Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-09T19:35:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) vitoria_irma_gon?alves_lopes_farias_freitas.pdf: 3591111 bytes, checksum: e72c7b4b4c2c3ecec4f40e7cebef61df (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-14T14:33:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) vitoria_irma_gon?alves_lopes_farias_freitas.pdf: 3591111 bytes, checksum: e72c7b4b4c2c3ecec4f40e7cebef61df (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T14:33:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) vitoria_irma_gon?alves_lopes_farias_freitas.pdf: 3591111 bytes, checksum: e72c7b4b4c2c3ecec4f40e7cebef61df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo formular uma proposta de ?rea de conhecimento norteadora de gerenciamento ambiental para projetos. Discute a Gest?o Ambiental e o sistema de gest?o e aborda sobre os aspectos legais na Gest?o Ambiental, refletindo sobre a legisla??o brasileira que a norteia. ? descrito a metodologia aplicada pelo Guia PMBOK, e as funcionalidades das dez ?reas do conhecimento hoje explicitadas no Guia, a saber: integra??o, escopo, tempo, custos, qualidade, recursos humanos, comunica??es, riscos, aquisi??es e partes interessadas. Utiliza a pesquisa explorat?ria e bibliogr?fica para dar suporte a proposta desenvolvida. Na expectativa de formular a ?rea de conhecimento em Gest?o Ambiental, opta-se por descrever essa ?rea em forma de diagrama de fluxos de dados do processo em fun??o do ciclo de vida do projeto. Conclui-se que: existe uma necessidade de identifica??o de ferramentas e t?cnicas espec?ficas para a Gest?o Ambiental em projeto; necessidade de opini?es especializadas e conhecimento dos ?rg?os reguladores, tais como: engenheiros ambientais e Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA); necessidade do licenciamento ambiental e de suas modalidades, quando for o caso, bem como do acompanhamento da validade da mesma; ? imprescind?vel a cria??o de um plano de gerenciamento ambiental do projeto, que esteja de acordo com os v?rios outros planos j? existentes em projetos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Sa?de e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / This research aims to formulate a proposal of knowledge area guiding environmental management for projects. It discusses environmental management and the management system and discusses the legal aspects in environmental management, reflecting on the Brazilian legislation that guides it. It describes the methodology applied by the PMBOK Guide, and the functionalities of the ten areas of knowledge that are explained in the Guide, namely: integration, scope, time, costs, quality, human resources, communications, risks, acquisitions and stakeholders. It uses the exploratory and bibliographic research to support the developed proposal. In the expectation of formulating the area of knowledge in environmental management, it is chosen to describe this area as a diagram of data flows of the process in function of the life cycle of the project. It is concluded that: there is a need to identify specific tools and techniques for environmental management in design; Need for specialized opinions and knowledge of regulators, such as: environmental engineers and the National Environmental Council (CONAMA); The need for environmental licensing and its modalities, when applicable, as well as the monitoring of the validity of the same; It is imperative to create an environmental project management plan that is in line with the various other existing project plans.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaElianeM.pdf: 3566088 bytes, checksum: bdbf98d668fa77aec4ab75cb71db1b03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-06-25 / This research intended to study the process of production of the rural space in the municipal district of Little Cear?-Mirim, looking for to identify the transformations in him happened, above all in the last thirty years. Since the beginning of your historical formation, the area in study had as element modelador and transformer of the physiognomy of your territory the culture canavieira that printed in your economy and in your society marks of a powerful nobility. The sugar-cane is covered of a cyclical character facing acme phases and decadence, as the one that it happens at the present time. Simultaneously, the sphere rural cearimirinense is going by changes by the implantation of modern companies gone back to the papaya production destined to the internal market and more precisely to the external market. Of this context they also consist the supplying farms of this same product. In the group of the establishments in the rural landscape here analyzed, they still interfere the mixed farms, the ones that practice agriculture, the ones that were devoted to the livestock, as well as the farms and the ranches. Another innovation is the caprinocultura developed in modern molds, using the system voisin of pasture rod?zio being constituted in a pioneering experience in Brazil. Of that reality they announce other elements, to example of the establishments, being configured as new forms of use of the soil. In the perspective of turning them productive, the challenge resides of overcoming the difficulties in them existent. The reality of the space in screen is replete of lacks in all the instances. It is inferred that the municipal district possesses an enormous potential, however the performance of the administrative components is seen as deficient. He becomes urgent that the municipal public power promotes changes, mainly in what it respects to the social area, with a better attendance to the rural communities, for them to act positively in the process of the development of this municipal district / Esta pesquisa se prop?s a estudar o processo de produ??o do espa?o rural no munic?pio de Cear?