Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:31:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCIANO DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 979996 bytes, checksum: fae9affbc03a96037c6e547eead53af3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-27 / This research discusses the public policy of the textbook, obtained by following the guidelines of the Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). Study focuses on the process of choosing textbook of Language Portuguese, the final fundamental teaching education in state education. Its main objective is to understand how it happens inside of school, the process of choosing textbook and how teachers use the textbook in their teaching. To collect this information, interviews were conducted with pedagogues and teachers of Language Portuguese who worked in state schools in the city of Ponta Grossa - PR. These interviews were recorded and transcribed after read several times, with the aim of identifying the key points of information to list, the very speech of the subjects studied, categories of analysis. After identifying these categories, the individual speeches were organized into collective discourses. This procedure of organizing the data collected was inspired by the DSC (Collective Subject Discourse) and Lefevre and Lefevre (2005). For the discussion of data, Oliveira and Guimarães (1984), Freitag et. al (1987, 1993), Baptist (2001, 2004), Cury (2009) helped to rescue historical and political aspects of the textbook. The authors Apple (1995), Heller (1989) and Chartier (2002) helped to expand the concepts of the textbook, on the routine of school and to the understanding of the them practices in the classroom, using the textbook. The result of analises showed that there is some mismatch between what it proclaims the official documents on how it should happen to choose the textbooks and the practices that are effective within the school. Another point highlighted was that the printed material, the textbook, provided by MEC, chosen by teachers, is in an important support material for teachers, however its use in the classroom is not appropriate in light of obstacles bureaucratic policy itself (PNLD). It was verified that the Brazilian state catalyzed since the beginning of the 1st law of textbooks, intellectuals and groups in a certain social recognition and academic, was mixed ideological to compose the team of MEC, set policy, to classify the books available for analysis at the federal level, in order to ensure the legitimacy of state action. The study showed that the product textbook has played and continues to play a decisive role in political clashes between the established state and civil society as it meets the interests of economic, social, political and religious groups in certain editorials. / Esta pesquisa discute a política pública do livro didático, através das orientações advindas do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). Focaliza no estudo o processo de escolha do livro didático de Língua Portuguesa, das séries finais do Ensino Fundamental, em escolas públicas estaduais. Tem como principal objetivo compreender como acontece, no interior da escola, o processo de escolha do livro didático e como os professores utilizam esse material didático no seu trabalho docente. Para a coleta dos dados empíricos foram realizadas entrevistas com pedagogas e professores de língua portuguesa que atuavam em escolas estaduais do município de Ponta Grossa – PR. Essas entrevistas foram gravadas e depois de transcritas lidas diversas vezes, com o objetivo de identificar os pontos principais das informações para elencar, do próprio discurso dos sujeitos pesquisados, categorias de análise. Após a identificação dessas categorias, os discursos individuais foram organizados em discursos coletivos. Esse procedimento de organização dos dados coletados foi inspirado no DSC (Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo) de Lefreve e Lefreve (2005). Para a discussão dos dados Oliveira e Guimarães (1984), Freitag et. al (1987, 1993), Batista (2001, 2004), Cury (2009) contribuíram para resgatar aspectos históricos e políticos do livro didático. Os autores Apple (1995), Heller (1989) e Chartier (2002) auxiliaram para a ampliação de conceitos sobre o livro didático, sobre o cotidiano da escola e para a compreensão das práticas que os professores desenvolvem, na sala de aula, com o uso do livro didático. O resultado da análise constatou que há descompasso entre o que apregoa os documentos oficiais sobre a forma como deve ocorrer a escolha do livro didático e as práticas, que são efetivadas no interior da escola. Outro ponto evidenciado foi que esse material impresso, o livro didático, disponibilizado pelo MEC, escolhido pelos professores, constitui-se em um material de apoio importante para os professores, no entanto o seu uso na sala de aula não é adequado em função de entraves burocráticos da própria política do PNLD. Foi possível verificar que o Estado brasileiro catalisou, desde o início da 1ª lei do livro didático, intelectuais e grupos de certo reconhecimento social e acadêmico, de diferentes matizes ideológicas para compor a equipe do MEC, definir a política, classificar os livros disponibilizados para a análise na esfera federal, com vistas a garantir a legitimidade da ação estatal. O estudo evidenciou que o produto livro didático desempenhou e continua a desempenhar um papel decisivo nos embates políticos estabelecidos entre o Estado e a sociedade civil à medida que atende a interesses de ordem econômica, social, política e religiosa de determinados grupos editorais.

