Given a formal model of the behavior of a system, an objective and some notion of control the goal of controller synthesis is to construct a (finite-state) controller that ensures that the system always satisfies the objective. Often, the controller can base its decisions only on limited observations of the system. This notion of limited observability induces a partial-information game between the controller and the uncontrollable part of the system. A successful controller then realizes an observation-based strategy that enforces the objective. In this thesis we consider the controller synthesis problem in the linear-time setting where the behavior of the system is given as a nondeterministic, labeled transitions system A, where the controller can only partially observe and control the behavior of A. The goal of the thesis is to develop a compositional approach for constructing controllers, suitable to treat conjunctive cascades of linear-time objectives P_1, P_2, ..., P_k in an online manner. We iteratively construct a controller C_1 for system A enforcing P_1, then a controller C_2 enforcing P_2 for the parallel composition of the first controller with the system, and so on. It is crucial for this approach that each controller C_i enforces P_i in a most general manner, being as permissive as possible. Otherwise, behavior that is needed to enforce subsequent objectives could be prematurely removed. Standard notions of strategies and controllers only allow the most general treatment for the limited class of safety objectives. We introduce a novel concept of most general strategies and controllers suited for the compositional treatment of objectives beyond safety. We demonstrate the existence of most general controllers for all enforceable, observation-based omega-regular objectives and provide algorithms for the construction of such most general controllers, with specialized variants for the subclass of safety and co-safety objectives. We furthermore adapt and apply our general framework for the compositional synthesis of most general controllers to the setting of exogenous coordination in the context of the channel-based coordination language Reo and the constraint automata framework and report on our implementation in the verification toolset Vereofy. The construction of most general controllers in Vereofy for omega-regular objectives relies on our tool ltl2dstar for generating deterministic omega-automata from Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formulas. We introduce a generic improvement for exploiting insensitiveness to stuttering during the determinization construction and evaluate its effectiveness in practice. We further investigate the performance of recently proposed variants of Safra\'s determinization construction in practice.

Submitted by PPG Hist?ria (historia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-11T18:28:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO HENRIQUE HELMS - final.pdf: 8241824 bytes, checksum: 9119bc635493fb610f1105e4d59cdce4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-26T17:08:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO HENRIQUE HELMS - final.pdf: 8241824 bytes, checksum: 9119bc635493fb610f1105e4d59cdce4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T17:11:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO HENRIQUE HELMS - final.pdf: 8241824 bytes, checksum: 9119bc635493fb610f1105e4d59cdce4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The air transport model has been consolidated as one of the most important economic markets in the past decades. The growing need for travelling more and more to farther regions around the globe has boosted the aeronautical industry in a significant way. However, the transportation of humans also entails the transportation of undesirable viruses and diseases. This study proposes the analysis of the influence of air transport in the spread of these viruses. In order to do so, we conduct a historical review on the evolution of some of the most impactful outbreaks ever experienced, focusing on the H1N1(2009) and on the Zika (2015-2016) epidemics. Through this analysis, we can clearly demonstrate that the growth in the air market - illustrated by larger aircraft, more locations being linked, and more operational technology, impact on more people flying and, consequently, more diseases being spread. Despite the efforts on behalf of aviation and health authorities and the use of technology, there is the need for more studies and research to develop strategies that can mitigate these consequences. / O transporte a?reo consolidou-se como um dos mercados de maior import?ncia econ?mica nas ?ltimas d?cadas. A necessidade de deslocamentos a pontos mais distantes e em maior frequ?ncia tem impulsionado a ind?stria aeron?utica de forma cont?nua e significativa. No entanto, sabemos que o transporte de seres humanos tamb?m acarreta o transporte de doen?as e v?rus n?o