Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T21:52:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 Isac Roizenblatt1.pdf: 1331996 bytes, checksum: 00db1f1d51ee22169dd8676aba830c37 (MD5) Isac Roizenblatt2.pdf: 1211617 bytes, checksum: abd9645c16c1accc6c48047d756a179b (MD5) Isac Roizenblatt3.pdf: 2380832 bytes, checksum: 1e432a18b0107a74dcd6ca1193a9bb90 (MD5) Isac Roizenblatt4.pdf: 3712526 bytes, checksum: e586084a1463cba71b69607e396f6cf1 (MD5) Isac Roizenblatt5.pdf: 728060 bytes, checksum: dc7ab86a61f91ce6b1961d41560a942c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-26 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The city at night differs from the city during the day, because nocturnal urban lighting must satisfy several functions such as to create a new environment, to increase the awareness of the beauty and diversity of landscapes, to ensure safety and to attend to the psychomotor needs, to guide through space marks, to highlight places according to their specificity, to enrich festivals and spectacles, and to facilitate leisure. Nevertheless,historically speaking, it has been observed that lighting has been developed to attend to the demands of the cars and has forgotten the demands of the citizens. People s needs at night should be the main objective of the urban lighting, whether it is for the resident, for the student, for the worker or for the tourist. What it is pursued is the lighting which includes a search for identity for historic structures, commercial areas, educational and hospital buildings, as well as for leisure centers. This paper shows that there is a lack of suitable lighting for the cities today. It analyses the several functions of the urban lighting, in order to check its compliance, and need for improvement. / A cidade à noite difere da cidade diurna, pois a iluminação no urbanismo noturno deve satisfazer a uma série de funções como criar o novo ambiente, aumentar a conscientização da beleza e da diversidade de paisagens, promover a segurança, atender às necessidades psicomotoras, orientar pelo balizamento do espaço, promover lugares por suas especificidades, enriquecer festivais e espetáculos, e facilitar o lazer. No entanto, o que é observado - historicamente falando - é uma iluminação desenvolvida para atender às necessidades dos veículos e que esqueceu os cidadãos. As necessidades das pessoas à noite devem ser o principal objetivo da iluminação urbana, seja para o morador, estudante, trabalhador ou turista. Busca-se a iluminação que inclua a procura da identidade de estruturas sejam históricas, sejam comerciais, conjuntos educacionais e hospitalares, assim como áreas de lazer. Este trabalho mostra que falta iluminação adequada para as cidades hoje. Procura examinar as funções da iluminação urbana, para verificar seu atendimento e necessidade de melhorias.

Esta pesquisa procura situar a produção do espaço no contexto das operações de reurbanização na cidade de São Paulo, especificamente, a \"revitalização do centro\". Tais abstrações se colocam na realidade reduzindo as potencialidades do urbano, este entendido como lugar do encontro, a simples troca de mercadorias e relações contratuais entre \"agentes\" sociais, ora personificados em capitalistas, ora, em proletários. Neste sentido, o espaço, de modo estratégico, é produzido como espetáculo, ideologia e meio de segregação, dentro dos limites de uma economia capitalista que se apresenta agora como crise do trabalho. Diante destas circunstâncias, as relações de produção não se efetivam totalmente e é cada vez maior uma crescente população de trabalhadores que não consegue vender sua força de trabalho, devido à redução de sua oferta no mercado, e que, por isso, não encontra lugar nesta economia. Através destas questões, buscou-se definir táticas de resistência de parte desta população, notadamente os sem-tetos, perante a revitalização do centro. Daí, o problema da habitação não se resumir às restrições físicas da residência, mas a luta pela cidade, a própria existência e o habitar. / This research tries to situate the production of the space in the context of the operation of reurbanization in the city of São Paulo, specifically, \"the revitalization of the center\". This abstractions are putting in the reality reducing the potentiality of the urban, this understand how a place of the meeting, the simple change of merchandises and contractual relations between social \"agents\", sometimes personified in capitalists, sometimes, in workers. In this way, the space, in a strategic way, is produced like spectacle, ideology and segregation way, inside the limits of a economy capitalist that show yourself like the worker\'s crises. In front of this circumstance, the production relationship don\'t be totally effective and each time a increasing population of workers that don\'t obtains sell his work?s strength, because of the reduction of his offer in the work\'s market, and them because of this, they don\'t find their place in the society. Among these questions, searches have been made to define tactics of resistance by part of the population, nominated the homeless, ahead the revitalization of downtown. So, the problem of habitation can\'t be resumed to the physical restriction of home, but the fight for the city, the own existence and the living.