-Mirim, buscando identificar as transforma??es nele ocorridas, sobretudo nos ?ltimos trinta anos. Desde o in?cio de sua forma??o hist?rica, a ?rea em estudo teve como elemento modelador e transformador da fisionomia do seu territ?rio a cultura canavieira que imprimiu em sua economia e em sua sociedade marcas de uma nobreza poderosa. A cana-de-a??car se reveste de um car?ter c?clico enfrentando fases de apogeu e decad?ncia, como a que ocorre na atualidade. Simultaneamente, a esfera rural cearamirinense vem passando por mudan?as mediante a implanta??o de empresas modernas voltadas para a produ??o de mam?o destinada aos mercados interno e externo. No conjunto dos estabelecimentos na paisagem rural aqui analisada, ainda se inserem as fazendas mistas, as que praticam agricultura, as que se dedicam ? pecu?ria, bem como as granjas e os s?tios. Outra inova??o ? a caprinocultura desenvolvida em moldes modernos, utilizando o sistema voisin de rod?zio de pasto constituindo-se numa experi?ncia pioneira no Brasil. Dessa realidade participam outros elementos, a exemplo dos assentamentos, configurando-se como novas formas de uso do solo. Na perspectiva de torn?-los produtivos, reside o desafio de superar as dificuldades neles existentes. A realidade do espa?o em tela ? repleta de car?ncias em todas as inst?ncias. Depreende-se que o munic?pio possui um enorme potencial, por?m a atua??o dos componentes administrativos ? vista como deficit?ria. Torna-se urgente que o poder p?blico municipal promova mudan?as, principalmente no que respeita ? ?rea social, com uma melhor assist?ncia ?s comunidades rurais, para que elas atuem positivamente no processo do desenvolvimento deste munic?pio

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-11-12T15:30:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielleCarolineDeSaXavier_DISSERT.pdf: 6370756 bytes, checksum: f897209e3f48a316dc7b71660876c25b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2015-11-13T15:03:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielleCarolineDeSaXavier_DISSERT.pdf: 6370756 bytes, checksum: f897209e3f48a316dc7b71660876c25b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-13T15:03:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielleCarolineDeSaXavier_DISSERT.pdf: 6370756 bytes, checksum: f897209e3f48a316dc7b71660876c25b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Planejar o espa?o urbano pensando na inclus?o social de pessoas com defici?ncia significa considerar a acessibilidade como fator essencial para uma mobilidade urbana completa e segura. Esse ideal reflete-se no espa?o comercial que, para ser convidativo e livre de barreiras (sejam elas f?sicas, tecnol?gicas ou atitudinais), precisa promover o direito de livre acesso a todos os cidad?os. Partindo deste entendimento, esse estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar as condi??es de acessibilidade da regi?o denominada ?Cora??o do Alecrim?, ?rea de tradicional com?rcio popular em Natal. A pesquisa recorreu ? abordagem multim?todos e aconteceu em tr?s momentos: (i) avalia??o t?cnica da ?rea por meio da aplica??o de check-list, elaborado com base na legisla??o espec?fica e validado por painel de experts; (ii) elabora??o de mapas com uso de Sistema de Informa??o Geogr?fica (S.I.G.), tendo como base o resultado da an?lise realizada na primeira etapa; (iii) aplica??o de question?rios e realiza??o de entrevistas informais com usu?rios (visitantes, propriet?rios e comerci?rios), para coletar dados sobre sua percep??o sobre o lugar, complementando a an?lise t?cnica efetuada. Resumindo as informa??es coletadas, foram elaboradas matrizes de descobertas, como uma jun??o de todas as etapas de an?lise. Na conclus?o s?o apresentados pontos cr?ticos de acessibilidade (detectados pela pesquisadora ou apontados pelos usu?rios) e indicadas algumas diretrizes para a interven??o no local, de modo a colaborar para futuros processos de planejamento urbano do bairro do Alecrim.