This study deals with pastoral guidance for persons who, due to unresolved trauma, are often emotionally and spiritually wounded and consequently exhibit internalised lies. Some important questions relating to this theme put on the table here include the following: * What is the origin of an internalised lie? * What effect do these lies have on the life of the wounded person? * What is truth and how can it be discerned? * How can the wounded person be guided and protected in the renewal of his/her thinking? The basic–theoretical research shows that being emotionally wounded and the accompanying internalisation of lies usually take place during childhood. This is the period when the child does not have the verbal, emotional or spiritual competence to interpret correctly or assimilate trauma and the accompanying injury. Further it transpires that the emotionally wounded person is engaged in a daily struggle with Satan and that the struggle mainly lodges in his heart and thoughts, and is based on lies. From this section it is also clear that only truth can overcome the onslaught of Satan's misrepresentation and that the truth can only be reached in a relationship with Jesus Christ. The wounded person has the choice of whom to follow, Satan or Jesus. It is therefore essential for such a person to take up the daily responsibility for the renewal and control of his mind. For this the Lord provides special weapons with which the struggle for renewal of one?s thoughts can successfully be approached. Meta–theoretical research has shown that optimal brain functioning is of cardinal importance in the renewal of the mind since behaviour, personality, cognitive ability, emotions as well as thoughts all originate in the brain. The brain is the most complex organ in the human body and the way it functions affects a person?s choices, vision and personality as well as success or failure in life. In the case of a person manifesting broken relationships or compulsive behaviour patterns, it must first be ascertained whether the brain functions correctly before labelling the person with some or other abnormality. The study shows that the brain does have the ability to recover with the help of diet and exercise as well as attitude of mind. The empirical study involved six collaborators who had been exposed to inter–generative trauma and consequently had exhibited internalised lies. Information relevant to trauma, medical background, head injuries and the family of origin was collected and after being processed, was presented in a genogram. The structure and style of every family as well as the role of the particular respondent in every family was represented schematically and explained to the respondent. From the practical–theoretical section it clearly emerged that emotional and spiritual healing can only take place by means of God's Word and his truth. In this respect it is essential that the injured person should take daily responsibility regarding the renewal of his mind. After all, transformation is a process demanding patience and practice as well as faith in Christ and it is clear that there are no shortcuts to healing. To reach the necessary goals in this process an integrated holistic approach is necessary where the different neighbouring sciences are involved. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Pastoral))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Thesis (Masters) -- The College of Saint Elizabeth, 2010. / Typescript. Available at The College of Saint Elizabeth - Office of Graduate Programs. "March 2010"

Sociala mediers stora utbredning de senaste åren har inneburit ett ökat intresse för hur de påverkar oss i våra romantiska relationer. Tidigare forskning har med kvantitativa metoder bland annat kunnat påvisa en positiv korrelation mellan överdrivet användande av sociala medier och grad av upplevd svartsjuka och ensamhet. Denna studie avsåg att genom kvalitativa djupintervjuer med fem unga vuxna undersöka huruvida och på vilka sätt sociala medier inverkar på romantiska relationer. Utöver att bekräfta fynd från tidigare studier visade denna studie att sociala medier inverkar på romantiska relationer främst som en katalysator och grogrund för problem som redan finns i den romantiska relationen. Exempel på problem som beskrevs av intervjudeltagarna är ökad misstro/misstänksamhet, ökat behov av kontroll/övervakande av partner och upplevelse av att vara bortvald eller konkurrera med sociala medier om partnerns uppmärksamhet. Vidare upplevde deltagarna att styrkan av en individs självkänsla spelar en viktig roll gällande huruvida dessa problem uppstår eller inte i en relation. I studien framkom även reflektioner hos deltagarna gällande hur frekvent användande av sociala medier kan inverka på romantiska relationer över en längre tidsperiod. / The continuing growth of social media during the last decade has resulted in an increased interest in what affect it has on our romantic relationships. Existing research using quantitative methods has suggested a correlation between excessive use of social media and an increase in feelings of jealousy and loneliness. This qualitative study of interviews with five young adults aims to examine in what ways the use of social media can be seen affect romantic relationships. Beyond confirming earlier findings, the study shows that the effect of social media on romantic relationships primarily is as a magnifier of pre-existing relational problems and a catalyst for potential relational difficulties. Among those problems described by the participants are an increase in distrust and suspicion, an increased need for control/supervision of one’s partner together with the experience of competing with social media for the attention of the significant other. Furthermore, the participants experienced that the strength of an individual’s self-esteem plays an important role regarding the degree of likelihood with which these problems arise within the relationship. The study also shows how the possible effect that frequent social media usage may have on the relationship in the long term is a question that is given much consideration by the participants.

