O objeto de estudo deste trabalho são as refrações da obra The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, do escritor escocês Robert Louis Stevenson, publicada pela primeira vez em 1886 e, em particular, suas traduções, adaptações e reescritas em língua portuguesa. Além dos teóricos da Tradução e da Literatura, esta tese procurou reunir as opiniões e os pensamentos de pesquisadores e escritores que analisaram Jekyll and Hyde. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi elencar as obras publicadas em língua portuguesa e o objetivo específico foi analisar algumas dessas traduções, pela montagem de um corpus paralelo de textos alinhados, à luz dos aspectos levantados nas edições anotadas. A partir do material coletado e analisado, concluímos que o livro The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde está presente na mente dos brasileiros, não só por suas traduções em língua portuguesa, mas também pelas demais formas de refração que a obra suscitou / The object of this study are the refractions of the work The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, penned by the Scottish writer Robert Louis Stevenson and published for the first time in 1886 and, in particular the translations, adaptations and revisions of this work in the Portuguese language. Apart from the theorists in the fields of Translation and Literature, this thesis has also tried to gather the opinions and the thoughts of different researchers and writers who have analysed Jekyll and Hyde. The general aim of this research was that of listing the works currently available in Portuguese, while the specific purpose of this study was that of analysing some of these translations, followed by the creation of a parallel corpus of aligned texts, based on the aspects we have observed in the listed editions. Based on the material that has been collected and analysed, we come to the conclusion that the book The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is very much present in Brazilians minds, not only through the translations thereof into the Portuguese language, but also through the other types of refractions that the work has aroused

Este trabalho abordará uma breve descrição de fenômenos óticos não lineares, apresentando resultados de caracterização ótica não linear para diferentes materiais, assim como resultados para uma nova técnica de caracterização. Serão apresentados aspectos básicos de determinação do índice de refração não linear através da técnica de varredura Z que é um método bem estabelecido e amplamente difundido. Esta técnica porém não é eficiente para filmes finos e amostras com baixa não linearidade. Com a utilização de uma montagem interferométrica é possível gerar um crescimento na sensibilidade da técnica, atenuando o oscilador local sem nenhuma perda no sinal não linear gerado, acarretando em uma melhoria da relação sinal-ruído. / An introduction to nonlinear optics will be addressed in this work, presenting results of optical characterization to many different materials as well as results from a new characterization technique. Basic aspects to nonlinear index refraction measurement will be presented through Z-scan, which is a well-established method. This technique is not efficient for thin films or samples presenting low nonlinearity. Using a interferometric setup is possible to produce an increase in sensibility, attenuanting local oscillator without degrading the generated nonlinear signal, what establishes a better signal-noise relation.

The Tualatin Valley is a well defined elliptical basin centered at Hillsboro, with a major axis trending roughly N65°W. The valley is bordered on the northeast by the Tualatin Mountains (Portland Hills) which are a faulted, northwest-trending asymmetrical anticline. Topographic and geophysical evidence have defined the Portland Hills fault, which occurs along the northeast side of the Tualatin Mountains. The possibility that a fault or fault zone occurs along the southwest side of the Tualatin Mountains was investigated in this study.

SP, resistivity/IP and seismic refraction responses of the Woodlawn Orebody and Mt.Bulga Deposit are examined and compared. Both exhibit similar responses produced mainly by uneconomic and disseminated sulphide mineralization and host rock features, demonstrating that the magnitude and character of electrical and seismic responses are not reliable indicators of size and economic sulphide content of volcanogenic sulphide ores. SP, soil geochemistry and electrogeochemistry are found to be the most effective exploration methods followed by resistivity/IP and seismic refraction. The large SP responses over both ore zones are simulated using new methods which allowed the width and depth of oxidation to be computed. Conventional and compensation array resistivity responses best define the deposits. Computer simulation shows that dipole- dipole and Unipole arrays are most useful. First order IP responses are large and similar, but the ore zones are not easily distinguished from polarizable host rocks. Second order responses, at Woodlawn, better define these lithologies and cross-plots of EM coupling removed first order parameters prove useful. The supergene and gossan zones are defined as sources of electrical anomalies and correlate with interpreted SP sources. Seismic velocities of fresh Woodlawn ore samples indicate only small contrasts with host rocks. Refraction travel-time data are highly complex but host rocks are clearly distinguished by their seismic velocities. Both deposits appear as low velocity zones at the general bedrock level which are shallower and narrower than the electrical sources associated with the ore zones. Extensive model simulation shows that the Reciprocal interpretation method is most useful when compared to other time- term methods for refraction interpretation but has some limitations. Computer simulation shows the significance of non- critical refractions, diffractions and laterally hidden zones which define the lateral resolution of the refraction method. The results of this study and the interpretative techniques developed will assist the exploration for similar and deeper massive volcanogenic orebodies in comparable geological environments.

