Diploma thesis describes the possibilities of sustainable tourism in the area Děčín. The basis for processing were the secondary information sources and the primary information sources obtained with the help of qualitative methods of gathering, questionnaire research. The goal is to appreciate the primary and the secondary potential of tourism development in the area Děčín and in terms of analysis propound the possibilities of sustainable tourism and delimitate preferences and equipments.

Orientador: Jocimar Daolio / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T21:40:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 RodriguesJunior_JoseCarlos_D.pdf: 3608515 bytes, checksum: 91f17d249f39cb2b9be163736976acfc (MD5) RodriguesJunior_JoseCarlos_D_ANEXO.zip: 5560414 bytes, checksum: 6ce8a1957fea18c55d12ba8c277db779 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O objetivo da pesquisa foi traçar a trajetória biográfica percorrida por seis professores de Educação Física ao longo da vida para compreender os processos de formação docente e o itinerário de constituição de seus respectivos saberes. Para isso, a pesquisa buscou alcançar os elementos biográficos que tornaram os sujeitos professores e, em seguida, reconstruir o fluxo de constituição dos saberes. A primeira fase da pesquisa, desenvolvida a partir de um conjunto de entrevistas, deu-se com a solicitação de lembranças acerca de diferentes etapas da vida (Educação Familiar, Educação Básica, Formação Acadêmica e Experiências Profissionais). Na segunda fase os professores foram convidados a realizar análise compreensivo-reflexiva (reflexão autobiográfica) do material relatado, que objetivou a análise sobre a existência ou não de aspectos do que foi relatado que ainda influenciasse ou que já tivesse influenciado na formação e atuação profissional. Participou deste estudo um professor com três anos de docência; outro com quatro anos; outro com dezesseis anos; outro professor com vinte e um anos e dois professores com trinta anos de profissão. Os professores, ao longo do exercício de reflexão autobiográfica, apontaram a prática profissional como principal etapa biográfica responsável pela aprendizagem da docência. Contudo, o desenvolvimento da reflexão autobiográfica possibilitou a transformação da compreensão inicial de que a prática pedagógica seria aprendida com o decorrer da carreira, e que o processo de constituição docente e de construção dos saberes necessários à prática educativa teve início antes do ingresso no curso de graduação, ao longo da Educação Familiar e Educação Básica, principalmente nas aulas de Educação Física dos Ensinos Fundamental e Médio, que contou com o esporte como conteúdo hegemônico. Ficou demonstrado que a carreira profissional é um processo formativo que proporcionou importantes transformações nas compreensões dos professores, possibilitando, principalmente aos professores com maior tempo de carreira, transformações em seus saberes docentes. Contudo foi possível acessar que etapas anteriores de vida, e a própria formação profissional desencadeada na graduação, também ofereceram elementos de referências à prática pedagógica dos professores. Para os professores com menor tempo de carreira, a graduação demonstrou ter sido um período de formação que ofereceu modelos de referências que proporcionaram rupturas com modelos construídos ao longo da Educação Básica. Em relação aos professores com maior tempo de carreira, a prática pedagógica, principalmente depois de acumulados aproximadamente dez anos de atuação profissional gerou transformações significativas nos saberes sobre conteúdos, objetivos, metodologias de ensino e avaliação constituídos nos períodos da Educação Básica e reproduzidos no Ensino Superior. Diversos elementos biográficos desde a Educação Familiar, passando pelas experiências com diferentes manifestações corporais da Cultura de Movimento dentro e fora da escola, o processo educativo formal escolar e a graduação foram evidenciados e reconhecidos pelos professores como influenciadores de aprendizagens que intencionalmente ou ocasionalmente viriam à baila durante as ações didático-pedagógicas. O caminho metodológico adotado na pesquisa proporcionou aos professores a compreensão da complexidade do processo de transformação do sujeito em docente de Educação Física e a dinâmica de constituição e ressignificação dos saberes ao longo de toda a trajetória de vida / Abstract: Outlining the bibliographical trajectories and life paths of six Physical Education professors throughout their career and life was the main objective of our research in order to understand the processes of teacher education and the route of setting up their knowledge. In order to do this, the research sought to achieve the bibliographic elements which make the subject teachers and then reconstruct the flow of acquisition of knowledge. The first phase of research, which was developed from an individual set of interviews with each one of our participants, occurred as memories related to different stages of life (Family Education, Elementary through High School Education, Academic Background and Professional Experiences). On the second stage, the same educators were suggested to perform reflexive and understandable analysis (autobiographical reflection) of the data collected on their life account, which had the objective to determine the analysis of whether the existence of aspects in the account were still, or had been, in any other moment, a driving force of influence up to date in their studies background and their professional practices. The participants were: a three year old, a four year, a sixteen year, a twenty year and two thirty year old experienced career professors (6 - total). Throughout the self-biographical exercise, the professors pointed out professional everyday practice as the main biographical stage responsible for the acquisition and mastering of their professional qualifications. However, as the autobiographical reflection process was being carried out, transformation of the initial understanding, that educational practice alone would be learned along the career and as it matured, changed, and that the teaching constitution process of knowledge needed for educational practice had begun before undergraduate school enrollment. Family Education and Basic School played a big part, especially PE (Physical Education) classes in both Elementary School and High School, which included sports as a homogeneous content. It was demonstrated that professional career is a formative process which provided important transformation in our educators' understanding, enabling, especially to those of a longer career, transformation in their academic and teaching knowledge. Nevertheless, it was possible to assess that previous stages of life, and vocational training triggered at undergraduate level, also offered referential elements to educator's teaching practice. For those in the study with shorter careers, undergraduate studies was understood as a formational period which offered referential models and provided a long term Elementary and High School Educational model rupture. When focusing on our more experienced professors, Educational practice and Teaching abilities, especially after ten years in the professional field, produced significant transformation in knowledge related to content, objectives, teaching approach and evaluation acquired in Basic Education and moreover reproduced in Higher Education level. A number of diverse biographical elements, ranging from Family Education, moving on to a variety of experiences on different corporal manifestations related to Movement Culture in both school and out of school environment, formal educational process and academic undergraduate studies were observed and detected by our teachers as influential factors in learning experience which intentionally or occasionally would come to play during educational-didactical action. The methodology adopted in the survey provided the teachers the understanding of the complexity of the transformation process of the subject into a Physical Education teacher and the dynamic creation and resignification of the knowledge throughout the whole life course / Doutorado / Educação Fisica e Sociedade / Doutor em Educação Física

