Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-05-03T13:45:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Kassia Francielly Soares de Oliveira Martins.pdf: 958685 bytes, checksum: 60adb1481bf27e06f4cbd2789e7a42a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T13:45:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kassia Francielly Soares de Oliveira Martins.pdf: 958685 bytes, checksum: 60adb1481bf27e06f4cbd2789e7a42a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-15 / As a consequence of the population growth, was obtained the increase the percentage of Urban Solid Waste (USW) generated in the country; in 2008 about 409,530 tons of USW were generated and in 2015, were 495,528 tons approximately. In the state of Goiás and in Goiânia, the same trend followed. In Goiânia, much of the USW is disposed in the Landfill of Goiânia, among these residues are the batteries; instituted in the National Solid Waste Policy (Law n°12.305 of 2010), which imposes the implementation of the reverse logistics system. Having as a starting point the inappropriate disposal of batteries in the USW of the municipality of Goiânia, this work has as general objective to evaluate the toxic potential of metals from batteries in the Landfill of Goiânia and to diagnose the way of disposal of this residue. Thereby, it was approached in this study the results obtained using the parameters cadmium, lead and mercury - established by the pertinent legislation and resolutions - based on the analyzes of the slurry of the Landfill of Goiânia and the ETE e uent Dr. Hélio Seixo de Brito, in addition to the estimated amount of batteries recycled in Brazil and in Goiás. Finally, there is a demonstration of applied researches in several regions of the country presenting the form of disposal of the batteries in the respective localities. The results evidence a future problem, since, batteries decompose from 100 years to 35 years, the area of the Landfill of Goiânia is used at the disposal of USW. Therefore, these residues are in the process of decomposition and the tenor of these parameters tend to increase. As this question is the e ect of a cause, environmentally inappropriate disposal, evidenced in the recycling estimates of batteries, between 2012 and 2016, in Brazil and the state of Goiás, being 55.45% and 0.65% respectively. All this scope highlights the importance of extending the environmental education programs to solve the problem of disposal of batteries. / Em consequência ao crescimento populacional obteve-se a elevação no percentual de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) gerados no país; em 2008 gerou-se cerca de 409.530 toneladas de RSU e em 2015, 495.528 toneladas aproximadamente. No estado de Goiás e em Goiânia, seguiu-se a mesma tendência. Em Goiânia, grande parte do RSU é disposto no Aterro Sanitário de Goiânia, dentre estes resíduos estão as pilhas e baterias; instituídas na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (Lei n°12.305 de 2010) que impõe a implantação do sistema de logística reversa. Tendo como ponto de partida o descarte inadequado de pilhas e baterias no RSU do município de Goiânia, este trabalho tem como objetivo geral, avaliar o potencial tóxico dos metais provenientes de pilhas e baterias descartadas no Aterro Sanitário de Goiânia e diagnosticar a forma de descarte destes resíduos. Com isso, abordou-se nesta pesquisa os resultados obtidos através dos parâmetros cádmio, chumbo e mercúrio — estabelecidos pela legislação e resoluções pertinentes — em função das análises do chorume do Aterro Sanitário de Goiânia e do efluente da ETE Dr. Hélio Seixo de Brito, além da estimativa da quantidade de pilhas e baterias recicladas no Brasil e em Goiás. Por fim, tem-se um demonstrativo de pesquisas aplicadas em diversas regiões do país apresentando a forma de descarte das pilhas e baterias nas respectivas localidades. Os resultados evidenciam a problemática futura, porquanto, pilhas e baterias decompõe-se a partir de 100 anos e a 35 anos a área do Aterro Sanitário de Goiânia é utilizada à disposição de RSU. Portanto, estes resíduos estão em processo de decomposição e os teores destes parâmetros tendem a se elevarem. Sendo essa questão o efeito de uma causa, descarte ambientalmente inadequado, evidenciada nas estimativas de reciclagem de pilhas e baterias, no período de 2012 a 2016, no Brasil e no estado de Goiás, sendo, 55,45% e 0,65%, respectivamente. Todo este escopo aponta a importância de se ampliar os programas de educação ambiental para solucionar a problemática do descarte de pilhas e baterias.

