Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-04-20T10:56:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3418215 bytes, checksum: cba168310c87ccb6666ce01f33471028 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-20T10:56:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3418215 bytes, checksum: cba168310c87ccb6666ce01f33471028 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The motorcycle patrol activity of the military Police is held in various environmental conditions with situations that cause discomfort and impair safety. The presence of occupational noise comes from sources such as urban traffic, the radio communicator, sirens, motorcycle and environmental noise, which added throughout the work day can cause the occurrence of hearing problems and induced hearing loss by noise. Thus, this work presents an investigation into how exposure to occupational noise of patrol activity affects the auditory system of motorcycle police officers during patrol activity. This case study was approved by the UFPB’s ethics committee in research. The data collection for this research was conducted in three stages: selection of police and application of occupational history questionnaires, audiometry and noise dosimetry according to ISO 9612:2009 recommendations. The study gathered 46 military police more than three years of service in motorcycle patrol activity and, no hearing aids history. The level of occupational noise is higher than the regulatory limits and the daily dose exceeds 400%. Hearing complaint was identified in 50% of police officers and more than 30% have hearing loss due to noise. The risk of aggravating these cases of hearing loss and the development of new cases is higher than 50% for these policemen with increased service life. Through these results, it is possible to suggest that exposure to occupational noise of motorcycle patrol activity can affect the auditory system of the military police, increasing the risk of hearing loss. / A atividade de Motopatrulhamento dos policiais militares é realizada em diversas condições ambientais com situações que provocam o desconforto e prejudicam a segurança do trabalho. A presença do ruído ocupacional provém de fontes como, o tráfego urbano, o rádio comunicador, as sirenes, a motocicleta e o ruído ambiental, as quais somadas ao longo do dia de trabalho podem provocar a ocorrência de problemas de auditivos e a perda auditiva induzida pelo ruído. Desta maneira, este trabalho apresenta uma investigação sobre como a exposição ao ruído ocupacional da atividade de patrulhamento afeta o sistema auditivo do policial militar durante a atividade de Motopatrulhamento. Este estudo de caso foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa da UFPB, a coleta de dados desta pesquisa foi realizada em três etapas: seleção dos policiais e aplicação de questionários de anamnese ocupacional, exame audiométrico e dosimetria de ruído segundo as recomendações da ISO 9612:2009. Participaram desta pesquisa 46 policiais militares com mais de três anos de serviço na função de Motopatrulhamento e sem histórico de problemas auditivos. O nível de ruído ocupacional é superior aos limites normativos e a dose diária ultrapassa 400%. Foi identificada uma queixa auditiva em 50% dos policiais militares e mais de 30% possui perda auditiva em função do ruído. O risco de agravamento destes casos de perda auditiva e do desenvolvimento de novos casos é superior a 50% para estes policiais militares com o aumento do tempo de serviço. Através dos resultados encontrados, é possível sugerir que a exposição ao ruído ocupacional da atividade de Motopatrulhamento pode afetar o sistema auditivo do policial militar, aumentando o risco de perda auditiva.

This study explores experiences of public sexual harassment among young women in the UKin light of a renewed focus on violence against women after Sarah Everard was raped andmurdered while walking home during lockdown. Thirteen young women were interviewed while this case dominated British media and public debate. The paper’s focuses is on how this cohort problematise street based harassment - how they encounter, negotiate and contextualise it at this time. The study uses qualitative methods of feminist phenomenology and narrative analysis. Participants describe everyday street harassments as a serious problem that regularly impactson their daily life and freedoms, while being sidelined and trivialised by wider society. They reject that it is a minor problem or a compliment, and push back about the onus being on them to problem solve and do safety work to avoid men’s violence and intrusions in public.They challenge the idea this is not worth talking about by telling their stories, particularly online. Collective storytelling is a form of agency and activism that empowers women to reframe social issues according to their own lived realities and terms. Two principle narratives emerge from the storytelling: resistance to mainstream ‘givens’, and positioning street harassment as a form of gender based violence that targets women as an entity. Participants situate VAW as men’s issue - men need to engage and address this social problem.