desej?veis. O presente estudo ? uma an?lise historiogr?fica da influ?ncia do transporte a?reo na dissemina??o de doen?as. Para isso, conduzimos uma revis?o hist?rica sobre a evolu??o de algumas das maiores epidemias j? vividas, concentrando um foco maior na gripe A H1N1 (2009) e de Zika (2015-2016). A partir desta an?lise, podemos constatar que o crescimento do transporte aeron?utico ? evidenciado atrav?s de aeronaves maiores, mais localidades sendo acessadas, maior tecnologia operacional, impactam em maior quantidade de pessoas voando e, consequentemente, maior facilidade de dissemina??o de doen?as. Apesar dos esfor?os por parte das autoridades sanit?rias e aeron?uticas e da utiliza??o de tecnologias pertinentes, acredita-se que h? a necessidade de mais estudos e pesquisas para o desenvolvimento de estrat?gias que possam mitigar tais consequ?ncias.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-04-28T13:18:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467667.pdf: 2755402 bytes, checksum: b34ea9d3e6e6bf37120f54b5d5d74ce4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-28T13:18:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467667.pdf: 2755402 bytes, checksum: b34ea9d3e6e6bf37120f54b5d5d74ce4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-20 / overcoming problems like airport closures, infrastructure issues and unplanned maintenance events. To face such problems, these companies maintain Operational Control Centers (OCCs) that oversee the execution of all planned flight operations and try to accommodate any encountered variability. These OCCs rely on the experience of its decision makers and high technology to evaluate complex scenarios and balance conflicting goals to get to fast and efficient solutions, while trying to preserve the system?s response capability. The objective of this study is to characterize the decision making inside an OCC, facing the challenges to balance conflicting goals in situations of airline disruption management. This research presents a single case study performed inside an airline e that operates around 900 flights per day in Brazil. A systemic mapping of the OCC was performed using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM), followed by interviews using the Critical Decision Method (CDM) and at last, an analysis of the effects of the balancing of conflicting goals in the systems response capability facing variability is shown.Points of resilience and organizational brittleness were found in the system. The characterization of the decision making has shown some of the most common problems in challenging scenarios and some of the most used strategies used to overcome them, along with combinations of decisions that influence the systems response capability. The utilization of the FRAM, associated with CDM in the study of decision making showed promise for use in future research in other airlines or even other industries, revealing important implications for training and procedure development. / Um dos mais importantes desafios organizacionais de empresas a?reas ? manter a continuidade de suas opera??es, contornando problemas como fechamento de aeroportos, quest?es de infraestrutura e eventos de manuten??o n?o programados. Para lidar com estes problemas estas empresas utilizam Centros de Controle de Opera??es (CCOs), que acompanham a execu??o do planejamento de suas programa??es de voo e tentam acomodar a variabilidade encontrada. Estes CCOs utilizam alta tecnologia associada ? experi?ncia de seus decisores para avaliar cen?rios complexos e equacionar metas conflitantes para chegar a solu??es r?pidas e eficientes, enquanto buscam preservar a capacidade de resposta do sistema. O objetivo deste trabalho ? caracterizar a tomada de decis?o do CCO frente aos desafios de equilibrar metas conflitantes em situa??es de gerenciamento de interrup??o de voos. Esta pesquisa apresenta um estudo de caso ?nico de uma empresa de transporte a?reo regular que opera em torno de 900 voos di?rios em todo Brasil. Um mapeamento sist?mico do CCO foi realizado utilizando o M?todo de An?lise de Resson?ncia Funcional (FRAM), seguido de entrevistas epis?dicas utilizando o Cr?tical Decision Method (CDM) e por fim, uma an?lise dos efeitos de equil?brio de metas conflitantes na capacidade de resposta do sistema frente ? variabilidade ? apresentada.Foram descobertos pontos de resili?ncia e fragilidade organizacional no sistema, a caracteriza??o da decis?o revelou os problemas mais comuns em cen?rios desafiadores de interrup??es de voos e as estrat?gias mais utilizadas para contorn?los, assim como combina??es de decis?es que influenciam a capacidade de resposta do sistema. A proposta de utiliza??o do FRAM associado ao CDM para o estudo da decis?o em CCOs se mostrou promissora para utiliza??o em pesquisas futuras em outras empresas a?reas ou mesmo em outras ind?strias, revelando implica??es importantes para treinamentos e desenvolvimento de procedimentos.

