This thesis investigates how various text-talks, i.e. text-focused classroom discussions, may scaffold students’ reading of specialised texts in upper secondary school. The study consists of qualitative case studies based on classroom observations of two teachers’ History instruction, focusing on parts defined as text-talks. An intervention study was conducted where one teacher worked with two text-talk approaches. The research questions regard how students move in relation to the text in the text-talks and how text content is incorporated, what scaffolding structures emerge, and whether and how the text-talks differ. A secondary aim is to generate theories concerning the potentials and limitations of text-talk as a reading scaffold. Analyses were done in terms of text movability to show reading positions, intertextual cohesion to show relations between source text and text-talk, and scaffolding which includes peer scaffolding, teacher scaffolding and the text-talks as a scaffold per se. A methodological contribution is the development of a model for content-based analyses of authentic text-talks. The results show that in text-talks that work as a scaffold, students take the expected positions toward the text, and the talks are clearly related to the source text, by means of lexical and conjunctive cohesion that is often varied and built-out. For more demanding texts, the students show dynamic text movability and move between exploring contents, subject field and context. Other characteristics are either peer scaffolding showing dialogicity and negotiation of meaning, or teacher scaffolding enabling students to progress and develop tools for text reception. The intervention approaches seem to scaffold reading to a greater extent than text-talks within ordinary instruction where the framing is weak. In conclusion, the results suggest that both student- and teacher-led text-talks may scaffold reading, but they need to be well planned and prepared with a structured framing.

This thesis analyses discourses on health and wellbeing in three Swedish lifestyle magazines for women, Amelia, Tara and M-magasin, and how readers of these magazines reflect on and negotiate the values and identities presented in them. The aim of the thesis is to contribute to increased knowledge about mediatized religion, directed to women by commercial women's magazines on a secular market, and how this religion is presented, perceived and used as a resource for women's wellbeing, lifestyle and identity. The study is a qualitative case study combining a content analysis of what is referred to as the wellbeing discourses of the three magazines, and a reception study. This design was selected to combine a media centred and a consumer oriented perspective. Inspired by Nancy T. Ammerman, the magazines’ and the readers’ discursive understanding of religion and spirituality was approached through the concept of everyday religion. The magazines and the readers associated religion with institutional religion and a collective experience. Spirituality was related to non-institutional religion and individually chosen meaning-making elements from both non-institutional and institutional religion. This individualistic spirituality was, thus, still connected to institutional religion. This religion can, on an individual as well as structural level, be connected to a global holistic consumption spirituality and a standardization and homogenization of contemporary religion where practises like yoga and meditation occupied a prominent position. The understanding of religion and spirituality presented through the magazines’ wellbeing discourses, can be seen as “glossy-feminism”, a feminism that grows out of a neo-liberal self-help paradigm, and a feminisation of wellbeing in contemporary western society. Wellbeing is depicted as a female concern that legitimates the reader's attention to her own body as the primary tool to achieve control over her own life and social relationships, and for gender equality in society. This strategy is connected to female caring practice in traditional gender positions. The thesis draws on theories of deregulation of religion, the mediatization and individualisation of religion, and contributes to a deeper understanding of how these shape contemporary religious change. Through focusing the understudied area of commercial women's magazines, it contributes with new knowledge to the field of research on media as a primary source of peoples’ encounter with religion. / Impact of Religion

The purpose of this study is to examine how television series can function as a resource for existential reflection in peoples’ lives and thus, be a tool in the creation of a personal view on life. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate how television series can answer existential matters such as life, death, conflicts and finding peace.   The study was based on a survey which was answered by 82 informants and contained 42 questions in which 38 out of these concerned television series explicitly. 25 questions were closed multiple choice questions and 13 were open ended qualitative questions in which the informants were given the opportunity to give examples of different television series and reflect on these. Furthermore, the analysis was based on the reception theory which states that we as viewers are not apathetic to what we see, but reflect on it, both consciously and subconsciously. The results were analyzed from a theoretical framework which categorized the answers into seven different ways a viewer can relate to television series. The dimensions were the following: the contemplative dimension, the problem-solving dimension, the utopian dimension, the senso-motoric dimension, the ethical dimension, the philosophical-existential dimension and the self-reflexive dimension.   The results show that television series do function as a resource for existential reflection in the informants’ lives and can also be a resource for the construction of the informants’ personal view on life. Additionally, the results show that television series, although not always as explicitly, illustrate and provide answers for existential matters.

