Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-09-01T14:33:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lígia Baruch de Figueiredo.pdf: 1298049 bytes, checksum: 781f6aa407bcee4b9c0d711e3eacf7ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-01T14:33:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lígia Baruch de Figueiredo.pdf: 1298049 bytes, checksum: 781f6aa407bcee4b9c0d711e3eacf7ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The overall objective of this Thesis was to understand the use unmarried adult women (single, widowed or separated) are doing of partner search applications. The theoretical contributions were the critical studies of gender and the theory of romantic attachment. The method was qualitative and the instrument used was the interview. Semi-directed interviews were conducted with five women over 35 years of urban middle class with high educational levels and adepts of new technologies, which reported their experiences of the use and their perceptions about the impact of applications of meetings in the contemporary relationships. The results led to the formulation of a proposal for three styles of usage of applications partner search: the curious use, recreational use and rational use. As for the impact on the formation of romantic relationships we observed that these widen the possibilities for meetings for different purposes. Applications for meetings also highlighted some aspects of contemporary romantic relationships, such as greater exposure, quantity and speed interactions, persistent romantic ideas updated through adaptations, and belief in technology, rationality and self-knowledge for a better partner selection. The dating applications are valid resources and increasingly popular in searching loving partnership. In general its uses reflect the typified behaviors of gender of our society, but also they facilitate the emergence of more recreational female sexual behaviors, which can contribute for greater equality between genders / O objetivo geral desta Tese foi compreender o uso que mulheres adultas não casadas (solteiras, viúvas ou separadas) estão fazendo de aplicativos de busca de parceiros. Os aportes teóricos foram os estudos críticos de gênero e a teoria do apego romântico. O método foi qualitativo e o instrumento utilizado foi a entrevista. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-dirigidas com cinco mulheres acima dos 35 anos das camadas médias urbanas, com altos níveis educacionais e adeptas das novas tecnologias, que relataram suas experiências de uso e suas percepções a respeito do impacto dos aplicativos para encontros nos relacionamentos contemporâneos. Os resultados levaram à formulação de uma proposta de três estilos de uso dos aplicativos para busca de parceiros: o uso curioso, o uso recreativo e o uso racional. Quanto ao impacto na formação dos relacionamentos amorosos observamos que os aplicativos ampliam as possibilidades de encontros para diferentes propósitos. Os aplicativos para encontros também colocam em destaque alguns aspectos dos relacionamentos amorosos contemporâneos, tais como: maior exposição, quantidade e velocidade nas interações, ideias românticas persistentes e atualizadas por meio de adaptações e crença na tecnologia, na racionalidade e no autoconhecimento para uma melhor seleção de parceiro. Os aplicativos de encontros são recursos válidos e cada vez mais populares para a busca de parceria amorosa. De maneira geral seus usos refletem os comportamentos tipificados de gênero da nossa sociedade, mas também facilitam a emergência de comportamentos sexuais femininos mais recreativos, o que pode contribuir para uma maior equidade entre os gêneros