The research described in this thesis examines indigenous language usage in a digital library environment that has been accessed via the Internet. By examining discretionary use of the Māori Niupepa and Hawaiian Nūpepa digital libraries this research investigates how indigenous languages were used in these electronic environments in 2005. The results provide encouragement and optimism to people who are striving to retain, revitalise and develop the use of indigenous languages in information technologies. The Transaction Log Analysis (TLA) methods used in this research serve as an example of how web logs can be used to provide significant information about language usage in a bilingual online information system. Combining the TLA with user feedback has provided insights into how and why clients use indigenous languages in their information retrieval activities. These insights in turn, show good practice that is relevant not only to those working with indigenous languages, indigenous peoples or multilingual environments, but to all information technology designers who strive for universal usability. This thesis begins by describing the importance of using indigenous languages in electronic environments and suggests that digital libraries can provide an environment to support and encourage the use of such languages. TLA is explained in the context of this study and is then used to analyse aspects of te reo Māori usage in the Niupepa digital library environment in 2005. TLA also indicates that te reo Māori was used by international clients and this usage differed to te reo Māori usage by national (Aotearoa) clients. Findings further reveal that the default language setting of the Niupepa digital library had a considerable impact on te reo Māori usage. When the default language was set to te reo Māori not only were there more requests in te reo Māori but there was also a higher usage of te reo Māori in the information retrieval activities. TLA of the Hawaiian Nūpepa digital library indicated that the Hawaiian language was also used in a digital library. These results confirm that indigenous languages were used in digital library environments. Feedback from clients suggests reasons why indigenous languages were used in this environment. These reasons include the indigenous language content of the digital library, the indigenous language default language setting of the digital library and a stated desire by the clients to use the indigenous language. The key findings raise some interface design issues and support the claim that digital libraries can provide an environment to support the use of indigenous languages.

A multidisciplinary approach that involves language universals, linguistic discourse analysis and computer information technology are combined to support the descriptive nature of this research dissertation. Utilising comparative methods to determine rudimentary language structures which reflect both the scientific and historic parameters that are embedded in all languages. From a hypothesis to the proof of concept, a multitude of computer applications have been used to test these language models, templates and frameworks. To encapsulate this entire approach, it is best described as "designing then building the theoretical, experimental, and practical projects that form the structural network of the Maori language system". The focus on methods for integrating the language is to investigate shared characteristics between Maori and New Zealand English. This has provided a complete methodology for a bilingual based system. A system with text and speech for language generation and classification. This approach has looked at existing computational linguistic and information processing techniques for the analysis of each language�s phenomena; where data from basic units to higher-order linguistic knowledge has been analysed in terms of their characteristics for similar and/or dissimilar features. The notion that some language units can have similar acoustic sounds, structures or even meanings in other languages is plausible. How these are identified was the key concept to building an integrated language system. This research has permitted further examination into developing a new series of phonological and lexical self organising maps of Maori. Using phoneme and word maps spatially organised around lower to higher order concepts such as �sounds like�. To facilitate the high demands placed on very large data stores, the further development of the speech database management system containing phonological, phonetic, lexical, semantic, and other language frameworks was also developed. This database has helped to examine how effectively Maori has been fully integrated into an existing English framework. The bilingual system will allow full interaction with a computer-based speech architecture. This will contribute to the existing knowledge being constructed by the many different disciplines associated with languages; naturally or artificially derived. Evolving connectionist systems are new tools that are trained in an unsupervised manner to be both adaptable and flexible. This hybrid approach is an improvement on past methods in the development of more effective and efficient ways for solving applied problems for speech data analysis, classification, rule extraction, information retrieval and knowledge acquisition. A preliminary study will apply bilingual data to an �evolving clustering method� algorithm that returns a structure containing acoustic clusters plotted using visualisation techniques. In the true practical sense, the complete bilingual system has had a bi-directional approach. Both languages have undergone similar data analysis, language modelling, data access, text and speech processing, and human-computer network interface interaction.

