Orientador: Susanne Rath / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T08:45:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Peruchi_LiviaManiero_M.pdf: 2606610 bytes, checksum: 4b1e6756287ec6b3404f0fe6512fb307 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar um método por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência para a determinação de oito compostos ativos amplamente utilizados em protetores solares: benzofenona-3, octocrileno, metil benzilideno canfora, octil dimetil PABA, metoxicinamato de etilexila, butil metoxidibenzoilmetano, homosalato (usado nas suas duas formas isoméricas) e salicilato de etilexila. A separação dos compostos foi realizada em uma coluna cromatográfica ACE C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 mm), na temperatura de 20 °C e fase movel composta por metanol:agua 88:12 v/v com eluição isocrática. A vazão foi de 1 mL min e a quantificação foi feita por padronização externa no comprimento de onda máximo de cada composto. O tempo da corrida cromatográfica foi de 18 minutos. O preparo de amostra consistiu basicamente de diluição e filtração anterior quantificação. Os parâmetros considerados na validação do método foram: faixa linear, linearidade, sensibilidade, precisão intra e inter-ensaio e exatidão. O método foi aplicado em treze amostras de diferentes fabricantes disponíveis comercialmente. O número de compostos ativos variaram entre 1 e 5 em uma mesma amostra. As concentrações dos compostos estão na faixa de 0,9-10% (m/m) e estão de acordo com o limite máximo permitido pela ANVISA. Este trabalho teve tambem como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade do uso de fluorescência de raios-X para determinar o FPS (fator de proteção solar) de protetores solares utilizando métodos quimiométricos. Para isso foram selecionadas varias amostras de um mesmo fabricante com diferentes FPS. Os espectros de raios-X obtidos foram tratados com a ferramenta quimiométrica PCA (Principal Component Analysis) para a análise exploratória dos dados e então construiu-se um modelo de calibração por PLS (Partial Least Squares). / Abstract: This work describes the development and validation of a HPLC-DAD method for determination of eight sunscreen agents: benzophenone-3, octocrylene, octyl methoxycinnamate, octyl salicylate, homosalate (used in two isomeric forms), butyl metoxydibenzoylmethane, 4-metylbenzylidene camphor and octyl dimetyl PABA in sunscreen formulations. The separation of the eight compounds were achieved using a ACE C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 mm), column temperature 20 °C, and a mobile phase of 88:12 (v/v) methanol-water with isocratic elution. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and quantitation was performed by external calibration at the maximum wavelength of each compound. Total run time was 18 minutes. The sample preparation was simple and consisted basically of dilution and filtration before quantitation. The critical points of the method are the column temperature, composition of the C18 stationary phase and the composition of the mobile phase. The validation parameters comprised: linear range, linearity, selectivity, intra-day and inter-day precision, and accuracy, and were in accordance with the aim of the method. Thirteen samples of sunscreen emulsions (SPF 30) of different manufacturer were analyzed. The number of the sunscreen agents varied between one and five in a same sample. The concentrations of all compounds were in the range of 0.9 to 10% (m/m) and were in accordance with the current Brazilian legislation. This work has also evaluated the potential of use of X-ray fluorescence to determine the SPF (sun protection factor) of sunscreens using chemometric methods. For this purpose, several samples from the same manufacturer (same components) with different FPS were selected. The X-ray spectra obtained were treated with a chemiometric tool PCA (Principal Component Analysis) for exploratory data analysis and then built a calibration model by PLS (Partial Least Squares). / Mestrado / Mestre em Química

Esta pesquisa visa analisar a estética do espaço e a estética literária empregadas na narrativa da obra Pôr-do-Sol, de Dazai Osamu, bem como resgatar a essência da cultura japonesa contemporânea de um Japão devastado pela Segunda Guerra Mundial, onde o autor expressa toda a sua sensibilidade poética. Este trabalho baseia-se na pesquisa biográfica de Dazai Osamu, com ênfase ao momento histórico que o autor testemunhou e onde realizou suas escritas, visando o levantamento da iconografia, pictografia e metonímia na linguagem de sua obra. Através deste estudo buscam-se os elementos que o enquadrem no gênero literário denominado Romance do Eu e as influências exercidas pelo Naturalismo europeu e movimentos sociais em sua carreira literária por meio da análise da hereditariedade, das influências do meio social no ambiente da obra e a estética literária empregada em sua técnica narrativa. O estudo desenvolvido demonstra as interferências ocidentais na Literatura Japonesa através da intertextualidade de obras japonesas e ocidentais, que dialogam entre si, e apresentam uma narrativa ao redor da estética do espaço na obra Pôr-do-Sol, retratando a essência humana, o irracional, as emoções, o onírico, as alegrias e desilusões inerentes a todos os seres humanos, principalmente na sociedade japonesa do período histórico do pós-guerra. / This research seeks analyze Dazai Osamu\'s spatial aesthetics and his literary style, which was used in his novel Setting Sun, besides to bring off essence of Japan Contemporary Culture, that was devastated in this country due to World War II. Another point of this study is the narrative aesthetics, where the writer expresses his poetic sensitiveness. This study is based on Dazai Osamu\'s autobiographic research, emphasizing a historical moment of Japan, which he witnessed and finished his writings despite of war; in his novel, Dazai aimed the language of: iconography survey, pictorial survey and metonymy language. This study will search for elements that fit in the literary genre named I Novel, as well as influences the writer suffered from European Naturalism and social movements in his literary carrier; Dazai analyzed the heredity and the influences of social means described in atmosphere of his work and the literary aesthetic (spatial) carried out in his narrative techniques. The study developed here points out western interference in Japanese literature, which can be noticed in the inter-textuality of literary works between west and east, that inter-act itself; therefore introduces a narrative related to spatial aesthetic in the Setting Sun which the writer describes the essence of human beings´nature such as: irrational feelings, the emotions, the day-dreams, the cheerfulness and disappointments, inherent in whole human beings, especially in the Japanese society in certain historical time after war.

