The objective of this investigation is to look into, and to describe, the development and merit of the Sepedi essay-oeuvre. The works taken into account are the essay collections that were published from 1943 to 1996. At the same time, the various sub-genres of the essay are described. These works are also appraised according to merit, in order to be able to illustrate the evolution of the genre. In order to succeed herein, the researcher has to describe, interpret, classify, and evaluate these works. The descriptive frame of reference used here is the one that has been established by the Department of African Languages, and which is an adapted model of the narratological. Here, three levels are distinguished, namely: (a) the narrative material where the subject is the primary concept; (b) the strategy of composition where the theme concept is especially relevant; and (c) the stylistic finishing of the work in which the author implants his own view of the matters therein. Before the investigation could be tackled formally, the road had to be traversed on what had been done previously on the essay in Sepedi. The articles of Groenewald and Mojalefa respectively, as well as the dissertation of Mohlala, covered only a scanty area of the total field of investigation. The essay concept is then defined. This necessarily led to a description of the genesis of this genre. Here short reference is made to the early French art of the essay. At this point the essay in English is also mentioned, primarily because of the connection to the essayist in Sepedi. The distinction between the formal and the informal essay is briefly discussed, after which we focus our research primarily on the latter. Because the essay, akin to the short story and the sketch, forms part of the art of the pithy, the difference between these three narrative forms is comprehensively elucidated. The various essays are then considered. The narrative material is summarised. The composition of material is discussed under the following headings: (a) The title; (b) the introduction; (c) the elaboration of the data; and (d) the recapitulation. According to these, three distinct categories of essay are differentiated, namely (a) the pioneering phase, (b) the experimental phase and (c) the phase of maturity. The essays of Matlala are classified in the first phase; in the second phase the labours of Masemola, Mojapelo, Tlooke and Mangokwane, then the essays of Mahapa, Mabitje, Selwalekwanadi, Makopo, Phala and Chupyane are grouped in the third phase. In the final, recapitulative chapter, the particular merits of (a) Matlala and Chupyane and (b) Mahapa and Mabitje are investigated. In the former, the versatility of Matlala and Chupyane is discussed, especially with respect to the wide range of types of essay that they wrote. Mahapa and Mabitje are then considered as essay innovators: first for the use of metaphor in the composition of the tale and, secondly, because the essays of both are presented in sequences, a fresh practice that enriches the traditional craft of the essay. / Thesis (DLitt (African Languages))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / African Languages / DLitt / Unrestricted

Thesis Abstract This thesis analyses the fiction of the twentieth-century Irish-American author Maeve Brennan through the lens of shame. All of Brennan's published writing has been included: her short stories and magazine contributions collected in The Long Winded Lady, The Springs of Affection, and The Rose Garden, as well as her novella The Visitor. Shame has recently been embraced in academia as a subject of research, as well as an interpretative key for literary analysis. The thesis examines shame in order to map out social and psychological experience of belonging, and the lack thereof, in Brennan's fiction, as both the threat and the reality of isolation, stemming from social rejection, occur as its prominent themes. These elements are also shown as connected to the issues of self-determination and identity, as Brennan's characters partly embrace and partly oppose social normativity. As some of their individual needs, especially those of women, are add odds with social expectations, they are effectively choosing between social inclusion on the one hand, and embracing their personal difference. As transgressions of social norms come with varying degrees of shame, the emotion is omnipresent in the highly regulated, and surveilled, environments that Brennan depicts. As the affect itself causes further...

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Undersökningens syfte är att belysa på vilket sätt teknikundervisningen med sin praktiskestetiskakaraktär kan gynna språkutveckling. Teknikundervisning handlar om att ställasinför ett problem som ska lösas, om att misslyckas, förändra, pröva igen och lyckas. Idenna studie har åtta elever i åldrarna tio till femton från en förberedelseklass skapat ensaga och arbetat praktiskt med konstruktioner, dokumentation, och textbearbetning ianslutning till denna. Undersökningen ger svar på frågor kring hur de praktiska delar inomteknikundervisning kan gynna språkutveckling hos barn med svenska som andraspråk.Särskilt fokus har legat på hur eleverna interagerar när de får konstruera figurer ochåterberätta sin saga med hjälp av dessa och praktiskt–estetiskt teknikarbete. Arbetet gertydligt svar på frågan hur teknikämnets problemlösande delar kan vara speciellt lämpligapedagogiska verktyg för språkutveckling vid arbete med elever i förberedelseklass.Berättarlust och språkutveckling stimuleras genom kreativt arbete och resultatet pekar påatt elever från förberedelseklasser klarar uppgiften med bravur. / The aim of this examination is to throw light on how the school subject Technology with itspractical aesthetical quality can support language development. Technology deals with thefact that you are faced with a problem that should be solved, about failure, change, tryagain and succeed. In this examination, the pupils have created a short story and workedpractically with constructions, documentation and revision connected to their story. Theexamination answers questions concerning in what way teaching in Technology supportlanguage development among children who have another mother tongue than Swedish.How pupils interact when they are able to construct diagrams and retell their story bydiagrams and practical aesthetical work in Technology have particularly been in focus. Thiswork clearly gives an answer to the question how Technology with its quality of solution ofproblems can be particularly suitable as a pedagogical tool within language developmentamong pupils in preparatory classes. Pleasure in storytelling and language development arestimulated by creative work and the result points to the fact that pupils from preparatoryclasses solve the task with dash.