<p>In a prospective population-based study in Stockholm County, 1998-2000, the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was investigated and was found to be 36% in prematurely-born infants with a birth weight of ≤ 1500 grams. Compared to a study performed ten years ago, the overall incidence was unchanged, but was reduced in “mature” infants and increased in immature ones. The incidence of ROP was 25% in infants with a gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks at birth. The main risk factors for ROP were the gestational age at birth, followed by the birth weight. Current guidelines for ROP screening in Sweden were modified.</p><p>A 10-year follow-up study of the ophthalmological findings in prematurely-born children, previously included in a prospective population-based incidence study of ROP, was performed. The children were compared with full-term ones. </p><p>Prematurely-born children ran a four times higher risk of refractive errors than full-term ones. The cryotreated children had the highest risk, but those without ROP also had more refractive errors than the full-terms. Within the group of prematurely-born children, the cryotreated ones had the highest prevalence of myopia, astigmatism and anisometropia, but no difference was found regarding hypermetropia.</p><p>The visual acuity of prematurely-born children was poorer than that of the full-terms. The cryotreated children and those with neurological complications had the most marked reduction, but the children without ROP and neurological findings also had a poorer visual outcome than the full-terms. The prevalence of visual impairment was 1.8% among the prematurely-born children, and was due to ROP in half the cases and cerebral lesions in the others. </p><p>The cryotreated children had constricted peripheral visual fields compared to the untreated prematurely-born and full-term children. The central visual fields tended to be reduced in the prematurely-born children compared to the full-terms, but no difference was observed within the preterm group.</p>

Graduation date: 1988

Material and structure engineering are increasingly employed in active optical media,in this context defined as media capable of providing laser or/and optical parametric gain. For laser materials, the main aim of the engineering is to tailor the absorption and emission cross sections in order to optimise the laser performance. At the same time, the engineering also results in a collateral modification of the material’s nonlinear response. In the first part of this work, the nonlinear index of refraction is characterised for two crystallographic forms of laser-ion doped and undoped double-tungstate crystals. These laser crystals have broad gain bandwidths, in particular when doped with Yb3+. As shown in this work, the crystals also have large Kerr nonlinearities, where the values vary significantly for different chemical compositions of the crystals. The combination of a broad gain bandwidthand a high Kerr nonlinearity makes the laser-ion doped double tungstates excellent candidates to employ for the generation of ultrashort laser pulses by Kerr-lens modelocking. The second part of the work relates to the applications of engineered second-order nonlinear media, which here in particular are periodically-poled KTiOPO4 crystals. Periodic structure engineering of second-order nonlinear crystals on a submicrometre scale opens up for the realisation of novel nonlinear devices. By the use of quasi-phase matching in these structures, it is possible to efficiently downconvert a pump wave into two counterpropagating parametric waves, which leads to a device called a mirrorless optical parametric oscillator. The nonlinear response in these engineered submicrometre structures is such that the parametric wave that propagates in the opposite direction of the pump automatically has a narrow bandwidth, whereas the parametric wave that propagates with the pump essentially is a frequency-shifted replica of the pump wave. The unusual spectral properties andthe tunabilities of mirrorless optical parametric oscillators are investigated. / QC 20120330

