Memoria para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Eléctrico / El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal la predicción de robos de vehículos en la ciudad Santiago de Chile, mediante la confección de un modelo de Redes Neuronales que se alimente de información gráfica, socioeconómica y temporal de un sector geográfico de robo. Para ello se utiliza la base de edatos de robos de vehículos de la Asociación de aseguradoras de autos de Chile (AACH), y a cada muestra se le asignan cuatro imágenes de Google Street View, 15 características socioeconómicas extraídas del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) y de la Infraestructura de Datos Geospaciales de Chile (IDE), en conjunto con la temperatura en la fecha del incidente y la cantidad de incidentes cercanos que ocurren en el mes anterior. Esta memoria está enmarcada en el proyecto Fondef ID16I10222, liderado por los profeso- res Richard Webe y Ángel Jiménez del departamento de Ingeniería Industrial de la Univer- sidad de Chile. Para alcanzar el objetivo señalado al comienzo ,se propone un modelo de red neuronal alimentado por joint features y deep features; esto es que la red neuronal aprende de dis- tintos formatos de información como lo son datos estadísticos e imágenes. Además, en el caso de las imágenes, no son utilizadas directamente sino que se extraen carecterísticas de ellas, mediante una segunda red convolucional denominada Alexnet. Para entrenar la red es necesario disponer de zonas seguras, para lo cual se organiza la base de datos de ro- bos por fecha y se agrupa por mes, períodos en los cuales se denotan como zonas seguras aquellas que en el presente mes no posean a la redonda de 500 metros una ubicación de robos. El principal resultado esperado de la aplicación de este modelo es la obtención de proba- bilidades por zonas en una grilla de 0.01 grados de latitud y longitud sobre Santiago de Chile que puede ser representado como un heatmap de riesgo en la ciudad. Del modelo presentado, utilizando el conjunto completo de características se obtiene un 97.7% de accuracy, un 95% de precisión , un 98.9% de recall y un 97% de F1. Además al hacer reducción de características mediante Recursive feature selection y seleccionar las principales 1000 características, se obtiene un 92.96 % de accuracy, un 93.46 % de precisión, un 92.09 % de recall y un 92.77 % de F1. Con esto se concluye que el desempeño del modelo propuesto efectivamente permite una alta tasa de clasificación y además permite la creación de una representación gráfica. / Fondef 16I10222

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / En este trabajo se analiza de qué manera los Tribunales de Juicio Oral en lo Penal y las Cortes de Apelaciones han resuelto aquellos casos en que los delitos de homicidio o robo con intimidación se cometen con armas de fuego, luego de que se promulgara la reforma a la Ley de Control de Armas, la cual determina que se aplique el concurso material según el art. 74 de nuestro Código Penal cuando concurren delitos comunes junto con delitos tipificados en este mismo texto legal. Se logra verificar que existe una tendencia mayoritaria por parte de los tribunales de aplicar el artículo 17 B inciso 1 sin hacer uso de otras consideraciones dogmáticas ni aplicar otras importantes disposiciones que permiten una interpretación más garantista del ordenamiento jurídico penal chileno, tales como el art. 63 que establece la prohibición de doble valoración. Para ello se hizo un análisis comparativo de cómo se resolvían este tipo de delitos antes de la reforma, y se concluyó en el desarrollo de distintas posiciones doctrinales al respecto.