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-08T23:56:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseRodolfoLopesDePaivaCavalcanti_TESE.pdf: 2156602 bytes, checksum: 000c3eafedc8a66a1a55425b0168fd4a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-11T23:46:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseRodolfoLopesDePaivaCavalcanti_TESE.pdf: 2156602 bytes, checksum: 000c3eafedc8a66a1a55425b0168fd4a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-11T23:46:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseRodolfoLopesDePaivaCavalcanti_TESE.pdf: 2156602 bytes, checksum: 000c3eafedc8a66a1a55425b0168fd4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Sabe-se que o grupo das catecolaminas ? integrado pela dopamina, noradrenalina e adrenalina e que a s?ntese dessas subst?ncias se d? de modo sequencial, sendo a enzima tirosina-hidroxilase reguladora da fase inicial deste processo. Neste sentido, a 3- hidroxitiramina/dopamina ? precursora da s?ntese de noradrenalina e adrenalina e ainda possui a capacidade de atuar como neurotransmissor na por??o central do sistema nervoso. Os tr?s principais n?cleos dopamin?rgicos, chamados zona retrorubral (grupo A8), subst?ncia negra pars compacta (grupo A9) e ?rea tegmentar ventral (grupo A10), est?o dispostos na por??o die-mesencef?lica e est?o envolvidos em tr?s vias, a mesostriatal, mesol?mbica e mesocortical. Estas vias est?o relacionadas diretamente com diversas manifesta??es comportamentais como controle da motricidade, sinaliza??o de recompensa na aprendizagem comportamental, motiva??o e nas manifesta??es patol?gicas da Doen?a de Parkinson e esquizofrenia. Considerando-se a relev?ncia desses, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar morfologicamente os n?cleos dopamin?rgicos (A8, A9 e A10) do sagui (Callithrix jacchus) mediante estudo citoarquitet?nico e imunoistoqu?mico contra tirosina-hidroxilase. O sag?i ? um primata neotropical, cujas caracter?sticas morfofuncionais repercutem na adequabilidade de uso deste animal em pesquisas de ordem biom?dica. Sec??es coronais dos enc?falos de seis animais foram submetidas ? colora??o pelo m?todo de Nissl e immunoistoqu?mica para tirosinsa-hidroxilase. Com base na morfologia dos neur?nios, foi poss?vel subdividir o grupo A10 em sete regi?es: n?cleo interfascicular, linear rostral e linear caudal, situados na linha m?dia; paranigral e o parainterfascicular, situados na zona intermedi?ria; a por??o rostral da ?rea tegmentar ventral e o n?cleo parabraquial pigmentado, situados na por??o dorsolateral do tegmento mesencef?lico. O grupo A9 foi subdividido em quatro regi?es: subst?ncia negra camadas dorsal e ventral; subst?ncia negra conjuntos lateral e medial. Por ?ltimo, n?o foram indentificadas subdivis?es no grupo A8. Conclu?-se que A8, A9 e A10 s?o filogeneticamente conservados entre as esp?cies, por?m percebe-se a necessidade de se ampliar os estudos acerca das organiza??es subnucleares, seja investigando a sua ocorr?ncia em outras esp?cies de primatas, seja investigando a sua relev?ncia funcional. / It is known that the catecholamine group is constituted by dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline, in which the synthesis is regulated by an enzyme named tyrosine hydroxylase. Thus, 3-hydroxytyramine/dopamine (DA) is a precursor of the noradrenaline and adrenaline synthesis and acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. The three main nuclei, named the retrorubral field (A8 group), the substantia nigra pars compacta (A9 group) and the ventral tegmental area (A10 group), are arranged in the die-mesencephalic portion and are involved in three complexes circuitries - the mesostriatal, mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways. These pathways are related to behavioral manifestations, motricity, learning, reward and pathologies such as Parkinson?s Disease and Schizophrenia. Thus, the aim of this study was to perform de morphological analysis of the A8, A9 and A10 nuclei of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). The marmoset is a neotropical primate, whose morphological and functional characteristics supports the suitability of use of this animal in biomedical research. Coronal sections of the marmoset brain were submitted to cytoarchitectonic characterization and TH-immunohistochemistry. Based on the morphology of the neurons, it was possible to subdivide the A10 group in seven regions: interfascicular nucleus, raphe rostral linear nucleus and raphe caudal linear nucleus, in the middle line; paranigral and parainterfascicular nucleus, in the middle zone; rostral portion of the ventral tegmental area nucleus and parabrachial pigmented nucleus, located in the dorsolateral portion of the mesencephalic tegmentum. A9 group was divided into four regions: substantia nigra compacta dorsal and ventral tiers; substantia nigra compacta lateral and medial clusters. No subdivisions were founded into A8 group. These results revealed that A8, A9 and A10 are phylogenetically conserved between species, but it?s necessary to expand the studies about this compartmentalization, investigating its occurrence in other primate species or investigating its functional relevance.