MRDV / Institute for Rural Development

MA (Psychology) / Department of Psychology / The aim of the study was to explore the impact of nyaope among the youth in the rural communities of Thulamela Municipality. The study adopted qualitative approach and exploratory research design. Population of the study were from Itsani, Maniini and Muledane villages in Thulamela municipality, both males and females, 18-31 and who were involved in the use of nyaope. Non-probability purposive and snowball sampling methods were adopted because participants who use nyaope are hard to locate. The total number of participants (8) who formed part of the study was determined by data saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used as a method of data collection. To ensure trustworthiness, pre-testing of the instrument was conducted to identify any potential problems. Credibility, transferability and conformability was well considered. Thematic data analysis was employed since the researcher was more involved in interpretation of collected data, thematic analysis enabled the researcher to capture complex meaning.

The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the vulnerability to HIV of rural male youth with regard to their beliefs, sexual attitudes and behaviour. The study took place in the Waterberg, a district of Limpopo in South Africa, and provided insight into and understanding of the youths’ attitudes to and intentions regarding HIV prevention and their perceptions of how they were influenced by the Boys2Men programme. The Theory of Reasoned Action and the Social Constructionist Theory provided a framework for the study. Nine participants between the ages of 19 and 26 were purposefully selected, and data was collected via individual face-to-face and focus group interviews. A number of semi-structured questions were used to guide the study, and data captured from the interviews was analysed by thematic content analysis. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

nÃo hà / A presente pesquisa estuda a aÃÃo pedagÃgica executada pelo Curso: FormaÃÃo de Jovens Rurais para o Fortalecimento da Agricultura Camponesa do SemiÃrido Cearense, ofertado pela UNILAB/2013-2014. Assistindo trezentos jovens dos territÃrios de CrateÃs, Canindà e Itapipoca. ApÃs cada aÃÃo pedagÃgica à imprescindÃvel saber se seus objetivos foram atingidos, nessa direÃÃo, o problema que a pesquisa levanta à a contribuiÃÃo do Curso da UNILAB na atividade profissional dos/as cursistas relacionada à inserÃÃo produtiva no sentido da melhoria de vida. Quadro de referÃncia: pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritivo-explicativo, a estratÃgia aplicada foi um estudo de caso, com concepÃÃes da pesquisa-aÃÃo e do materialismo histÃrico, trabalhamos com dados primÃrios e secundÃrios, a unidade de pesquisa foi a Comunidade Jatobà dos Umbelinos no territÃrio de CrateÃs, pela mobilidade, articulaÃÃo e a concentraÃÃo de sujeitos envolvidos no processo e disponÃveis para as entrevistas. O levantamento documental e bibliogrÃfico serviu para contextualizar e fundamentar o estudo, dentre os instrumentos de registro, ressaltamos o uso de diÃrio de campo, mÃquina fotogrÃfico e gravador, utilizados como instrumentos metodolÃgicos: entrevistas semiestruturadas, entrevistas do tipo grupo focal, conversas informais, observaÃÃo participativa e visitas domiciliares, observando antagonismos culturais, compreendendo o real atravÃs das contradiÃÃes sociais pela perspectiva dos prÃprios sujeitos. A organizaÃÃo e seleÃÃo dos dados se deram atravÃs do mÃtodo de anÃlise de conteÃdo por meio das unidades de conteÃdo e contexto, quando se afirmaram Ãs categorias de anÃlises: contribuiÃÃo do Curso, inserÃÃo produtiva e prÃtica pedagÃgica. Contamos com as contribuiÃÃes de Freire (2011, 2014), BrandÃo (2006) e Ribeiro (2010) que dialogam e problematizam Ãs questÃes e inquietaÃÃes levantadas, ajudando na elaboraÃÃo e nos processos estudados dentro das categorias conceituais: educaÃÃo do campo, juventude rural e inserÃÃo produtiva. / The present study studies the pedagogical action carried out by the Course: Training of Rural Youth for the Strengthening of Peasant Agriculture in the Semi-arid Cearense, offered by UNILAB / 2013-2014. Watching three hundred young people from the territories of CrateÃs, Canindà and Itapipoca. After each pedagogical action, it is imperative to know if its objectives have been reached. In this direction, the problem that the research raises is the contribution of the UNILAB Course in the professional activity of the trainees related to the productive insertion towards the improvement of life. Reference framework: qualitative research of the descriptive-explanatory type, the strategy applied will be a case study, with research conceptions and historical materialism, I worked with primary and secondary data, the research unit was the Jatobà Community of the Umbelinos in the territory of CrateÃs, for the mobility, articulation and concentration of subjects involved in the process and available for interviews. The documentary and bibliographical survey served to contextualize and to base the study, among the recording instruments, I emphasize the use of field diary, camera and recorder, where I used as methodological instruments: semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews, informal conversations, participatory observation and home visits, observing cultural antagonisms, I tried to understand the real through social contradictions from the perspective of the subjects themselves. The organization and selection of the data were done through the content analysis method through the units of content and context, when the categories of analysis were affirmed: contribution of the Course, productive insertion and pedagogical practice. I counted on the contributions of Freire (2011, 2014), BrandÃo (2006) and Ribeiro (2010) who dialogued and problematized the questions and concerns raised, helping in the elaboration and processes studied within the conceptual categories: rural education, rural youth and productive insertion.