Syfte – Syftet är att identifiera förbättringsåtgärder i en returhanteringsprocess för produkter med kort livscykel. För att kunna bidra med förbättringsåtgärder till fallföretaget har tre frågeställningar formulerats för att uppnå detta: 1. Hur ser returhanteringsprocessen ut för produkter med kort livscykel? 2. Vilka utmaningar finns det i returhantering? 3. Hur kan processen effektiviseras? Metod – I samtal med fallföretaget och under litteraturstudie identifierades ett problemområde vilket blev grunden för studiens syfte och frågeställningar. Utefter detta genomfördes en enfallsstudie som bestod av observationer och en intervju. Författarna strävade efter en djupgående kunskap av ämnet och därför ansågs enfallsstudie vara lämpligast för studien och dess syfte. För att skapa en grund för hur ett returflöde och utmaningar ser ut byggdes ett teoretiskt ramverk upp baserat på en genomförd litteraturstudie. Tillsammans med den insamlade data och teori analyserades möjliga förbättringsåtgärder. Resultat – Genom att integrera data och teori har möjliga förbättringar kunnat identifierats. En rekommendation är att införa nyckelfunktionen gatekeeping tidigt i returflödet, vilket bidrar till att returer sorteras för att skapa värdeskapande processer i returflöde i en större utsträckning. För att effektivisera ett returflöde kan det analytiska ramverket vara till hjälp för företag samt att betydelsen av att utgå ifrån ett standardflöde. Implikationer – Teorin nämner bristande kunskap inom returhanteringsprocessen, vilket bekräftades av den insamlade empiri där returflödet kan visa en utformning som inte är helt optimalt för produkter med kort livscykel. Det här mynnade ut i att författarna valde att sammanföra två returteorier samt med ett lean perspektiv för att belysa en ny synvinkel med förväntningar att uppnå ett mer optimerat returflöde. Med den nya synvinkeln finns det möjlighet att identifiera värdeskapande processer vilket dagens produktlivscykler kräver för att de idag tenderar att bli kortare. Begränsningar – Studien begränsar sig till en enfallsstudie, vilket medför att trovärdigheten och generaliserbarheten blir lägre. Dock ser författarna fördelar med detta för att de tagit fram ett nytt analytiskt ramverk som först får empiriskt stöd genom denna studie. Vidare krävs det forskning om det analytiska ramverket genererar förbättringar för företag. / Purpose – The purpose of this thesis is to identify improvements in a returns flow for products with a short life cycle. Three research questions has been formulated in order to enhance the return flow: 1. How is the returns flow process built for products with short life cycle? 2. What are the challenges in the returns flow? 3. How can the returns process be improved? Method – In conversation with the case company and during the writers literature study a problem area was discovered. This established a foundation for the purpose and research questions. The study was performed as a case study which included observations and an interview. A case study was considered as the most appropriate method for this study since the writers aimed to gather profound knowledge within the subject. A theoretical framework was built upon the literature study to help the writers create an understanding of the returns flow and its challenges. Findings – To be able to identify possible improvements the study integrated data and theory. Recommendations based on this study is to introduce the function of gatekeeping in a returns flow, which contributes to a create a greater value in the returns flow. The analytical framework can help companies to implement better structures for their returns flow and the writers can also recommend to follow one standard which enables a more efficient return flow. Implications – The theory argue that the knowledge is lacking on how to manage a return flow, this is confirmed with the gathered data where the return flow is not designed to create efficiency. To tackle this issue, the writers choose to intertwine two returns flow theories together with a lean perspective. With the integration of these theories, this new viewpoint had the expectation to achieve a more optimal returns flow. This would also give the possibility to find the value creating processes within the returns flow and help to extract as much as possible of the product life cycle. Limitations – The study is limited to a case study, this entails that the credibility and the generalization is low. This is a disadvantage, but this study can be seen as a starting point and therefore the case study is the most suitable. The theoretical framework that is presented in the study also needs practical verification to earn credibility.

