Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-15T14:03:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 paulacamilarodriguespinto.pdf: 1768488 bytes, checksum: df991e2e2165a0de75151462b2b03622 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T14:12:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 paulacamilarodriguespinto.pdf: 1768488 bytes, checksum: df991e2e2165a0de75151462b2b03622 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T14:12:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 paulacamilarodriguespinto.pdf: 1768488 bytes, checksum: df991e2e2165a0de75151462b2b03622 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / O diabetes mellitus é considerado uma epidemia mundial pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. Tanto a prevalência, quanto a incidência dos dois tipos principais (1 e 2) têm aumentado a cada ano. No Brasil, observa-se o fenômeno da judicialização para conseguir medicamentos e insumos para o tratamento de diabetes. Há material gratuito, dispensado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde e programas como Farmácia Popular e Aqui Tem Farmácia Popular. No entanto, alguns pacientes recorrem à Justiça para ter acesso ao tratamento prescrito. O estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar o impacto econômico e os custos médicos diretos envolvidos nos processos impetrados pelos pacientes contra o município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, para conseguir insulinas, medicamentos, insumos descartáveis, insumos permanentes e dietas para tratamento de diabetes mellitus. Foram estudadas cópias de processos judiciais deferidos ou deferidos parcialmente, impetrados entre 2009 e 2014 contra a Prefeitura de Juiz de Fora, arquivados na Secretaria de Saúde e na Procuradoria Geral do Município. Analisaram-se 125 processos, com custo médio de R$5.944,44 por paciente, considerando os custos médicos diretos. De acordo com a simulação dos custos, em 2014, foram gastos R$743.055,57 com esses tratamentos de diabetes, ou 9,29% dos R$8 milhões destinados para gastos com judicialização da saúde no município, ou seja, os tratamentos de diabetes mellitus solicitados por via judicial causam impacto econômico para o orçamento de saúde. Os insumos descartáveis e as insulinas foram os maiores custos médicos diretos, respectivamente R$344.818,09 e R$159.410,88. 54,4% das receitas anexadas aos processos são provenientes do SUS; 51,2% dos processos foram representados por um órgão público; 47,2% dos processos continham pedidos em que nenhum dos itens é dispensado gratuitamente; 53,6% dos impetrantes têm diabetes tipo 1; 60,8% são do sexo feminino; 29,6% são adultos; 24,8% são menores; 22,4% são idosos. / Diabetes mellitus is considered a global epidemic by the World Health Organization. Both the prevalence and the incidence of the two main types (1 and 2) have increased each year. In Brazil it is observed a phenomenon called judicialization to achieve drugs and supplies for the treatment of diabetes. There is free material for diabetes treatment in Brazil distributed by the Public Health System and by some assistance programs such as Farmácia Popular and Aqui Tem Farmácia Popular. However, some patients go to court to have access to the treatment prescribed. The study aims to calculate the economic impact and the direct medical costs involved in lawsuits filed by patients against the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, to get insulin, drugs, disposable supplies, permanent suppliet and diet goods for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Copies of granted or granted in part lawsuits filed between 2009 and 2014 against Juiz de Fora City Council have been studied. They were stored in Municipal Health Department and City Attorneys Office. 125 cases were analyzed with an average cost of R$5,944.44 per patient considering direct medical costs. According to the simulation of costs expenditures were R$743,055.57 with these diabetes treatments or 9.29% of R$ 8 million allocated to spending on health judicialization in Juiz de Fora in 2014, having economic impact on the health budget. Disposable supplies and insulin were the highest direct medical costs, respectively R$344,818.09 and R$159,410.88. 54.4% of prescriptions attached to lawsuits were from SUS; 51.2% of the lawsuits had a public defender in charge; 47.2% of the lawsuits required items that are not available free of charge in the public health system; 53.6% of plaintiffs have type 1 diabetes; 60.8% are female; 29.6% are adults; 24.8% aged 0-17; 22.4% are elderly people.