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-16T00:08:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HelderHenriqueAlvesDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 5892652 bytes, checksum: 483b84205306ccbbdee7acffe7f76a61 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-22T20:12:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 HelderHenriqueAlvesDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 5892652 bytes, checksum: 483b84205306ccbbdee7acffe7f76a61 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-22T20:12:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HelderHenriqueAlvesDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 5892652 bytes, checksum: 483b84205306ccbbdee7acffe7f76a61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A 3-Hidroxitiramina/Dopamina (DA) ? uma monoamina do grupo dascatecolaminas e consiste na subst?ncia precursora da s?ntese de noradrenalina eadrenalina, tendo a enzima Tirosina-Hidroxilase (TH) como reguladora desse processo.Al?m disso, a DA tem a capacidade de atuar como neurotransmissor no SistemaNervoso Central - SNC, sendo o neurotransmissor principal de neur?nios de noven?cleos encef?licos, nomeados de A8 ao A16. Os n?cleos do mesenc?falo queexpressam DA s?o a Zona Retrorubral (RRF, grupo A8), a Subst?ncia Negra parscompacta (SNc, grupo A9) e a ?rea Tegmental Ventral (VTA, grupo A10). Tais n?cleosest?o envolvidos em tr?s complexas circuitarias que s?o a mesoestriatal, mesol?mbica emesocortical, os quais est?o relacionadas diretamente com diversas manifesta??escomportamentais como controle da motricidade, sinaliza??o de recompensa naaprendizagem comportamental, motiva??o e nas manifesta??es patol?gicas da Doen?ade Parkinson e esquizofrenia. Todavia, muitos aspectos de car?ter morfofuncionaldesses n?cleos ainda continuam sem esclarecimentos. Considerando a relev?ncia dosn?cleos dopamin?rgicos mesencef?licos, o objetivo deste trabalho ? caracterizarmorfologicamente os n?cleos dopamin?rgicos (grupamentos A8, A9 e A10) domesenc?falo do morcego (Artibeus planirostris). O Artibeus planirostris ? um morcegocomum no Rio Grande do Norte. Foram utilizados dez animais nesta pesquisa. Osanimais foram anestesiados, perfundidos e os enc?falos removidos da cavidadecraniana. Ap?s desidrata??o em sacarose, os enc?falos foram submetidos a microtomiae sec??es coronais foram obtidas e coletadas em seis compartimentos distintos. Oscompartimentos foram submetidos a colora??o pela t?cnica de Nissl para an?lisecitoarquitet?nica e as demais s?ries foram submetidas a imunoistoqu?mica para TH.Com base na t?cnica de Nissl e na imunoistoqu?mica para TH foi poss?vel verificar oslimites anat?micos, assim como a citoarquitetura e poss?veis subdivis?es dos tr?sn?cleos dopamin?rgicos do mesenc?falo. No sentido rostro-caudal, os primeirosneur?nios dopamin?rgicos a surgirem fazem parte da SNc e se estendem at? n?veis maiscaudais do mesenc?falo. A VTA surge nas sec??es rostrais e continua at? o n?vel caudal.No n?vel caudal surge a RRF. A SNc apresentou a exist?ncia de uma subdivis?o, acauda da subst?ncia negra, encontrada em apenas dois outros animais estudados. Opresente estudo indica que os n?cleos dopamin?rgicos do mesenc?falo do Artibeusplanirostris apresenta semelhan?as citoarquitet?nicas, bem como no padr?o dedistribui??o de neur?nios imunorreativos a Tirosina Hidroxilase em compara??o a10 outras esp?cies de mam?feros estudados, com pequenas varia??es, identificada nasubst?ncia negra. / The 3-Hidroxytyramine/dopamine (DA) is a monoamine of catecholamine family and isthe precursor substance synthesis of noradrenaline and adrenaline, having the enzymeTyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) as this regulatory process. In addition, the DA has theability to act as a neurotransmitter in the Central Nervous System - SNC, being themain neurotransmitter of brain nuclei, namely of A8 to A16. The nuclei of the midbrainthat express DA are the Retrorubral Field (RRF, A8), the Substantia Nigra parsCompacta (SNc, A9) and the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA, A10). Such nuclei areinvolved in complex three circuitry that are the mesostriatal, mesolimbic andmesocotical and are directly related with several behavioral manifestations as motricitycontrol, reward signaling in behavioral learning, motivation and pathologicalconditions, such as Parkinson's Disease and schizophrenia. Interestingly, many of themorphological bases of these neural disturbance remain unknown. Considering therelevance of mesencephalic dopaminergic nuclei, the aim of this research is tocharacterize morphologically the dopaminergic nuclei (clusters A8, A9 and A10) of themidbrain of the bat (Artibeus planirostris). The Artibeus planirostris is a common bat inRio Grande do Norte. Ten animals were used in this research. The animals wereanesthetized, perfused, and the brain was removed from the skull. After dehydration insucrose, the brain was underwent microtomy. Saggital and coronal sections wereobtained and collected in six separate series. The series were Nissl-stained to identifythe cytoarchitectonic boundaries and the other series were subjected toimmunohistochemistry for TH. After cytoarchitectonic analysis and TH+ cellsidentification was possible to establish the anatomical boundaries of the nuclei, as wellas the subdivisions of three of the midbrain dopaminergic nuclei. The SNc is the mostrostral nucleus observed in the midbrain and is identified throughout the rostrocaudalextension of the midbrain. The VTA neurons were seen immediately caudal to the SNcappearance. The RRF neurons were observed just in the caudal levels of the midbrain.The SNc in Artibeus planirostris shows a particular feature, the tail of the SNc. The tailhave been described just in two other studied species. The present work shows aparticular variation in the organizational morphology of the SNc in the artibeus andcontribute to understand the phylogenetic routes by which the dopaminergic system hasevolved.