En utmaning som finns i urbana miljöer är att få till och nyttja ett nätverk med fungerande returlogistik för att uppnå mål om hållbarhet. Följande arbete undersöker returlogistiken i urbana miljöer, framför allt hur avfallshanteringen ser ut, hur den tas till hänsyn vid planering av stadsutveckling samt vilka förbättringsmöjligheter som finns. Den urbana miljön som valts att undersökas är Malmö stad eftersom den är i en snabb utvecklingsprocess. Arbetet bygger på en litteraturstudie som sedan jämförts mot empiriskt material som samlats in genom intervjuer och plandokument. Variablerna som tagits i beaktning är returlogistik, citylogistik, avfallshantering och stadsplanering för att besvara syftet som framställts. Genom att jämföra teorin mot empirin drogs slutsatsen att det krävs fortsatt utvecklingsarbete men även högre prioritet på att optimera urban logistik och därmed avfallshanteringen. Urban logistiks största utmaning är kampen om kvadratmetrarna eftersom många olika aktörer är aktiva på en kompakt yta. Möjligheter som finns för framtida förbättringar är att ge returlogistiken mer uppmärksamhet och framför allt resurser. / A challenge that exists in urban environments is to create and use a network with functioning reverse logistics to achieve sustainability goals. The following essay looks into reverse logistics in urban environments, especially waste management, how it is taken into consideration when developing urban areas and what improvement opportunities exist. The urban environment chosen to be explored is the city of Malmö because it is in a rapid development process. The essay is based on a literature review which is then compared against empirical material collected through interviews and planning documents. The variables taken into account are reversed logistics, city logistics, waste management and urban planning to answer the purpose presented. By comparing the theories with the empirical material, it was concluded that continued development work is required but also a higher priority to optimize urban logistics and waste management. Urban logistics' biggest challenge is the fight for square meters because of the many different corporations are active on a compact surface. Possibilities that exist for future improvements are to give reverse logistics more attention and, above all, resources.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-11-30T12:22:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronei Leonardo Pulz_.pdf: 3852143 bytes, checksum: d1c29419943db18caec3e75a37c89336 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-30T12:22:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronei Leonardo Pulz_.pdf: 3852143 bytes, checksum: d1c29419943db18caec3e75a37c89336 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-09 / Nenhuma / A presente dissertação trata sobre o atual panorama acerca dos impactos e responsabilidades trazidas pelas nanotecnologias e a construção de possibilidades ambientalmente sustentáveis. No cenário global são tidas como protagonistas da próxima revolução tecnológica, portanto, justifica a importância da análise prévia de sustentabilidade frente ao impacto social e ambiental, positivo ou negativo, dos efeitos produzidos pela indústria e pelo consumo (des)informado dos produtos nanotecnológicos aplicados ao setor de aparelhos eletrônicos ou de informação. Considerando o cenário dualista – entre as vantagens e os riscos – das nanotecnologias e a falta de uma regulação específica, procura-se responder ao seguinte problema: em que medida o fenômeno das nanotecnologias prejudica ou não a construção da noção de um modelo (nano)ambiental sustentável e de responsabilidade? Objetiva-se, estudar os impactos e efeitos socioambientais desse fenômeno sob o viés dos princípios constitucionais da prevenção, precaução e informação que norteiam o desenvolvimento sustentável no Direito Ambiental e qual sua contribuição frente a ausência da (nano)regulação de segurança e (in)suficiência de dados de pesquisa sobre os efeitos toxicológicos, servindo como base de alerta para o debate multidisciplinar sobre os seus reflexos no meio ambiente e no desenvolvimento sustentável. A cerca disso, constata-se que, os princípios ambientais condicionam e possibilitam a construção de um paradigma sustentável e de responsabilidade (nano)ambiental, levando em consideração as condicionantes para aplicação da logística reversa no contexto da (nano)regulação. A título metodológico e de referencial teórico, será utilizada a perspectiva sistêmica, desencadeando uma ênfase na observação da Teoria do Risco a partir da obra Sociología del riesgo de Niklas Luhmann. Esta metodologia se justifica na premente necessidade de formação de uma coerência em toda a amplitude da regulação das nanotecnologias no Brasil. Diante da incipiente produção e informação bibliográfica sobre o tema no Brasil, a pesquisa dará ênfase às experiências do Direito nacional, utilizando-se da gestão dos riscos e da logística reversa para a formação de dados que indiquem a sua possível compatibilidade com a produção de respostas. A técnica de pesquisa será a bibliográfica e consistirá na análise documental realizada sobre várias fontes, tais como normas constitucionais, leis ordinárias, decretos legislativos, resoluções