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:18:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_jose_antonio.pdf: 4439897 bytes, checksum: 66bfb6a2f3d2b1cf2788e2742eac35f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-23 / The present dissertation is a study of the legal fundaments and the right to health considering the Brazilian Constitutional law, Brazilian Civil Procedure and Critical Discourse Analysis. The general objective consists in investigating the intentions of two judges in the text of their judicial orders and decisions about the same issue in different cases in a period of approximately 48 hours between them. We also analyzed the subjacent ideology in the written words of the judges and the level of subjectivism referring to the different ways they enunciators - utilized the text to the accomplishment of their persuasive arguments considering the existent relation between the text, the co-text and the context. We intended to demonstrate how the enunciative process turns evident the legal fundament establishing between the interlocutors of the linguistic game. The body of the research is constituted of a written judicial order and of two decisions. The methodology adopted considered the dominium of the critical discourse analysis (CDA) with emphasis in the political and ideologic discourse verifying how the linguistics elements conduce to the pretended argumentative orientation in the judicial orders analyzed. The critical discourse analysis makes possible to observe if the decisions were legally fundamented or if there is a deficiency considering the identification of the argumentative operators and of the epistemic models situated in the axis of the subjective idea of who enunciate it. The results found made possible to identify a class of arguments considering the theoretical model developed by Ducrot based in the verbal choices of the judges that turns evident their compromise and the level of intention of each judge / A presente dissertação situa-se no âmbito do direito processual civil brasileiro, do direito constitucional brasileiro e da análise crítica do discurso, no que se refere aos assuntos fundamentação jurídica e direito à saúde. O objetivo geral consiste em investigar as marcas da intencionalidade na superfície textual de duas decisões interlocutórias prolatadas por dois magistrados distintos sobre o mesmo caso concreto num lapso de tempo de aproximadamente 48 horas entre ambas. Busca-se, ainda, analisar de que forma se opera a ideologia subjacente aos dizeres dos magistrados e o grau de subjetividade referente às diversas maneiras como elesenunciadores utilizam-se do texto escrito para a realização de seus argumentos persuasivos, considerando a relação existente entre o texto, o cotexto e o contexto situacional. O processo enunciativo evidencia a fundamentação jurídica, estabelecendo entre os interlocutores um jogo linguístico. O corpus da pesquisa é constituído de um despacho e duas decisões interlocutórias. A metodologia adotada situa-se no domínio da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), com ênfase nos efeitos ideológicos e políticos do discurso, verificando como os elementos linguísticos apontam a orientação argumentativa pretendida nas decisões interlocutórias. A análise crítica do discurso possibilita observar se as decisões interlocutórias foram juridicamente fundamentadas ou se apresentam deficientes, a partir da identificação dos operadores argumentativos e dos modalizadores epistêmicos, situados no eixo da crença de quem enuncia. Como resultados, foi possível identificar uma classe argumentativa, a partir do modelo teórico desenvolvido por Ducrot, baseada nas escolhas verbais dos magistrados, evidenciando o compromisso e o grau de intencionalidade de cada um

"Although the number of new infections has dramatically decreased during the last ten years, portraying this country [Uganda] as the 'AIDS miracle', the number of people already infected and progressing to AIDS is increasing. Acces to anti-retroviral (ARV) drugs, as well as to medicines for treatment of opportunistic infections (TOI), is essential for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to enjoy their right to life and health. Although access to these essentail medicines forms part of the core content of the right to health, which states should be able to provide irrespective of their available resources, slightly more than half of the people in need in Uganda were accessing them in June 2005. Of 63,896 PLWHA accessing ARVs, still 83.5 percent are paying the medicines out of their pockets. This is despite the fact that Uganda receives funds from various sources, among which Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GF) and the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Although the cost of ARV treatment in Uganda has dramatically decreased since 1997, the price of treatment remains still unaffordable for most Ugandans. ... This study comprises five chapters. The present chapter exposes the problem, the objectives of the study and the research questions, reviews the literature available on the subject, outlines the study's structure, proposes a methodology and points out the study's limitations and relevance. Chapter two sets out the international legal framework of the study. It oulines the scope of the right of PLWHA to access to essential treatment under different international instruments of relevance for Uganda and its connection with other human rights. The chapter also assesses the