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-20T21:51:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FabiaMariaGomesDeMeneses_TESE.pdf: 3548488 bytes, checksum: 82c1b49fbed074cc6175d3f6ed8fda0e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-21T20:06:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FabiaMariaGomesDeMeneses_TESE.pdf: 3548488 bytes, checksum: 82c1b49fbed074cc6175d3f6ed8fda0e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-21T20:06:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabiaMariaGomesDeMeneses_TESE.pdf: 3548488 bytes, checksum: 82c1b49fbed074cc6175d3f6ed8fda0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-15 / O estudo das rea??es qu?micas encontra-se entre os conte?dos mais importantes para a compreens?o da disciplina de Qu?mica. Mas ainda s?o pouco os estudos que apresentam as rea??es qu?micas como sistema complexo. A tese aqui apresentada tem como objetivo investigar, identificar e caracterizar os erros e dificuldades de aprendizagem de estudantes em rela??o as rea??es qu?micas como sistema complexo, utilizando para tanto a an?lise das respostas de 126 provas de estudantes candidatos ao curso de Licenciatura em Qu?mica, oferecido pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Foram investigados e discutidos os erros e dificuldades de aprendizagem dos par?metros ?G, Kp, Ea e do c?lculo de quantidade de subst?ncia numa rea??o qu?mica e a inter-rela??o desses par?metros no estudo das rea??es qu?mica como sistema. O trabalho classificou em n?veis de desenvolvimento a habilidade de interpretar a rea??o qu?mica como sistema. A partir de entrevistas realizadas com professores de Qu?mica, do Ensino M?dio, se determinou as raz?es a que os professores atribuem esses erros e dificuldades de aprendizagem. A aprendizagem das rea??es qu?mica no Ensino M?dio perpassa por conceitos de termoqu?mica, de cin?tica, do equil?brio e os seus aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos, esses conceitos n?o possuem uma articula??o org?nica entre si para a melhor compreens?o de como ocorre e porque ocorre uma rea??o qu?mica, o que garante a compreens?o dos sentidos das partes numa totalidade. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os estudantes n?o compreendem o conceito de ?G, Kp, Ea. Os professores n?o trabalham na perspectiva de integra??o dos conte?dos o que leva os alunos a apresentarem dificuldades e cometerem erros relacionados ao conte?do citado. O trabalho apresenta uma proposta de organiza??o dos conte?dos da Qu?mica para o Ensino M?dio como uma possibilidade de integra??o sist?mica dial?tica dos conte?dos, entendendo que essa vis?o sistem?tica, leva a importantes contribui??es com o desenvolvimento do pensamento te?rico dos alunos. A estrutura??o dos conte?dos da Qu?mica apresentado nesse trabalho, fundamenta-se no m?todo de an?lise sist?mico dial?tico funcional-estrutural desenvolvidos Reshetova (1988) e N?nez (1992). Essa tese traz contribui??es significativas para o ensino-aprendizagem de uma rea??o qu?mica como sistema complexo. / The study of chemical reactions is among the most important contents to the understanding of Chemistry discipline in basic education. However, there are still few studies about chemical reactions as a complex system because, generally, this content is presented in textbooks, taught and even researched in a fragmented form. The thesis here presented aims to investigate, identify and characterize the mistakes and learning difficulties of the students about chemical reactions as a complex system, using for that purpose the analysis of the answers of 126 exams of candidates for the bachelor?s degree in Chemistry Teaching on the entrance exam for the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The mistakes and learning difficulties about the parameters ?G?, Kp, Ea and of the calculation of the amount of substance in a chemical reaction have been identified, as well as the levels of development of the ability to interpret the chemical reaction as a system. The main theoretical source of this study is structured based on the mistakes and learning difficulties (N??EZ, RAMALHO, 2012), of the chemical reactions as complex systems (N??EZ, 1994; RESHETOVA, 1988; SANDERSON, 1968). As methodology, it was prioritized the analysis of the answers to the exams and the interview with the teachers. The results showed typical mistakes in the study of this subject, especially low levels and skill development. No student was able to integrate the different aspects in the systemic understanding of the chemical reaction. From the interviews with Chemistry teachers from High School, it was determined the reasons the teachers assign to those mistakes and learning difficulties. The interviews revealed that the teachers do not work in the perspective of integration of the contents which leads the students to present difficulties and make mistakes related to the content previously mentioned. The study presents a proposal for the organization of the contents of Chemistry discipline for High School as a possibility of a dialectic systemic integration of contents, understanding that this systematic vision, leads to important contributions to the development of the theoretical thinking of the students. We can mention as one of the conclusions of this study, the fact that the non-systemic organization of contents do not favor this kind of thinking in students.