Bakgrund: Trakeostomi är ett kirurgiskt ingrepp där en öppning skapas i patientens luftstrupe vilket ofta medför att patienten förlorar sin förmåga till verbal kommunikation. För att skapa en väl fungerande kommunikation mellan patient och sjuksköterska behöver alternativa kommunikationsmetoder användas.   Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka patienters upplevelse av kommunikation vid trakeostomi samt att undersöka vilka metoder som kan användas för att etablera en välfungerande kommunikation mellan patient med trakeostomi och sjuksköterska när tal inte är en möjlig kommunikationsmetod. Metod: Litteraturstudie av 14 vetenskapliga artiklar varav sju kvalitativa studier och en kombinerad kvalitativ och kvantitativ studie av patientens upplevelse av att kommunicera vid trakeostomi och sju kvantitativa studier av olika kommunikationsmetoder.  Resultat: Att kommunicera med trakeostomi upplevs av patienter som frustrerande och fysiskt påfrestande. Att inte kunna förmedla sina känslor och behov leder till att patienter upplever sociala svårigheter och känner rädsla, oro och isolering från omvärlden vilket har en stor påverkan på patientens välmående. Metoder för icke verbal kommunikation som studerades var datoriserad tolkning av läpprörelser samt olika former av kommunikationstavlor som styrdes antingen genom ögonrörelser eller via en pekskärm. Samtliga metoder som studerades visade på möjligheter till en ökad förmåga att uttrycka sig och kommunicera sina behov för patienten  Slutsats: Patienter med trakeostomi som inte kan kommunicera verbalt befinner sig i en utsatt situation där sjuksköterskan spelar en betydelsefull roll för patientens välmående genom att uppmärksamma patientens åsikter och behov. Det är en nödvändighet att etablera en välfungerande kommunikation genom användning av icke-verbala kommunikationsmetoder för att kunna ge patienten en vård av god kvalitet. För att kommunikationen ska bli välfungerande krävs att kommunikationsmetoderna anpassas utefter varje enskild patients behov och fysiska förmåga vilket i sin tur kräver att sjuksköterskan har kunskap om olika icke-verbala kommunikationsmetoder och är medveten om betydelsen av en välfungerande kommunikation. / Background: Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure where an opening is made in the trachea. As a result, the patient often loses his or her ability to communicate verbally. To establish a well-functioning communication between the patient and the nurse there is a need for using non-verbal methods for communication.   Aim: The aim of this study was to examine patient experiences of communicating with tracheostomy and also to examine available methods for non-verbal communication between patients with tracheostomy and nurses. Study design: A review based on 14 studies was conducted. Seven were qualitative studies and one combined qualitative and quantitative describing patient experiences of communicating with tracheostomy. Seven studies had a quantitative design exploring nonverbal communication methods.  Results: Patients experienced frustration, physical exhaustion and mental stress while communicating with tracheostomy. Not being able to communicate feelings and needs leads to feelings of fear, anxiety and isolation, which has a great impact on the patient's well-being.  Methods for non-verbal communication which were examined was computerized reading of lip movements and different types of communication boards managed by eye tracking or with touch screen. All of the methods appeared to give the patient´s an increased possibility to express themselves and communicate their needs.   Conclusion:  Patients with tracheostomy are put in an exposed situation when they aren´t able to communicate verbally. The nurse has a great impact on the patient´s well-being by paying attention to his or her needs. Establishing a well-functioning communication by using nonverbal communication methods is essential to provide the patient with a good quality care. The methods for communication has to be individually adjusted to each patient’s needs and physical condition. This requires knowledge by the nurse about different non-verbal methods for communication and the importance of a well-functioning communication.

Organisations have evidently shifted towards the projectification of their activities and operations across the world and across industries by which project management is not only limited to construction and engineering projects anymore. The projectification has shed light on the amount of project success and failure in which both have been noted to have a steep difference between each other. Whilst many factors have been discovered to be a trigger of failure or success one emerging subject that has been gaining attention across management institutions and organisationsis the integration of knowledge management principlesinto the closure stage of a project, by which the term post-project review awakens. Post-project reviewsreceive a lot of attention and strong suggestion from textbooks and other academic literature, however it was found that its application was not as effective as is suggested by the literature. Literature also indicated that cultural operators within the events management have progressively applied project management tools and techniques. At the same time there is debate concerning theproject management rationale, which collide with the prime principles of art. Here art presents itself as the core focus pointforcultural operators. In the light of this argument the author started researching the subject of Post-project reviews within the events management industryand found that the subject has been scarcely researched overall, in the events management sector and especially in the cultural branch, hence the author had identified a research gap. Consequently, this research intends to explore the application of post-project reviews by cultural operators within the events management industry. The study employed a qualitative research design in which semi-structured interviews were conducted across three different organisational size segments; micro, small and medium. The organisational size was determined with the amount of employees per organisation; each size segment had two representatives in which all of the respondents ran a non-profit organisation.The research revealed that medium organisations employed the most formal manner of a PPR by which PPR’s are considered on a strategic level whilst micro organisations still used a simplerecord and report principle, in which none of the recorded numbers were formally analysed. At the same time, the comprehensiveness of a PPR was very much dependent on the size of the project, which denoted on the amount of funding, and external stakeholders there was involved.