normativas, Diários Oficiais, Tribunais, órgãos estatais, revistas especializadas, periódicos, livros, doutrina, etc. A pesquisa bibliográfica será desenvolvida, ainda, pela consulta a diversas fontes interdisciplinares em matéria de nanotecnologias, destacando-se, especialmente, documentos tais como constatações científicas, normatizações pertinentes, doutrina e decisões que digam respeito à matéria objeto deste projeto, dando especial ênfase a comparação crítica dos contextos europeu, norte-americano e brasileiro. / This dissertation deals with the current situation on the impacts and responsibilities brought by nanotechnology, and the construction of environmentally friendly possibilities. On the global stage are seen as protagonists of the next technological revolution, therefore justifies the importance of prior analysis of sustainability across the social and environmental impact, positive or negative, of the effects produced by industry and the consumer (un)informed of nanotechnology products applied to sector of electronics or information. Considering the dualistic scenario - between the benefits and risks - of nanotechnology and the lack of a specific regulation, looking to answer the following question: to what extent the phenomenon of nanotechnologies affect or not the construction of the notion of a model sustainable (nano)environmental and responsibility? The purpose is to study the impacts and environmental effects of this phenomenon under the bias of the constitutional principles of prevention, precaution and information that guide sustainable development in Environmental Law and what their contribution compared to the absence of safety (nano)regulation and (in)sufficiency of research data on toxicological effects, serving as a warning basis for multidisciplinary debate about its effects on the environment and sustainable development. About this, it appears that the environmental principles condition and enable the construction of a sustainable paradigm and responsibility (nano)environment, taking into account the conditions for application of reverse logistics in the context of (nano)regulation. The methodological basis and theoretical, systemic perspective will be used, triggering an emphasis on observation of Risk Theory from the work Sociology del riesgo Niklas Luhmann. This methodology is justified in pressing need of forming a consistency across the range of regulation of nanotechnology in Brazil. Faced with the incipient production and bibliographic information on the topic in Brazil, the research will emphasize the experiences of national law, using risk management and reverse logistics for the formation of data indicating its possible compatibility with the production of answers. The research technique will consist of the bibliographic and documentary analysis on various sources, such as constitutional provisions, ordinary laws, legislative decrees, normative resolutions, Official Gazettes, courts, state agencies, journals, periodicals, books, teaching, etc. The literature will be developed also by consulting with various interdisciplinary sources in the field of nanotechnologies, highlighting especially documents such as scientific findings, pertinent standards, doctrine and decisions relating to the subject matter of this project, with special emphasis critical comparison of European contexts, the US and Brazil.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-10T22:43:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 42b.pdf: 11938841 bytes, checksum: 548f5c4ae8b13931af52bc417ff2da4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-10T22:43:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 42b.pdf: 11938841 bytes, checksum: 548f5c4ae8b13931af52bc417ff2da4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Nenhuma / O objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é estudar um projeto de coprocessamento de resíduos, e desenvolver um meio de torná-lo sustentável economicamente, à luz das teorias sobre logística reversa. Este projeto traz consigo resultados que vão além da área financeira, ao utilizar, da melhor forma, as cadeias logísticas já existentes na região, reduzindo, assim, o seu impacto na natureza. Uma vez que este projeto foi identificado ainda na sua fase de desenvolvimento, o método de pesquisa utilizado foi a pesquisa-ação. Neste tipo de método, usam-se as teorias existentes para planejar as intervenções de campo, ao mesmo tempo que se aproveitam os resultados para gerar avanços teóricos. Os objetivos específicos deste trabalho buscam estudar, primeiramente, as empresas fornecedoras de resíduos, analisando as suas localizações, bem como os tipos de produtos disponibilizados. A partir daí, ver o melhor lugar para instalar a planta produtora de mistura (blend), levando em consideração as restrições ambientais, os custos envolvidos e a oferta de modais de transporte, e por fim, analisar as empresas cimenteiras consumidoras de tal mistura. Os resultados mais importantes estão relacionados à mudança de localização da planta de coprocessamento, ao processo logístico de coleta dos resíduos bem como do produto final e o desenvolvimento de uma embalagem para o seu transporte. As implicações finais são ambientais, financeiras e estratégicas. Este projeto viabiliza o