The thesis aims to present a case for a rethinking of the paradigmatic frames underpinning food marketing control policy and research. In support of its contention, it reports on the methodological strategies, evidence outcomes and knowledge translation contributions of a series of research projects. The projects were commissioned by national and international policy makers during the period 2009-2015 in support of responsible food marketing policy development. They were conceptualised, developed and interpreted through participatory and iterative research planning processes. The research drew on theories and constructs from multiple disciplines. Public health, marketing and policy science contributed most, but information economics and management theories also informed research design and analysis and interpretation of findings. Its key generalizable findings can be summarised as follows: • The identification of a fragmented but convergent pool of evidence indicating contemporary food and beverage marketing is an interactive, dynamic phenomenon. • The identification of a fragmented but convergent pool of evidence demonstrating it significantly impacts sociocultural determinants of food behaviours. • The generation of evidence demonstrating a gap between the strategic aims of responsible marketing policy regimes and the inherent capacity of implemented interventions to constrain marketing’s food environment impacts. • The generation of evidence demonstrating that critical re-appraisal of food marketing policy research assumptions and preconceptions is a strategy supportive of policy innovation. • The generation of evidence that research intended to support real world multi-stakeholder policy development processes requires additional skills to those established and recognised as central to high quality research. These include the ability to engage with dynamic and politicised policy processes and their public communications challenges. • The generation of evidence that can inform future independent benchmark standard for responsible marketing development initiatives. • The generation of evidence that can inform future research on designing and developing policy that is ‘future proof’ and targets marketing’s sociocultural food environment impacts. Its most significant knowledge translation contributions have been: • Support for the WHO Set of Recommendations on the Marketing of Foods and Non-alcoholic Beverages to Children (subsequently endorsed at the 2010 World Health Assembly and the 2011 United Nations General Assembly). • Participatory research contributions to the Scottish Government’s responsible marketing standard development initiative (PAS2500). • Supporting the planning and development of the Scottish Government’s Supporting Healthy Choices Policy initiative. • Knowledge exchange with policy makers and stakeholders engaged in a scoping and prioritisation initiative commissioned by the United Kingdom’s Department of Health (An analysis of the regulatory and voluntary landscape concerning the marketing and promotion of food and drink to children). • Supporting responsible marketing policy agendas targeted to the engagement of a broad mix of stakeholders in innovative policy development processes. • Supporting policy makers’ efforts to increase popular support for stronger, more effective responsible marketing policy controls. The thesis therefore aims to present evidence that the programme of research presented here has made useful and original contributions to evidence and knowledge on contemporary food marketing and its impacts on food behaviours and the food environment. It aims to build on this by demonstrating how this evidence informed and supported policy development. Through this the thesis aims to support its case that a rethinking of food marketing policy research assumptions and conceptions can expand and enrich the evidence base as well as real world policy innovation.