This essay deals with verb use in headlines. More specifically, the aim was to see if therewere any differences between two British newspapers in how verbs were used in headlines. Inorder to carry out this study, 100 headlines were collected from each of the newspapers andorganized into groups; headlines that included verbs and headlines that did not. A decisionwas made to only look at two types of verbs; main verbs and auxiliaries.The results showed that The Independent as well as The Sun generally contains verbs. TheIndependent has a slightly higher rate when main verbs and auxiliaries are put together.However, The Sun uses more auxiliaries. Only primary and modal auxiliaries are used in TheSun as well as in The Independent, no semi-auxiliaries were found in any of the newspaperheadlines. Another interesting fact was that The Independent has removed all auxiliaries in theforms of be. Then Sun too seems to prefer headlines without this particular auxiliary but therewere a few headlines which included forms of be.A comparison between the results presented in this study and a study carried out by Mårdhduring the late 1970’s shows similar results. The present study is far more limited in itsmaterial but the parts that could be compared shows that the verb use in newspaper headlineshas not changed much during the past few decades.

The majority of the power generated today is produced using fossil fuels,emitting carbon dioxide and other pollutants every second. Also, fossil fuels will eventually run out. For the increasing worldwide energy demand, the use f reliable and environmentally beneficial natural energy sources is one of the biggest challenges. Alongside wind and water, the solar energy which is clean, CO2-neutral and limitless, is our most valuable resource. Concentrated solar power (CSP) is becoming one of the excellent alternative sources for the power industry. The successful implementation of this technology requires the efficient design of tracking and operation system of the CSP solar plants. A detailed analysis of components needed for the design of cost-effective and optimum tracker for CSP solar systems is required for the power plant modeling, which is the primary subject of this thesis. A comprehensive tracking and operating system of a parabolic trough solar power plant was developed focusing primarily on obtaining optimum and cost effective design through the simplified methodology of this work. This new model was implemented for a 50 kWe parabolic trough solar power plant at University of South Florida, Tampa.

Between 1919 and 1934, as members of China's Guomindang (Nationalist Party) struggled to take control of and transform the country, they increasingly appropriated language and symbols associated with the fallen Qing Dynasty. At the same time, these were accompanied in party discourse by radical appeals that included strong critiques of China's past. In this they were far from unique: studies of nationalisms around the world have found them to combine appeals to the new and the old. Yet in China this combination incited particular controversy, as Guomindang members and others, wrestling with the cultural legacy of the empire, put forward powerfully radical critiques not only of the culture of the past but also of traditionalist appeals to it. The result was distinctive textual practices I term 'revolutionary traditionalism', which appropriated cultural elements of the imperial orthodoxy while reconciling these appropriations with radical language. Yet this revolutionary traditionalism could not unproblematically form a unified modern nationalist orthodoxy. Radical and traditionalist positions in regard to culture recurred through power struggles within and beyond the party. Through these struggles, by the end of the 1920s revolutionary traditionalism came to characterise the new Nationalist Government formed by Guomindang members in Nanjing. While like other nationalists Guomindang members reinvented the language and symbols to which they appealed, however, the case of Confucius shows that they could not unilaterally control these reinterpretations. The central place of Confucius in national culture was established through a process of negotiation, as groups identifying themselves as 'Confucian' petitioned the state, appropriating its own traditionalist discourse, for recognition and commemoration. Yet these Confucians, pursuing their own often religious agendas, also cast doubt on the authenticity of the state's commitment. Revolutionary traditionalism thus remained unstable, repeatedly challenged both from radical and traditionalist positions.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This thesis explores contemporary Lakota identity, as informed by the life story narratives of Melda and Lupe Trejo. Melda Red Bear (Lakota) was born on Pine Ridge (Oglala Lakota / Sioux) Reservation in South Dakota (1939-). Her husband, Lupe Trejo (1938-1999) is Mexican and has been a long-term resident of the reservation. I first met this couple in 1994 and developed an abiding friendship with them prior to our decision to collaborate in recording their storytelling sessions (1997-98). The recording and interpretation of the material evokes ethical questions about power and representation that have arisen with debates about 'as-told-to' autobiographies. Theoretical and methodological issues associated with cultural anthropology, literary criticism and oral history are part of the interdisciplinary intellectual work of this research and are discussed in the context of the project. The thesis follows an introspective, recursive methodology, where early research decisions are analyzed in the light of what I have learned in this process of apprenticeship to Lakota traditional thinkers. The narratives reveal that contemporary Lakota identity encompasses colonial discourses, strategic responses to such impositions, and an autonomous indigenous system of beliefs. This epistemological tradition, that is, traditional Lakota spiritual beliefs, promotes an acknowledgment of relations as opposed to exclusive categories of cultural difference. Melda Trejo has substantial connections to the Lakota community and her marriage follows the traditional pattern of "marrying out." Lupe Trejo configures his Mexican ancestry in ways that align with the Lakota people while also acknowledging his difference in the community. Melda and Lupe define themselves as Lakota through their spiritual practice in the Sundance as it reappeared in the cultural resurgence at Pine Ridge in the 1970s and 1980s. They situate themselves and their Sundance amid the controversies that surround authentic practices and the participation of outsiders in the ceremony. The thesis provides an interpretive framework, supported by additional life stories as well as critical and ethnographic material, for the analysis of selected stories. / Medicine, Faculty of / Graduate

