This diploma thesis deals with a suitable proposal for a combination of promotional tools on social network sites Facebook and Instagram. In particular, the Reach, Views, and Followers variables will be tracked. In the theoretical part, the basic knowledge of the online marketing environment, knowledge of history and the advantages and disadvantages of classical and online marketing will be defined. In the upcoming analytical part from the described area, will be described potential opportunities for the development of social networking sites, which the author of this work uses to promote cultural events in Brno. The author of this work describes the competitive sites and profiles in the field of promotion of cultural events in Brno. In order to fulfill the stated goals of this work, a combination of paid or unpaid tools and their alternatives on the social networking sites Instagram and Facebook will be formulated.

Health and environmental risks associated with emissions of hazardous chemicals from articles, including everyday consumer products such as clothes and toys, have become widely acknowledged internationally, particularly in the EU. This thesis contributes to new understandings of how these risks are currently managed within the EU and recommends actions for ensuring a safe and sustainable use of chemicals in articles. Paper I provides an overview and comparative analysis of regulatory strategies for managing risks of chemicals in articles in the EU. The in-depth analysis, which is focused on the Toys Safety Directive, the RoHS Directive, and REACH, shows that the legislations differ significantly. Differences include e.g. what criteria are used for the selection of substances to be targeted for regulation, and the kind of requirements and restrictions applied to the selected substances. It is concluded that product-specific directives are important complements to REACH in order to ensure a safe use of chemicals in articles. Paper II evaluates to what extent the regulation of chemicals in articles under REACH is coherent with the rules concerning chemicals in the Sewage Sludge Directive (SSD) and the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The results show that the majority of the chemicals that are prioritized for phase-out under the WFD or for concentration restrictions in sludge and soil under the SSD are allowed to be used in articles according to REACH. In order to avoid end-of-pipe problems and to increase resource efficiency, it is argued that it is necessary to minimize the input of chemicals identified as hazardous to health or the environment into articles. Paper III aims to clarify what the substitution principle means and how it can reasonably be applied as part of chemical policies. A general definition is proposed that gives equal weight to hazard, functionality and economical considerations, while at the same time recognizing that the aim of the substitution principle is to reduce hazards to human health and the environment. This paper also summarizes major methods to promote and implement the principle, discusses legislative approaches with regard to their ability to promote substitution of hazardous chemicals, and makes proposals for an efficient implementation of the principle. / <p>QC 20121119</p>

Idag finns det en bred variation av influencers, där följarantalet varierar från några tusen till flera miljoner. Storleken på en influencers följarskara är ett väsentligt kriterium för ett företag när man ska välja influencer att samarbeta med. Dock kan det för ett företag vara en fördel att samarbeta med influencers som har ett mindre följarantal, men där denna istället har en närmare relation till sina följare. Det skulle alltså kunna vara så att en influencer med färre följare har större inverkan och att denna procentmässigt skulle kunna bidra till mer försäljning än en influencer med fler följare. Studien syftar till att undersöka om antalet följare en influencer har är en faktor som kan sättas i samband med hur många köp som genomförs vid en influencer-marknadsföring på Instagram. För att besvara detta har en kartläggning och en litteraturstudie genomförts. Studien har analyserat och jämfört 20 stycken unika samarbeten mellan ett utvalt företag i modebranschen och ett antal influencers med fler än 10 000 följare samt ett antal influencers med färre än 10 000 följare. Studiens resultat visade att influencers med färre antal följare hade större räckvidd och att deras inlägg ledde till fler köp i proportion till deras följarantal. Detta har betydelse för framtida samarbeten eftersom en influencer med färre följare många gånger har ett lägre arvode. Detta innebär i längden att företaget kan lägga mindre resurser på denna marknadsföring, men ändå få positiva resultat. Detta behöver dock inte utesluta användandet av influencers med ett större antal följare. Utan som företag bör man innan en kampanj startar, sätta upp mål och utgå ifrån vilken storlek på influencers som bäst passar deras mål.