implications of this right for state and non-state actors. Chapter three sets out the national legal, policy and judicial framework. It explores the action taken by the various branches of the government in addressing the international obligations with regard to access essential treatment. This chapter will also look at the role played by other relevant stakeholders in the realisation of this right in Uganda. Chapter four analyses the various obstacles that impede the realisation of this right at national level, taking into account the globalisation process, the political situation of Uganda, as well as other socio-economic factors. Chapter five provides the final conclusions and recommends legal, judicial and administrative channels towards the realisation of the right to access essential treatment for OLWHA in Uganda." -- Introduction. / Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2005. / [Prepared under the supervision of] Dr. Ben Kiromba Twinomugisha, Makerere University / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html / Centre for Human Rights / LLM

and key words ! Thesis: Constitutional limits of statutory regulation of the provision of health care ! Abstract ! The main goal of this thesis is to characterize and analyse the legal regulation concerning the provision and payment of health care under Czech law. This analysis is based mainly on the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms as the foundation for the constitutional perspective. The thesis therefore begins with the constitutional limits of the provision and payment of health care. The right to health care is provided by Article 31 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms, which is the basis for its constitutional provision. As the Charter is a complex document, Article 31 must therefore not be seen as isolated, which is why other Articles are taken under consideration. This provides a complex view of the right to health care in the Czech constitution. The thesis then focuses on the characterization of statutes and executive regulations, which provide the basic right to health care. This part of the thesis is focused mainly on the Public Health Insurance Act, as the most important statue in this area and also on executive regulations based on the Act, which imminently regulate the right to health care. Both of these parts of the thesis serve as a precise...

A presente dissertação investiga os direitos dos pacientes diante dos avanços das novas terapias que, além de tratar e curar as patologias, aprimoram a qualidade e a esperança de vida das pessoas e que, além disso, podem servir para estender a vida artificialmente. Propõe-se estudar as interfaces entre o respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana preconizando-se a adoção de cuidados paliativos ao indivíduo como forma de humanizar a assistência ao paciente em final de vida. Interligando a bioética às polêmicas atuais sobre o início e fim da vida questiona-se sobre o dever do médico de tratamento e assistência frente à necessidade de respeito à autonomia do paciente, diante de uma informação clara e precisa, pois o doente possui todo o direito de autodeterminar-se da forma que julgar mais conveniente a seus próprios interesses. Pretende-se com este trabalho proporcionar uma maior reflexão acerca da temática, considerando-a essencial para uma melhoria da qualidade de vida da população, já que aborda uma fase inevitável para todo o ser humano seu processo de adoecimento aliado a todas as interfaces cotidianas, hoje evidenciadas pela própria bioética. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-28T16:20:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tanise Zago Thomasi.pdf: 497861 bytes, checksum: 5694c2859b67c71a912bff299372de87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-28T16:20:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tanise Zago Thomasi.pdf: 497861 bytes, checksum: 5694c2859b67c71a912bff299372de87 (MD5) / This present dissertation investigates the rights of patients in front of the advances in new therapies, besides treat and cure pathology improve the quality and expectancy of people´s life, but, on the other hand can serve to artificially extend the life. Propose to study the interfaces between the respect of human dignity recommending the adoption of palliative care to the individual as a way of humanizing the patient care at the end of life. Connecting the current bioethical controversies of the beginning and end of life, ask about the duty of the doctor for treatment and assistance in front of the need to respect the autonomy of the patient with a clear and precise information because the patient has the right to decide the way it considers most appropriate to their own interests. Intent with this assignment provide a large reflection on the subject matter, because conclude that is essential to improve quality of life, since it is an inevitable stage in every human life - the process of illness associated with all interfaces daily, today highlighted by the bioethics.