<p>Assignment:</p><p>The mission of the assignment is to map the four return flows with respect to returning volume, weight, frequency, pick up- and delivery points. Today Volvo CE has a lack of information that concerns their own Reverse logistic processes. It is hard for Volvo CE to see where changes need to be done, due to limited reliable sources.</p><p>Purpose:</p><p>The purpose with the study is to make the return flows easier, less expansive and more manageable for both Volvo and their dealers. Further, environmental issues have to be considered in order to find improvements of the returning routines. The analysis is done to bring forth a proposal that will contribute to less unnecessary transports and that also will make it possible to reduce cost.</p><p>Result:</p><p>A couple of improvement areas have been discovered, some of them are radical while others are incremental. The one thing they have in common is to make sure that the return flows are being handled and seen as one common flow rather then separately treated. Among the improvements these are some recommendations to Volvo CE:</p><p>- Appoint special delivery point for warranty returns and make sure that the warranty routines are followed so that unnecessary transports can be reduced. - Store less cores for remanufacturing at the Core Hub. Cores that are not needed are not necessary to transport to the Core Hub. - Make better cost registrations and cost follow ups and evaluate customer satisfaction to be able to find improvement areas in the future.</p>

<p><strong>Purpose</strong> – The purpose of our thesis is to introduce a new approach to help small and medium third party logistics service providers (3PLs) to develop and improve their Reverse logistics.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Design/methodology/approach</strong> – A case study was adopted, and a qualitative questionnaire and face-to-face interview were used to collect the fundamental data. In addition, the multi-criteria decision-making tool-AHP and the Reverse Logistics audit model were used to analyze the case and to solve the problem of 3PLs in Reverse Logistics improvement.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Findings</strong> – Under the fierce competition and in today’s volatile market, the Reverse Logistics is considered as a new competitive advantage to many 3PLs. However, the effective solutions in instructing 3PLs how to develop and improve their Reverse Logistics competence are still very scarce. Based on these, a new approach will be presented in this thesis to help 3PLs to solve problem.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Limitations – </strong>There are two main limitations in our paper, which emerge in the two models we adopted. Regarding the Reverse Logistics audit model, we need more data of the case company to support our research. For the AHP method, the limitation is:  the fact that general assumptions were used to provide correlative data in computation, and complex computation was simplified in order to show calculative processes clearly.<strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Practical implications – </strong>FLB, the case company will be researched to verify the practical implication of our new approach. We believe through our approach, lots of small and medium size 3PLs will find it easier to get a holistic view of their RL competence, and know how to develop or improve it.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Originality/value</strong> – How to evaluate and assess the RL competence will be presented separately from inside view of 3PLs and outside view of their customers. AHP and self-made RL audit model will be used to achieve then respectively.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong> Reverse logistics, Analytic hierarchy process, Assessment tool, and 3PLs </p><p> </p><p><strong>Paper type</strong> Case study/ Research paper</p>

We report on an industrial project in which we developed an inventory model to provide decision support for the design and deployment of the field service support system for a remanufacturable product. The product was a dialysis unit for home use. Each unit that was installed in a home would eventually be removed due to failure, or the need for preventative maintenance, or the termination of the service. Upon removal, each unit was shipped to a central depot for re-manufacturing so that it could be returned to service. We develop a model to determine the inventory requirements at each regional depot, and then describe how to use the model to determine the inventory requirements in the two-echelon system consisting of the central facility and the regional depots. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