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HerisonAO_DISSERT.pdf: 3081759 bytes, checksum: 59a4bbd5e10be405adf04193c0181a31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-06 / The building of water reservoirs has become a solution for water scarcity of the semiarid regions, however, the land use and occupation near the margins of the reservoirs have been causing serious damage to water quality, harming their use. This paper aims to analyze the land use and occupation in the margins of the Northeast reservoir and evaluate their influence on the water quality, to identify the areas and activities that represent an higher risk of contamination to the reservoir. The study was conducted at the reservoir Dourado, located in the city of Currais Novos - RN, during the period from August 2012 to February 2013. Were defined six areas regarding the land use and occupation, then, Water samples were collected from the margins in these areas for the characterization of water quality. The results showed that almost all Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) from the reservoir is degraded, increasing the susceptibility of large input of nutrients and contaminants loads. The water reservoir showed low quality, being with strong evidence of eutrophication due to the nutrient accumulation arising from the activities surrounding the reservoir, mainly from agriculture and Livestock. The Areas 1 and 2 are the areas that present a greater risk of reservoir degradation, because are the possible major sources of nutrients (phosphorus total, orthophosphate and nitrate), however, due to the small size of the reservoir, any compound that reaches its margins ultimately affects the water quality of the same / A constru??o de reservat?rios de ?gua se tornou uma solu??o para a escassez de ?gua das regi?es semi?ridas, por?m, a ocupa??o e o uso dos solos pr?ximos ?s margens dos reservat?rios v?m causando s?rios danos a qualidade da ?gua, chegando a prejudicar o seu uso. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o uso e ocupa??o do solo das margens de um reservat?rio nordestino e avaliar a sua influ?ncia sobre a qualidade da ?gua, visando identificar as ?reas e as atividades que representam um maior perigo de contamina??o ao reservat?rio. O trabalho foi realizado no reservat?rio Dourado, localizado no munic?pio de Currais Novos RN, durante per?odo de agosto de 2012 a fevereiro de 2013. Foram delimitadas seis ?reas quanto ao uso e ocupa??o do solo, em seguida, foram coletadas ?guas das margens dessas ?reas para a caracteriza??o da qualidade da ?gua. Os resultados mostraram que quase toda a ?rea de Preserva??o Permanente (APP) do reservat?rio esta degradada, aumentando a susceptibilidade de entrada de grandes cargas de nutrientes e de contaminantes. A ?gua do reservat?rio apresentou baixa qualidade, estando com fortes ind?cios de eutrofiza??o devido ao ac?mulo de nutrientes advindos das atividades realizadas nas margens do reservat?rio, principalmente da agricultura e da cria??o de animais. As ?reas 1 e 2 s?o as ?reas que apresentam um maior risco de degrada??o do reservat?rio, pois s?o as poss?veis maiores fontes de nutrientes (fosforo total, ortofosfato e nitrato), por?m, devido ao pequeno tamanho do reservat?rio, qualquer tipo de composto que chegue em sua margem acaba influenciando na qualidade da ?gua do mesmo

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LidioFN.pdf: 648110 bytes, checksum: 1755020588efafd24349e7c3557891e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Sotalia guianensis is a small cetacean of the Delphinidae family, with coastal habits and whose area of distribution ranges from Florian?polis (27?35'S, 48?34'W), in Brazil, to Honduras (15?58'N, 85?42'W). At Pipa beach, on the south coast of RN state, in Brazil, the species occur throughout the year. The present study was carried out in two bays, which are bordered by cliffs. The animals were monitored from vantage points, using the "Ad libitum" and "all the occurrences" methods; during the years of 1999 and 2004. The study was divided in 4 chapters: Behavioral standards of two populations of gray dolphin, (Sotalia guianensis, Van Ben?d?n, 1864) in the northeast of Brazil; Aerial activity of the gray dolphin: its possible function and the influence of environmental and behavioral factors; The influence of daily and monthly variation of the tides, of the period of the day and group size on the gray dolphin forage activity; kleptoparasitism interactions of frigatebird (Fregata magnificens, Mattheus, 1914) during the gray dolphin forage activity. The results have shown that the gray dolphin has a varied and complex behavioral repertoire. The leap is the most frequent behavior; the aerial activity is diffuse during daylight and is influenced by some factors, such as the level of the tide and social factors. The gray dolphin, when in the bay, most frequently feeds isolate or in small groups. The forage is diffuse during daylight; however, being more frequent in the morning and is influenced by the daily and monthly variation of the tide. At Pipa beach, kleptoparasitarian interactions were registered between the gray dolphin and