In a prospective population-based study in Stockholm County, 1998-2000, the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was investigated and was found to be 36% in prematurely-born infants with a birth weight of ≤ 1500 grams. Compared to a study performed ten years ago, the overall incidence was unchanged, but was reduced in “mature” infants and increased in immature ones. The incidence of ROP was 25% in infants with a gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks at birth. The main risk factors for ROP were the gestational age at birth, followed by the birth weight. Current guidelines for ROP screening in Sweden were modified. A 10-year follow-up study of the ophthalmological findings in prematurely-born children, previously included in a prospective population-based incidence study of ROP, was performed. The children were compared with full-term ones. Prematurely-born children ran a four times higher risk of refractive errors than full-term ones. The cryotreated children had the highest risk, but those without ROP also had more refractive errors than the full-terms. Within the group of prematurely-born children, the cryotreated ones had the highest prevalence of myopia, astigmatism and anisometropia, but no difference was found regarding hypermetropia. The visual acuity of prematurely-born children was poorer than that of the full-terms. The cryotreated children and those with neurological complications had the most marked reduction, but the children without ROP and neurological findings also had a poorer visual outcome than the full-terms. The prevalence of visual impairment was 1.8% among the prematurely-born children, and was due to ROP in half the cases and cerebral lesions in the others. The cryotreated children had constricted peripheral visual fields compared to the untreated prematurely-born and full-term children. The central visual fields tended to be reduced in the prematurely-born children compared to the full-terms, but no difference was observed within the preterm group.

Les considérations environnementales occupent une place croissante dans l'opinion publique ainsi que dans les politiques nationales et internationales. Le cas de la rivière en est un exemple particulièrement frappant : au centre d'enjeux multiples et pour certains hautement stratégiques (énergie, irrigation), elle est le théâtre d'un conflit d'usages donnant lieu à l'établissement de compromis particulièrement fins pour la gestion de la ressource. Dans les approches les plus courantes, la description de l'état et du fonctionnement d'un hydrosystème tel que celui de la rivière est effectuée par la mesure de variables physiques ou la mise en relation des variables d'intérêt avec les paramètres physiques quantifiables caractérisant le milieu (modèles hydrauliques, modèles hydrobiologiques). L'objectif de ce travail est donc de proposer une réponse à la question de la mesure de la géométrie de la rivière par télédétection. On s'attache tout d'abord à décrire le contexte particulier de la rivière mentionné plus haut puis à effectuer un état de l'art faisant ressortir une lacune pour la restitution du relief immergé par stéréo à travers l'eau avec des moyens légers. On propose ensuite une méthode complète d'acquisition d'images et de traitements permettant d'estimer le relief immergé de rivière. Le travail effectué repose sur la mise en oeuvre de moyens technologiques légers permettant une grande flexibilité pour l'acquisition des données. On se base sur les méthodes de stéréorestitution du relief, pour lesquelles on propose une adaptation au contexte spécifique de la photogrammétrie à travers l'eau. Enfin, on met en place des méthodes de correction des mesures brutes intégrant des contraintes a priori (cohérence hydraulique ; cohérence spatiale) pour la correction de l'effet de réfraction. L'application de la méthode développée en conditions opérationnelles sur une rivière peu profonde à fond de galets montre que la mesure du relief immergé par stéréophotogrammétrie est possible, et permet une représentation de la topographie du lit d'une qualité compatible avec les modèles hydrobiologiques (modèles habitat-poisson). On a ainsi développé, testé, validé et determiné les conditions d'application d'une méthode de mesure de la géométrie de la rivière par télédétection originale et complémentaire des technologies existantes.

For photographers to capture good pictures of their subjects, the lighting conditions must be taken into account and adjusted for accordingly. The same holds true for a satellite attempting to photograph another object in space: it must know the lighting conditions to adjust camera settings and position itself properly to take the best photograph. This thesis presents a photon mapping based algorithm to compute a physically accurate representation of the illumination of objects in orbit around the Earth, taking into account the effects that cause refraction in the atmosphere. I also discuss the assumptions that I have made to utilize the algorithm in an interactive 3D visualization tool, which I implemented to view the illumination on objects at arbitrary positions in space. Finally, I show that the photon mapping method offers improvements over simpler methods of computing illumination.