Relationship satisfaction is positively related to life satisfaction and subjective well-being. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate what features that may explain satisfaction and dissatisfaction in friendship versus romantic relationships, and to compare the results. This study also aimed to examine the association between perceived loneliness and the degree of satisfaction in friendship versus romantic relationships. A questionnaire was distributed to a group of 93 university students between the ages of 18 to 41 years. Through thematic analysis it was found that balance, communication, closeness, support, trust, understanding, safety and conflict management were satisfying features in both types of relationships. Lacks of these features were found to be dissatisfying. Other dissatisfying features in romantic relationships were worry, lack of time and stress and in friendship relationships feelings of alienation and superficial relationships were dissatisfying features. Statistical analyses showed a negative association between friendship satisfaction and perceived loneliness. A tendency to a similar association with romantic relationship satisfaction emerged. Yet, there were also indications of the reverse in regard to romantic relationship satisfaction. Moreover, the possibility that friendship relationships might be more important than romantic relationships for university students in order for them not to feel lonely was discussed. / Relationstillfredsställelse har ett positivt samband med livstillfredsställelse och subjektivt välmående. Huvudsyftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka faktorer som skulle kunna förklara tillfredsställelse såväl som otillfredsställelse i vänskaps- respektive kärleksrelationer, samt jämföra dessa resultat. Studien ämnade även undersöka sambandet mellan upplevd ensamhet och graden av tillfredsställelse i vänskaps- respektive kärleksrelationer. En enkät delades ut till 93 universitetsstudenter i åldrarna 18-41 år. Genom tematisk analys framkom balans, kommunikation, närhet, stöd, tillit, förståelse, trygghet och konflikthantering som tillfredsställande faktorer i de båda relationstyperna. Brist på dessa faktorer framkom som otillfredsställande. Andra otillfredsställande faktorer i kärleksrelationer var oro, tidsbrist och stress medan känslor av utanförskap och ytliga relationer framkom som otillfredsställande i vänskapsrelationer. Statistiska analyser påvisade ett negativt samband mellan tillfredsställelse i vänskapsrelationer och upplevd ensamhet. Tendenser till ett liknande samband med tillfredsställelse i kärleksrelationer kunde ses. Trots detta fanns även indikationer för ett motsatt samband gällande tillfredsställelse i kärleksrelationer. Dessutom diskuterades möjligheten att vänskapsrelationer kan vara av större betydelse än kärleksrelationer för att universitetsstudenter inte ska känna sig ensamma.

Este trabalho investiga como as ideias românticas foram introduzidas na Itália após 1816. Isso é feito através da análise de artigos do periódico milanês Il Conciliatore. Esse jornal literário circulou em Milão de setembro de 1818 a outubro de 1819 e teve entre seus colaboradores Silvio Pellico, Giovanni Berchet, Ermes Visconti entre vários outros. Nosso objetivo é abordar o nosso objeto de estudo em duas perspectivas: nós exploramos o papel de Il Conciliatore como difusor das concepções românticas na Itália e procuramos, através de seus artigos, reconstruir algumas visões históricas contemporâneas ao período da Restauração Italiana. / This work investigates how romantic ideas were introduced in Italy after 1816. It is done through the analysis of articles from the Milanese periodic Il Conciliatore. This literary newspaper circulated in Milan from September 1818 to October 1819, having as its contributors Silvio Pellico, Giovanni Berchet, Ermes Visconti among a lot of others. Our aim is to approach our studying object by two perspectives: we explore Il Conciliatores role in spreading romantic conceptions in Italy and we seek through its articles to reconstruct some historical views contemporary to the Italian Restauration period.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-11-14T11:47:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Graziele Campos da Silva.pdf: 707150 bytes, checksum: ec701d3914a6c7cb058d48aa2056974a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-14T11:47:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Graziele Campos da Silva.pdf: 707150 bytes, checksum: ec701d3914a6c7cb058d48aa2056974a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The polyamorist proposal defends "new" ways to establish relationships, aiming nonhierarchical interactions and mutual cooperation, seeking to guarantee women sexualaffective freedom, assuming that monogamy is a prison and that romantic love must be fought. To distinguish itself from the other modalities of open relationship throughout history and the open relations of contemporaneity, the polyamory puts emphasis on love. Other highlights include freedom, equality, negotiation and communication. The aim of this work is to locate the discourse of romantic love within the polyamorist narrative, based on the analysis of feminist theory, starting from the questioning: Does polyamor practice disrupt romantic love? There are two axes that lead us to consider that it doesn’t: love remains at the center of the project of women’s life and there is no equality in relationships. This is a qualitative research, based on the follow-up of the virtual groups of discussion of Facebook, participant observation in group "Poliafetividade" and the analysis of four in-depth interviews of polyamorist women / A proposta poliamorista defende “novas” formas de se relacionar, visando interações não hierárquicas e de cooperação mútua, buscando garantir à mulher sua liberdade sexual-afetiva, pressupondo que a monogamia é uma prisão e que o amor romântico deve ser combatido. Para se distinguir das outras modalidades de relacionamento aberto ao longo da história e das relações abertas da contemporaneidade, o poliamor põe ênfase no amor. Outros elementos destacados são: liberdade, igualdade, negociação e comunicação. O objetivo deste trabalho é localizar o discurso do amor romântico dentro da narrativa poliamorista, tendo como base de análise a teoria feminista, partindo da premissa de que a prática do poliamor não descontrói o amor romântico. Dois eixos nos levam a essas considerações: o amor permanece no centro do projeto de vida e não há igualdade nas relações. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada a partir do acompanhamento dos grupos virtuais de discussão do Facebook, da observação participante no grupo “Poliafetividade” e da análise de quatro entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres poliamoristas