A presente pesquisa propõe-se discutir as práticas culturais no que tange à questão do acesso, tomando o espaço do museu e o campo museológico como objetos. Investiga-se, aqui, em que medida as questões econômicas, associadas às identitárias, atuam como possíveis vetores motivacionais de tais práticas culturais. Constituiu nosso ponto de partida o interesse em entender de que maneira o binômio cultura x identidade, em decorrência de sua gestão na instituição museal, intervém ou não no alargamento das distâncias entre esses equipamentos culturais que são os museus e demandas sociais específicas, assim como de que maneira converge para a edificação de fronteiras intangíveis mediadas pelas identidades culturais. Como extensão disso, serão investigadas as possíveis barreiras materiais e semânticas, compreendidas pela geografia, pela arquitetura, pelo discurso curatorial e pela mediação, que podem potencializar ou comprometer o acesso ao museu, analisando tais variáveis de forma crítica, transversal e interdisciplinar. A Pinacoteca do Estado foi escolhida como locus de estudo, onde foram confrontadas as categorias de análise citadas acima, nesse cenário - o museu, que se pressupõe ser um espaço de representação social - com o intuito de potencializar o seu caráter, que deve ser plural e apto a estabelecer um processo dialógico com diferentes tipos de público por meio de seu acervo, de modo que os diferentes interlocutores atuem como protagonistas na construção desse diálogo como um processo dialético. Para tanto, o museu será tomado como campo de cultura e analisado a partir de uma perspectiva socioeconômica e ideológica, sendo sempre compreendido como um sistema de ação contínua e interarticulada que deve visar uma produção de conhecimento aprazível e fluída, e que se materializa em práticas cotidianas. / This research discusses the cultural practices, assessing the issue of access, and adopting the space of the museum and the museological field as objects. It investigates to what extent the economic issues, associated with identity issues, act as potential motivational vectors of these practices. It is guided by an interest in understanding in how the binomial culture x identity, as a result of the management of the museological institution, does or does not intervene in the broadening of the distances between these cultural facilities and specific social demands, as well as converges towards the building of intangible borders mediated by cultural identities. AS an extension of that, the possible material and semantic barriers that may or may not potentiate access shall be investigated, barriers such as those constituted by geography, architecture, curatorial discourse and mediation, which may potentialize or compromise the access to the museum, analyzing such variables critically, transversely and inter-disciplinarily. Thus, the State\'s Pinacoteca was adopted as a study locus, where were confronted the categories of analysis mentioned above - in this scenario which is assumed to be a space of social representation - in order to strengthen its character, that should be plural and able to establish a dialogic process with different kinds of public by means of its collections, so that this public acts as protagonist on the construction of this dialogue as a dialectical process. For such, the museum will be considered as a space of culture, analyzed in a socioeconomic and ideological perspective, and understood as a system of continuous and inter-articulated action aiming at a pleasant and fluid production of knowledge that is embodied in everyday practices.

In 1973 the famous Swedish children’s author Astrid Lindgren wrote the story about the brothers Lionheart. A story about the love between two brothers, bravery and death. Ever since, there have been a widely discussion whether the story is suitable for the young readers. Although the voices heard in the discussion mostly comes from grown-ups, but what does the children actually think? The aim of this study was to display the children’s interpretations in terms of the metaphors, the semiotics and the sequence of events the film Brothers Lionheart which was screened in the first time 1977. To answer the issues we watched the movie and implemented semi-structured interviews with seven 10-11 year old children. The children in this study gave us both different and interesting interpretations in terms of the metaphors and semiotics which could depend on different experiences in life and backgrounds. This study also shows that the children’s perception of the narrative structure in the movie varies which could mean that their story scheme sometimes is more or less developed in this age.