在刑事審判程序中，法院常因釐清事實的能力有限，以致對被告的被訴事實無法完全明確證明，若依傳統見解(in dubio pro reo､the Pre-sumption of Innocence)為保護人權，往往須為被告無罪之判決。然而當案情雖無法完全釐清，但法院卻可以確定被告在兩種可能犯罪事實「版本」中，若不是犯了這個罪，就是犯了另一個，總之沒有無辜的可能性存在，此時，若分別就二以上的事實可能性檢討，則被告行為合致於此罪構成要件將因事實尚存有構成他罪的可能性而落空；反之，在檢討他罪時，同樣因為仍存有構成此罪的嫌疑而不能完全證明，分別適用傳統見解的結果，只會使一個明知其行為抵觸現行有效處罰法規的被告，獲得無罪判決的寬典。此種結論，是否仍屬法治國原則下，罪刑法定構成要件明確性要求所要保護的目的。為了在法律安定性與個案正義間尋求一個平衡點，德國早在十九世紀末即有「選擇認定」原則的提出，認為在訴訟程序中，若法院極盡一切事實上以及程序上所允許的證明方式，仍無法將案情事實完全釐清，只知道被告所為的事實經過，僅存有兩個「非此即彼」的可能性，而分別可能合致兩個刑罰構成要件，若構成其中一個，即排斥另一個，但總是構成一個，絕對沒有無辜的可能。此時，若該列入考慮的二以上犯罪構成要件彼此間具有一定的關連（通說認為是「法倫理或心理上可比較性」）時，法院可以基於多選擇的事實基礎，而以較輕的罪刑與被告以有罪判決。例如，某被告因持有他人被竊的贓物而被捕，法院在極盡調查､審理之能事後，只知道該名被告若非犯了竊盜行為，就是明知為贓物而故買之，總是犯了一個。依德國聯邦最高法院的見解，由於竊盜罪（德國刑法第二四二條）及贓物罪（德國刑法第二五九條）間具有相同的道德非難，故可允許基於「竊盜罪或贓物罪」的多選擇事實基礎下，為被告有罪之判決。

A multidisciplinary approach that involves language universals, linguistic discourse analysis and computer information technology are combined to support the descriptive nature of this research dissertation. Utilising comparative methods to determine rudimentary language structures which reflect both the scientific and historic parameters that are embedded in all languages. From a hypothesis to the proof of concept, a multitude of computer applications have been used to test these language models, templates and frameworks. To encapsulate this entire approach, it is best described as "designing then building the theoretical, experimental, and practical projects that form the structural network of the Maori language system". The focus on methods for integrating the language is to investigate shared characteristics between Maori and New Zealand English. This has provided a complete methodology for a bilingual based system. A system with text and speech for language generation and classification. This approach has looked at existing computational linguistic and information processing techniques for the analysis of each language�s phenomena; where data from basic units to higher-order linguistic knowledge has been analysed in terms of their characteristics for similar and/or dissimilar features. The notion that some language units can have similar acoustic sounds, structures or even meanings in other languages is plausible. How these are identified was the key concept to building an integrated language system. This research has permitted further examination into developing a new series of phonological and lexical self organising maps of Maori. Using phoneme and word maps spatially organised around lower to higher order concepts such as �sounds like�. To facilitate the high demands placed on very large data stores, the further development of the speech database management system containing phonological, phonetic, lexical, semantic, and other language frameworks was also developed. This database has helped to examine how effectively Maori has been fully integrated into an existing English framework. The bilingual system will allow full interaction with a computer-based speech architecture. This will contribute to the existing knowledge being constructed by the many different disciplines associated with languages; naturally or artificially derived. Evolving connectionist systems are new tools that are trained in an unsupervised manner to be both adaptable and flexible. This hybrid approach is an improvement on past methods in the development of more effective and efficient ways for solving applied problems for speech data analysis, classification, rule extraction, information retrieval and knowledge acquisition. A preliminary study will apply bilingual data to an �evolving clustering method� algorithm that returns a structure containing acoustic clusters plotted using visualisation techniques. In the true practical sense, the complete bilingual system has had a bi-directional approach. Both languages have undergone similar data analysis, language modelling, data access, text and speech processing, and human-computer network interface interaction.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Waikato, 2007. / Title from PDF cover (viewed April 1, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-153)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Victoria University of Wellington, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Victoria University of Wellington, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.