Att använda berättelser som undervisningsmetod är ingen nyhet i skolan. Däremot har metoden, av tradition, inte varit så vanlig i NO-undervisningen. På senare tid lyfts, i såväl skoldebatt som forskning, elevers svårigheter med begreppsutveckling i de naturvetenskapliga ämnena. En orsak till problemen, menar många, är att elever inte finner naturvetenskapen meningsfull. StoryTelling är ett undervisningsmaterial och ett arbetssätt uppbyggt kring historiska berättelser kring ett naturvetenskapligt innehåll. Läraren gestaltar till exempel en historisk forskare och i rollen som forskaren berättar hen om sitt arbete. Det primära syftet med StoryTelling är att beskriva naturvetenskapernas karaktär. Jag blev dock intresserad av att undersöka om berättelserna också skulle kunna bidra till att utveckla elevernas begreppsförståelse. Detta har jag i den här studien undersökt genom att berätta berättelsen från materialet i en mellanstadieklass. Jag utgår i min studie från Egans teori om hur "romantic understanding" kan stödja kognitiv utveckling från en konkret och kontextberoende förståelse av omvärlden till naturvetenskapliga, generella förklaringsmodeller. Jag har filmat fyra elevgruppers diskussioner om vakuum och tryck före och efter att jag berättade en berättelse där jag iklädde mig rollen som Otto von Guericke. Gruppdiskussionerna har analyserats utifrån gruppernas användning av nya begrepp och förklaringar samt nya gester och bildliga uttryck. Samtliga grupper förändrar, i större eller mindre utsträckning, sina förklaringar kring vakuum efter att ha tagit del av min berättelse. En del grupper använder också gester och bildliga uttryck från berättelsen under sina diskussioner. Resultaten indikerar att StoryTelling kan vara ett stöd för att utveckla elevers begreppsförståelse i naturvetenskap.

Media use may have the potential to influence romantic relationships, depending on the context of media use. For example, pathological media use, which includes symptoms of addiction such as relapse, withdrawal, and conflict with family and friends over media use, may be particularly damaging to romantic relationships. Additionally, research shows that pathological video game use can negatively influence factors of mental health, including depression. The current study includes 183 heterosexual couples from the Eastern United States. Both members of each couple completed online surveys answering questions regarding pathological media use, depression, and relationship satisfaction. Results showed that male pathological video game use was not associated with female romantic relationship satisfaction. Additionally, male pathological video game use was associated with increased levels of male depression, and male depression was associated with increased levels of female relationship satisfaction. However, male depression did not mediate the relation between male pathological video game use and female relationship satisfaction. Discussion focuses on the implications of pathological video game use on mental health, as well as problems within the sample, measurement, and short-term longitudinal study design.

Sleep is not a solitary activity for the majority of adults, this impacts sleep quality, health, and well-being. Couples experience sleep concordance, or a synchronization of sleep-wake times, which can improve and diminish sleep quality (Gunn et al., 2015). This study explores the association between sleep concordance and sleep quality by examining attachment style as a moderator. Daily sleep diaries were completed by 179 heterosexual couples. Sleep concordance was calculated by dividing total time partners were in bed together by total time at least one partner was in bed each day. Data were analyzed using a multilevel model described by Bolger and Laurenceau (2013). There was a positive association between daily sleep concordance and sleep quality for men. Women with higher secure attachment style scores reported greater sleep quality, and women with higher insecure attachment style scores reported lower sleep quality. Among women with higher secure attachment style scores and lower avoidant attachment style scores there was a negative association between mean sleep concordance and sleep quality. There was no association between sleep concordance and sleep quality for higher anxious attachment scores. Future research is needed to address causal relationships. Findings indicate men and women may experience sleep concordance differently.

