No cabe duda que Lima y Callao tienen un serio problema de movilidad urbana, tan así que hoy es considerado como el segundo problema en importancia, después de la inseguridad ciudadana. Las externalidades que genera la movilidad urbana repercuten directamente en la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos y en la competitividad de la ciudad. Los orígenes del problema se pueden encontrar en la falta de planificación, el crecimiento desordenado y la regulación inadecuada, a lo que se debe sumar, sin duda las deficiencias en la gobernanza de la ciudad, la superposición de autoridades y la pérdida paulatina y constante de autoridad. A partir de realidad, el Poder Ejecutivo, intenta dar solución al problema, para lo que presenta al Congreso de la República un proyecto de ley destinado a la creación de una nueva entidad: la Autoridad de Transporte Urbano para Lima y Callao – ATU, que se encargaría de asumir las funciones y competencias que tenían las municipalidades de Lima y Callao, así como las de la Autoridad Autónoma del Tren Eléctrico (AATE) del Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones. La idea central es construir un sistema integrado de transporte en la ciudad. Este trabajo de investigación ha tenido como Objetivo General, realizar un análisis integral, sistémico y multidimensional de la creación de la Autoridad de Transporte Urbano para Lima y Callao - ATU, para saber si la respuesta pública es realmente sólida y es el medio apropiado para dar solución al problema de la movilidad urbana de la ciudad. En el análisis hemos encontrado, que además, la nueva entidad afronta riesgos que van desde una abierta amenaza a su existencia, por una acción de inconstitucionalidad que se ventila ante el Tribunal Constitucional; hasta notorias diferencias entre la realidad de Lima y Callao y los modelos de ciudad tomados como referencia para su creación (benchmarking). Al finalizar este Trabajo de Investigación hemos incluido conclusiones y recomendaciones que consideramos de importancia, pues nos permiten formular una propuesta de valor, que creemos puede contribuir a que la ATU pueda cumplir sus objetivos. / Lima and Callao have a serious problem of urban mobility, in citizen perception it is the second most important problem, after citizen insecurity. The externalities generated by this problem directly affect the quality of life of citizens and the competitiveness of the city. The origins of the problem can be found in the lack of planning, disorderly growth and inadequate regulation, which must undoubtedly add to the deficiencies in the governance of the city, the overlapping of authorities and the gradual and constant loss of authority. From an initiative of the Government, the public response to this situation has been the creation of a new entity: The Urban Transportation Authority for Lima and Callao – ATU, responsible for assuming the functions and competences that municipalities had, and from they build the city’s integrated transport system. This research work has had the general objective of carrying out a comprehensive, systemic and multidimensional analysis of the creation of the Urban Transport Authority for Lima and Callao, with the purpose of determining if it is the appropriate means to find a solution to the mobility problem urban city. After the investigation has been carried out, important conclusions have been reached on the problems that put the existence of the institution at risk, based on an unconstitutionality action that is presented before the Constitutional Court; about the difference between Lima and Callao compared to the city models taken as reference (benchmarking) and about the factors that can influence the achievement of their objectives. / Trabajo de Investigación

Los Dirigibles forman parte del grupo de tecnologías prometedoras que buscan impulsar el desarrollo de la humanidad a gran escala. Si bien es cierto, estas aeronaves ya han surcado los cielos durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, su desarrollo y operación fue interrumpido por uno de los más graves accidentes que han conmocionado a la humanidad. Han pasado décadas y hoy nos encontramos en una mejor posición tecnológica como para hacer que estos gigantes vuelvan a levantar vuelo de una manera segura. A pesar del desarrollo y avance científico alcanzado, aún no hemos logrado integrar a los pueblos ubicados en regiones de difícil acceso; aunque podría hacerse con los sistemas de transporte actuales, los costos serían demasiado onerosos y no muchos países tienen los recursos como para invertir en la infraestructura requerida; sumado a esto, está el deterioro del medio ambiente producto del incremento del consumo de combustibles fósiles por medio de aviones, barcos y camiones. Los dirigibles, son una buena alternativa para intentar cambiar el rumbo, su tecnología ya ha sido probada con éxito en el pasado y con los nuevos avances tecnológicos su futuro se presenta prometedor. En el Perú, existen muchas poblaciones ubicadas en regiones de difícil acceso, que no han logrado ser desarrolladas ni integradas completamente al sistema nacional; los dirigibles tienen la capacidad de poder lograr este objetivo y de brindar a estos pueblos esa oportunidad que han venido esperando por mucho tiempo. El presente trabajo evalúa, desde un punto de vista estratégico, los beneficios de poner en marcha el empleo de dirigibles en las actividades del transporte de carga en la Selva del Perú. / Airships are part of a group of promising technologies that seek to drive human development on a large scale. While it is true, these aircraft have already crossed the skies during the first decades of the 20th century, their development and operation was interrupted by one of the most serious accidents that have shocked humanity. Decades have passed and today we are in a better technological position to make these giants take flight again safely. Despite the development and scientific progress achieved, we have not yet managed to integrate the peoples located in regions of difficult access; Although it could be done with current transportation systems, the costs would be too onerous and not many countries have the resources to invest in the required infrastructure; In addition to this, there is the deterioration of the environment as a result of the increase in the consumption of fossil fuels by means of airplanes, ships and trucks. Airships are a good alternative to try to change course, their technology has already been successfully tested in the past and with new technological advances, their future looks promising. In Peru, there are many populations located in regions of difficult access, which have not managed to be fully developed or integrated into the national system; airships have the ability to achieve this goal and to provide these peoples with the opportunity they have been waiting for a long time. Through this work, the benefits of launching the use of airships in cargo transport activities in the Peruvian Jungle are evaluated from a strategic point of view. / Trabajo de investigación