The object of diploma thesis is a construction technology project capacity extension of nursery school Zvidalek in Slavkov u Brna. Work includes facilities of building site, technological rule of waterproofing, schedule, item budget, plan of checks and tests, design of machinery, safety and health at work and economic, time and transport evaluation of two versions of ceiling construction.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka rektorers uppfattningar gällande trygghet och elevers psykosociala välbefinnande i grundskolor belägna i utsatta områden runt om i Sverige. En kvalitativ induktiv metod användes baserad på fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer för att besvara studiens frågeställningar. Två kvinnor och två män – som var rektorer i grundskolor, deltog i denna studie. En kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys genomfördes. Resultaten av studien identifierade fem huvudkategorier och tolv underkategorier: trygghet, med underkategorierna ; kränkning och diskriminering samt fysisk och psykisk trygghet. Trygghetsarbete med underkategorierna; rutiner med kränkningar, trygghetsenkäter/samtal, förebyggande språkbruk och raster, värdegrundsarbete. Huvudkategorin relationer med underkategorierna; relation mellan elever och skolpersonal, relation mellan eleverna. Struktur har underkategorierna; regler och tydlighet i skolan och adaptiv skola. För huvudkategorin välbefinnande identifierades underkategorierna; psykisk hälsa , självförtroende och självkänsla.  Slutsats: Studien tyder på att trygghet var en viktig indikator som kunde ha en inverkan på det psykosociala välbefinnandet i skolan. Utsatta områden har en lägre socioekonomisk status vilket gör att man bör arbeta för att främja tryggheten i dessa områden. Relationer och struktur i skolan spelade också en viktig roll för elevernas välmående. Trygghetsundersökningar är en utrustning som användes för att arbeta mot kränkning och diskriminering, vilket är två faktorer som kan påverka det psykosociala välbefinnandet. Det fanns också värdegrundsarbete som ingick i trygghetsarbetet. Värdegrundsarbete var också ett pågående arbete på några av skolorna, värdegrundsarbete kan ha en positiv effekt på välbefinnandet. Det visades också att hälsa och välbefinnande kunde påverkas beroende på den upplevda tryggheten.

Employee job satisfaction of public sector professionals: The roles of public safety work and public service motivation

Ämnesområdet säkerhet har kommit att få mer utrymme inom verksamhetsområden som ett resultat av det omvärldsläge som förefaller idag, där kriser och olyckor tycks bli en del av det vardagliga sammanhanget snarare än extraordinära händelser som inträffar då och då. Samhället är en dynamisk plats som ständigt utvecklas, vilket innebär att såväl förebyggande arbete som åtgärder inte kommer att vara detsamma för alltid. Begränsad forskning på hur systematiskt säkerhetsarbete bedrivs och förstås utifrån teoretiska utgångspunkter utgör ett incitament att undersöka detta vidare. Universitetet kan likställas med mindre samhällen, sett till exponering och omfång och kräver således ett gediget systematiskt säkerhetsarbete för att säkerställa en trygg och säker tillvaro där risker såväl bedöms som värderas och åtgärdas. Studien syftar till att undersöka hur systematiskt säkerhetsarbete bedrivs och ter sig vid universitet i Sverige och genom detta skapa en uppfattning om såväl framgångsfaktorer som hinder. För att ge svar på studiens syfte har styrdokument samlats in från tre mellanstora universitet i Sverige, för att skapa en kunskapsöversikt och förståelse för hur säkerhetsarbetet bedrivs. I tillägg till detta har yrkesverksamma inom säkerhetsområdet vid samma tre universitet intervjuats. Studiens resultat visar på såväl hinder som framgångsfaktorer vid ett framgångsrikt säkerhetsarbete. Komplexitet föreligger i att nå ut till den stora skalan, och studenter tycks vara den målgrupp som är svårast att nå. Ett intressant fynd i kontrast till detta är att riskmedvetenheten förefaller sig vara lika hög hos studenter som anställda, om än högre. Vidare visar studien att lagar och förordningar sätter ramen för hur det systematiska säkerhetsarbetet bedrivs vid universitet, utöver de universitetens egna ambitioner, och bidrar till en ökad riskmedvetenhet. / Safety has come to gain more attention in operational areas as a result of the current state of the world, whereas crises and accidents seem to have become part of the everyday context rather than extraordinary events that occur every now and then. Society is a dynamic place that is constantly evolving, which means that both prevention work and measures will have to evolve along with society. Limited research on how systematic safety work is conducted and understood based on theoretical starting points constitutes an incentive to investigate this subject area further. The university can be compared to smaller communities, due to risk exposure and scope, that requires systematic safety work to ensure a safe and secure environment where risks are assessed as well as valued with relevant measures being taken. The study aims to investigate how systematic