After the Second World War, the service sector in many countries, including the highly developed and the developing countries, started growing and making up the bulk of the economies of those countries. Some of the factors for that radical change are: the changing patterns of government ownership and regulation, privatization, technological innovations, servitization, internationalization, globalization, etc. The purpose of this article is to investigate and to suggest a classification of the existing literature in the field of service economy. The results of the systematic review of the area of the service economy are presented in a thematic order. Moreover, the findings are connected with the economical schools of thought - welfare state and neoliberalism. The key findings reveal that the social, economic, and technological changes brought by the Third Industrial Revolution were essential for the dissemination and development of the service sector.

The nine volumes of the "Romanian Music Chronicle", printed by the Music Publishing Hause, Bucharest, in 20 years (1973-1991) are the fruit of an extremely elaborated investigation, that broke all the walls that tried to hide this real patrimony of spirituality. The author, Octavian Lazar Cosma, shouldered the responsibility of a difficult cultural mission to establish the main points of the Romanian music evolution during these two millennia.

Fabian Dahlström / Mikko Heiniö / Erkki Salmenhaara, Suomen musiikin historia [Die Geschichte der Musik Finnlands], 4 Bde, Porvoo (Verlag Werner Söderström) 1995/96. Das Erscheinen einer nationalen Musikgeschichte zu einem Zeitpunkt, wo uns übernationale Zusammenhänge und Gemeinsamkeiten mehr interessieren als eine von Landesgrenzen bestimmte Eigengeschichte, läßt verwundern. Auf ein Werk dieser Art hat man jedoch in Finnland lange gewartet. Seit der Herausgabe der vorigen Musikgeschichte Toivo Haapanens "Die Tonkunst Finnlands", sind über fünfzig Jahre vergangen und obgleich dieser einbändige Abriß vielen Generationen von Musikstudenten treu gedient hat, ist er heute veraltet und in vieler Weise überholt. Eine derart gründliche Musikgeschichte des Landes, wie sie das hier vorzustellende Werk darstellt, hat es bisher nicht gegeben.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

The book provides a deep insight into the successful organisation, management and marketing of booths at trade shows. By giving practical examples and explanations, Solberg Søilen aims at examining previous research and exploring factors and aspects which can lead, if properly applied, to successful boothmanship. Findings were, that the book is written rather as a guidebook for inexperienced readers in the field of marketing and trade show intelligence. Whereas the exhibiting of marketing is discussed in detail, the topic of “trade show intelligence” is not covered in depth and, thus, the title is rather misleading.Overall, the book is easy to read and follow due to the provided examples, tables and graphs, which enhance the reader’s understanding.

Objective: To examine whether self-assessment of videotaped surgeries helps improve periodontal residents’ ergonomics. Methods: Residents (n=8) provided self-assessments of their own ergonomics while performing periodontal surgery using a questionnaire with open and closed items. Results were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative means. Results: Comparison of responses resulted in a change between Pre-video Surgery 1 and PSV1 (p<0.05) and between the three occasions for flat foot and horizontal shoulder positions (p<0.05). Resident goals were most numerous for improving positions of shoulder, back and neck and most notable responses for failure to achieve goals were the need for surgical access and being too focused the procedure. Conclusions: Videotape review is a valid means of self-assessment. Intervention solely in the form of a questionnaire and videotape review was insufficient in its ability to change the residents’ ergonomics. Barriers to implementation of proper ergonomics were identified.

Kočová, K.: Natural compounds and their β-secretase inhibitory activity, Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2015, 83 p. Data used in this Diploma Thesis have been taken from foreigner scientific literature. It provides the whole summary of natural compounds with β-secretase inhibitory activity. First chapter Alzheimer's disease briefly describes a definition, risk factors and symptomatology of the disease. Most of this chapter characterizes an etiopathology of the disease focused on amyloid theory. Finally there are also mentioned current approaches to therapy of Alzheimer's disease and those, which stay in clinical trials. Next part is dedicated to physiological functions and substrates of the β-secretase. This diploma thesis evaluates the current state of scientific research of synthetic inhibitors of β-secretase, describes the most important methods of testing inhibition and activity of β-secretase in vitro and outlines the issue of development of new inhibitors using in silico method. Main part of this work consists of the list of natural compounds with β- secretase inhibitory activity. This part is structured according to particular types of primary and secondary metabolites....

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