Title: Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics: The Cultural Aspect of Chinese Foreign Policy in the Example of Sino-American Relations Ambiguity in answers, lack of communication or justification of actions have resulted in a negative depiction of Sino-American relations. I would like to prove the cultural significance as a major factor in influencing Chinese foreign policy regarding the example of Sino-American relations. By applying elements of constructivism, one is able to understand the cultural perspective of Chinese foreign policy in the example of Sino-American relations. Furthermore, this is proven through philosophical application of game theory stratagem.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of a photovoltaic solar power station for a specific family house in the Jihlava region. The aim of the work was to get acquainted with technologies about the production of solar systems, evaluate the market in the Czech Republic and create a design of photovoltaic solar power station. Three designs of power stations were created with the help of the PV * SOL design system. Each design uses different photovoltaic cell technology. The result of each power station design is a complete finished project, which is based on many factors such as the efficiency of the entire system in a certain location, financial analysis, return on investment and more. In addition, these projects meet the conditions for the preparation of the subsidy program Nová zelená úsporám. At the end of the work, all three designed power stations are evaluated and with the help of multicriteria analysis, the best and most advantageous power station design for the given locality is determined. In the end, the idea of further development of the project is presented.

<div>Over the past twenty years, ridesharing opportunities for smallsats, i.e., secondary payloads, has increased with the introduction of Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) rings. However, the orbits available for these secondary payloads is limited to Low Earth Orbits (LEO) or Geostationary Orbits (GEO). By incorporating a propulsion system, propulsive ESPA rings offer the capability to transport a secondary payload, or a collection of payloads, to regions beyond GEO. In this investigation, the ridesharing scenario includes a secondary payload in a dropped-off Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) and the region of interest is the vicinity near the Sun-Earth Lagrange points. However, mission design for secondary payloads faces certain challenges. A significant mission constraint for a secondary payload is the drop-off orbit orientation, as it is dependent on the primary mission. To address this mission constraint, strategies leveraging dynamical structures within the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CRTBP) are implemented to construct efficient and flexible transfers from GTO to orbits near Sun-Earth Lagrange points. First, single-maneuver ballistic transfers are constructed from a range of GTO departure orientations. The ballistic transfer utilize trajectories within the stable manifold structure associated with periodic and quasi-periodic orbits near the Sun-Earth L1 and L2 points. Numerical differential corrections and continuation methods are leveraged to create families of ballistic transfers. A collection of direct ballistic transfers are generated that correspond to a region of GTO departure locations. Additional communications constraints, based on the Solar Exclusion Zone and the Earth’s penumbra shadow region, are included in the catalog of ballistic transfers. An integral-type path condition is derived and included throughout the differential corrections process to maintain transfers outside the required communications restrictions. The ballistic transfers computed in the CRTBP are easily transitioned to the higher-fidelity ephemeris model and validated, i.e., their geometries persist in the ephemeris model. To construct transfers to specific orbits near Sun-Earth L1 or L2, families of two-maneuver transfers are generated over a range of GTO departure locations. The two-maneuver transfers consist of a maneuver at the GTO departure location and a Deep Space Maneuver (DSM) along the trajectory. Families of two-maneuver transfers are created via a multiple- shooting differential corrections method and a continuation process. The generated families of transfers aid in the rapid generation of initial guesses for optimized transfer solutions over a range of GTO departure locations. Optimized multiple-maneuver transfers into halo and Lissajous orbits near Sun-Earth L1 and L2 are included in this analysis in both the CRTBP model and the higher-fidelity ephemeris model. Furthermore, the two-maneuver transfer strategy employed in this analysis are easily extended to other Three-Body systems. </div>