡uyou are familiar with the regulations of the Department of Health ¡isuch as GCP, Medical Law and Research collected by the human body provides¡j¡vhave significantly difference (p <0.05). And expect the future to have further information for health policy evaluation and questionnaire data will be cross-comparison analysis of human trials to confirm the operation of the Board to provide further quality assurance and the IRB timely help.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdualeideJPBN_DISSERT.pdf: 536785 bytes, checksum: 958a6f06670a7767f5dc0cb70479ab35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-28 / This is an exploratory and descriptive study that aimed to investigate the actions of professionals in the context of breastfeeding, on the assumption that the actions taken by employees working together to postpartum and newborn are not competing to effect the distribution of pasteurized human milk so that it meets the needs of infants who depend on it. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the actions of medical and nursing staff of the distribution of pasteurized human milk to the newly born. The investigation was developed by action research in a federal hospital, located in the capital the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, reference assistance to women during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum high risk in 2010. Study participants were fifty-five professionals chosen from the following inclusion criteria: to act in the NICU or rooming, being a pediatrician and / or neonatologists, nurses and technical nursing. According to the methodology of action research a questionnaire was applied, techniques in focus groups and courses were developed, and, finally, action evaluation. The project was submitted to the Ethics Committee at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte and approved with no protocol 448/2009. The problems identified in the responses issued by the social research were grouped into categories according to the similarity between them. The answer to the question of the survey - How is the need for pasteurized human milk for the newborns in neonatal intensive care unit and rooming identified? - Brought subsidies for action planning and implementation of strategies for change in the practice of professionals working in rooming and ICU. Thus, the study has relevance in social care and, when at the local level, will compete for the distribution pasteurized human milk to take effect as best as possible, as recommended by the Ministry of Health. It is also conceived that, in a macro view of society, it could contribute to minimizing the health problem that involves the child population / O leite humano atende ?s necessidades da crian?a com sua composi??o rica em nutrientes, como ?gua, prote?nas, lip?deos, carboidratos, minerais, vitaminas e ferro. Em fun??o disto, ? indicada a amamenta??o exclusiva para a crian?a at? os seis meses de vida. Entretanto, essa pr?tica, al?m de ser biologicamente determinada, ? socialmente condicionada e viabiliz?-la tem sido um grande desafio enfrentado por todos os profissionais que atuam junto ? mulher nessa realidade. O estudo teve o prop?sito de investigar as a??es de profissionais no contexto da amamenta??o, partindo do pressuposto de que as a??es desenvolvidas junto ? pu?rpera e ao rec?m-nascido pouco concorrem para se efetivar a distribui??o do leite humano pasteurizado, em conson?ncia com as necessidades de rec?m-nascidos que dele dependem. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar as a??es de profissionais m?dicos e equipe de enfermagem frente ? distribui??o do leite humano pasteurizado para o rec?m-nascido. Trata-se de um estudo explorat?rio e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido ? luz da pesquisaa??o em uma unidade hospitalar federal, situada na capital do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, refer?ncia em atendimento ? mulher na gesta??o, no parto e no puerp?rio de alto risco. Participaram da investiga??o cinquenta e cinco profissionais escolhidos a partir dos seguintes crit?rios de inclus?o: atuar em UTI neonatal ou alojamento conjunto, ser m?dico pediatra e/ou neonatologista, enfermeiros e t?cnicos de enfermagem. De acordo com a metodologia da pesquisa-a??o, foi aplicado um question?rio, desenvolvidas t?cnicas de grupo focal, al?m da realiza??o de cursos. Por fim, procedeu-se ? avalia??o das a??es. O projeto foi submetido ao Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte e aprovado com Protocolo de n. 448/2009. Os problemas detectados nas respostas emitidas pelos atores sociais da pesquisa foram agrupados em categorias, de acordo com a similaridade existente entre si. A resposta ao questionamento da pesquisa - Como ? identificada a necessidade do leite humano pasteurizado para o rec?m-nascido em alojamento conjunto e UTI neonatal?- trouxe subs?dios para o planejamento de a??es e a implementa??o de estrat?gias de mudan?as na pr?tica dos profissionais atuantes no Alojamento Conjunto e na UTI Neonatal. Os participantes, embora tenham demonstrado conhecimento em rela??o ao funcionamento do BLH, evidenciaram desconhecer os problemas existentes no setor, no que diz respeito ? capta??o do leite humano. Tratando-se das a??es que os profissionais desenvolvem no processo da distribui??o, observou-se que estes revelaram conhecer, em sua maioria, as indica??es do RN em receber complemento em sua dieta, ressaltando-se que n?o foi poss?vel identificar no question?rio e nos grupos focais a preocupa??o em realizar o exame cl?nico na m?e antes da prescri??o. Considera-se que a equipe necessita apoiar efetivamente a pu?rpera na amamenta??o, com vistas a esclarecer d?vidas ou complica??es que possam surgir, prevenindo, inclusive, contra o desmame precoce. Assim sendo, o estudo apresenta relev?ncia no ?mbito assistencial e social e, em n?vel local, concorrer? para que a distribui??o do leite humano pasteurizado seja efetivada da melhor forma poss?vel, como preconizado pelo Minist?rio da Sa?de. Concebe-se, ainda, que, numa vis?o macro da sociedade, o referido estudo poder? contribuir para uma minimiza??o da problem?tica de sa?de que envolve a popula??o infantil