uso de uma parte significativa de resíduos que antes teriam como destino, na melhor das opções, os aterros sanitários da região, e agora passam ser uteis como combustíveis em uma nova cadeia de produção. Já os resultados econômicos atingiram as duas principais empresas estudas. Para a primeira, houve uma redução de 27% no custo logístico dos produtos produzidos. Já para a segunda, 8% no custo de combustível utilizado em fornos. Por fim, as estratégicas garantem, para a unidade de blendagem, um diferencial perante possíveis novos entrantes no mercado. Para garantir tudo isso, esta pesquisa passa pelos conceitos de logística e logística reversa, fazendo um apanhado sobre a produção de cimento e relatando os combustíveis utilizados nestas plantas, com as suas futuras opções de substituição, uma vez que este é um tipo de indústria altamente demandante de energia e calor. Finalmente, o caso analisado é a primeira planta de coprocessamento do Rio Grande do Sul que fará uso de diversos tipos de resíduos na confecção de um combustível alternativo para fornos de clinquer. / This dissertation aims to study a waste co-processing, and develop a way to make it economically sustainable within the logistic and reverse logistics theory. This brings together results that go beyond the financial area, when the logistics chains in the region are used at best in order to reduce the impact on the environment. Once this research project has already been identified in its development phase, the method of research is action-research. In this type of method, they use existing theories to plan interventions in the field, while the results take advantage to generate theorist advancements. The specific aims of this paper target the study, firstly, of the waste suppliers, analyzing their locations as well as the kinds of available products. From this point of view, we can see the best place to install the production blend plant, taking into consideration the environmental restrictions, the costs and the offering of different types of transport, and finally it analyzes the cement consumer companies of such blend. The most important results are related to the changing of the co-processing plant location, the logistic process of waste collection as well as the final product and the development of a kind of suitable wrapping for its transport. The final consequences are environmental, financial and strategic. This project enables the use of a significant portion of waste that would previously have as destination, at best, the region's landfills, and are now being useful as fuels in a new production chain. Since the economic results achieved two major companies studied. For the first, there was a 27% reduction in logistics costs of products produced. As for the second, 8% of the cost of fuel. Finally, the strategic guarantee, for the blending unit, a differential to possible new entrants in the market. So, this study analyses the concepts on logistics and reverse-logistics, making an overview on the cement production and the different kinds of fuel used in these plants, with its future replacement options - once this is a type of industry that demands high amounts of energy and heating. Finally, the case study talks about the first co-processing plant in Rio Grande do Sul, which is going to use several sorts of waste in the manufacturing of an alternative kind of fuel for clinker kilns.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-04T15:35:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO CEZAR ALVES ROCHA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 1305607 bytes, checksum: 02fa1b18cccb0e1818fc0e884159d0c3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T15:35:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO CEZAR ALVES ROCHA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 1305607 bytes, checksum: 02fa1b18cccb0e1818fc0e884159d0c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-22 / As questões ambientais vêm ganhando destaque por permitirem a sociedade uma melhoria na qualidade de vida, tendo uma ferramenta administrativa apresentando grande importância nesse processo que é a logística reversa. Com isso, o padrão de consumo se tornou um fator determinante para a degradação ambiental. Dessa forma procura-se alternativas viáveis para os resíduos e descartes oriundos de artefatos de alumínio. Diante dessa realidade o presente estudo traz a Logística Reversa como uma alternativa a questões relacionadas ao processo de sustentabilidade das empresas, através de um estudo de caso em indústrias de alumínio no município de Catolé do Rocha-PB. Como procedimento metodológico foi adotado um estudo de caso com o uso da pesquisa descritiva, na qual se tomou por base de estudo. As informações foram coletadas por meio de um questionário semiestruturado aplicado nas empresas. Os resultados observados mostraram que ao utilizar a prática da logística reversa nas empresas estudadas, além de contribuições em termos financeiros e ambientais, as mesmas apresentaram benefícios quanto a imagem institucional diante do consumidor. Outro aspecto relaciona-se a redução dos custos de produção, seguindo as regras estabelecidas pela legislação ambiental. Com esse estudo conclui-se, que a logística reversa é necessária para o desenvolvimento da