En France, depuis les années 80, les personnes sans domicile ont fait l’objet de nombreux dénombrements, d’enquêtes tentant de les caractériser et de comprendre le phénomène d’exclusion afin d’orienter les politiques publiques d’assistance. Cependant rares sont les enquêtes réalisées avec un souci de représentativité et plus rares encore sont celles qui tentent d’évaluer l’état de santé des personnes sans domicile de manière objective, alors que la privation de logement est connue pour impacter durablement la santé. Ceci peut s’expliquer par le fait que les personnes sans domicile constituent une population au « contour flou », très hétérogène, évoluant constamment (en nombre et profils), dispersée et très mobile sur le territoire francilien mais également entre la rue et les différentes formes d’hébergement possibles. Ces particularités constituent autant de contraintes et difficultés à chaque étape de la réalisation d’une enquête dont les résultats se veulent extrapolables à une population donnée.Ce travail de thèse présente l’état des connaissances et le dispositif d’aide aux personnes sans domicile en 2007 et son évolution jusqu’en 2016. Il compile des connaissances sur l’état de santé et les conditions de vie des personnes sans domicile en Île-de-France, grâce à des enquêtes épidémiologiques, menées par l’Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, s’intéressant à la santé mentale, les ectoparasites ou encore l’anémie. Il détaille les principaux obstacles, méthodologiques et pratiques, rencontrés lors de ces enquêtes et les solutions retenues pour les surmonter. Enfin, il conclut à la possibilité de faire des estimations de prévalences raisonnables et fiables en santé. / Since the 80’s, many surveys have been carried to count and describe homeless people, and to understand the exclusion’s phenomenon to advice French public assistance policies. However, only a few surveys have been done ensuring representativeness and even fewer attempted in assessing the health status of homeless people in an objective way, whereas housing deprivation (homelessness) is known to have a durable impact on health. This can be explained by the fact that this population is difficult to define, as it is very heterogeneous and constantly evolving (number and profile wise). The homeless are also scattered and highly mobile within the Ile-de-France territory, and also between streets and different forms of accommodation. These particularities are all constraints to epidemiological surveys among homeless people, and the generalization of their results.This PhD thesis presents the state of knowledge on homelessness and what has been done in order to give support to this population between 2007 and 2016. It compiles knowledge on the health status and living conditions of homeless people in Ile-de-France based on epidemiological surveys carried out by the Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris focusing on mental health, ectoparasites or anemia. It details the main methodological and practical obstacles encountered during these investigations, the solutions chosen to overcome them and concludes by affirming that reasonable and reliable estimates of prevalence can be produced in the field of health.

Background: With falls a leading cause of injuries among those over age 65, early recognition of risk is imperative to reduce rising rates. The Forward Functional Reach test (FFRT) (Duncan et al., 1990) is frequently used to identify fall risk, however, the variability in cut values found in the research may be related to height and reach strategies. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if FFRT is affected by an individual’s height and if bilateral reach to height ratio could more accurately identify fall risk. Methods: Sixty-six participants (60 and older) were recruited from a senior center in Alabama. Inclusion criteria required: ability to stand for two minutes, walk independently with or without an assistive device for 20’, no restrictive neurological/orthopedic injury or vital signs. Participants were classified into height groups; short < 65”, medium 65” to 69”, or tall > 69” and as fall risk (1) or non-fall risk (0) based on health/fall history, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), Timed Up and Go (TUG), and handgrip strength; summative as fall risk composite score (FRCS). Distance using the FFRT for unilateral forward functional reach (UFFR) and bilateral forward functional reach (BFFR) was found then unilateral reach to height ratio (URHR) and bilateral reach to height ratio (BRHF) were calculated. Research Analysis/Discussion: A Pearson Correlation showed UFFR, BFFR, URHR, and BRHR negatively correlated to FRCS (-0.51 to -0.54) however height correlated greater with UFFR (0.59) and BFFR (0.63) than URHR (0.42) and BRHR (0.47). An ANOVA between height group comparison showed statistical differences; UFFR (p=3.03x10-6), BFFR (p=7.8x10-7), URHR (p=0.00123), BRHR (p=0.00052); greater difference for BFFR than UFFR. A multilinear regression showed both BFFR and BRHR more influential to FRCS. Using a scatterplot between UFFR and BFFR, BFFR cut point values specific to height groups reduced false negatives by >60% in all height groups. Conclusion: Height is a factor in FFRT. The extra calculation for reach to height ratio does not add improve fall risk identification. BFFR with cut points by height group, 10” for short, 11” for medium and 12” for tall, improves fall risk identification.