O foco na relação entre Estado e sociedade tem influenciado a ação e a organização da Administração Pública. Verifica-se a criação de novas formas de atuação, inspiradas no postulado da democracia participativa, alterando profundamente a relação da Administração com seus agentes e com sua estrutura hierárquica, mas principalmente com seus administrados. Rompe-se o autoritarismo estatal, legitimando a participação da sociedade civil como instrumento de cidadania e, por conseguinte, da democracia. O Estado substitui a verticalidade pela horizontalidade em suas relações, não mais atuando em contraposição, mas em colaboração com a sociedade. Referido movimento decorre principalmente da consagração do princípio da subsidiariedade, da tendência do consensualismo e, por fim, da busca pelo agir estatal em função dos resultados. Com este plano de fundo, a presente dissertação vislumbra que uma das consequências da democracia participativa é o incremento do fomento estatal - de incentivo - às atividades privadas, em especial do terceiro setor. Em seguida, pontua a percepção de que a disponibilidade de recursos é escassa e de que não é possível ao Estado transferi-los a todos, alimentando a necessidade de construção de um procedimento administrativo prévio de escolha, cujas fases devem estar pautadas nos princípios da publicidade, da isonomia, da eficiência e da moralidade. Após breve histórico a respeito do fomento no Brasil, conclui pela necessidade de implantação de uma referência organizacional, não só pelo fato de à Administração Pública recair a responsabilidade de dispensar medidas legais de parcerias com a sociedade civil, como também porque a formação da relação jurídica de fomento demanda a construção de procedimentos de controle dessa atuação estatal. Ao constatar que a construção de um ambiente favorecedor da criação e do funcionamento de organizações da sociedade civil deve ser um desafio prioritário na agenda nacional, perpassando, necessariamente, pela criação de um ambiente regulatório favorável, que estimule práticas de governança e gestão, abrindo caminho para uma administração mais profissional dessas organizações e criando mecanismos de controle e transparência adequados, conclui que a implantação do novel processo de seleção denominado chamamento público, contido na Lei Federal n. 13.019/2014, após o estudo de todas as etapas que nele estão envolvidas, representa grande valia ao melhoramento da organização administrativa do Estado, consagrando maior participação e eficiências nas ações do Estado e, por conseguinte, ao desenvolvimento do Estado Democrático de Direito. / The focus on the relationship between State and society has influenced the action and organization of Public Administration. The creation of new forms of action, inspired by the postulate of participatory democracy, has profoundly altered the relationship of the Public Administration with its agents and with its hierarchical structure, but mainly with its administered ones. State authoritarianism is broken, legitimizing the participation of civil society as an instrument of citizenship and, consequently, of Democracy. The State replaces verticality by horizontality structures in their relations, no longer counteracting the performance of society, but acting as a collaborator. This movement is mainly due to the principle of subsidiarity, from the tendency of consensualism and, finally, from the state actions in the quest for results. With this background, this dissertation envisions that one of the consequences of participatory democracy is the increase of public support to private activities, especially of third sector. It then notes the perception of limited availability of public resources and that it is not possible for the State to equally distribute these resources to all interested parties, fueling the need to build a prior administrative procedure of selection, guided by the principles of transparency, isonomy, efficiency and morality. After a brief account of fomenting in Brazil, the conclusion is that there is a need to implement an organizational reference, not only because the Public Administration has the responsibility of dispensing legal measures of partnerships with civil society, but also because the formation of the legal relationship requires the development of procedures to control this state actions. Noticing that the creation of an enabling environment must be a priority in a national agenda for the start-up and operation of civil society organizations, necessarily through the origination of a favorable regulatory environment that stimulates governance and management practices, opening the way for a more professional administration of these organizations and creating mechanisms of adequate control and transparency, concludes that the implementation of the novel selection process called public call, created by Federal Law 13.019/2014, after studying all the stages involved in it, represents a great value to the improvement of the administrative organization of the State, consecrating greater participation and efficiencies in the actions of the State and, consequently, the development of the Democratic State of Law.