It is the purpose of this paper to try to show the various methods used by Poe for securing a single unified effect in each of his stories. To facilitate the work, I shall divide his short stories into four groups: stories of effect, stories or ratiocination, stories of pseudo-science, and stories of satire and humor. It is inevitable that the chapters overlap in many instances because some methods are used in more than one type of story. Often a story may be placed in more than one group, since the divisions are so broad. Notwithstanding these difficulties, it is possible to find many methods used by Poe to develop the narrative style, so peculiarly his own, by which he seldom failed to produce a compelling story.

Notre mémoire prend pour objet d’étude les dix-sept textes brefs rassemblés dans le recueil Contes et nouvelles suivis du Théâtre, écrits durant la période symboliste et dans lesquels on constate un phénomène d’hybridation entre les genres narratif et dramatique ainsi qu’entre thèmes symbolistes et décadents. Le premier chapitre s’attache à l’étude de Contes et nouvelles suivis du Théâtre dans la perspective des poétiques du recueil afin de constituer les éléments qui en font une « anthologie de l’entre-deux » du corpus rachildien de textes brefs. En adoptant la perspective de la poétique des genres, il sera question dans le deuxième chapitre d’étudier l’hybridation des genres littéraires, plus précisément entre la prose narrative et le texte dramatique, donnant lieu à des textes en « prose dramatique » qui se situent entre texte à lire et à mettre en scène. Enfin, dans le troisième chapitre nous examinerons les thèmes et les motifs récurrents de l’imaginaire rachildien où s’entremêlent symbolisme et décadentisme, après nous être intéressée à « l’écriture artiste » sous la plume de Rachilde, qui permet de rendre « visibles » les différentes formes de spectres, d’illusions et d’ombres qui parsèment les textes de Contes et nouvelles suivis du Théâtre. / Since Rachilde is generally associated with the french Decadent mouvement, few people are informed that the author also contributed to the symbolist movement of the 1890’s by helping in the set-up of the Théâtre de l’Art and Théâtre de l’Œuvre and especially by composing plays, tales and short-stories which take part in the symbolist spirit of the late nineteenth century. Gathered in the collection Contes et nouvelles suivis du Théâtre published in 1900 by the Mercure de France, these seventeen texts written between 1890 and 1900 establish an anthology of what we call Rachilde’s "symbolist period" of short-story, tale and play writing. Our dissertation is interested in the phenomenon of hybridisation between narrative and dramatic genres as well as between decadent and symbolist themes in this collection little known amongst scholars and the general public. The first chapter of our dissertation becomes attached to the study of Contes et nouvelles suivis du Théâtre in the perspective of the poetics of the collection and examines how the combination of Rachilde’s texts leads to an "anthologie de l’entre-deux". In our second chapter, we adopt the viewpoint of the poetics of genre to discuss the hybridisation of literary genres in Contes et nouvelles suivis du Théâtre, more precisely the narrative and the dramatic genres, that result in "dramatic prose". Finally, in the third chapter, we shall examine the recurring themes of Rachilde’s writing, that entangles decadent and symbolist themes, after being interested in "le style artiste", which allows her to sketch "in a visible way" the various forms of spectres, illusions and shadows that strew the texts of Contes et nouvelles suivis du Théâtre.

Short story cycle Magija Beograda (2008, The Magic of Belgrade, Czech anthology Belgrade, my magic love!, 2014) is one of the last works of Serbian author Momo Kapor. His subject matter is contemporary picture of Belgrade and characters in his work are people, who are emotionally bound to this city. The aim of this dissertation is to introduce a Czech translation of the short stories and their translatological commentary. This work deals with the theme of Belgrade work of Kapor, which the author engaged in throughout his whole life and wrote in this style for more than ten years. This area of his work still does not have a Czech literary translation. This dissertation also brings more coherent author's portrait. Pivotal part consists of two chapters, first one is devoted to the profile of the author and the second one to the translation and commentary.

The thesis paper focuses on the American suburbia, which is understood as an important social and cultural concept which plays a key role in the cultural history of America. The paper defines the basic characteristics and components of the utopian myth of the modern suburbs, such as the pastoral ideal, the notion of deliberate withdrawal from the urban areas, the role of the community or the focus on family togetherness. These concepts are traced in the American cultural history, especially in the idealized legacy of the early settlers and early Puritan communities. The development of the usage and depiction of these cultural concepts in the literary fiction of the period between the 1950s and 80s is then traced in the texts of three major American chroniclers of the suburban life - John Cheever, John Updike, and Raymond Carver. The social context and the historical development of the suburbs are also taken into consideration.

The diploma thesis offers an analysis of a unique set of texts. The analysis explores the language devices used in the composition of the texts. The set of texts includes a short story Groza by Vladimir Nabokov and its translations. The short story was originally written in Russian, and then translated by the author into English. There exist two Czech translations, one from Russian, one from English. The thesis presents a theoretical framework for the analysis. It is composed of two parts. The first one summarizes the most frequent translation related changes in meaning. The second one compares Nabokov's theory and practice of translation. The theoretical framework is applied to the comparison of the target-language texts with the source-language texts, as well as to the comparison of the two translations from different source-language texts. Comparison of the results of the analysis with the hypotheses stated in the Introduction affirms the movement of the meaning towards stylistic neutrality and shows the influence of the source-language upon the target-language. On the other hand it rejects the statement that Nabokov as a self-translator wanted to preserve the literary qualities of the text, being ready to sacrifice its language qualities. Keywords: comparative analysis, language devices,...