Although humans engage in committed, long-term pair bonds, many romantic relationships end because one partner no longer desires to be in the relationship. Much of the literature on romantic relationship psychology and behavior has focused on mechanisms related to maintaining a partner. Mate retention behavior functions to deter romantic partners from defection and fend off potential alternative partners. However, when individuals are in a relationship where the costs of remaining in the relationship outweigh the benefits of leaving the relationship, mate expulsion, not retention, may be the desired goal. The present thesis examines mate expulsion behavior and psychology with the goal of developing a measure of mate expulsion to parallel a widely-used measure of mate retention. In my pilot studies, participants (n= 103) nominated behaviors and tactics that people use to reduce commitment in and terminate relationships. I identified 168 unique mate expulsion behaviors from these nominations that fell in the following four categories:signaling a lack of commitment to their partner, signaling their availability to others potential partners, extracting oneself from shared relationship commitments or investments, and reducing dependency on one’s partner or relationship. A separate set of participants (n= 131) rated the frequency with which they had used the behaviors, or had seen their partner use the behaviors, in their actual past break-ups. This procedure reduced the list of utilized tactics to 51 mate expulsion behaviors. A third set of participants (n = 290) in relationships rated the frequency with which they engaged in the 51 behaviors in their current relationship and completed measures of relationships satisfaction and mate retention. As expected, mate expulsion was negatively related to relationship satisfaction. I conducted a preliminary factor analysis using these data, which revealed 7 clusters of mate expulsion behavior: For my thesis, I collected a larger, less gender-biased sample to 1) confirm the factor structure of the mate expulsion inventory and 2) examine the relationships between the mate expulsion inventory, mate retention, and relationship satisfaction. Participants (n = 410) completed the Couple Satisfaction Index-16, the Mate Retention Inventory Short-Form, and the Mate Expulsion Inventory. Mate expulsion was again negatively correlated with relationship satisfaction and a similar, small positive correlation was replicated between mate expulsion and mate retention. My hypothesized model for the confirmatory factor analysis was acceptable but not excellent. I attempted several modifications to improve the measures of fit. Ultimately, the best model included the removal of specific items and eliminating a latent variable. This thesis produced a concise list of mate expulsion behaviors and has expanded on the literature of mating psychology in respect to relationship termination. These results suggest human mating psychology may include mechanisms that function to terminate and maintain relationships.

The use of religion-based spirituality was examined as a factor in strengthening and increasing emotional intelligence and regulation, facilitating relationship choices and maintenance, and as a key factor in the decision-making process of dating and partner selection among African Americans. The theoretical framework for this study included Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, on which both theories of spiritual and emotional intelligence stand, and Bowlby's theory of attachment. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze relationships between spiritual and emotional intelligences and attachment styles among African American adults. In a criterion-based purposeful sample of 98 African American participants aged 27 and older, a negative correlation was found between high levels of spiritual and emotional intelligence in African Americans and attachment styles, meaning secure attachment styles were found in African Americans with higher levels of both spiritual and emotional intelligence. The study contributes to the validity and reliability of the SISRI, SSEIT, and the ECR-R among African Americans. Scores on these instruments in the study were within normal range. The information in this study may serve as a foundation for future studies on the importance of religion-based spirituality and the strengthening of emotional intelligence to facilitate successful romantic and marital relationships among African Americans, leading to stronger families and communities.

This study was designed to further understand passionate friendships in a sample of heterosexual and lesbian, bisexual, and questioning (LBQ) women. Previous research has established that LBQ women engage in same-sex passionate friendships (unusually intense friendships that are similar to romantic relationships but devoid of sexual intimacy), but no systematic classification system has been established to identify these relationships in a general sample of women. A new quantitative measure, the Passionate Friendship Survey, was developed to measure passionate friendship experiences in women across adolescence and young adulthood. Qualitative interviews were also conducted to understand the subjective experience of passionate friendships in heterosexual and LBQ women.