atividade industrial, as empresas conseguem bons resultados para o ambiente com a reutilização de materiais antes depositados no meio ambiente mudando a mentalidade da população para a questão do consumo consciente. / Environmental issues are gaining prominence for allowing the company an improvement in quality of life, and an administrative tool highly relevant in this process that is the reverse logistics. Thus, the pattern of consumption has become a determining factor in environmental degradation. Thus they seek to viable alternatives for waste disposal and coming from aluminum artifacts. Given this reality this study brings Reverse Logistics as an alternative to issues related to the process of sustainable enterprises, through a case study in aluminum industries in Catole of Rocha-PB municipality. As methodological procedure adopted was a case study with the use of descriptive research, which was taken by study basis, the information was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire applied in companies. The results showed that when using the practice of reverse logistics in the companies studied as well as contributions in financial and environmental terms the same showed benefit as the institutional image before the consumers, another aspect relates to the reduction of production costs following the rules by environmental legislation. With this study we conclude that reverse logistics is necessary for the development of industrial activity, companies achieve good results for the environment by reusing materials before disposed in the environment by changing the mentality of the population to the issue of conscious consumption.

In connection to the increasing awareness of vehicles and its impact on the environment, the interest in the electric vehicle market has shown a significant growth in the recent years. According to forecasts, it is also projected to increase further in the future. These electric vehicles are driven by lithium-ion batteries with an expected service life of 5-15 years depending on different technology generations and design concepts. After the given service life, the battery has lost approximately 20 percent of its capacity and is no longer permitted to be used in its original application area again, out of safety reasons. Although the retired battery pack is not suitable for vehicles, its remaining capacity can still be utilized in other applications. Hence, the term second life has become a common subject in the automotive industry, where companies are trying to find new application areas for the retired electric vehicle battery packs. Common methods regarding second life of electric vehicle batteries are processes such as remanufacturing, repurposing and re-use. These presented second life methods are from a reverse logistics perspective. Second life alternatives enable a better sustainability and reduces the environmental impact by re-using and recycling existing materials.   In this thesis, the authors examined different second life concepts with the same prerequisite, an electric vehicle lithium-ion battery pack with an energy capacity of 20 kWh. The project has been conducted in a company that is one of the leading manufacturers in the heavy-duty industrial vehicle industry, which currently is developing their electric vehicle machines. Several different concepts have been generated and analysed to find the most applicable business model concepts from a second life perspective. The purpose has been to investigate and calculate which of these business model concepts are most feasible from an economic and a reverse logistics perspective. In order to fulfil the purpose, the following research questions have been formulated:   RQ1: Which secondary use business model concepts are feasible for battery packs of electrified machines? RQ2: Out of the above identified concepts, which business model concept is economically feasible and how can its reverse logistic be composed?   In order to answer the research questions, the authors have analysed different cost aspects and forecasts based on existing research and case company data. This is performed to develop the most profitable concepts based on the collected data, where the generated ideas concluded in three final concepts. For these concepts, individual business model canvases were created to illustrate all important parts of the concepts. The thesis resulted in an economic analysis of the three concepts, visualizing function diagrams and comparing them to each other, to identify the most applicable concept for the case company. The remanufacturing concept proved to be the most applicable one, where its associated reverse logistics and recycling process were investigated and determined. In conclusion the thesis can firstly contribute to future research by the created process map that companies can use and apply in their second life process, correlated to the managerial implications. Secondly, the remanufacturing concept can be a potential future investment for the case company, considering all valuable factors that have been analysed throughout the thesis.     Keywords: Battery pack, Battery secondary use, Business model, Reverse logistic, ESS, Remanufacturing, Battery repurposing, re-use, Battery second life economic analysis.