A (re)produção das metrópoles para a venda no mercado mundial ocorre através da produção de novas formas espaciais associadas à urbanização contemporânea. Até então reconhecidamente espaço produzido pela indústria, agora a metrópole tende a conformar-se pela dispersão relativa da atividade produtiva. No bojo desse movimento, novos processos e estratégias são engendrados, voltados à reestruturação urbana, reproduzindo a metrópole de acordo com novas estratégias que apontam para a produção do Centro, ora em deterioração, como nova centralidade. Estas estratégias apontam para a recuperação de áreas urbanas degradadas, de modo a trazer de volta aos centros ou outras áreas em vias de revitalização as classes sociais com maior poder aquisitivo. Para isso, neste momento, a cultura é instrumentalizada como produto e lógica potencializada por uma ideologia desenvolvimentista. Assim, o objeto de nossa pesquisa consiste no estudo das políticas espaciais voltadas à revitalização de centros urbanos, políticas que atuam sob o discurso culturalista articuladas pelo Estado e pelo capital para a superação das barreiras existentes à valorização do valor e à circulação do capital. Neste sentido, dá-se a relação entre o Político e o econômico no processo de produção de novos espaços, utilizando-se de ideologias que ganham materialidade nas novas formas e relações engendradas na área central da metrópole. Dessa forma, nosso objetivo principal é discutir os termos nos quais a cultura aparece no interior do processo de (re)produção do espaço urbano a partir do Centro. Temos então como hipótese o seguinte: esses empreendimentos apoiados em um álibi cultural que criam marcos nas novas paisagens de poder e de dinheiro que se constituem no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo são elementos-chave para decifrar a mudança estrutural pela qual passamos atualmente e, particularmente, um novo momento da urbanização brasileira. Imprescindível nesta empreitada é resgatar os fundamentos históricos do processo de urbanização do Rio de Janeiro, das origens à atualidade, tendo a Lapa como recorte privilegiado nesta análise. São Paulo insere-se nesta investigação ao final do trabalho através de um estudo sobre a revitalização da área conhecida como Cracolândia, na periferia do Centro. Coloca-se, então, a necessidade de um paralelo com São Paulo a fim de apontar tendência no movimento da reprodução hoje. / The (re)production of the metropolises for sale on the world market works through the production of new spatial forms associated with contemporary urbanization. Industry formerly organized urban space in known patterns, but now the metropolis is shaped by a relative dispersion of industrial activity. In the wake of this movement, new processes and strategies have been engineered, geared towards urban restructuring, and reproducing the metropolis according to new strategies targeted at the production of the Downtown, currently in decline, as \"new centrality. These strategies focus on the recovery of degraded urban areas in order to entice social classes with greater purchasing power back to the downtowns or other revitalizing areas. To realize these strategies, culture is manipulated as a product, and is bolstered within the logic of an ideology of development. Thus, the object of this research is the study of spatial policies aimed at revitalizing urban areas policies that work within the cultural discourse articulated by the State and capital to overcome existing barriers to the valorization of the value and the circulation of capital. By extension, we see the relationship between political and economic processes of production of new spaces, using ideologies materialized in new forms and relations engendered in the central area of the metropolis. Our principle goal is to discuss the terms within which culture appears in the interior of the process of (re)production of urban space starting from the urban core. We hypothesized that projects supported by a cultural \"alibi\" that create landmarks in the new landscapes of power and money in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo are key to discover the structural change within which we are currently living and, particularly, a new stage of Brazilian urbanization. Indispensable in this endeavor is to rescue the historical process of urbanization in Rio de Janeiro, from its origins to the present moment, highlighting Lapa as a privileged site in this analysis. São Paulo also forms part of the investigation; toward the end of the work we study revitalization of the area known as Cracolândia, in the Downtown outskirts. Comparative study of the two cases strengthens our analysis of contemporary trends in the reproduction of urban space.

This thesis deals with the possibilities of financing revitalization of the block of flats. The thesis analyses any options of financing, compares the offers of the financing institution and includes solutions for concrete condominium in Kyjov.

The aim of the thesis is a description and characterization of the most important impacts and effects which are associated with the renewal of monument. The renewal has a huge impact on the monument itself. It is a way how to preserve the existence of monument for the future. When the monument is integrated again into a contemporary community, it brings new economic benefits which give the monument a new sense of being and give it the chance to be conserved and protected for next generations. This new economic role of the monument has to be considered only with the respect to its historical and artistic value. The existence of monument affects also its surroundings in many ways. Monument has an obvious impact on landscape, the view of horizon and also influences the quality of life of people living in the vicinity. Monument can enrich leisure time of local people or turists. It can be also the key factor for developing of tourism, incoming investments and prosperity of this locality. Monument could not be considered in isolation of its surroundings because it creates together a complex which influences the monument, and on the other hand, which is influenced by the monument.