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The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the positive values of masculinity and the role of a man in the prevention of HIV and AIDS and teenage pregnancy in order to develop a health education handbook for young Zulu men. The objectives of this study were to  identify expectations of a man of essence  describe the man’s role in the prevention of HIV and AIDS and teenage pregnancy  develop a health education handbook for young men in developing positive values of masculinity Continuing transmission of HIV and high teenage pregnancy causes concern about the effectiveness of risk reduction measures. Masculinity is associated with risky sexual behaviour. A qualitative, descriptive, exploratory and contextual study explored the positive values of masculinity and the role of a man of essence in the prevention of HIV/AIDS and teenage pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews with interview guides were conducted to collect data among Zulu men aged 18-24 years residing in Nquthu sub-district in northern KwaZulu-Natal. Twenty-one participants from three villages of Tribal Authority 8, namely villages 3, 7 and 9, were interviewed. Data were analyzed thematically and manually. Follow-up interviews were conducted with participants who had committed to a plan of action to prevent HIV infection and teenage pregnancy. The study found that a man of a kind embraced gender equality and the education of women; treated women well, and used traditional/cultural or religious and modern methods to prevent HIV and teenage pregnancy. According to social norms, the participants were expected to have sex with or without a condom. Social support came from parents, grandparents, teachers and health care workers. The participants appeared to lack role models; some preferred to buy condoms, and some used condoms inconsistently. Some experienced problems such as pressure to have sex or girlfriends. A contribution of this study was the development of a health education handbook for young men to develop into men of essence through positive values of masculinity and prevent HIV/AIDS and teenage pregnancy. / Health Studies / Ph. D. (Nursing)

This study seeks to describe the factors contributing to high adolescent pregnancy rate in Kinondoni Municipality, Dar-es-Salaam. Through the study we get to know the social economic characteristics of adolescents, the adolescents' general knowledge of reproductive health issues and the source of this knowledge. The major discoveries made from this study are that the educational status and knowledge of reproductive health of these adolescents is low, some are already dropouts from school, and others were deprived of the chance to continue with secondary education. They have nothing tangible to do because of their low education and coupled with their low economic status, they are at risk of being involved in sexual activities at an early age, ending in pregnancies. In addition, their parents' educational and economic status was also found to be low. It is important then, parents, teachers and the community in general to arrest the rate of adolescent pregnancies. / HEALTH STUDIES / MA (HEALTH STUDIES)

This study seeks to describe the factors contributing to high adolescent pregnancy rate in Kinondoni Municipality, Dar-es-Salaam. Through the study we get to know the social economic characteristics of adolescents, the adolescents' general knowledge of reproductive health issues and the source of this knowledge. The major discoveries made from this study are that the educational status and knowledge of reproductive health of these adolescents is low, some are already dropouts from school, and others were deprived of the chance to continue with secondary education. They have nothing tangible to do because of their low education and coupled with their low economic status, they are at risk of being involved in sexual activities at an early age, ending in pregnancies. In addition, their parents' educational and economic status was also found to be low. It is important then, parents, teachers and the community in general to arrest the rate of adolescent pregnancies. / HEALTH STUDIES / MA (HEALTH STUDIES)