Purpose: To map the companies’ use of the specific 3R’s (reuse, remanufacture and recycle) as well as gain an understanding of  the cooperation opportunities between manufacturing organizations and companies that work with the 3R’s:      1) What factors play a role in the companies’ use of the specific 3R’s?    2) Which cooperation opportunities do the companies’ see from a sustainability perspective?   Method: The study was based on a multiple case design which consisted interviews. The interviews were based on companies that manufacture and develop electronic and electrical equipment (EEE) and companies who are engaged in taking care of the used EEE. The study also contained different literature studies in sustainability, which further lead to the creation of the theoretical framework in cooperation with the purpose of the study. Between the theoretical framework and the study's empiricism an analysis could be carried out, which also contributed to the results of the study.   Result: The study has resulted in the identification of several different factors for the specific 3R’s, together with cooperation opportunities between manufacturing organizations of EEE and companies that take care of the consumed EEE based on the specific 3R’s. Where economic sustainability, i.e. profit maximization has been the factor that has permeated a large part of the results, together with some influence from environmental considerations.   Implications: The study does not establish a new theory but bases itself on existing theories that have been tested in reality through interviews. During this study, it has been clear that the economic factors are one of the most important elements that determine how companies choose to work. Profit maximization is such a big factor that it also affects and outweighs environmental considerations when placed against each other. Environmental considerations are usually less considered than profit maximization but should weigh at least as much as profit maximization during the decision-making process.   Limitations: • The study is based only on companies located in Sweden. • This study does not address/treat social sustainability or social considerations. • The study is based on producer companies that manufacture and develop electronic and electrical products as well as companies that work with reuse, remanufacture and recycling of electronic and electrical products.   Key words: Waste management, End of life, supply chain, Life cycle analysis, reverse logistic, Waste electrical and electronic equipment, reuse, remanufacture, recycle. / Syfte: Att kartlägga företagens användning av de specifika 3R:en (återanvändning, produktuppgradering och återvinning) samt se över samarbetsmöjligheter mellan tillverkande organisationer och företag som jobbar med de 3R:en: 1)      Vilka faktorer spelar roll för företagens användning av de specifika 3R: en? 2)      Vilka samarbetsmöjligheter ser företagen ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv? Metod: Studien utgick från en flerfallsdesign som bestod av intervjuer. Intervjuer skedde enbart på företag som tillverkar och utvecklar elektroniska och elektriska utrustningar (EEE) och företag som sysselsätter sig med att ta hand om de konsumerade EEE. Det utfördes även litteraturstudier inom hållbarhet som kunde bana väg för skapandet av studiens teoretiska ramverk utifrån relevanta teorier inom hållbarhet utifrån studiens syfte. Genom ett samarbete mellan det teoretiska ramverket och studiens empiri kunde en analys ske som även bidrog till studiens resultat. Resultat: Studien har resulterat i att flera olika faktorer har identifierats fram för de specifika 3R:en tillsammans med samarbetsmöjligheter mellan tillverknings organisationer av EEE samt företag som tar hand om de konsumerade EEE utifrån de specifika 3R:en. Där den ekonomiska hållbarheten d.v.s. vinstmaximeringen har varit det som har genomsyrat stora delar av resultat med inflytande av miljömässiga överväganden Implikationer: Studien upprättar ingen ny teori utan tar sin utgångspunkt från redan befintliga teorier som har prövats i verkligheten genom intervjuer. Under denna studiens gång har det varit klart att de ekonomiska faktorerna är en av de viktigaste faktorerna som bestämmer hur företagen väljer att jobba. Vinstmaximeringen är en sådan stor faktor så att det även påverkar och väger tyngre än miljömässiga överväganden när de ställs emot varandra. Miljömässiga överväganden är något som väger mindre när det ställs emot vinstmaximeringen men som bör väga lika mycket som vinstmaximeringen under beslutsfattanden. Avgränsningar: <ul type="disc">Studien baseras endast på företag som är lokaliserade i Sverige. I denna studie behandlas inte den sociala hållbarheten eller sociala överväganden. Studien utgår ifrån producentföretag som tillverkar och utvecklar elektroniska och elektriska produkter samt företag som jobbar med återanvändning, produktuppgradering och återvinning av elektroniska och elektriska produkter.   Nyckelord: Waste management, End of life, försörjningskedja, Life cycle analysis, reverse logistic, Waste electrical and electronic equipment, reuse, remanufacture, recycle.

Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-25T12:29:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AFRÂNIO SOUTO DUQUE DE ABRANTES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2017..pdf: 1738356 bytes, checksum: 35a4ce70412b5ab5b44fb2b7d2f92268 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-25T12:29:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AFRÂNIO SOUTO DUQUE DE ABRANTES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2017..pdf: 1738356 bytes, checksum: 35a4ce70412b5ab5b44fb2b7d2f92268 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / As ações promovidas pela logística reversa são importantes para auxiliar no combate aos impactos ambientais, consistindo na devolução de embalagens que contenham resíduos que causam efeitos nocivos à saúde e ao meio ambiente. No que se refere a essa pesquisa foram vinculadas as ações da logística reversa e foi elaborado manuais de boas práticas, nos quais abordaram os meios adequados para o descarte das embalagens de agrotóxicos que, por obrigação de lei, devem ser devolvidas ao seu fornecedor. Dessa forma, o estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar o funcionamento da logística reversa no Perímetro Irrigado São Gonçalo-PB. Para alcançar esse objetivo foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa bibliográfica pertinente ao tema abordado, levantando uma fundamentação teórica sobre conceitos e aplicações da logística reversa. Quanto à metodologia, foi utilizado um estudo de caso a respeito da logística reversa. A pesquisa foi classificada em descritiva e exploratória. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma entrevista aos colonos do Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo e também aos fornecedores dos agrotóxicos, usando, assim, um questionário semiestruturado. Logo, a pesquisa teve um caráter misto, ou seja, trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo. As principais conclusões do estudo indicaram que poucos produtores devolvem suas embalagens de agrotóxicos após seu uso e que a grande maioria não tem preocupação em devolver essas embalagens, o que se configura como um fator preocupante para a saúde da população e para o meio ambiente. Outro fator preocupante observado foi a ausência do uso de equipamentos de segurança por parte dos atores envolvidos na aplicação dos defensivos visto que mais de 50% não usam nenhum tipo de proteção. Contudo, não há uma fiscalização no que se refere à obrigatoriedade da logística reversa, fato que contribui para a obtenção de resultados dessa natureza. / The actions promoted by reverse logistics are important to assist in combating environmental impacts, consisting of the return of packaging that contains waste that causes harmful effects on health and the environment. With regard to this research, the actions of reverse logistics were linked to the packaging of pesticides that, due to legal obligations, should be returned to their suppliers. So, the study had as general objective to analyze the operation of reverse logistics in the irrigated perimeter São Gonçalo-PB. In order to achieve this objective, a bibliographical research was developed that was pertinent to the topic addressed, raising a theoretical foundation about concepts and applications of reverse logistics. As for the methodology, a case study was used regarding reverse logistics. The research was classified as descriptive and exploratory, in which an interview was made with the settlers of the irrigated perimeter São Gonçalo and also with the suppliers of pesticides, using a semi - structured questionnaire in this way the research had a mixed character because it is a qualitative study and Quantitative. The main conclusions of the study indicated that few producers return their pesticide containers after their use and that the vast majority have no concern in returning these packages which is a worrying factor for the health of the population and the environment. Another worrying factor that has been drawn from conclusion and the absence of the use of safety equipment by the actors involved in the application of the pesticides since more than 50% do not use any type of protection. However, there is not a certain oversight regarding the obligation of reverse logistics, which contributes to obtaining results of this nature.