Submitted by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2017-11-06T14:30:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAMILLA R N DA COSTA ROCHA.pdf: 1273001 bytes, checksum: 8bbfd2be75af3c17726501b3bd835ec5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2017-11-06T14:31:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CAMILLA R N DA COSTA ROCHA.pdf: 1273001 bytes, checksum: 8bbfd2be75af3c17726501b3bd835ec5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Cristina Ropero (ana@espm.br) on 2017-11-10T12:12:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CAMILLA R N DA COSTA ROCHA.pdf: 1273001 bytes, checksum: 8bbfd2be75af3c17726501b3bd835ec5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-10T12:15:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CAMILLA R N DA COSTA ROCHA.pdf: 1273001 bytes, checksum: 8bbfd2be75af3c17726501b3bd835ec5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-03 / The field of Communication allows us to keep a close eye on what communicative culture. The present research starts from the constitution of the media narratives of gender when discussing the homoaffective family, to investigate their social presence. This is because it tries to understand, in addition to concept in the telenovela, the reception of the same by the students of the High School, or what are the uses and appropriations of students in the 1st and 3rd years of State Public Schools, with regard to the articulation of homoaffective families outlined in the telenovelas Love to Life and Family. Therefore, in order to understand the meanings and resignifications of enunciators and enunciators, in the we are worth the theoretical-methodological contributions of French Line Discourse Analysis (ADF) from authors like Orlandi, Bakhtin, Baccega, Gregolin, among others. In a second At the moment, we launch qualitative research through the use of interview techniques in depth and discussion group with the students of the State Public Schools, Professor Rômulo Pero and Jardim Santa Ângela. In addition, we bibliographies and documentaries mobilizing authors such as Thompson, Martín-Barbero, Hall and Canclini (Cultural Studies); Baccega, Kellner, Martín-Barbero (Communication); Slater, Baccega, Alonso, Douglas (Consumption), among others, with different theoretical contributions. / O campo da Comunicação nos permite um olhar atento para aquilo que de comunicativo é feita a cultura. A presente pesquisa parte da constituição das narrativas midiáticas de gênero ficcional quando apresenta um debate em torno da família homoafetiva, para investigar sua presença no seio social. Isso porque intenta compreender, para além da construção desse conceito na telenovela, a recepção do mesmo por parte dos estudantes do Ensino Médio, ou seja, quais são os usos e apropriações dos estudantes do 1º e do 3º anos do Ensino Médio de Escolas Públicas Estaduais, no que se refere à articulação das famílias homoafetivas esboçadas nas telenovelas Amor à Vida e Em Família. Para tanto, com o intuito de compreender as significações e ressignificações dos enunciadores e enunciatários, nos valemos dos aportes teórico-metodológicos da Análise de Discurso de Linha Francesa (ADF) a partir de autores como Orlandi, Bakhtin, Baccega, Gregolin, entre outros. Em um segundo momento, lançamo-nos em pesquisas qualitativas por meio do uso das técnicas de entrevista em profundidade e grupo de discussão junto aos estudantes das Escolas Públicas Estaduais, Professor Rômulo Pero e Jardim Santa Ângela. Além disso, adotamos pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais mobilizando autores como Thompson, Martín-Barbero, Hall e Canclini (Estudos Culturais); Baccega, Kellner, Martín-Barbero (Comunicação); Slater, Baccega, Alonso, Douglas (Consumo), entre outros, com diferentes aportes teóricos.