L'objet de la présente thèse était d'examiner les relations entre les perceptions de soi, la motivation d'accomplissement et la pratique d'activité physique des personnes âgées. Une première étude menée dans une perspective dynamique (Ninot et al., 2004) a montré que l'estime de soi et les perceptions du soi physique chez les sujets âgés, présentaient un niveau plus bas, une instabilité plus importante, comparées aux perceptions de soi de jeunes adultes, mais aussi une non-stationnarité des séries temporelles. Le caractère labile de ces perceptions de soi étant démontré, une seconde étude a mis en évidence qu'une prise en charge en APA de sujets institutionnalisés très âgés entraînait des changements positifs de leur estime globale de soi et de leurs perceptions de valeur physique, d'apparence physique et de compétence sportive. Compte tenu de la mise en jeu de l'estime de soi dans les buts d'accomplissement (e.g., Wolfe & Crocker, 2002), les deux études suivantes ont consisté à valider un Questionnaire Français des Buts d'Accomplissement pour le Sport et l'Exercice Physique (QFBASEP ; Riou et al., 2012) prenant en compte les évolutions conceptuelles récentes du modèle en quatre buts d'Elliot et Murayama (2008). L'instrument ainsi créé nous a permis, dans une cinquième étude, de démontrer qu'une prise en charge en APA, pratiquée dans un climat motivationnel de maitrise entraînait une réduction de l'implication des personnes âgées institutionnalisées dans les buts de maîtrise-évitement habituellement considérés comme des réponses mal-adaptatives à la menace que constitue la confrontation au déclin de ses propres capacités (Elliot, 2005). Enfin, une sixième étude a permis de montrer qu'une combinaison de propriétés relatives aux buts d'accomplissement identifiées par Gernigon et collaborateurs (Gernigon, 2013 ; Gernigon et al., 2012) prédisait la participation à des activités physiques des personnes âgées. En conclusion, l'étude des facteurs psycho-sociaux de la pratique d'activités physiques a permis de déterminer les rôles respectifs de l'estime de soi et des perceptions du soi physique d'une part, et de la motivation d'accomplissement d'autre part, dans l'engagement des personnes âgées dans des comportements actifs physiquement. Nous avons démontré que des pratiques d'APA encadrées ouvrent la perspective d'un processus de réengagement dans des comportements actifs et peuvent constituer le point de départ de l'inversion du processus de déconditionnement (Préfaut & Ninot, 2009). / The aim of this doctoral research was to examine the relationships between self-perceptions, achievement motivation and physical activity in aging. A first study, that was conducted according to a dynamical perspective (Ninot et al., 2004), showed that elderly person's self-esteem and physical self perceptions displayed lower levels, higher instability than young adults', but a non-stationary time series. The lability of self perceptions being so evidenced, a second study showed that an intervention based on adapted physical activities conducted in institutes for elderly persons entailed among these people positive changes in their global self-esteem as well as in their perceptions of physical value, physical appearance, and sport competency. Given that self-esteem is contingent on the extent to which one achieves specific goals (e.g., Wolfe & Crocker, 2002), the next two studies consisted of validating a French Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport and Exercise (FAGQSE; Riou et al., 2012) that takes into account the Elliot and Murayama's (2008) recent conceptual evolvements of the four-goal framework. The creation of this instrument then enabled, in a fifth study, the demonstration that carrying out an intervention based on a mastery motivational climate entails a reduction of the institutionalized elderly persons' involvement in mastery-avoidance goals, a kind of goal that is considered a maladaptive response to the threat that people perceive when facing up to their own capabilities decline (Elliot, 2005). Finally, a sixth study showed that a combination of specific properties of achievement goals that were identified by Gernigon and his collaborators (Gernigon, 2013; Gernigon et al., 2012) predicted elderly persons' involvement in physical activities. To conclude, this examination of the social-psychological factors of involvement in physical activities led to the identification of the respective roles of self-esteem, physical self perceptions, and achievement motivation in elderly persons' involvement in physically active behaviors. We showed that the supervised practice of adapted physical activities may activate a process of re-engagement in active behaviors and may be the starting point of a reversal in deconditioning (Préfaut & Ninot, 2009).