safety work is conducted at universities in Sweden, and by doing so create an understanding of successful factors as well as obstacles and challenges of conducting a successful safety work. To provide answers to the purpose of the study, documents from three middle sized universities in Sweden have been collected to gain knowledge of how the systematic safety work is being conducted. In addition to this, professionals in the security field at the same three universities have been interviewed. The results of the study show both obstacles and success factors in conducting a successful safety work. Complexity appears in reaching out to the large scale, and students seem to be the most difficult target group to reach. An interesting finding in contrast to this is that risk awareness appears to be just as high among students as employees, if not higher. Furthermore, the study shows that laws and regulations set the framework for how the systematic safety work is conducted at universities, in addition to the universities' own ambitions, and contribute to an increased risk awareness.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar på att ambulanspersonalen har en ökad risk för att utsättas för arbetsrelaterad stress vilket kan leda till såväl psykiska som fysiska skador. Det kan i sin tur påverka ambulanspersonalens funktionsförmåga och därmed kan såväl omvårdnaden för patienten samt patientsäkerheten komma att äventyras och risken för att patienten ska drabbas av en vårdskada samt ett vårdlidande ökar. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa ambulanspersonalens upplevelser av arbetsrelaterad stress och dess inverkan på patientsäkerheten. Metod: Studien genomfördes med kvalitativ metod. Elva semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes för att besvara studiens syfte, fem män och sex kvinnor deltog. Inklusionskriterierna var att informanterna var yrkesverksamma inom ambulanssjukvården. Således var ingen yrkeskategori inom ambulanssjukvården exkluderad. Urvalet skedde genom ett bekvämlighetsurval samt ett snöbollsurval. Materialet har analyserats med hjälp av manifest analysmetod. Resultat: Resultatet sammanfattas i tre kategorier och sju underkategorier. Resultatet visade på att ambulanspersonalen upplevde en arbetsrelaterad stress. Upplevelsen av den arbetsrelaterade stressen och dess inverkan på patientsäkerheten kunde ses utifrån flera olika perspektiv, såväl negativa som positiva. För hög arbetsrelaterad stress upplevdes ogynnsamt för såväl ambulanspersonalen som för patienten och dess säkerhet medan en rimlig nivå av stress ansågs gynnsamt. Stöd och kunskapsutbyte mellan kollegor och stöd från organisationen upplevdes vara en viktig del i arbetet inom ambulanssjukvården för att besvara den emotionella belastning som den arbetsrelaterade stressen kunde framkalla, känslan av att vara otillräcklig samt att vilja prestera. Slutsats: Ambulanspersonalen tillsammans med enhetscheferna för ambulanssjukvården bör gemensamt identifiera faktorer som utlöser stress på individnivå för att bibehålla ambulanspersonalens hälsa, utveckling samt bibehålla patientsäkerheten. / Background: Previous research has shown that ambulance personnel have an increased risk of exposure to work-related stress, which can lead to both psychological and physical harm. This in turn may affect the functional ability of ambulance staff, potentially jeopardizing patient care as well as patient safety. The likelihood of a patient experiencing healthcare injury of suffering related to care is also increases. Aim: The objective of the study was to illuminate the experiences of ambulance personnel regarding work-related stress and its impact on patient safety. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted. Eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted to address the study's aim, involving five men and six women. The inclusion criteria stipulated that the informants were actively working in ambulance healthcare. Consequently, no professional category within ambulance healthcare was excluded. The participants were recruited by convenient and snowball selection. The data was analysed using a manifest analysis method. Results: The result is summarized in three categories and seven subcategories. The results showed that ambulance personnel experienced work-related stress. The experience of the work-related stress and its impact on patient safety could be viewed from various perspectives, both negative and positive. A high work-related stress was perceived unfavourably for both the ambulance personnel, the patient and the patients´ safety, while a reasonable level of stress was considered beneficial. Support and knowledge exchange among colleagues, as well as organizational support, was seen as an important part in ambulance healthcare to address the emotional burden that the work-related stress could evoke, the feeling of insufficiency, and the desire to perform. Conclusion: The ambulance personnel, together with unit managers for the ambulance healthcare, should collaboratively identify factors that can trigger stress, to sustain the ambulance personnels health, development and patient safety.