Memoria para optar al grado de Licenciado en Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales / La Ley 20.931, publicada en el Diario Oficial del 5 de julio de 2016, eliminó la agravante especial de pluralidad de malhechores del Art. 456 bis N°3 del Código Penal (“CP”), al mismo tiempo que introdujo una agravante especial de contenido normativo similar mediante el Art. 449 bis CP, y estableció en el Art. 449 CP reglas especiales de determinación de la pena para delitos de hurto y robo, más gravosas que las reglas generales contenidas en los Arts. 65 a 69 CP. Lo anterior generó un problema de aplicación de ley penal en el tiempo, respecto de los delitos de hurto y robo en que concurría la agravante suprimida cometidos antes del 5 de julio del 2016, pero juzgados con posterioridad a dicha fecha; referente a la posibilidad de formar lex tertia al tener por suprimida la agravante del Art. 456 bis N°3 CP, pero aplicando las reglas generales de determinación de la pena – menos gravosas –. Igual discusión se produjo frente a solicitudes de adecuación de la pena, interpuestas en favor de condenados a quienes se les había aplicado la agravante suprimida. El objetivo de esta tesis es doble. En primer lugar, clarificar las alternativas doctrinarias relativas a la posibilidad de formar lex tertia: (1) la tesis de la estricta alternatividad, contraria a la formación de lex tertia, dominante en la doctrina chilena; (2) la tesis irrestrictamente favorable a la formación de lex tertia, que cuenta con importantes defensores en la doctrina alemana; y (3) la tesis limitada o restrictivamente favorable a la formación de lex tertia, defendida por Antonio Bascuñán. En segundo lugar, revisar la jurisprudencia relativa a la aplicación de las reformas introducidas por la Ley 20.931 en el Código Penal, para identificar el criterio sobre formación de lex tertia con que han fallado los tribunales de justicia

This study examines the theatrical representation of the stealing of children during the last dictatorships in Spain and in Argentina in Laila Ripoll's Los niños perdidos and Patricia Suárez's Astianacte: una máscara del amor under the lenses of the concepts of trauma, myth and memory. Following the theories suggested by Freud, Adorno, Whitehead, Reyes Mate and others, the first chapter discusses the representation of the psychological traumas left by the dictatorial practices left not only on the minds of individuals but also on both nations as whole entities. While Ripoll invites her audience to reflect upon the consequences of the Spanish Civil War and franquism, Patricia Suárez urges her spectators to doubt about their own identity if they were born during the last dictatorship in Argentina. In chapter two, the concepts advanced by Barthes, Reig Tapia and Moreno-Nuño help explore the ways in which the playwrights condemn the legitimizing myths that gave birth to these dictatorial regimes. Both authors subvert these fictional stories, mainly by the use of sarcasm and humor. By means of the concepts of memory supported by Benjamin, Todorov, Nora and Juliá, the third chapter examines the need to let the traditionally silenced voices tell their version of the historical events. Ripoll and Suárez warn their audiences that it is impossible to achieve one collective national memory because there are individual conflicting memories that stem from the personal experience of the traumatic events.

<p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function when produced in physiological ranges. Important sources of cellular ROS include NADPH oxidases (Nox), which are evolutionarily conserved multi-subunit transmembrane proteins. Nox-mediated ROS regulate a variety of biological processes including stem cell proliferation and differentiation, calcium signaling, cell migration, and immunity. ROS participate in intracellular signaling by introducing post-translational modifications to proteins and thereby altering their functions. The central nervous system (CNS) expresses different Nox isoforms during both development and adulthood. There is now emerging evidence that Nox-derived ROS also control neuronal development and pathfinding. Our lab has recently shown that retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from <i>nox2</i> mutant zebrafish exhibit pathfinding errors. However, whether Nox could act downstream of receptors for axonal growth and guidance cues is presently unknown. To investigate this question, we conducted a detailed characterization of the zebrafish <i>nox2</i> mutants that were previously established in our group. Abnormal axon projections were found throughout the CNS of the <i>nox2 </i>mutant zebrafish. Anterior commissural axons failed proper fasciculation, and aberrant axon projections were detected in the dorsal longitudinal fascicle of the spinal cord. We showed that the major brain regions are intact and that the early development of CNS is not significantly altered in <i>nox2 </i>mutants. Hence, the axonal deficits in <i>nox2</i> mutants are not due to general developmental problems, and Nox2 plays a role in axonal pathfinding and targeting. Next, we investigated whether Nox2 could act downstream of slit2/Robo2-mediated guidance during RGC pathfinding. We found that slit2-mediated RGC growth cone collapse was abolished in <i>nox2 </i>mutants <i>in vitro</i>. Further, ROS biosensor imaging showed that slit2 treatment increased growth cone hydrogen peroxide levels via mechanisms through Nox2 activation. Finally, we investigated the possible relationship between slit2/Robo2 and Nox2 signaling <i>in vivo</i>. <i>Astray/nox2</i> double heterozygous mutant larvae exhibited decreased tectal area as opposed to individual heterozygous mutants, suggesting both Nox2 and Robo2 are required for the establishment of retinotectal connections. Our results suggest that Nox2 is part of a signal transduction pathway downstream of slit2/Robo2 interaction regulating axonal guidance cell-autonomously in developing zebrafish retinal neurons.</p>