The problem of this study was to examine the selection process used in the appointment of high school principals in the forty-eight large-city school districts of the nation. The purposes of this study were (1) to examine how principals of high schools in large-city districts are selected, and (2) to determine the criteria considered important in the selection process. In order to conduct this investigation a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was validated by a twelve-member panel composed of eleven public school administrators and a former United States Commissioner of Education. Significant findings which tend to be supported by the data are: 1. Human relations skills were considered as being most important in selecting principals. 2. Superintendents placed little value on the personal traits of candidates. 3. Instructional skills ranked third in importance. 4. The selection process depended heavily on biographical data and the use of the interview. 5. Teaching experience and a master's degree are essential. 6. Assistant superintendents are involved in the selection process more often than any other group, but superintendents are most influential in the selection process. 7. School facilities, pupils, and parents are seldom involved in the selection process, and when involved, their influence is minimal. 8. Very little use is made of rating scales and standardized tests. 9. In the selection process six items were identified as being very important and five items were identified as being of little value. 10. The instrument was able to isolate five categories that are present in the selection process, and fourteen items were identified as being the underlying factors in these five categories.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:41:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jessica_Carolina.pdf: 7722789 bytes, checksum: d52f51618465373ff65f4c885e4f57ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The study on the casualization of teaching in the State Public Schools, under the guidance of Prof. Dr. José Luiz Zanella Program Graduate Geography Strictu Sensu, MSc level, the State University of West Paraná - Campus Francisco Beltran-PR, aimed to analyze the conditions of teachers' work, in particular teachers PSS , referred to the Public Schools controlled by the State Government of Paraná, in the period 2008-2012, with the cutout area of study, the State Schools of Rondon. The research aims to demonstrate, based on historical elements, as it is possible to perform a reading of the precariousness of work faculty, linking it to changes in society over the centuries and especially when it refers to the world of work, using the reference classical theory, which allows from the historical and dialectical materialism to understand the current circumstances that, in order to understand the process of casualization of labor relations, and in particular the teaching office, closely articulated with the school public. This sense, research tends to demonstrate teaching, nowadays, as susceptible to instability and alienation of the worker. / O estudo sobre a precarização do trabalho docente nas Escolas Públicas Estaduais, sob orientação do Prof. Dr. José Luiz Zanella do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia Strictu Sensu, nível Mestrado, da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná campus de Francisco Beltrão-PR, objetivou-se a analisar as condições do trabalho docente, em específico os professores PSS, ao que se refere às Escolas Públicas controladas pelo governo Estadual do Paraná, no período 2008 a 2012, tendo como área recorte de estudo, as Escolas Estaduais de Marechal Cândido Rondon. A pesquisa visa demonstrar, a partir de alguns elementos históricos, como é possível realizar uma leitura da precarização do trabalho a docente, articulando-a às mudanças da sociedade ao longo dos séculos e principalmente ao que se refere ao mundo do trabalho, utilizando do referencial teórico clássico, que possibilita a partir do materialismo histórico e dialético compreender as atuais circunstâncias desse, visando entender o processo de precarização das relações de trabalho, e em específico do ofício docente, articulado intimamente com a escola pública.Nesse sentido, a pesquisa tende a demonstrar o trabalho docente, nos dias atuais, como susceptível à precarização e alienação do trabalhador.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:30:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jessica_Carolina.pdf: 7722789 bytes, checksum: d52f51618465373ff65f4c885e4f57ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The study on the casualization of teaching in the State Public Schools, under the guidance of Prof. Dr. José Luiz Zanella Program Graduate Geography Strictu Sensu, MSc level, the State University of West Paraná - Campus Francisco Beltran-PR, aimed to analyze the conditions of teachers' work, in particular teachers PSS , referred to the Public Schools controlled by the State Government of Paraná, in the period 2008-2012, with the cutout area of study, the State Schools of Rondon. The research aims to demonstrate, based on historical elements, as it is possible to perform a reading of the precariousness of work faculty, linking it to changes in society over the centuries and especially when it refers to the world of work, using the reference classical theory, which allows from the historical and dialectical materialism to understand the current circumstances that, in order to understand the process of casualization of labor relations, and in particular the teaching office, closely articulated with the school public. This sense, research tends to demonstrate teaching, nowadays, as susceptible to instability and alienation of the worker. / O estudo sobre a precarização do trabalho docente nas Escolas Públicas Estaduais, sob orientação do Prof. Dr. José Luiz Zanella do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia Strictu Sensu, nível Mestrado, da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná campus de Francisco Beltrão-PR, objetivou-se a analisar as condições do trabalho docente, em específico os professores PSS, ao que se refere às Escolas Públicas controladas pelo governo Estadual do Paraná, no período 2008 a 2012, tendo como área recorte de estudo, as Escolas Estaduais de Marechal Cândido Rondon. A pesquisa visa demonstrar, a partir de alguns elementos históricos, como é possível realizar uma leitura da precarização do trabalho a docente, articulando-a às mudanças da sociedade ao longo dos séculos e principalmente ao que se refere ao mundo do trabalho, utilizando do referencial teórico clássico, que possibilita a partir do materialismo histórico e dialético compreender as atuais circunstâncias desse, visando entender o processo de precarização das relações de trabalho, e em específico do ofício docente, articulado intimamente com a escola pública.Nesse sentido, a pesquisa tende a demonstrar o trabalho docente, nos dias atuais, como susceptível à precarização e alienação do trabalhador.