Studiens syfte är att lyfta fram mottagarnas tolkningar om reklamens budskap inom fältet TV-reklam, och dess inkludering av regionala stereotyper. Genom tillämpning av receptionsstudie, där både en semiotisk analys och respondentintervjuer får rum, bidrar studien till fortsatt diskussion inom mottagarstudier. Materialet för den semiotiska analysen är två reklamfilmer från Elons reklamfilmsserie som publicerades 2012, de titulerades Elon Norrland och Elon Småland. Filmerna används även som material för intervjuerna för att kunna framställa det empiriska materialet från respondenterna. Olika teorier används för att styra uppsatsen i rätt riktning, däribland semiotiken med de relevanta begreppen denotation, konnotation och myt. Här återfinns också begreppet stereotyp som är en bärande del i uppsatsen. Bland teorierna finns även polysemin som också är av vikt för studiens resultat. Tillsammans med Halls koder dominant, förhandlande och oppositionell delas svaren från intervjuerna tematiskt in i kategorier. Den semiotiska analysen resulterade i en upptäckt av sammanlänkande kedjor som tillsammans bidrar till en föreställning om och ett skapande av regionala stereotyperna Norrland och Småland. I receptionsstudiens andra del, respondentintervjuerna, framkom resultatet att flertalet respondenter såg reklamerna som humoristiska och många har även uppfattat de regionala stereotyperna, vilket kan tolkas som den dominanta synen. Vidare framgick det att alla inte väljer att fullt ut acceptera de budskap som visas, utan förhandlar snarare med budskapet och det reklamen vill förmedla. Sedan framkom det även att några respondenter satt sig i opposition till dessa stereotyper och förkastade dem. Vi kan konstatera att det finns en polysemisk bild av publikens tolkning. / The purpose of this study is to highlight the recipients' interpretations of the advertising message in the field of TV advertising, and its inclusion of regional stereotypes. Through the application of a reception study, where both a semiotic analysis and respondent interviews are presented, contributes the study to continued discussion within recipient studies. The material for the semiotic analysis is two commercials from Elon's commercial series published in 2012, named Elon Norrland and Elon Småland. These are used as material for the interviews in order to be able to produce the empirical material from the respondents. Different theories were used to steer the essay in the right direction, including semiotics with the relevant concepts of denotation, connotation and myth. The concept of stereotype is also of great importance to the thesis. Polysemy is also included as a theory and together with Hall's three codes; dominant, negotiating and oppositional, the answers from the interviews are divided thematically into several categories. The semiotic analysis resulted in a discovery of interconnecting chains that together contribute to a notion of and the creation of the regional stereotypes Norrland and Småland. In the second part of the reception study, the respondent interviews, the result showed that most respondents saw the advertisements as humorous and many also recognized the regional stereotypes, this can be interpreted as the dominant view. Furthermore, it appeared that everyone does not choose to fully accept the messages that were displayed, but rather negotiate with the message and what the advertisement wants to convey. And lastly some respondents emerged to oppose to these stereotypes and rejected them. We can state that there is a polysemic picture of the audience's interpretation.

This thesis investigates how various text-talks, i.e. text-focused classroom discussions, may scaffold students’ reading of specialised texts in upper secondary school. The study consists of qualitative case studies based on classroom observations of two teachers’ History instruction, focusing on parts defined as text-talks. An intervention study was conducted where one teacher worked with two text-talk approaches. The research questions regard how students move in relation to the text in the text-talks and how text content is incorporated, what scaffolding structures emerge, and whether and how the text-talks differ. A secondary aim is to generate theories concerning the potentials and limitations of text-talk as a reading scaffold. Analyses were done in terms of text movability to show reading positions, intertextual cohesion to show relations between source text and text-talk, and scaffolding which includes peer scaffolding, teacher scaffolding and the text-talks as a scaffold per se. A methodological contribution is the development of a model for content-based analyses of authentic text-talks. The results show that in text-talks that work as a scaffold, students take the expected positions toward the text, and the talks are clearly related to the source text, by means of lexical and conjunctive cohesion that is often varied and built-out. For more demanding texts, the students show dynamic text movability and move between exploring contents, subject field and context. Other characteristics are either peer scaffolding showing dialogicity and negotiation of meaning, or teacher scaffolding enabling students to progress and develop tools for text reception. The intervention approaches seem to scaffold reading to a greater extent than text-talks within ordinary instruction where the framing is weak. In conclusion, the results suggest that both student- and teacher-led text-talks may scaffold reading, but they need to be well planned and prepared with a structured framing.