This is a Master´s Degree Dissertation that examines how neoconstitutionalism and post-positivism serve as theoretical frameworks in the grounds of judicial review of public policies related to health treatment. It is noteworthy, too, the normative force of the Constitution and the principle of human dignity as an argument in the realization of social rights. Citing case law and reference to different doctrinal positions, this study further explores how the programmatic standards may provide legal support for the realization of fundamental social rights of individual or collective nature, allowing it to recognize any omissions state that deviate from commitments constitutional assumed by Constituent Power Sourced. It also analyzes the main arguments presented by the Treasury in this kind of control: the violation of the principle of separation of powers and the reserve as possible. In light of the precedents of the Superior Courts, will be presented the understanding that, in the case of health services directed to ensure life, judicial control of public policy is different, and the reserve can only be an obstacle when the situation pled escape of proportionality, which should not be confused with the issue of resources to be spent and its scarcity. Finally, we will argue that judicial review may interfere with the pursuit of an efficient budget planning towards the achievement of public policies for the realization of the Health. / A Dissertação de Mestrado examina como o neoconstitucionalismo e o pós-positivismo servem de marcos teóricos na fundamentação do controle judicial de políticas públicas relacionadas com a saúde terapêutica. Destaca-se, também, a força normativa da Constituição e o princípio da dignidade humana como argumento na efetivação do aludido direito social. Citando jurisprudência e diferentes posições doutrinárias, o presente estudo aprecia ainda como as normas programáticas podem servir de amparo jurídico para a concretização de direitos fundamentais sociais de natureza individual ou coletiva, autorizando a que se reconheçam as eventuais omissões estatais que se afastam dos compromissos constitucionais assumidos pelo Poder Constituinte Originário. Analisa também os principais argumentos apresentados pela Fazenda Pública nessa espécie de controle: a violação do princípio da separação de poderes e da reserva do possível. À luz dos precedentes dos Tribunais Superiores, será apresentado o entendimento de que, no caso de prestações de saúde direcionadas para assegurar a vida, o controle judicial das políticas públicas é diferenciado, sendo que a reserva do possível só será um obstáculo quando a situação pleiteada fugir da proporcionalidade, o que não se confunde com as questões relativas aos recursos a serem gastos e à sua escassez. Por fim, sustentará que o controle judicial poderá interferir na busca de um planejamento orçamentário eficiente em prol da concretização de políticas públicas voltadas para a realização dos direitos à Saúde.

A presente dissertação investiga os direitos dos pacientes diante dos avanços das novas terapias que, além de tratar e curar as patologias, aprimoram a qualidade e a esperança de vida das pessoas e que, além disso, podem servir para estender a vida artificialmente. Propõe-se estudar as interfaces entre o respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana preconizando-se a adoção de cuidados paliativos ao indivíduo como forma de humanizar a assistência ao paciente em final de vida. Interligando a bioética às polêmicas atuais sobre o início e fim da vida questiona-se sobre o dever do médico de tratamento e assistência frente à necessidade de respeito à autonomia do paciente, diante de uma informação clara e precisa, pois o doente possui todo o direito de autodeterminar-se da forma que julgar mais conveniente a seus próprios interesses. Pretende-se com este trabalho proporcionar uma maior reflexão acerca da temática, considerando-a essencial para uma melhoria da qualidade de vida da população, já que aborda uma fase inevitável para todo o ser humano seu processo de adoecimento aliado a todas as interfaces cotidianas, hoje evidenciadas pela própria bioética. / This present dissertation investigates the rights of patients in front of the advances in new therapies, besides treat and cure pathology improve the quality and expectancy of people´s life, but, on the other hand can serve to artificially extend the life. Propose to study the interfaces between the respect of human dignity recommending the adoption of palliative care to the individual as a way of humanizing the patient care at the end of life. Connecting the current bioethical controversies of the beginning and end of life, ask about the duty of the doctor for treatment and assistance in front of the need to respect the autonomy of the patient with a clear and precise information because the patient has the right to decide the way it considers most appropriate to their own interests. Intent with this assignment provide a large reflection on the subject matter, because conclude that is essential to improve quality of life, since it is an inevitable stage in every human life - the process of illness associated with all interfaces daily, today highlighted by the bioethics.