One of the newest emerging areas of research in supply chain management is ReverseLogistics. It involves all activities related to the flow of products from the customerback to the supplier. In the last decade scholars have developed theories and models,however empirical data is still in its infancy. In response, this paper strives to close thisgap by conducting research to create new knowledge on the first element of reverselogistics, which is the product return process. The main intention of having a returnprocess is to handle returned products efficiently in order to recover value and to savecosts. Therefore, it is a value-adding operation and can become profitable for thecompany.The purpose of this study is to investigate the implementation and perception of thereturn process of Swedish e-retailers. Sweden is considered to be one of the mostmatured e-commerce markets. In addition, e-retailers experience the highest rate ofproduct returns. Together those two factors influenced the decision to dedicate thisthesis to this particular region and industry.Initially, this paper introduces reverse logistics focusing specifically on the productreturn process. An overview of the existing theories and concepts within the returnprocess is presented and summarized, resulting in the creation of the Boomerang ReturnModel. Based on this foundation the questionnaire was created. By cooperating with theSwedish e-retail federation - Svensk Distanshandel, access to the industry was gained toperform a quantitative study.It was found that the empirical data only gives insight into the implementation andperception of the return process of small sized companies. The findings demonstrate thelimited awareness of the importance of an efficient return process. Companies tend toperceive the return process as unimportant instead of value adding. Hence, there is anopportunity for improvements in the Swedish e-retail market. From these findings amodified version of the Boomerang Return Model was created to adjust the initialmodel particularly for small sized companies. The model can be utilized as a theoreticalgroundwork in future research. Additionally, it could also serve as guidance for smallcompanies how to implement an appropriate return process.

The number of Fourth-Party Logistics providers (4PLs) is growing. Researchers have expressed the importance of measuring the performance of a business, but still there are only a few customised performance measurement frameworks developed for logistic service providers. This Master Thesis addresses this issue by performing a multiple case study at two 4PLs that are operating in separate industries, one in reverse logistics and the other in the construction industry. Previous research agrees that performance measurement frameworks have to be comprehensive and at the same time provide the right information in an understandable way. The Balanced Scorecard and the EFQM Business Excellence Model address this issue with different approaches and have been used in further developments of new frameworks. The empirical study found that none of the studied businesses had a well-developed framework for their performance measurement and therefore the alignment between their measurements and their business strategy was affected. Performance measurement frameworks, which have a wide application, do not have a flaw that make them unsuitable to use for a 4PL. Managers in the researched businesses therefore see a need for frameworks that are easily implemented and are customised to their specific situation. Moreover, the study found that no alignment had been developed yet between the customer and the 4PL. The businesses strive to align their KPIs among the partners they are cooperating with, down the supply chain, but are not interested in communicating them to their customers. Offering their customers full transparency might affect the businesses’ processes. Research connected to performance measurement specified to 4PLs and Logistic Service Providers (LSPs) in general is needed since the currently available research leaves space for uncertainties and further discussion.

Title: Inventory Control of WEEE (Waste of Electronic and Electrical Equipment) Reverse Logistics in parts of China  --The HEA (household electrical appliances) manufacturers’ perspective   Background: With economic development, the requirement of public for enterprises and products has become increasingly rational. Price is no longer the only consideration of public, they also pay attention to other factors, such as energy conservation. The manufacturers face enormous challenges because of the late start of products recycling in China. So enterprises start to build their own recycling logistics system in order to have more competitive for themselves.   Purpose: The purpose is to describe the methods of inventory controls in the case HEA manufacturers and the problems of inventory controls, find out what problems exsist in the case manufacturers, then analyze what are the origins of these issues for HEA manufacturers as well as propose how these issues can be alleviated, and what methods would be suitable. By solving these research questions, the thesis tries to offer some suggestions about inventory control improvement not only to the cases, but also wider to the whole HEA manufacturers in China.   Method: Multiple - case study as research method has been applied. Specifically, two case companies, Chinese HEA manufacturers, have been selected. Two telephone focused interviews combined with open-ended interviews have been conducted with two related managers. The empirical evidence has been analyzed by using with-in case study and cross-case analysis method, then model analysis is applied.     Results, conclusion: First, the methods are not good enough in the two case companies, a new model is built to help inventory control in the case companies. Second, from external and internal perspective, the origins to cause the problems are a lot, but the main causes are environmental factors, and in busy seasons of these companies. Besides, for doing reverse logistics is a capital costing job, none of the enterprises would like to step in. and reverse logistics is in an uncertainty environment, doing so need to make sure everything clearly and orderly, or costs will be a large amount. The best way of improving inventory control of WEEE reverse logistics in China is that the enterprises standing together to restore the orders.   Limitations and drawbacks: For one thing, there are not enough previous studies references in China, this brought some difficulties of supporting the view points in the thesis. Two empirical cases are not persuasive enough to represent the whole China due to the limitation of the authors’ knowledge and the huge area of China. Nevertheless, the ideal model in model analysis is not that complicated, which means, for more complex problems and processes, the model would be lame.