O foco na relação entre Estado e sociedade tem influenciado a ação e a organização da Administração Pública. Verifica-se a criação de novas formas de atuação, inspiradas no postulado da democracia participativa, alterando profundamente a relação da Administração com seus agentes e com sua estrutura hierárquica, mas principalmente com seus administrados. Rompe-se o autoritarismo estatal, legitimando a participação da sociedade civil como instrumento de cidadania e, por conseguinte, da democracia. O Estado substitui a verticalidade pela horizontalidade em suas relações, não mais atuando em contraposição, mas em colaboração com a sociedade. Referido movimento decorre principalmente da consagração do princípio da subsidiariedade, da tendência do consensualismo e, por fim, da busca pelo agir estatal em função dos resultados. Com este plano de fundo, a presente dissertação vislumbra que uma das consequências da democracia participativa é o incremento do fomento estatal - de incentivo - às atividades privadas, em especial do terceiro setor. Em seguida, pontua a percepção de que a disponibilidade de recursos é escassa e de que não é possível ao Estado transferi-los a todos, alimentando a necessidade de construção de um procedimento administrativo prévio de escolha, cujas fases devem estar pautadas nos princípios da publicidade, da isonomia, da eficiência e da moralidade. Após breve histórico a respeito do fomento no Brasil, conclui pela necessidade de implantação de uma referência organizacional, não só pelo fato de à Administração Pública recair a responsabilidade de dispensar medidas legais de parcerias com a sociedade civil, como também porque a formação da relação jurídica de fomento demanda a construção de procedimentos de controle dessa atuação estatal. Ao constatar que a construção de um ambiente favorecedor da criação e do funcionamento de organizações da sociedade civil deve ser um desafio prioritário na agenda nacional, perpassando, necessariamente, pela criação de um ambiente regulatório favorável, que estimule práticas de governança e gestão, abrindo caminho para uma administração mais profissional dessas organizações e criando mecanismos de controle e transparência adequados, conclui que a implantação do novel processo de seleção denominado chamamento público, contido na Lei Federal n. 13.019/2014, após o estudo de todas as etapas que nele estão envolvidas, representa grande valia ao melhoramento da organização administrativa do Estado, consagrando maior participação e eficiências nas ações do Estado e, por conseguinte, ao desenvolvimento do Estado Democrático de Direito. / The focus on the relationship between State and society has influenced the action and organization of Public Administration. The creation of new forms of action, inspired by the postulate of participatory democracy, has profoundly altered the relationship of the Public Administration with its agents and with its hierarchical structure, but mainly with its administered ones. State authoritarianism is broken, legitimizing the participation of civil society as an instrument of citizenship and, consequently, of Democracy. The State replaces verticality by horizontality structures in their relations, no longer counteracting the performance of society, but acting as a collaborator. This movement is mainly due to the principle of subsidiarity, from the tendency of consensualism and, finally, from the state actions in the quest for results. With this background, this dissertation envisions that one of the consequences of participatory democracy is the increase of public support to private activities, especially of third sector. It then notes the perception of limited availability of public resources and that it is not possible for the State to equally distribute these resources to all interested parties, fueling the need to build a prior administrative procedure of selection, guided by the principles of transparency, isonomy, efficiency and morality. After a brief account of fomenting in Brazil, the conclusion is that there is a need to implement an organizational reference, not only because the Public Administration has the responsibility of dispensing legal measures of partnerships with civil society, but also because the formation of the legal relationship requires the development of procedures to control this state actions. Noticing that the creation of an enabling environment must be a priority in a national agenda for the start-up and operation of civil society organizations, necessarily through the origination of a favorable regulatory environment that stimulates governance and management practices, opening the way for a more professional administration of these organizations and creating mechanisms of adequate control and transparency, concludes that the implementation of the novel selection process called public call, created by Federal Law 13.019/2014, after studying all the stages involved in it, represents a great value to the improvement of the administrative organization of the State, consecrating greater participation and efficiencies in the actions of the State and, consequently, the development of the Democratic State of Law.