The diploma thesis focuses on the concept of social work in the social and legal protection of children and social workers perception of the prestige this profession. The diploma thesis defines terms such as self-worth, self-realization, motivation and prestige, while the emphasis is mainly on meeting expectations that were formed before studying at university, or higher professional school. The work also focuses on the professional and systemic limits that social workers at OSPOD encounter, but also on the assumptions that are an integral part of the professional performance of social work at OSPOD. The empirical part of the thesis is focused on qualitative research, where semi-structured interviews were used and the respondents were selected on the basis of the reference selection. This thesis also looks into the problem and identification of critical areas, which are connected with the performance of social work on OSPOD, mainly in the context of perception of prestige of this profession.

Notre travail s’inscrivant dans le cadre de la psychologie de la santé s’intéresse aux effets de l’annonce d’un diagnostic de trouble démentiel sur la qualité de vie de la personne âgée, au sein d’un service de consultation mémoire à Bourg-en-Bresse (France). Nous posons le postulat que la manière d’annoncer un diagnostic pourrait conditionner le vécu de la maladie. Notre étude traite des réactions des patients à la suite de cette annonce.Nous avons constitué plusieurs groupes de patients permettant d’étudier les effets de l’annonce selon différents critères : le niveau d’atteinte cognitive, le type d’attachement, le type d’annonce faite par le médecin, le temps de l’annonce. Ainsi, un groupe a été constitué de personnes âgées dites transversales (c’est-à-dire rencontré une fois au début, lors de leur annonce ou au cours de leur suivi médical), puis un autre groupe dit longitudinal (rencontré depuis leur annonce puis tous les 3 mois pendant presque 2 ans pour les suivis les plus longs) , et enfin un groupe contrôle , nous permettant de servir de référence afin de comprendre les réactions des patients. Afin de compléter nos données issues des précédents groupes, nous avons également rencontré les aidants de certaines personnes âgées impliquées dans le processus diagnostic afin d’étudier leur réaction face à l’annonce et enfin, avons rencontré 3 groupes de personnes gravitant autour de l’annonce (médecins généralistes, gériatres et un groupe de famille) afin d’étudier leur discours et représentations de l’annonce diagnostic.Les résultats nous montrent:- Au niveau statistique: seules les réactions des aidants sont significatives dans leur utilisation plus prononcée du coping actif : planification et dans l’utilisation de mécanisme défense mature.- D’un point de vue statistique descriptif et qualitatif, on observe que des indicateurs de processus résilients (estime de soi et qualité de vie) sont présents chez nos sujets ayant reçu un diagnostic de trouble démentiel lorsque leur déclin cognitif était mesuré au-dessus de 24/30 au MMS et que leur déclin cognitif n’est pas trop rapide. Nos sujets longitudinaux nous apprennent qu’il est important pour développer un processus résilient après une annonce diagnostique d’un trouble démentiel de pouvoir avoir :- La perception de se sentir utile pouvant être reliée en partie au regard que perçoit la personne de ‘l’autre sur son trouble démentiel.Le couple aidant patient nous apporte l’information qu’il est important d’accompagner les remaniements d’attachement qui peuvent s’effectuer à la suite de l’annonce et au cours de l’évolution de la maladie afin de sécuriser l’aidant, ce qui aidera à sécuriser le patientNotre étude conclut qu’un parcours résilient est possible malgré le trouble démentiel et peut être entravé ou favorisé par le parcours diagnostic. L’éducation thérapeutique ( ETP) qui se développe depuis quelques années dans le cadre des maladies chroniques comme le diabète et de manière plus timide et peu structurée, dans le domaine des troubles démentiels ; pourrait au regard des indicateurs de résilience identifiés dans notre étude , servir de tuteur de résilience au couple patient-aidant. L’ETP par un accompagnement multidisciplinaire, permettrait de développer une autonomie relative du patient face à sa maladie en le rendant plus acteur de son parcours et cela offrirait un cadre sécurisant pour les différents acteurs du processus diagnostic et pour l’aidant. / Our work in the field of health psychology focuses on the effects of the announcement of a diagnosis of dementia on the quality of life of the elderly in Bourg en Bresse ( France). We postulate that the manner in which announcement is made,could influence people’sexperience of the disease. Our study tries to examine the reactions of patients following this announcement.Several patient groups were developed for the study the effects of the announcement based on several criteria : cognitive impairment levels, attachment type, physician announcement style, timing of the announcement.Thus, a first group consisted of elderly people, referred to as the cross-sectional group ( that is to say, they were met once at the beginning at the time of their announcement or during their medical follow-up). A second group was the longitudinal group ( met at their announcement and then met every 3 months for almost 2 years for the longest follow-up) and the final control group, serving as a reference in order to understand the reactions of the patients.In order to complement the data from the previous groups, we also the caregivers of certain elderly people involved in the diagnostic process in order to study their reactions facing the announcement. Finally, we met with 3 groups of people also implicated in the announcement ( general practitioners, geriatricians and a family group) to study their language and impressions concerning the diagnostic announcement.The results show :- From a statistical point of vie, only the reactions of caregivers are significant in their more prevalent use of active coping : planning and in the use of mature defense mechanisms- Frome a statistical, descriptive and qualitative point of view, we observe that resilience indicators ( self-esteem and quality of life) are present in our subjects diagnosed with dementia when their cognitive decline is measured above 24/30 on the MMS and their cognitive decline is not too rapid.- Our longitudinal subjects show us that in order to be able to develop resilience after a diagnostic announcement of dementia, it is important to have :- A feeling of usefulness which can be linked, in part, to the way the person thinks other perceive his or her dementia disorder.