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KessyaDD.pdf: 768435 bytes, checksum: c543849850452f246af068480860a091 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-30 / The pain is a sensuous and emotional experience unpleasant associated or related to real injury or potencial of the tissues. It is considered an individual and subjective experience generally has been described in the literature about in the neonatal stage a lot. This study has descriptive and exploratory character with a qualitative approach. The study has with objectives to analyze the performance of the nursing technicians working with newborns admitted in the ITUN, seeking to describe the perception of the nursing technicians about the pain, identify the parameters used for the detection and evaluation of pain in them, trying to describe the ons of this team about the pain in the newborns in ITUN. The subjects are nine nursing technicians of the ITU of the Parenting School Janu?rio Cicco in Natal-RN, engaged in direct assistance to newborns in the ITU, on the turn of the morning, which was prepared to participate in the search. The collection of the data was conducted through a structured interview with tree questions; through a non-participatory observation with a structured roadmap and were used to record and pass on call was also as a way of obtaining data. The start of the collection made after the assent of the Ethics Committee / UFRN in November, 2007. The speakings have been transcribed and data read extensively to obtain categories.The analysis of the content made in terms of Bardin. Emerged three main categories of significance: Perceptioning of pain in newborns; Caring for the newborns with pain; Registering the pain in the newborns. A nursing technicians identifies the pain in the newborns, for the most part, so empirical, using signs of behavioral or physiological changes in isolation, giving little emphasis to the environment and to respect that the newborns is inserted. It was found that the attitudes cited by subjects of the search before the newborns with pain, are for the most part non-pharmacological actions such as sucking nutrient not, a proper positioning and measures of comfort, however pharmacological actions have also been reported.These is also the absence of records of nursing records in the report of pain and actions to minimize them and, in records and for the passage of call. With this study we understand the role of the nursing technicians, and seek to contribute to subsidies for the practice of professionals involved in caring for this age group, and also in the search for a humane assistance to the newborns / A dor ? uma experi?ncia sensitiva e emocional desagrad?vel associada ou relacionada ? les?o real ou potencial dos tecidos. ? considerada uma sensa??o individual e subjetiva e de um modo geral, muito se tem descrito na literatura a seu respeito na fase neonatal. Este estudo teve car?ter descritivo-explorat?rio com uma abordagem qualitativa e objetivou compreender a atua??o de t?cnicos de enfermagem que trabalham com rec?m-nascidos internados em UTIN, buscando descrever a percep??o dos t?cnicos sobre a dor, identificar os par?metros utilizados para a detec??o e avalia??o da dor tentando descrever as a??es da equipe a respeito da dor no RN em UTIN. Os participantes s?o nove t?cnicas de enfermagem da UTIN da Maternidade Escola Janu?rio Cicco em Natal-RN, que trabalham na assist?ncia direta a rec?m-nascidos na UTIN, no turno matutino, que se dispuseram a participar da pesquisa. A coleta dos dados foi realizada atrav?s de uma entrevista estruturada em tr?s quest?es, observa??o n?o participativa com um roteiro estruturado, utiliza??o do prontu?rio e a passagem de plant?o como forma se obten??o de dados. O in?cio da coleta se deu logo ap?s o parecer favor?vel do Comit? de ?tica/ UFRN no m?s de Novembro de 2007. As falas foram transcritas e os dados lidos at? a obten??o de categorias. A an?lise do conte?do se deu sob a ?ptica de Bardin. Emergiram tr?s principais categorias de signific?ncia: Percebendo a dor no RN; Cuidando do RN com dor; Registrando a dor no RN. Os t?cnicos de enfermagem identificam a dor no RN, na sua maior parte, de forma emp?rica, utilizando sinais de altera??es comportamentais ou fisiol?gicas de forma isolada, dando pouca ?nfase para contexto que o RN est? inserido. Constatou-se que as atitudes citadas pelas participantes da pesquisa diante do RN com dor s?o em sua maioria, a??es n?o-farmacol?gicas como a suc??o n?o nutritiva, um posicionamento adequado e medidas de conforto, no entanto, as a??es farmacol?gicas tamb?m foram relatadas. Foi verificada ainda a aus?ncia, de registros de enfermagem no prontu?rio do relato de dor e a??es para minimiz?-las, bem como, nos prontu?rios e durante a passagem de plant?o. Com este estudo buscou-se compreender a atua??o dos t?cnicos de enfermagem, contribuir com subs?dios para a pr?tica dos profissionais envolvidos nos cuidados a essa faixa et?ria, e tamb?m na busca de uma assist?ncia humanizada ao RN