Ce travail vise à observer les mécanismes à l'œuvre dans la canonisation des nouvelles finlandaises et estoniennes. L’auteur présente d’abord les travaux théoriques qui concernent le canon littéraire et les fréquents débats entourant cette notion. Il étudie ensuite le rôle des plus importantes instances canonisatrices (recensions, travaux critiques, prix littéraires, anthologies, traductions, institution scolaire et universitaire) en Finlande et en Estonie. Une attention particulière est accordée à la réception critique dans les revues littéraires des deux pays, et à la présentation qui est faite des classiques de la nouvelle dans les manuels de littérature.Des études de cas sont ensuite présentées : à partir d’exemples tirés d’écrivains ou de thèmes précis, l’auteur y met en lumière certains phénomènes caractéristiques de la canonisation, et diverses circonstances susceptibles de faciliter la canonisation des textes, ou au contraire d’y faire obstacle. Ces analyses débouchent sur des propositions de nouveaux outils théoriques pour l'étude diachronique des canons. / This study aims to analyze the mechanisms of canonization, based upon Finnish and Estonian short stories. The author first presents the theoretical works about literary canons and the frequent debates that surround that notion. He then studies the respective roles of the most important canonizing instances (critical articles, critical works, literary prizes, anthologies, translations, educational system) in Finland and Estonia. Attention is particularly drawn toward critical reception in literary journals, and the way classical short stories are evocated in literary handbooks. Case studies dealing with precise authors and themes lead to several proposals of new theoretical tools for the diachronic study of canons and the description of canonization-related phenomena and the different circumstances which can help or hinder the canonization of short stories.

A presente pesquisa propõe-se discutir as práticas culturais no que tange à questão do acesso, tomando o espaço do museu e o campo museológico como objetos. Investiga-se, aqui, em que medida as questões econômicas, associadas às identitárias, atuam como possíveis vetores motivacionais de tais práticas culturais. Constituiu nosso ponto de partida o interesse em entender de que maneira o binômio cultura x identidade, em decorrência de sua gestão na instituição museal, intervém ou não no alargamento das distâncias entre esses equipamentos culturais que são os museus e demandas sociais específicas, assim como de que maneira converge para a edificação de fronteiras intangíveis mediadas pelas identidades culturais. Como extensão disso, serão investigadas as possíveis barreiras materiais e semânticas, compreendidas pela geografia, pela arquitetura, pelo discurso curatorial e pela mediação, que podem potencializar ou comprometer o acesso ao museu, analisando tais variáveis de forma crítica, transversal e interdisciplinar. A Pinacoteca do Estado foi escolhida como locus de estudo, onde foram confrontadas as categorias de análise citadas acima, nesse cenário - o museu, que se pressupõe ser um espaço de representação social - com o intuito de potencializar o seu caráter, que deve ser plural e apto a estabelecer um processo dialógico com diferentes tipos de público por meio de seu acervo, de modo que os diferentes interlocutores atuem como protagonistas na construção desse diálogo como um processo dialético. Para tanto, o museu será tomado como campo de cultura e analisado a partir de uma perspectiva socioeconômica e ideológica, sendo sempre compreendido como um sistema de ação contínua e interarticulada que deve visar uma produção de conhecimento aprazível e fluída, e que se materializa em práticas cotidianas. / This research discusses the cultural practices, assessing the issue of access, and adopting the space of the museum and the museological field as objects. It investigates to what extent the economic issues, associated with identity issues, act as potential motivational vectors of these practices. It is guided by an interest in understanding in how the binomial culture x identity, as a result of the management of the museological institution, does or does not intervene in the broadening of the distances between these cultural facilities and specific social demands, as well as converges towards the building of intangible borders mediated by cultural identities. AS an extension of that, the possible material and semantic barriers that may or may not potentiate access shall be investigated, barriers such as those constituted by geography, architecture, curatorial discourse and mediation, which may potentialize or compromise the access to the museum, analyzing such variables critically, transversely and inter-disciplinarily. Thus, the State\'s Pinacoteca was adopted as a study locus, where were confronted the categories of analysis mentioned above - in this scenario which is assumed to be a space of social representation - in order to strengthen its character, that should be plural and able to establish a dialogic process with different kinds of public by means of its collections, so that this public acts as protagonist on the construction of this dialogue as a dialectical process. For such, the museum will be considered as a space of culture, analyzed in a socioeconomic and ideological perspective, and understood as a system of continuous and inter-articulated action aiming at a pleasant and fluid production of knowledge that is embodied in everyday practices.