Despite the feminisation of the workplace as one of the key developments of this domain, the meaning of work for women is little understood. A phenomenological approach was adopted in this study to gain in-depth understanding of the meaning ascribed to work by a sample of ten South African, women graduates. Literature was used to generate three models - a male-centred, stereotyped and contemporary conceptualisation. Unstructured interviews were conducted and the protocols analysed using the modified Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method (Creswell, 1998; Stones, 1985; 1986). Themes illustrated that the meaning of work for women is multifaceted and comprises a number of components including sense of identity and self-worth, meeting instrumental needs, social relatedness, serving others, intrinsic satisfaction and the exercise of power and authority. Findings suggested that the meaning women ascribe to work changes when they experience autonomy. Recommendations were made for future research and organisational practices. / Indust & Org Psychology / MA(IND AND ORG PSYCHOLOGY)

The purpose of the study was to construct a psycho-social model for team cohesion at a financial institution. The financial institution had been in existence for 127 years, and had faced significant challenges throughout its history of acquisitions and mergers to establish working teams that would give it a competitive edge in global financial markets. The research objective was to develop a psycho-social model for team cohesion by investigating the interrelationships and overall relationships amongst the independent constructs (self-worth, personality preferences and conflict resolution styles) and the relevant outcome (team cohesion). Furthermore, the study also scientifically tested the possible moderating effect of the employees’ socio-demographic characteristics (race, gender, age, level of education, job level and tenure) on the fostering of team cohesiveness. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design approach was selected and applied to a simple probability sample (N = 463) using standardised, valid and reliable measuring instruments. The population consisted of permanent employees, and the results revealed significant relationships between the construct variables. The canonical correlation indicated a significant overall relationship between the contingencies of self-worth domains, personality preferences and conflict resolution styles, and the team cohesion-related dispositions of cohesiveness and engaged. The structured equation modelling indicated a good fit of the data between the individuals’ contingencies of self-worth domains (family support, God’s love, virtues, competition, work competence, physical appearance and pleasing others), the accommodating conflict resolution style, an extraversion personality preference, and team cohesion. Hierarchical moderated regression showed that race, age, educational level and job tenure significantly moderated the relationship between the participants’ psycho-social attributes and team cohesion. Tests for significant mean differences revealed significant differences in terms of the socio-biographical variables. On a theoretical level, the study deepened understanding of the antecedent constructs (self-worth, personality preferences and conflict resolution styles) and team cohesion construct. On an empirical level, the study produced an empirically tested psycho-social model for team cohesion. This study will add significant practical, valuable knowledge to the organisation in managing the future establishment and enhancement of team cohesion, and when integrating new team members to the environment during organisational restructuring and re-alignment after acquisitions and mergers, without negatively affecting organisational effectiveness. These findings invariably provided new insight in managing and understanding inherent interpersonal conflict among employees in the workplace and the enhancement of team cohesion practices, thus adding to the existing body of knowledge in the fields of Consulting Psychology and Industrial and Organisational Psychology, more specifically in financial organisations. / Psychology / D. Phil. (Consulting Psychology)

Despite the feminisation of the workplace as one of the key developments of this domain, the meaning of work for women is little understood. A phenomenological approach was adopted in this study to gain in-depth understanding of the meaning ascribed to work by a sample of ten South African, women graduates. Literature was used to generate three models - a male-centred, stereotyped and contemporary conceptualisation. Unstructured interviews were conducted and the protocols analysed using the modified Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method (Creswell, 1998; Stones, 1985; 1986). Themes illustrated that the meaning of work for women is multifaceted and comprises a number of components including sense of identity and self-worth, meeting instrumental needs, social relatedness, serving others, intrinsic satisfaction and the exercise of power and authority. Findings suggested that the meaning women ascribe to work changes when they experience autonomy. Recommendations were made for future research and organisational practices. / Indust and Org Psychology / MA(IND AND ORG PSYCHOLOGY)