El sistema penitenciario peruano se encuentra en crisis. Los centros penitenciarios hoy día son vistos como lugares donde se mantienen a los reos para castigarlos y rebajarlos a categorías infrahumanas. Los brotes de violencia al interior de los establecimientos penitenciarios dejan al descubierto serias inconsistencias y problemas profundos que ameritan una pronta solución por parte del Estado y la sociedad en su conjunto, con gran incidencia de población juvenil recluida por el delito de robo agravado. Para el análisis y estudio de la actual situación carcelaria en nuestro país se requiere un estudio y propuesta integral y multidisciplinaria, que nos permitirá establecer los presupuestos básicos del sistema científico individualizado de la pena, acorde con el respeto a los derechos fundamentales del reo y a su dignidad como persona, en un régimen abierto y con la implementación de programas más cercanos al tratamiento penitenciario.

Robo-advisory is a new service in the financial market and is designed to support financial decisions. Previous researches show that attitudes toward robo-advisory are an important aspect of their acceptance, and therefore this study is designed to investigate how the attitudes to robo-advisory is affected by five chosen factors. Previous studies also show a lack of financial literacy in young women leading to poor investment decisions. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to study how the factors influence the attitudes toward robo-advisors from a perspective of a young women in order to see if robo-advisory could be used as a substitute for financial literacy. This qualitative research was conducted on ten young women age​ 20-30. The collected data has then been transcribed, and then analyzed based on a content analysis with categories created for the purpose of the survey. The result shows that without financial literacy or previous use of robo-advisory in their social circle, the perception of risk and trust for robo-advisory is unlikely to change. It also shows that previous bad experience of robot-based systems affect the attitude toward robo-advisory negatively. This research can be useful in the design of robo-advisory and how to shape the service to get this target group to start using it. Because attitudes have a major impact on the use of the service, the results of this survey are a good basis for companies to relate to.

BAKGRUND: Den automatiserade ekonomiska rådgivningen i form av robotrådgivning är ett nytt fenomen som funnits på den svenska marknaden i knappt 15 år. Den tidigare populära traditionella rådgivningen har i takt med robotrådgivningens framfart fått ett konkurrenskraftigt alternativ. Förtroende anses vara en av de viktigaste aspekterna för individen när det kommer till valet av ekonomisk rådgivare, men trots att flera studier gjorts inom förtroendeområdet vid ekonomisk rådgivning saknas det fortfarande kunskap om vilka faktorer som förklarar förtroendet till robotrådgivning. Således finns incitament för att täcka den kunskapslucka som idag finns gällande individer som ej aktivt använder sig av robotrådgivare.    SYFTE: Syftet med studien är att skapa förståelse kring vilka faktorer som förklarar svenska individers förtroende till robotrådgivning utifrån ett icke-användande perspektiv, samt hur dessa faktorer främjar eller hämmar förtroendet till tjänsten.   GENOMFÖRANDE: Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer med individer som ej aktivt använder robotrådgivning men som ändå besitter kunskap om hur tjänsten fungerar. Respondenterna fick genom intervjuerna besvara fördjupande frågor om specifika förtroendefaktorer samt hur de uppfattar förtroendet till robotrådgivning.   SLUTSATS: Studiens resultat utifrån den insamlade empirin visade att respondenterna har ett högt förtroende till robotrådgivning där kompetens och följdriktighet visade sig vara de främst främjande faktorerna till förtroendet. Kommunikation var delvis främjande, delvis hämmande, medan medkänslan i och med sin avsaknad vid robot-rådgivning framhävdes som en svagt främjande faktor. Anseende, bemötande, kostnad och transparens lyftes också som förklarande förtroendefaktorer till robotrådgivning. / BACKGROUND: The automated financial advisor in the form of robo-advisors is a new phenomenon that has existed in the Swedish market for almost 15 years. The already popular traditional financial advisory has, in step with the progress of robo-advisory, been given a competitive alternative. Trust is considered as one of the most important aspects for the individual when it comes to choosing financial advisors, but despite several studies done in the area of ​​trust in financial advisory, there is still a lack of knowledge about which factors are explaining trust in robo-advisory. Thus, there are incentives to cover the knowledge gap that currently exists for individuals who do not actively use robo-advisory.   AIM: The aim with this thesis is to gain knowledge about which factors are explaining individuals’ trust in robo-advisors from a non-user perspective, as well as to investigate in what way these factors might enable or disable the trust in the service.    COMPLETION: To fulfill the aim of this study, a qualitative method has been implemented through semi-structured interviews with individuals that do not actively use a robo-advisor. Through the interviews, the respondents were asked to answer in-depth questions about specific trust factors and how they perceive the trust in robo-advisory.   CONCLUSION: The overall results of the study based on the collected empirical data showed that the respondents have a high level of trust in robo-advisory, where competence and consistency proved to be the main enabling factors for trust. Communication was partly enabling, partly disabling, while compassion, due to its lack within robo-advisory, was emphasized as a vague promoting factor. Reputation, treatment, cost and transparency were also highlighted as explanatory factors of trust in robo-advisory.