A presente dissertaÃÃo visa utilizar a AnÃlise EnvoltÃria de Dados (DEA) na otimizaÃÃo de um modelo de logÃstica reversa de pneus inservÃveis para a cidade de Fortaleza. Inicialmente, foi elaborado um diagnÃstico da situaÃÃo atual da coleta e disposiÃÃo final dos pneus inservÃveis no municÃpio a fim de detectar as falhas e ineficiÃncias na sua gestÃo e identificar o que deve ser aplicado para que o cenÃrio existente se adeque à PolÃtica Nacional dos ResÃduos SÃlidos e à ResoluÃÃo n 416/2009 do CONAMA. ApÃs o mapeamento, foi realizado um estudo de otimizaÃÃo do sistema logÃstico de pontos de recuperaÃÃo de pneus por meio da aplicaÃÃo da metodologia multicritÃrio DEA, levando em consideraÃÃo aspectos sociais, de saÃde, de seguranÃa pÃblica e de infraestrutura, alÃm de custos de implantaÃÃo. Assim, constatou-se que os envolvidos na gestÃo dos pneus inservÃveis na cidade trabalham separadamente e que o municÃpio està desempenhando o papel que deveria ser dos fabricantes e importadores de pneus. A configuraÃÃo da rede logÃstica revelou que as melhores condiÃÃes para abrigar e operar postos de coleta de pneus foram obtidas pelos bairros: Parque Dois IrmÃos, Aldeota, Cidade 2000, CocÃ, De Lourdes, Messejana, Guararapes, Jangurussu, Meireles, Conjunto Palmeiras, CoaÃu, Cambeba, Salinas, Conjunto EsperanÃa, Bom Jardim, Vicente Pinzon, Conjunto Josà Walter, Mondubim, Conjunto Cearà I, Conjunto Cearà II, Rodolfo TeÃfilo, Pici, Henrique Jorge e Parque AraxÃ. Esses postos servirÃo como pontos estratÃgicos para que fabricantes e importadores possam dar continuidade ao seu processo de recolhimento e destinaÃÃo ambientalmente adequados, enviando-os preferencialmente para coprocessamento em fornos de cimenteira e para utilizaÃÃo na construÃÃo/restauraÃÃo de pavimentos asfÃlticos, contribuindo para implantaÃÃo da logÃstica reversa de pneus inservÃveis em Fortaleza. / This thesis aims to use the data envelopment analysis (DEA) in optimizing a reverse logistics model of waste tires to the city of Fortaleza. Initially, It has produced a diagnosis of the current situation of the collection and disposal of tires useless in the municipality in order to detect the flaws and inefficiencies in the management and identify which should be applied to the existing scenario fits the National Policy for Solid Waste and Resolution No. 416/2009 of CONAMA. After mapping was conducted an optimization study of the logistics system of tire recovery points By applying the methodology DEA multiple criteria, taking into account aspects social, health, public infrastructure and security, and deployment costs. Thus, it was found that those involved in the management of scrap tires in the city work separately and that the council is playing the role it should be manufacturers and tire importers. The configuration of the logistics network revealed that the best conditions to house and operate tire collection points were obtained through the neighborhoods: Two Park Brothers, Meireles, City 2000, Coco, Lourdes, Messejana, Guararapes, Jangurussu, Meireles, Conjunto Palmeiras, CoaÃu, Cambeba, Salinas, set Hope, Bom Jardim, Vicente Pinzon, set Joseph Walter, Mondubim, Cearà Set I, Set II CearÃ, Rodolfo Teofilo, Pici, Henry George and Park AraxÃ. These stations serve as points strategic for manufacturers and importers can continue its process collection and environmentally sound disposal, sending them preferentially to co-processing in cement kilns and for use in the construction / restoration asphalt pavements, helping to reverse logistics implementation of scrap tires In fortaleza.