Early diagnosis is a promising strategy to reduce premature mortalities and for optimal use of resources. But the absence of mathematical models specific to the data settings in LMIC’s impedes the construction of economic analysis necessary for decision-makers in the development of cancer control programs. This thesis presents a new methodology for parameterizing the natural history model of breast cancer based on data availabilities in low and middle income countries, and formulation of a control optimization problem to find the optimal screening schedule for mammography screening, solved using dynamic programming. As harms and benefits are known to increase with the increase in the number of lifetime screens, the trade-off was modeled by formulating the immediate reward as a function of false positives and life-years saved. The method presented in thesis will provide optimal screening schedules for multiple scenarios of Willingness to Pay (numeric value assigned for each life-year lived), including the resulting total number of lifetime screens per person, which can help decision-makers evaluate current resource availabilities or plan future resource needs for implementation.

DAdmin / Department of Public and Development Administration / The focus of this study is on skills development at the management level of local government. Quality service delivery can only be attained when there are properly trained and skilled officials. Officials who have relevant knowledge and skills on what they are employed to do, are treasurable assets to their employers. The South African public and Vhembe District Municipality`s residence in particular expect the delivery of services that are of acceptable standard. It is therefore, imperative to have properly trained workers at this sphere of government. The study therefore, investigates whether middle and senior level officials (managers) are properly skilled to be able to provide required services to communities. The study uses a mixed research method, i.e. both the qualitative and quantitative research methods. Senior level managers were taken through an interview process to try and gather data that will help to determine any challenge and even where the Municipality is managing well in providing services by virtue of it having qualified competent personnel. This process will help to identify gaps if any and thereafter suggest ways to close/overcome them. This will be done by asking these officials open-ended questions wherein they could give the researcher more information on the topic. Middle level managers were requested to complete a questionnaire with close-ended questions. This helps in bringing statistical data that focuses on relevant issues about the topic. The main findings of the study are therefore the following: ➢ Senior officials possess some skills, especially with regards to leadership although specific areas of functioning were not indicated. Besides this, a number of problem areas were highlighted ranging from planning; organising; v communication; interpersonal relations; financial management; strategic management; and labour relations. This could be instigated by the fact that available skills are misdirected through the misplacement of officials with regards to the actual skills they have and positions they are placed on. ➢ Although not everyone is the Municipality is consulted on an individual basis when the analysis of training needs is undertaken and when designing training programmes, a reasonable number of officials are however involved. In doing this, the Municipality partners with SALGA and the LGSETA. All officials are thereafter given an opportunity to attend trainings as per the identified skills gaps, however, a number of officials, especially elderly people are reluctant to attend such trainings because they know they are close to retirement and to them is like being punished as they won`t be using such skills for long. ➢ Poor skills impact negatively on the Municipality`s efforts to provide acceptable services as it hampers the delivery of quality goods and services. This is further exacerbated by the exodus of officials with scarce skills who are difficult to retain due to their demand by institutions. The deployment of cadres without the requisite skills for the jobs, costs the Municipality dearly as they fail to execute what they are employed for due to lack of knowledge. Furthermore, the approach of outsourcing the provision of goods and services does not always benefit the Municipality and communities as private companies try to minimise costs in order to attain profit and in that process, end up providing poor quality goods and services. ➢ Accountability is well maintained at the lower level positions in the Municipality as work is regularly monitored by supervisors, however, the challenge is with senior level officials who should account for the institution holistically. This is necessitated by the fact that senior level positions are mostly occupied by deployed cadres which makes it difficult to pin point accountability because such people turn to get directives from deployers and they also report to them, to the demise of the internal system. vi The following recommendations are therefore made based on the findings of the study: ➢ As the Municipality conducts a training needs analysis every-time before designing training programmes for officials, in ascertaining the real skills gaps, the Municipality should continue to conduct such skills audit exercises that will also lead to proper placement of officials in positions they qualify for and after determining genuine skills gaps institute relevant and effective intervention strategies and mechanisms that could help improve officials` knowledge and skills. ➢ Attending training by officials should be mandatory when a skills gap has been identified and in applying this, appointment letters and performance contract agreements for those already in the employment of the Municipality should have a clause about mandatory training, where and when deemed necessary. ➢ The Municipality should consider sending officials to reputable service providers on issues that are problematic to officials, for example, planning; communication; financial management; strategic management; and labour relations and this should be done twice a year. ➢ In line with the proposed skills training model on figure 2.4, the Municipality should expect trainees to be assessed after a training to determine their level of competence and good performance be rewarded. ➢ The merit principle be followed, in appointing and promoting employees even with deployed cadres, to avoid placing people on positions they do not qualify for. ➢ The EPWP that is run by the Municipality in partnership with the Department of Public Works be extended to train professionals and people who deserve be put on beneficial programmes that will give them skills that are required to develop the Municipality instead of confining them to the task of de-bushing grass and trees along roads. vii ➢ Managers continue to give their subordinates a chance to act on their behalf during their absence from work to help in equipping juniors to be ready for more challenging responsibilities in future. ➢ The Municipality should appoint credible service providers when outsourcing services. ➢ The Municipality should make sure that the procurement section functions properly. ➢ Retention of officials with scarce skills be a priority. ➢ The Municipality should always implement audit recommendations to improve its governance. ➢ The Municipality should warn officials, especially politicians (councilors), not to promise communities goods and services that might be difficult to honour and be realistic based on affordability. ➢ The Municipality should establish reliable control and monitoring measures and systems in place in order to enforce accountability. ➢ Officials to sign a code of conduct expecting them to be loyal to the Municipality and not to outside people. ➢ The Municipality should develop a proper performance management system with clear key performance areas to make officials committed to their work. ➢ / NRF