<p>The Slit morphogen is a secreted glycoprotein that is naturally cleaved into two fragments. The amino fragment (N-Slit) contains Leucine Rich Repeats (LRR) that are recognised by Robo receptors, and is sufficient to mediate attractive or repellent signalling in <em>Drosophila </em>tissues, for example, during growth cone guidance at the midline of the nervous system. The carboxy fragment (C-Slit) is composed of EGF repeats and a Laminin-like globular domain. Although C-Slit expression does not restore repellent signalling, it does rescue other morphogenetic defects in <em>slit</em> mutants.</p> <p>Formation of the dorsal vessel (or heart) requires function of <em>slit</em> and <em>robo</em>. Slit is required for coordinated migration of heart cell precursors, cell polarisation and the formation of a lumen in the heart tube. We have characterised the morphogenetic activities of N- Slit and C-Slit during assembly of the heart.</p> <p>Our laboratory has shown that Slit transgenes lacking the LRR region fail to rescue the mutant phenotype in the nervous system. However, <em>slit</em> trangenes lacking the LRR results in a partial rescue phenotype in the heart suggesting that C-Slit might have functional significance in the heart. Therefore, Slit function in heart vasculogenesis has different requirements compared to the nervous system. For example, Slit –Robo2 interaction may have an adhesive function in addition to a signalling function during vasculogenesis.</p> <p>Our results indicate that C-Slit funtions as a heart morphogen. In <em>slit</em> mutants, over-expression of C-Slit results in a partial rescue phenotype with several features such as cell clumping, overlapping of cells and cells which are elongated. Together, these data suggest alternative functions for Slit during heart morphogenesis.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)

<p>I have put my half title as the main thesis title here. I would like to use that as the title displayed online.</p> / <p>The Drosophila heart arises from two bilateral rows of cardioblasts (CB) that migratedorsally towards the midline and contact their contralateral partners to form the dorsal vessel.Generally, migrating cells rely on the extensions at the leading edge domain. Like other migratingcells, we show that the leading edge of the CBs extends finger-like processes which might play arole in sensing guidance cues during guided migration. Expressing an mCherry-Moesin transgenein the CBs enabled us to characterise the dynamic nature and genetic requirements of thesefilopodial processes. While studying the role of filopodial activity during heart assembly weobserved that CBs extended cellular protrusions towards the internalizing amnioserosa cells.Filopodial activity is low during migration, and rises when the CBs are near the amnioserosacells. However, filopodial contacts are stabilized by interaction with contralateral CBs, not theamnioserosa cells. CB cell bodies can contact their contra lateral partners only after theamnioserosa is fully internalized. We propose that filopodia are generated in response to thepresence of sensory guidance molecules excreted by the amnioserosa cells.Robo/Slit signalling has been previously shown to play a role in CB migration, adhesionand lumen formation. Additionally, studies have shown that Robo/Slit signalling plays a role infilopodial extension in the Drosophila nervous system development. We observed that in embryosin which Robo signaling in the CBs was reduced or absent, the CBs were less active at the LE. Inaddition, the migration speed of CBs in mutant embryos was notably decreased. Based on theseresults, we hypothesize that Robo/Slit signaling plays a role in filopodial extensions.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)