[No abstract supplied]

Performance appraisal has been well established as an important management tool for improving individual and organisational performance, and has attracted considerable research interest over the past fifty years. Many previous studies of performance appraisal have been conducted either in laboratory settings, or have tended to focus narrowly on raters and/or the appraisal process, or of necessity have excluded from consideration the group dynamics prevalent in large organisations. Additionally, although it has long been recognised that the purpose of performance appraisal can affect ratings, little appears to have been done in situ on performance appraisal as a part of a complex personnel management system. One consequence of this approach has been a degree of uncertainty on the utility of laboratory and other findings to working appraisal systems. Moreover, previous examinations have focused on civilian organisations even though military organisations have an equally long history of using performance appraisal for a range of purposes. Using a sample (N = 577) of senior air force officers from three adjacent rank levels, this study examined the relationships between performance appraisal rating leniency, the perceived causes of leniency, and two personnel selection processes based on appraisal data. Rating leniency was perceived to be widespread, and was found to be associated with a lack of confidence (or mistrust) in several aspects of the performance appraisal system and related officer selection processes. While officer groups did not show any practically significant differences in perception of the prototype of the ideal commander (the leader), raters used a range of prototypes for estimating officers' promotion potential and suitability for command. Officers from one employment specialisation tended to stand apart in their view of the appraisal system and personnel selection processes, and the lower ranking officers surveyed tended to be more critical of the performance appraisal system and selection processes than were the higher ranking officers. In terms of selection process outcomes, 21.7% of officers were not satisfied with the management and leadership style of their commander, and officers at the lower organisational levels were found to be significantly (p<.005) more satisfied with their commander that those at the highest level. Satisfaction was found to be predicted by a multiple regression equation (R2=.72, p<.001), with the elements of the equation reinforcing the importance of a human-relations orientation for effective leaders. This study suggests that the behaviour of a working performance appraisal system can be predicted by established theory and that a model of system effectiveness may be possible, embracing rating errors, rating format, reliability factors (such as dyadic quality and period of observation), criterion validity of the appraisal instrument, and rater trust in the system. Additionally, this study suggests that upwards appraisal may be a useful input to the process for selecting leaders, if only to indicate which appraisal dimensions are perceived by subordinates to be important.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Risk Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

<p>I denna uppsats tas frågan upp om vilka drivkrafter som låg bakom förändringen i urvalsprocessen för stridspiloter under 70-talet. 1970 skedde en reform av urvalssystemet där det gick från ett karakterologiskt urval till ett stegvist urval. Det karakterologiska urvalet baserades till större del på psykologiska intervjuer medan det stegvisa urvalet var en rad olika tester som riktade sig mot vissa specifika områden inom flygandet. Även i det stegvisa urvalet använder man sig utav psykologintervjuer men det är inte längre den övervägande största delen av informationskälla för UTK. Arbetet är upplagt som en hypotesprövning där forskaren ställt upp fyra olika hypoteser för vad som var drivkraften bakom förändringen i urvalsprocessen. De olika hypoteserna testar om det är förändringar i utbildningen, flygsäkerhets faktorer, flygteknologisk utveckling eller effektivitet i examinerande av piloter som är huvuddrivkraften. Det forskaren kommit fram till är att huvuddrivkraften bakom förändringen i urvalsprocessen är effektivitetstänkandet. Arbetet med att ta fram en ny urvalsprocess har skett i syfte att minska antalet avgångar från utbildningen men har uppnått det genom att kunna införa DMT som testmetod och en ny utbildningssyn på flygskolan. Genom noggrannare tester och tolkningar av testresultat kan UTK numera utgå från att varje elev som tas ut i urvalsprocessen har de grundförutsättningar som krävs för att genomföra en godkänd GFU, vilket är en viktig del i dagens effektiva utbildning.</p> / <p>In this essay raises the question about the driving forces behind the change in the selection process for fighter pilots during the 70s is raised. 1970 there was a reform of the fighter pilot selection system where it went from a characterological selection to “stegvist urval”. The characterological selectionwas based mostly on psychological interviews while “stegvist urval” was a range of tests directed against certain specific areas of flying. Even in the “stegvist urval” interviews by psychologists are used, but is no longer the main source of information for UTK. The work is structured as a hypothesis which the researcher has set four different hypotheses for what was the driving force behind change in the selection process. The different hypotheses test if it is the changes in training, flight safety factors, technological development or the graduating of pilots that isthe main driving force. The researcher arrived at the conclusion that the main driving force behind the change in the selection process is effectivity. The work of developing a new selection process has been in purpose to reduce the number of drop-offs from the flight training. That has been achieved by introducing the DMT method in the selection process and a new way of conducting the flight training at flight school. By carefully testing and interpreting test results, UTK now can assume that every student that passes the selection process has the necessary pre requisites to complete basic flight training, which is an important part of today's effective flight training.</p>