Des études récentes menées chez l’homme et la souris ont suggéré que la diversité du répertoire TCR pourrait jouer un rôle dans la protection contre des pathogènes à haut pouvoir mutagène. Afin d’étudier le répertoire des lymphocytes T CD4, nous avons utilisé un modèle de souris TCRβ transgéniques exprimant une chaine β spécifique du peptide env122-141 dans le contexte du MHCII. Suite à l’immunisation des souris TCRβ transgéniques avec des cellules dendritiques pulsées avec le peptide env, une rapide prolifération et une restriction du répertoire des lymphocytes T Vα2 CD4 spécifiques est observée. L’analyse de la diversité du répertoire de ces cellules par séquençage à haut débit, a montré l’émergence d’un répertoire plus divers dans des souris déplétées en lymphocytes T régulateurs. Ces résultats suggèrent qu’en plus du rôle des Tregs dans le contrôle de la magnitude de la réponse immunitaire, ces cellules pourraient également contrôler la diversité du répertoire des lymphocytes T suite à une stimulation antigénique. / Recent studies conducted in mice and humans have suggested a role for the TCR repertoire diversity in immune protection against pathogens displaying high antigenic variability. To study the CD4 T cell repertoire, we used a mouse model in which T cells transgenically express the TCRβ chain of a TCR specific to a MHCII-restricted peptide, env122-141. Upon immunization with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells, antigen-specific Vα2+ CD4+ T cells rapidly expand and display a restricted TCRα repertoire. In particular, analysis of receptor diversity by high-throughput TCR sequencing in immunized mice suggests the emergence of a broader CDR3 Vα2 repertoire in Treg-depleted mice. These results suggest that Tregs may play a role in the restriction of the CD4 T cell repertoire during an immune response, raising therefore the possibility that in addition to controlling the magnitude of an immune response, regulatory cells may also control the diversity of TCRs in response to antigen stimulation. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Zusammenfassung einer Dissertation zu litauischen Kirchenchören im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert

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Modern flute pedagogy tends to focus on repertoire which utilizes or builds upon tonal and Romantic stylistic conventions, largely ignoring works that disregard or reject these conventions until later in student's education. This lack of stylistic diversity in commonly studied works from the first half of the twentieth century can be problematic when students are approaching avant-garde or modernist repertoire for the first time, as they are unfamiliar with the style and technical needs of the pieces. This dissertation provides a style guide and progressive curriculum for the avant-garde repertoire of the early- and mid-twentieth century to help students bridge the gap from commonly-studied early-twentieth century repertoire to Post-War Modernist works. The curriculum and style guide are accompanied by an overview of avant-garde musical styles prominent in Europe and American between the 1890s and 1970s, a discussion of the pedagogical challenges of avant-garde repertoire, and two performance guides for avant-garde pieces included in the curriculum, Diaphonic Suite No. 1 by Ruth Crawford and Variations for Solo Flute by Ursula Mamlok.

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In "Characteristics of key signatures" Katariina Holma describes and reflects upon her experiences of  transposing her operatic singing repertoire. Do the character and colour of the sung music change when we transpose it? According to Holma's experience, it is the storyteller in particular, the role character in an opera aria, who is most affected by transposition. Holma learned during her experiment that there are several positive qualities to be gained from transposition that not only help a singer learn more about their repertoire  but also assist them in exposing stumbling blocks to their singing technique.

The urge for a more equal society is growing, but the conservative movement poses a threat to the concept of gender equality and feminism. In recent years the interest for conservative feminism has grown which hinder the development towards a gender equal society as it contains anti-feminist traits. Kristdemokraterna, a political party in Sweden, can be seen as a case for a conservative wave in Swedish politics as they drive a conservative gender equality. However, it is currently unknown how the policy relates to already established equality work in Sweden as well as internationally. This study aims to analyze how problem constructions of gender equality are created within the political conservative sphere where Kristdemokraterna operates. The purpose is to investigate whether, and to what extent, the problematizations of Kristdemokraterna interact with and affect the society's system in terms of power and dominance and to obtain this interpretation repertoire and WPR approach are utilized as methods. The study resulted in the understanding that gender equality is problematized as a question of choice, immigration, and motherhood. The problematization differentiates groups and have unequal expectations of these. This in turn results in politics that can be perceived as passive. The concept of gender equality undergoes a process of bending and shrinking due to the problematization. Ultimately, the study states that Kristdemokraternas gender equality policy seems to become a middle-class privilege for ethnic Swedes.