This study discuss two phenomenones. The first phenomenon is photosynthesis; this process played a key role in the emergence of life and is necessary to maintain a various life on our Earth. Photosynthesis enables plants to use a bottomless supply of solar energy to produce organic substance and release oxygen. The second phenomenon is critical thinking; the ability to sort and evaluate new information and form "your" own opinion indispensable ability for modern human. In a theoretical part of the study is dealt with term critical thinking, teaching methods of critical thinking and photosynthesis of biological and didactic point of view. In a practical part of the study is dealt with compilation and verification materials for thematic unit of photosynthesis, which would lead to the development of critical thinking of high school pupils (students). Furthermore in the practical part is a questionnaire survey, which is evaluated existing using of methods of critical thinking at biology teachers at high schools and is analyzed their teaching methods to the topic of photosynthesis. In the study is dealt with processing the topic of photosynthesis in selected high school textbooks.

No description available.

Förskolans uppdrag formas och förändras av samhället och det är upp till verksamma förskollärare att hålla sig uppdaterade och agera utifrån rådande styrdokument och uppdrag. Studien syfte är att lyfta hur förskollärare och förskollärarstudenters identifierar och relaterar sig själva till forskning i egen praktik, framför allt syftat till systematiskt kvalitetsarbete. Studien är gjord med digitala enkäter för att få en vid geografisk spridning och resulterade i 38 svar. Det framkommer att det finns ett glapp mellan kunskap och användande av kunskapen. Där utbildning och praktik inte når hela vägen fram till de intentioner som finns i styrdokumenten. Vetenskaplig grund och vikten av aktuell forskning ges mer plats i relationerna till vetenskap än det faktiska användandet av vetenskapliga strategier och även om dessa används så relaterar inte praktiken varför eller i vilket syfte. / The preschool's mission is shaped and changed by society, and it is up to preschool teachers to stay up to date and act on the basis of prevailing governing documents and missions. The purpose of the study is to highlight how preschool teachers and preschool teacher students identify and relate themselves to research in their own practice, above all aimed at systematic quality work. The study was done with digital surveys to get a wide geographical spread and resulted in 38 responses. It appears that there is a gap between knowledge and the use of knowledge. Where education and practice do not reach all the way to the intentions contained in the governing documents. Scientific basis and the importance of current research are given more space in the relations to science than the actual use of scientific strategies and even if these are used, practice does not relate why or for what purpose.

A large and growing body of research exists on how the design of the environment can positively or negatively affect people’s health and well-being, as well as influence their behavior. Researchers in this field, known as “environmental design research,” have long acknowledged the challenge of translating their findings into formats that are accepted and used by practitioners. This study explores how environmental design research on urban open space and the practice-oriented translations of it are used by landscape architects who have been recognized in the profession for their designs of parks, plazas, and streets in urban areas. Through interviews with practitioners, an understanding emerges of the impact of environmental design research on contemporary practice, leading to recommendations that could enhance it in the future. Key findings of the study indicate that translations of the research, specifically in the form of design guidelines, while intended to inform practice, are not widely used by designers. Rather, to understand how design impacts human behavior, practitioners rely primarily on what they refer to as intuition, largely informed by their own direct observations of people in public space. The quality of their personal observations, therefore, is critical to their depth of understanding of human behavior and the environment. The study concludes with recommendations that could improve the skills of design students and practitioners to conduct, interpret, and apply their own direct observations in their designs, using methods and findings from the field of environmental design research to inform and enrich this process.

Data quality has become an area of increasing concern in marketing research. Methods of collecting data, types of data analyzed, and data analytics techniques have changed substantially in recent years. It is important, therefore, to examine the current state of marketing research, and particularly self-administered questionnaires. This paper provides researchers important advice and rules of thumb for crafting high quality research in light of the contemporary changes occuring in modern marketing data collection practices. This is accomplished by a proposed six-step research design process that ensures data quality, and ultimately research integrity, are established and maintained throughout the research process—from the earliest conceptualization and design phases, through data collection, and ultimately the reporting of results. This paper provides a framework, which if followed, will result in reduced headaches for researchers and more robust results for decision makers.