Jeff Vandermeer’s Southern Reach series has been a talking point for many ecocritical papers exploring themes of Anthropocene, uncanny, and hyperobjects. Despite the plethora of themes being investigated concerning climate change in Southern Reach, an important aspect, the climate change bureaucracy of the Southern Reach agency, is glossed over. This agency is responsible for containing Area X as well as understanding it. By primarily looking at Max Weber’s notions of bureaucracy and Jale Tosun’s and Michael Howelett’s discussion on public bureaucracy facing climate change, this thesis explores why the bureaucratic system of the Southern Reach fails to deal with climate change and, more importantly, claims that a rational bureaucratic administrative system is not equipped to deal with environmental changes of Area X because it defies the epistemological capacity of rational bureaucracy.

In a society where digitalization thrives, opportunities for both conducting e-commerce and promoting it are enhanced. A common marketing strategy that has shown to be efficient is collaborating with Social Media Influencers. It is widely known that social media influencers can greatly help e-commerce companies get noticed. However, it has remained a problem figuring out what an appropriate influencer is for one’s business purposes and marketing objectives.  This study has gathered empirical data by conducting qualitative studies, including interviews with four e-commerce companies. The researchers followed a deductive approach in their investigation. The interviews have helped identify patterns related to the research questions and have generated new insights in the field. The research provides a deeper understanding of which parameters are suitable for specific purposes. Additionally, the thesis highlights the interconnections between these parameters to elaborate an overall understanding of the strategy. The potential risks associated with the strategy are also addressed. This thesis highlights why certain social media influencers are considered more suitable than others in the perspective of an e-commerce business.

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Sitting in a Stranger's Bathtub is a collection of poetry interested in the relationship between grief and time. It seems the more grief "happens" or rather, reiterates or transforms itself (a birth provoked by something unknown and can only be attributed to time and its maturing), the more grief splinters and splits off creating alternate dimensions in which things went a little bit differently, where something grand can be imagined like being present for a mother's death. These poems consider these worlds half by choice, in order to let those lives continue in their mundane yet miraculous ways, and half by possession. These poems seek to represent the horrible pang of deja vu that proves the existence of alternate happenings, and also justify deja vu as a sensation intended to fill the fragments of memory. In keeping with the tradition of the Confessional movement, these poems aim toward honesty, toward revealing the truth, only possible by showing the failures of memory, particularly in the presence of grief. / Master of Fine Arts / Sitting in a Stranger’s Bathtub is a poetry collection.

Zur Bestimmung der toxizitätsrelevanten Thiolreaktivität wurde ein Chemoassay mit dem Modellnukleophil 4-Nitrothiophenol (NBT) entwickelt. Es wurden die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeitskonstanten kNBT für insgesamt 145 Verbindungen aus verschiedenen Stoffklassen bestimmt. Ein Modell zur Berücksichtigung der Flüchtigkeit der Elektrophile bei der Berechnung von kNBT wurde entwickelt. Außerdem wurde der Einfluss des pH-Werts auf die Thiolreaktivität unter reaktionsmechanistischen Gesichtspunkten diskutiert. Die NBT-Reaktivität wurde mit der Reaktivität gegenüber anderen toxizitätsrelevanten Nukleophilen verglichen. Zur Einordnung der Thiolreaktivität in den toxikologischen Zusammenhang wurden die Korrelationen zwischen kNBT und ausgewählten toxikologischen Endpunkten betrachtet. Am Beispiel der aquatischen Toxizität im Bioassay mit Tetrahymena pyriformis konnten stoffklassenspezifische Modelle zur Beschreibung der absoluten Toxizität log EC50 und der Toxizitätserhöhung log Te mit guter bis sehr guter Vorhersagekraft abgeleitet werden.