the frigatebird (Fregata magnificens). The frigatebird forage strategy consists basically of two ways: to fly over great extensions searching for dead fish and to steal food (kleptoparasitism). These interactions were predominantly carried out between immature and female adult birds and adult and immature dolphins, and occurred during daylight. The present study can be considered an initial landmark to a better knowledge on the gray dolphin surface behavior, especially regarding the aerial behavioral repertoire and forage strategy of this species. However, it is necessary to continue these studies, so that we can understand better the complex social life of these animals and thus create effective measures for its conservation / Sotalia guianensis ? um pequeno cet?ceo da fam?lia dos Delphinidae, de h?bitos costeiros, cuja a ?rea de distribui??o ? de Florian?polis (27?35 S, 48?34 W), no Brasil, at? Honduras (15?58 N, 85?42 W). Na praia de Pipa, litoral sul do RN, Brasil, a esp?cie ocorre ao longo do ano. O presente estudo foi realizado em duas enseadas, que s?o contornadas por fal?sias. Os animais foram monitorados de pontos fixos atrav?s dos m?todos Ad libitum e todas as ocorr?ncias , entre os anos de 1999 e 2004. O estudo foi dividido em 4 cap?tulos: padr?es comportamentais de duas popula??es do boto cinza, (Sotalia guianensis, Van Ben?d?n, 1864) no nordeste do Brasil; Atividade a?rea do boto cinza: potencial fun??o e influ?ncia de fatores ambientais e comportamentais; A influ?ncia das mar?s de siz?gia e quadratura, da varia??o di?ria da mar?, do per?odo do dia e do tamanho de grupo no forrageio do boto cinza; Intera??es cleptoparasit?rias do guarapir? (Fregata magnificens, Matheus, 1914) durante a atividade de forrageio do boto cinza. Os resultados mostraram que o boto cinza tem um repert?rio comportamental variado e complexo. Os saltos s?o os comportamentos mais freq?entes, a atividade a?rea ? difusa ao longo do per?odo diurno e ? influenciada por fatores, como o n?vel da mar? e por fatores sociais. O boto cinza, dentro das enseadas, se alimenta com maior freq??ncia de forma solit?ria/isolada ou em pequenos grupos. O forrageio ? difuso ao longo do per?odo diurno, entretanto, ocorrendo com maior freq??ncia pela manh?, e ? influenciado pela varia??o di?ria da mar? e pelas mar?s de quadratura e siz?gia. Na praia de Pipa, foram registradas intera??es cleptoparasit?rias entre o boto cinza e o guarapir? (Fregata magnificens). A estrat?gia de forrageio do guarapir? consiste basicamente de duas formas: sobrevoar grandes extens?es a procura de peixes mortos e roubar o alimento (cleptoparasitismo). Essas intera??es foram predominantemente realizadas entre aves imaturas e f?meas adultas e botos adultos e imaturos, ocorrendo ao longo do per?odo diurno. O presente estudo pode ser considerado um marco inicial para um melhor conhecimento a respeito dos aspectos do comportamento de superf?cie do boto cinza, principalmente no que se refere ao repert?rio comportamental a?reo e ao forrageio dessa esp?cie. Entretanto, se faz necess?ria a continuidade desses trabalhos, para que possamos entender de uma maneira mais ampla a complexa vida social desses animais e assim criar medidas efetivas para a sua conserva??o

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-04T14:27:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HeloiseAndriellyNascimentoCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 1809358 bytes, checksum: a0116fb35021db655e6b0670cf1dfe83 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-14T12:44:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 HeloiseAndriellyNascimentoCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 1809358 bytes, checksum: a0116fb35021db655e6b0670cf1dfe83 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-14T12:44:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HeloiseAndriellyNascimentoCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 1809358 bytes, checksum: a0116fb35021db655e6b0670cf1dfe83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / A delimita??o das Florestas Estacionais deve ser realizada incluindo v?rios aspectos, como solo, relevo e vegeta??o. No Nordeste brasileiro, a Floresta Estacional Decidual ocorre em zona de contato entre a Caatinga, o Cerrado e a Mata Atl?ntica, sendo faixas estreitas e transicionais. No RN ocorre uma versatilidade florestal entre esses ecossistemas. A varia??o de altitude ? um fator importante de mudan?as de padr?es vegetacionais, no entanto pouco estudada em florestas nacionais e locais. O estudo foi realizado em uma ?rea de floresta decidual no munic?pio de Maca?ba. Esta foi dividida em 4 cotas, com diferen?a de 19 m de altitude entre elas. Foram coletados dados flor?sticos e fitossociol?gicos. Foi inventariado um total de 449 indiv?duos distribu?dos em 69 esp?cies, 49 g?neros e 36 fam?lias, sendo a fam?lia mais representativa a Fabaceae com 11 esp?cies e 164 indiv?duos, seguidas por Myrtaceae (10 esp?cies e 98 indiv?duos) e Malpighiaceae (4 esp?cies e 10 indiv?duos). As esp?cies Chamaecrista ensiformis (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, Guapira laxa (Netto) Furlan e Zanthoxylum syncarpum Tul. obtiveram os maiores ?ndices Fr: 50, 45 e 50 e VI: 25,11%; 17,09% e 19,58% respectivamente. Nenhuma