Introduktion: Psykisk ohälsa hos elever är ett växande problem. Svenska skolan ska arbeta med elevers trygghet och att bedriva ett systematiskt kvalitetsarbete mot diskriminering och kränkande behandling. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka om pedagoger och elevhälsopersonal på en grundskola i en skånsk kommun upplever att trygghetsinsatserna har en positiv effekt på elevernas hälsa. Metod: En tvärsnittsstudie med kvalitativa inslag genomfördes av pedagoger (n=65) på en grundskola i Skåne. Datainsamlingen skedde genom digital enkät som skickades ut via e-post. Insamlad data analyserades i statistikprogrammet SPSS. Kvalitativa svar redovisades i textform. Resultat: Svarsfrekvensen var 34%, en för låg svarsfrekvens för att kunna generalisera resultatet.  Av respondenterna kände 73% sig delaktiga i trygghetsarbetet, 91% upplever att trygghet har effekt på elevernas hälsa och 67% uppfattar inga hälsoskillnader mellan kön. Däremot ses några skillnader i vilka insatser som fungerar bäst och sämst i relation till kön. Elevinsatser som involverar socialt utbyte upplevs mest positivt och bestraffningar mest negativt. Det efterfrågas systematik i trygghetsarbetet. Slutsats: Resultatet kopplas till tidigare forskning som både bekräftar och visar på förbättringsområden. Trygghetsplanens förekomst är grundläggande. Efterlyst tydlighet och uppföljning kan vara ett uttryck för områdets storlek och svårigheten att få en helhetsbild av trygghetsarbetet. Olika former av socialt utbyte är det som anses ha effekt på elevernas hälsa och bör därmed prioriteras. Trygghetsarbetet kan gagnas av kollegialt lärande och trygghetsplanens innehåll behövs eventuellt kompletteras. Framgångsfaktorer och förbättringsförslag kan bidra till en tydligare förankring. Den låga svarsfrekvensen ska dock tas i beaktande och eventuella genomföranden av förslag bör stämmas av med personal. / Introduction: Mental illness in students a growing problem. The Swedish school has the task of working with students' safety and to conduct systematic quality work against discrimination and offensive treatment. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate whether pedagogues and student health personnel at a primary school in a municipality in Skane felt that the safety efforts have a positive effect on the students' health. Method: A cross-sectional study with qualitative elements was conducted by educators (n = 65) at an elementary school in Skåne. The data collection was done through a digital survey that was sent out via e-mail. The collected data was analyzed in the statistics program SPSS. Qualitative answers were presented in text form. Result: The response rate was 34%, a too low response rate to be able to generalize the result. Of the respondents, 73% felt that they were participant in the safety work, 91% felt that safety had an effect on the students' health and 67% did not experience any health differences between the sexes. However, there are some differences in which efforts work best and worst in relation to gender. Student initiatives that involve social exchange are perceived to be most positive and punishment most negative. There is a demand for systematic security work. Conclusion: The result links to previous research that both confirms and demonstrates areas for improvement. The existence of the security plan is fundamental. Requested clarity and follow-up can be an expression of the area's size and the difficulty of obtaining a comprehensive picture of the safety work. Different forms of social exchange are what are considered to have an effect on the students' health and should therefore be given priority. Security work can benefit from collegial learning and the content of the safety plan may need to be supplemented. Success factors and improvement proposals can contribute to a clearer anchoring. However, the low response rate should be taken into account and any implementation of proposals should be reconciled with staff.

The thesis dealing with the occupational safety and health protection for acute care department nurses had three goals. The first goal was to map the specifics of health protection and safety at work for acute care department nurses. The second goal was to ascertain the most frequent occurrence of failures to adhere to the H&S rules. The third goal was to find out whether the duration of the practice and the level of education affect the H&S knowledge among nurses. Qualitative as well as quantitative research was applied to the ascertainment of the answers to the prepared questions. When the two kinds of research had been set it was necessary to set research questions and hypotheses. The method of hidden observation of nurses working at an anaesthesiology and resuscitation department was applied within the qualitative research. Ten nurses were observed. The method of questionnaire survey sent through the Internet was used to obtain the quantitative results. Surprisingly, two hundred and forty respondents replied to the questionnaire. To confirm the hypotheses a statistical processing was carried out, which confirmed or refuted the significance level of the individual questions and replies. The asset of this work and of a part of its results is a finding that nurses from an anaesthesiology and resuscitation department are aware of the necessity of the adherence to the H&S rules and instructions, which protects their health, but they fail to do it in practice. This is why the results of this thesis might stimulate further solutions. The thesis also contains a proposal how to deal with complicated situations. All solutions are however completely individual and depend on the internal and further rules set by the hospital management.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to present the institute of work inspection with a focus on Civil Engineering. Another focus is to present health and safety coordinator in relation with the institute of work inspection. I would like to draw from practical experience gained at work so I will visit construction sites with a coordinator and an inspector from the institute and consequently I will try to evaluate these inspections. At the end of the thesis I will focus on risk precautions where I will apply one method with which I will solve a practical example.