In the United States, public school enrollment is typically organized by neighborhood boundaries. This dissertation examines whether the federally funded HOPE VI program influenced performance in neighborhood public schools. In effect since 1992, HOPE VI has sought to revitalize distressed public housing using the New Urbanism model of mixed income communities. There are 165 such HOPE VI projects nationwide. Despite nearly two decades of the program’s implementation, the literature on its connection to public school performance is thin. My dissertation aims to narrow this research gap. There are three principal research questions: (1) Following HOPE VI, was there a change in socioeconomic status (SES) in the neighborhood public school? The hypothesis is that low SES (measured as the proportion of students qualifying for the Free and Reduced Lunch Program) would reduce. (2) Following HOPE VI, did the performance of neighborhood public schools change? The hypothesis is that the school performance, measured by the proportion of 5th grade students proficient in state wide math and reading tests, would increase. (3) What factors relate to the performance of public schools in HOPE VI communities? The focus is on non-school, neighborhood factors that influence the public school performance. For answering the first two questions, I used t-tests and regression models to test the hypotheses. The analysis shows that there is no statistically significant change in SES following HOPE VI. However, there are statistically significant increases in performance for reading and math proficiency. The results are interesting in indicating that HOPE VI neighborhood improvement may have some relationship with improving school performance. To answer the third question, I conducted a case study analysis of two HOPE VI neighborhood public schools, one which improved significantly (in Philadelphia) and one which declined the most (in Washington DC). The analysis revealed three insights into neighborhood factors for improved school performance: (i) a strong local community organization; (ii) local community’s commitment (including the middle income families) to send children to the public school; and (iii) ties between housing and education officials to implement the federal housing program. In essence, the study reveals how housing policy is de facto education policy.

Situada ao sul do município de Santo André e circundada pela Mata Atlântica da Serra do Mar no estado de São Paulo, a Vila Ferroviária de Paranapiacaba está intrinsecamente ligada à construção da primeira ferrovia paulista pela companhia inglesa São Paulo Railway (SPR) que implantou a partir da década de 1860 uma moderna infraestrutura urbanística para a realidade brasileira daquele período. Trata-se de um exemplar pioneiro e único de cidade empresarial planejada, projetada e administrada pela companhia inglesa, que ainda possui remanescentes significativos da tecnologia ferroviária dos sistemas funiculares do século XIX (em vias de extinção) e que tenta preservar sua estrutura urbana e arquitetônica distribuídas pelos três núcleos que compõem a vila. A tese se propõe analisar as possíveis causas da descaracterização e perda gradativa de seu acervo ferroviário e da paisagem urbana e as práticas de intervenção de restauro visando à preservação de seus remanescentes do século XIX, através de uma revitalização voltada para a demanda turística. Foram selecionadas para estudos de caso três exemplares residenciais de tipologia e hierarquia diferenciadas, a serem avaliadas a partir de um referencial teórico das principais correntes do restauro, além das cartas patrimoniais, especialmente a Carta de Veneza (1964). Dentro do contexto do patrimônio industrial latino- americano a tese apresenta ainda, um caso bastante similar e contemporâneo a Vila Ferroviária de Paranapiacaba, que é a localidade de Lota - cidade de mineração no Chile - também inserida no debate patrimonial quanto a sua preservação e de seu acervo industrial das minas de carvão, que busca através da revitalização pelo turismo, a sua permanência enquanto patrimônio industrial chileno. / Situated south of the city of Santo André and surounded by Atlantic Forest of Sera do Mar in São Paulo, the railway Vila of Paranapiacaba is intrinsicaly linked to the construction of the first railway in the State of São Paulo by the English company Sao Paulo Railway (SPR) that implemented, since the decade of 1860, a modern urban infrastructure for the Brazilian reality of that period. This is an example of pioneering and unique city business planned, designed and managed by the British company, which stil has remaining significant funicular railway technology systems from nineteenth century (threatened with extinction). The Vilage tries to preserve its urban and architectural structures, which are distributed in three nuclei that make up the Vila of Paranapiacaba. The thesis analyzes the possible causes of mischaracterization and gradual loss of its railway colection and urban landscape. Also relies its look on the intervention practices of restoration in order to preserve the vilage remaining elements from nineteenth century, through a revitalization focused on tourism demand. Were selected for case studies three residential copies from diferentiated typology and hierarchy, to be evaluated from a theoretical framework of mainstream restoration, in addition to the Conservation and Restoration Charters, especialy the Venice Charter (1964). Within the context of the industrial heritage of Latin America, the thesis also presents a very similar and contemporary case to the railway Vila of Paranapiacaba, which is the town of Lota - mining city in Chile. The town preservation, as well as the conservation of its industrial collection of coal mines, leads Lota to the conservation and restoration debate. Through the touristic demand, the revitalization garantees its permanency as industrial heritage of Chile.