esp?cie ocorreu ao longo de todo gradiente, havendo uma entrada e sa?da de t?xons constante. Os valores da DCA foram de -0,851 e - 6,8794; os ?ndices de J?, 0,8432, (C) 0,9533 E H?3,532; C2 apresentou os melhores valores para todos os ?ndices analisados, evidenciando um excelente estagio de conserva??o e fitofisionomia relacionada ? Mata Atl?ntica; C1 e C4, apesar da dist?ncia, apresentam fitofisionomia da Caatinga e do Cerrado, enquanto C3 apresenta t?xons de ampla distribui??o entre os biomas nacionais. Assim, observa-se uma significante dissimilaridade na estrutura vegetacional de modo suave e cont?nuo. / The delimitation of Deciduous Forests should be done including several aspects, such as soil, relief and vegetation. In the Brazilian Northeast, the Decidual Seasonal forest occurs in a contact zone between the Caatinga, the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest, being narrow and transitional bands. In the RN there is a forest versatility between these ecosystems. The altitude variation is an important factor of changes in vegetation patterns, however not deeply studied in national and local forests. The study was carried out in an area of deciduous forest in the county of Maca?ba, which was divided into 4 zones with a difference of 19 m of altitude between them, floristic and phytosociological data were collected. A total of 449 individuals distributed in 69 species, 49 genus and 36 families were inventoried. Fabaceae family was the most representative one with 11 species and 164 individuals, followed by Myrtaceae (10 species and 98 individuals) and Malpighiaceae (4 species and 10 indivisuals). Chamaecrista ensiformis (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, Guapira laxa (Netto) Furlan e Zanthoxylum syncarpum Tul species obtained the higher indexes Fr: 50, 45 e 50 e VI: 25,11%; 17,09% e 19,58% , repectively. No species occurred along the entire gradient, with a constant input and output of taxa, DCA values was -0,851 e -6,8794, the indexes de of J?0,8432 , (C) 0,9533 E H?3,532; C2 presented the best values for all analyzed indexes evidencing an excellent stage of conservation and phytosanation related to the Atlantic Forest. Ci and C4 in spite of the distance they present Phytophysiognomy of Caatinga and Cerado; While C3 presents taxa of wide distribution among the national biomes. Thus a significant dissimilarity in the vegetative structure is observed in a smooth and continuous way.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-04T20:41:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RayaneRicardoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3651048 bytes, checksum: 6930b6cb5290f28628f512cd882c69ad (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-06T20:43:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RayaneRicardoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3651048 bytes, checksum: 6930b6cb5290f28628f512cd882c69ad (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T20:43:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RayaneRicardoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3651048 bytes, checksum: 6930b6cb5290f28628f512cd882c69ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-02 / Este trabalho tem como objetivo a s?ntese do Nitreto de Ni?bio, a partir do precursor tris (oxalato) oxiniobato de am?nio hidratado, atrav?s de rea??o g?s-s?lido em reator de leito fixo. Os par?metros reacionais para o tratamento t?rmico para obter o NbN foram com as temperaturas de 700, 800, 900, 1000 e 1100 ?C variando o tempo na isoterma entre 3, 4 e 5 horas. A mistura gasosa ? composta de nitrog?nio e hidrog?nio. A composi??o e a vaz?o total do fluxo de gases foram variadas, como tamb?m a massa do precursor utilizado na rea??o. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados atrav?s de difra??o de raios-X (DRX), Refinamento Rietveld e Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV). Com o aumento da temperatura de rea??o e tempo na isoterma observamos a mudan?a de fase de ?xido de ni?bio para nitreto de ni?bio. Houve a forma??o de duas fases de nitreto, estando a fase hexagonal presente em maior quantidade, e a tetragonal em menor quantidade. Com a maior vaz?o, foi obtido o nitreto de ni?bio com alto teor de pureza. / The aim of this work is to study the synthesis of Niobium Nitride, starting from the precursor tris (oxalate) oxiniobate ammonium hydrate, through the gas-solid reaction in a fixed-bed reactor. The heat treatment reaction parameters to obtain the NbN were at temperatures 700, 800, 900 and 1000?C varying the time in the isotherm between 3, 4 and 5 hours. The gas mixture is composed of nitrogen and hydrogen. The composition and the total flow of the gas flow were varied, as well as the mass of the precursor used in the reaction. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld Refinement and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Increasing the reaction temperature and time in the isotherm it was observed the phase change of niobium oxide to niobium nitride. There was formation of two phases of nitride, and the hexagonal phase is present in greater quantity, and the tetragonal phase in less quantity. With the higher flow rate, the high purity niobium nitride was obtained.