O Sistema Logístico, na sua atuação, pode ser classificado como Logística Direta, Logística Verde e Logística Reversa. Esta última, a Logística Reversa, ocupa um espaço importante no sistema logístico das empresas, quer pelo seu potencial econômico, quer pela sua importância para a preservação de recursos ambientais. Cada vez mais rigorosas quanto ao descarte de insumos, as leis fazem com que as empresas tenham de desenvolver ferramentas reversas que deem destinação adequada para embalagens, insumos e, até mesmo, para partes de seus produtos. A logística reversa vem sendo utilizada como ferramenta estratégica por empresas que desejam atuar em um mercado competitivo. O trabalho aqui proposto tem como objetivo analisar o reuso dos rejeitos gerados durante uma produção de peças metálicas do segmento de autopeças, buscando, dentro da Logística Reversa interna da empresa, os aspectos da sustentabilidade econômico. A análise está centrada no sistema de logística interna da empresa estudada, focada na reutilização de um componente metálico. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, se caracteriza como um estudo de caso. O tipo da pesquisa deste estudo se enquadra como descritiva. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de análise documental dos setores da qualidade, produção, vendas, financeira e logística. Analisou-se a possibilidade de reutilizar os componentes rejeitados, com o foco na sustentabilidade econômico, usando como ferramenta a Logística Reversa para minimizar os prejuízos ocorridos por meio de rejeitos. Conclui-se que a Logística Reversa pode alcançar a sustentabilidade econômica numa empresa que busca seu crescimento no mercado. / The Logistical System in their work can be classified as Direct Logistics, Green Logistics and Reverse Logistics. The latter, Reverse Logistics, occupies an important space in the logistics system of the company, either by its economic potential, both for their importance to the preservation of environmental resources. Increasingly stringent for disposal of raw materials, the laws mean that companies have to develop tools that reverse deem appropriate destination for packaging, supplies and even to parts of their products. Reverse logistics is being used as a strategic tool for companies wishing to operate in a competitive market. The work proposed here is to analyze the reuse of waste generated during production of metal parts in the auto parts segment, searching within the internal logistics Reverse the company, aspects of economic sustainability. The analysis is focused on the internal logistics system of the studied company, focused on the reuse of a metallic component. The research, of a qualitative nature, is characterized as a case study. The kind of research this study is characterized as descriptive. Data collection was performed through document analysis of quality sectors, production, sales, finance and logistics. It analyzed the possibility of reusing the discarded components, with a focus on economic sustainability using as reverse logistics tool to minimize the losses incurred by waste. We conclude that the Reverse Logistics can achieve sustainability economic in a company that seeks growth in the market.

Presented diploma thesis deals with the application of dispersion modelling of emissions from stationary sources of pollution as a potential tool which can be used for data preparation in reverse logistic models. In this case, the stationary source is represented by a waste-to-energy plant. The thesis consists of two main parts -- theoretical and computational. Firstly, emission sources and pollutants originating in thermal waste treatment are discussed. In the second chapter, legislation linked to the problem of air pollution is listed and the topics of current air quality in the Czech Republic and dispersion studies are outlined. Closing section of the theoretical part provides information about the principals of dispersion calculations and classification of dispersion models is given. In the computational part, the used dispersion software SYMOS'97 is introduced and the series of conducted calculations is presented. The calculations investigated the influence of plant capacity, dispersion conditions and terrain on the results. The input data of plant capacity and wind rose were indicated as key parameters in the calculation. The final evaluation revealed a good potential of the used dispersion model as a support tool in reverse logistic models.