Text in Afrikaans / The Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 29 November 1989. Included in the inherent rights set out in the Convention is the right to the highest attainable standard of health. In implementing the Convention states parties must refer to the requirements of article 2 of the Convention, which places them under a duty to respect and ensure the rights in the Convention to each child. The term “respect” implies a duty of good faith to refrain from actions which would breach the Convention. The “duty to ensure”, however, requires states parties to take whatever measures are necessary in order to enable children to enjoy their rights. A state party must also review its legislation in order to ensure that domestic law is consistent with the Convention. South Africa showed commitment to protecting and promoting children’s health when it ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1995 and subsequently adopted the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, which includes provisions guaranteeing the health rights of children. South Africa also showed commitment to give legislative effect to the protection and promotion of children’s health by reviewing the Health Act 63 of 1977 (reviewed as the National Health Act 61 of 2003) and the Child Care Act 74 of 1983 (reviewed as the Children’s Act 38 of 2005). The review of the Child Care Act 74 of 1983 revealed that the act is virtually silent on the issue of child health. This led to the decision to identify and evaluate existing policy and legislation, as well as pending relevant law reform and policy affecting child health in order to assess how well South African legislation addresses the issue. The research showed that although much legislation exists, none provides comprehensively for child health rights. The legislation that does exist contains obvious gaps. Most importantly, there is no reference to the core minimum requirements for the state in providing for the health of children, particularly in the way of health services and nutrition. Further, there is a complete lack of legislation which protects the health needs of disabled children. A comparative study was also undertaken. Legislation of India and Canada were evaluated in order to make recommendations as to how the gaps in South African legislation can be rectified. However, the research showed that South Africa has made far more significant progress in promoting a rightsbased approach to children’s health in legislation. In order to ensure that the health rights of children are protected and promoted, I propose more comprehensive legislative protection. / Private Law / LL.D.

Section 27(1)(a) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, entrenches everyone's right of access to health care services. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine the manner in which this right must be interpreted and implemented in order to alleviate poverty to the optimal extent possible, in South Africa. As a point of departure, the relationship between poverty and health, as well as the theoretical basis of poverty, is addressed in terms of soft law. Thereafter, the theoretical basis of the right of access to health care service is analysed and explained from both an international and a South African perspective. This is followed by an investigation into international law. The manner in which the United Nations International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is interpreted and implemented and whether or not this contributes to poverty alleviation, is investigated. This is followed by an analysis of the right in terms of the Constitution and case law. Particular attention is paid to the manner in which the courts interpret the right of access to health care services. It is then determined whether the state is implementing the right in such a manner as to contribute to the optimal alleviation of poverty, in South Africa. Finally, a conclusion is reached and recommendations are made as to ways in which the right can be interpreted and implemented to reduce poverty to the optimal extent possible, in South Africa. / Thesis (LL.M.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Section 27(1)(a) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, entrenches everyone's right of access to health care services. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine the manner in which this right must be interpreted and implemented in order to alleviate poverty to the optimal extent possible, in South Africa. As a point of departure, the relationship between poverty and health, as well as the theoretical basis of poverty, is addressed in terms of soft law. Thereafter, the theoretical basis of the right of access to health care service is analysed and explained from both an international and a South African perspective. This is followed by an investigation into international law. The manner in which the United Nations International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is interpreted and implemented and whether or not this contributes to poverty alleviation, is investigated. This is followed by an analysis of the right in terms of the Constitution and case law. Particular attention is paid to the manner in which the courts interpret the right of access to health care services. It is then determined whether the state is implementing the right in such a manner as to contribute to the optimal alleviation of poverty, in South Africa. Finally, a conclusion is reached and recommendations are made as to ways in which the right can be interpreted and implemented to reduce poverty to the optimal extent possible, in South Africa. / Thesis (LL.M.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.