Purpose – The purpose of our thesis is to introduce a new approach to help small and medium third party logistics service providers (3PLs) to develop and improve their Reverse logistics.   Design/methodology/approach – A case study was adopted, and a qualitative questionnaire and face-to-face interview were used to collect the fundamental data. In addition, the multi-criteria decision-making tool-AHP and the Reverse Logistics audit model were used to analyze the case and to solve the problem of 3PLs in Reverse Logistics improvement.   Findings – Under the fierce competition and in today’s volatile market, the Reverse Logistics is considered as a new competitive advantage to many 3PLs. However, the effective solutions in instructing 3PLs how to develop and improve their Reverse Logistics competence are still very scarce. Based on these, a new approach will be presented in this thesis to help 3PLs to solve problem.   Limitations – There are two main limitations in our paper, which emerge in the two models we adopted. Regarding the Reverse Logistics audit model, we need more data of the case company to support our research. For the AHP method, the limitation is:  the fact that general assumptions were used to provide correlative data in computation, and complex computation was simplified in order to show calculative processes clearly.   Practical implications – FLB, the case company will be researched to verify the practical implication of our new approach. We believe through our approach, lots of small and medium size 3PLs will find it easier to get a holistic view of their RL competence, and know how to develop or improve it.   Originality/value – How to evaluate and assess the RL competence will be presented separately from inside view of 3PLs and outside view of their customers. AHP and self-made RL audit model will be used to achieve then respectively.   Keywords Reverse logistics, Analytic hierarchy process, Assessment tool, and 3PLs    Paper type Case study/ Research paper

<p>One of the newest emerging areas of research in supply chain management is ReverseLogistics. It involves all activities related to the flow of products from the customerback to the supplier. In the last decade scholars have developed theories and models,however empirical data is still in its infancy. In response, this paper strives to close thisgap by conducting research to create new knowledge on the first element of reverselogistics, which is the product return process. The main intention of having a returnprocess is to handle returned products efficiently in order to recover value and to savecosts. Therefore, it is a value-adding operation and can become profitable for thecompany.The purpose of this study is to investigate the implementation and perception of thereturn process of Swedish e-retailers. Sweden is considered to be one of the mostmatured e-commerce markets. In addition, e-retailers experience the highest rate ofproduct returns. Together those two factors influenced the decision to dedicate thisthesis to this particular region and industry.Initially, this paper introduces reverse logistics focusing specifically on the productreturn process. An overview of the existing theories and concepts within the returnprocess is presented and summarized, resulting in the creation of the Boomerang ReturnModel. Based on this foundation the questionnaire was created. By cooperating with theSwedish e-retail federation - Svensk Distanshandel, access to the industry was gained toperform a quantitative study.It was found that the empirical data only gives insight into the implementation andperception of the return process of small sized companies. The findings demonstrate thelimited awareness of the importance of an efficient return process. Companies tend toperceive the return process as unimportant instead of value adding. Hence, there is anopportunity for improvements in the Swedish e-retail market. From these findings amodified version of the Boomerang Return Model was created to adjust the initialmodel particularly for small sized companies. The model can be utilized as a theoreticalgroundwork in future research. Additionally, it could also serve as guidance for smallcompanies how to implement an appropriate return process.</p>