A presente pesquisa propõe uma metodologia para definir e estimar elementos para o melhoramento de rios a partir de limitações locais. A metodologia proposta foi dividida em três etapas: A Avaliação do tipo de melhoramento para a definição de elementos, o levantamento de informações da área de estudo e o processamento das informações para a estimativa dos elementos definidos. A aplicação da metodologia necessitou definir previamente o tipo de melhoramento que se executaria dado a falta de consenso sobre as definições e as intervenções que eles abrangem. Assim, foram definidos os tipos de melhoramentos restauração, reabilitação e remediação que abrange os melhoramentos revitalização e renaturalização. Se observou que a diferença dos demais termos pesquisados, o termo de melhoramento restauração foi o de maior consenso e a partir dele se partiu para definir os demais termos segundo se priorize a estrutura ou a função do ecossistema. Resumidamente, a pesquisa define a restauração como o melhoramento utópico que devolve ao ecossistema ao estado natural imperturbado, reabilitação como o melhoramento que segue o caminho da restauração, revitalização como o melhoramento que aprimora a função do ecossistema e finalmente renaturalização melhoramento que aprimora a estrutura do ecossistema. Já definido o tipo de melhoramento, se aplicou a metodologia proposta para o estudo de caso do trecho desconectado do rio Tubarão, o “rio Morto” observando que para esse caso o melhoramento a ser executado seria de “revitalização” e os elementos a serem avaliados seriam a vazão mínima para manter uma adequada qualidade para irrigação de cereais e a vazão máxima para evitar inundações locais.Os elementos avaliados deram como resultado que as condições atuais do trecho desconectado não seriam suficientes para a revitalização, mas com um incremento e controle das vazões se poderia consegui-lo Por outro lado, se viu que para esse estudo de caso, os constituintes de qualidade da água avaliados estevam influenciados pela eutrofização que o rio apresenta constantemente e que o oxigênio dissolvido foi o parâmetro que limitou a estimativa da vazão mínima para a revitalização. Em quanto a vazão máxima para o trecho desconectado, se observou que ele está relacionado diretamente com o nível do rio Tubarão na confluência deles. / This research proposes a methodology to define and estimate elements for the improvement of rivers from local limitations. The proposed methodology was divided into three stages: the assessment of the type of improvement for the definition of elements, the collection of information from the study area and the information processing for the estimation of the defined elements. The application of the methodology had to define previously the type of improvement that would be implemented given the lack of consensus on the definitions and interventions that they cover. For that, it was defined the improvement terms restoration, rehabilitation and remediation which involve the improvements of revitalization and renaturalization. It was observed that in contrast to the others study terms, the improvement term of restoration was the one with the greater consensus and from it was defined the rest of terms according to prioritize the ecosystem structure or function. Briefly, this research defines restoration as the utopian improvement that returns the ecosystem to its undisturbed natural state, rehabilitation as the improvement that follows the path of restoration, revitalization as the improvement that enhances the ecosystem function and finally renaturation as the improvement that enhances the structure of the ecosystem Once, the type of improvement has been defined, the proposed methodology was applied for the study case of the disconnected path of the Tubarão river noting that in this case the improvement to be performed would be revitalization and the elements to be evaluated would be the minimum flow to maintain an adequate water quality for irrigation of cereals and the maximum flow to avoid local flooding. The elements assessments showed that the current conditions of the disconnected path would not be enough for the revitalization, but with an increase and control of the flow it could be achieve. On the other hand, it was observed that for this case of study, the constituents of water quality evaluated were influenced by the eutrophication that the river presents constantly and that the dissolved oxygen was the parameter that limited the minimum flow estimation for the revitalization. As for the maximum flow for the disconnected path, it was observed that it is directly related to the level of the Tubarão river at the confluence of them.

This master’s thesis examines how the density of food-based businesses in New England’s post-industrial urban neighborhoods relates to neighborhood demographic characteristics. The relationship between food-based businesses and demographic change has been examined in larger metropolitan areas like New York City and Chicago and has found that younger, wealthier, and more highly educated residents tend to live where there are greater densities of food businesses. However, there has been little research on the topic in New England’s post-industrial cities that have historically struggled to attract highly sought knowledge workers. I find that food business density and the share of residents employed in creative class professions is positively correlated in most cases; however, over time, the share of creative class workers and food businesses per capita has a negative relationship. Additionally, the share of residents living below the poverty line and food business densities have a significant and positive relationship. Neighborhood racial composition is a less significant factor, overall. In sum, the findings from this study suggest that food business density and creative class populations have a more nuanced relationship in regional post-industrial cities compared to larger metropolitan areas.

The aim of this thesis is made to propose revitalization of the Fryčajova street. It is elaborated in two ways which are focused on different properties. Priority of variant A is to creat so much parking spaces as is possible. Beside this variant B makes street more safeful for cyclists using pictograms and bicycle path.