El congestionamiento vehicular es el segundo problema más grande de los limeños, este se debe a que el sistema de transporte actual tiene algunas deficiencias. Sin embargo, existen sistemas vehiculares que han tenido más éxito, como es el caso del Sistema Metropolitano de Transporte de Lima (Metropolitano). No obstante, este también presenta algunos déficits, sobre todo, en la aplicación del Diseño Gráfico Ambiental que no permite que los usuarios se desenvuelvan correctamente en sus instalaciones. Por esa razón el objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar los principales problemas encontrados en el Metropolitano para poder crear una propuesta de solución basada en las herramientas que brinda el Diseño Gráfico Ambiental para comprobar si es que la implementación de Diseño Gráfico Ambiental, haciendo uso de sus elementos acompañados del uso de branding, códigos visuales, y un método de proyecto enfocado a diseño en el Sistema Metropolitano de Transporte de Lima puede mejorar la experiencia del usuario. Para el presente trabajo se realizó una investigación a nivel exploratorio y de enfoque cualitativo, ya que el objetivo era hallar las causas por las cuales los usuarios no logran conectar totalmente con las instalaciones del Metropolitano. La propuesta fue el replanteamiento del sistema de Diseño Gráfico Ambiental que va acompañado de una nueva identidad de marca. El resultado de los test fue en su mayoría positivo y por lo tanto se puede decir que la hipótesis presentada fue validada en el presente trabajo. / Traffic congestion is the second largest of the limeans problem, this is due to that the current transport system has some shortcomings. However, there are vehicular systems who have had more success, as it is the case of the Metropolitan system of transportation of Lima (Metropolitan). However, this also presents some deficits in its environmental design that not allows that users can manage is correctly in its facilities. Therefore, so the objective of the present study is to identify the main problems encountered in the system Metropolitan Transportation of Lima (Metropolitan) in order to create a proposal for a solution based on tools that provides design Environmental to thus be able to check if it is a good implementation of environmental graphic design, making use of its elements accompanied by the use of branding, Visual codes, and a method of project focused on design in the Metropolitan system of Transportation of Lima will allow that their user experience is improved. This study was an Experimental investigation level exploratory and qualitative approach, since the objective was to find the causes by which the users unable to connect completely with the metropolitan facilities. The proposal was the implementation of a system of environmental design that goes along with a new identity. The result of the test was mostly favourable so we can say that the hypothesis presented was validated in this study. / Trabajo de investigación

Esta dissertação trata dos abrigos para usuários em pontos de parada de ônibus na cidade de São Paulo, que são popularmente conhecidos como abrigo de ônibus. Toma como exemplo a produção mais recente no município: os abrigos SP450 e Barbosa & Corbucci (B&C), implantados na gestão da prefeita Marta Suplicy - 2001-2004. Apresenta os abrigos enfocando seus aspectos de concepção, produção e implantação, e os analisa através de suas características de mobiliário urbano e as relações com o sistema de transporte público urbano. Ao observar sua inserção dentro do funcionamento do sistema de transporte e da situação política, evidenciam-se os desvios entre a concepção das propostas e a realidade de sua implantação. Conforme verificado na pesquisa realizada, o desenvolvimento de uma peça de mobiliário abrange uma ampla escala - desde o planejamento urbano até detalhamento de projeto - com interface em diversas áreas do conhecimento: design e produção, instalação e manutenção de peças e serviços, legislação, exploração econômica, gestão de espaço público, gestão de infra-estrutura urbana, entre outras. Longe de esgotar o tema, a pesquisa documenta a atual condição de permanência na cidade, fornecendo subsídios para desenvolvimentos complementares, e expõe algumas das condicionantes de concepção e produção de abrigos de ônibus urbanos, como equipamento para uso em espaço público. / This work raises the formerly São Paulo city´s bus shelters. It starts with the most recent local production, developed in Marta Suplicy Mayor Management (2001-2004): SP450 and Barbosa & Corbucci bus shelters models. The text introduces the bus shelters focusing in the conception, production and installation aspects, and analyses them throughout your urban furniture characteristics and the bus system transportation relations. Looking inside the system transport management and the political situation, show up the differences between the original proposals and the real implementation. As verified, the urban space elements development reaches many scales - from urban planning until design detaliling - with interface in various fields: design and production, service installation and spare pieces maintenance conditions, legislation, economic exploitation, public space management, urban infrastructure management, among others. Without exhausting the theme, the research offers some outlines to the current situation - and provides subside for futures developments - and ask and expose some public space equipment conception and production limitations constraints, especially bus shelter´s guidelines.

Peruvian Airport Company (en adelante PAC) es la empresa a la cual se le ha adjudicado la concesión del mantenimiento, ampliación y administración del Aeropuerto Internacional Kuntur (en adelante AIK). De acuerdo con el contrato de concesión y el Plan de Desarrollo mínimo para la modernización de la infraestructura aeroportuaria, PAC está obligado a cumplir con hitos de inversión y mejoras obligatorias relacionadas con el incremento de las operaciones aeroportuarias. Para poder cumplir con ello, se busca que para el año 2022 el sistema actual incremente su capacidad de procesamiento de equipajes de 1,735 a 3,229 equipajes/hora en horario de máxima demanda. Mediante la implementación del programa “Mejoras en el sistema de transporte de equipajes” se busca ampliar y mejorar el sistema actual y evitar “cuellos de botella” y picos de demanda que podrían generar reclamos por parte de las aerolíneas y multas por incumplimiento de parte del organismo regulador (OSITRAN – MTC). Este programa está conformado por cuatro proyectos: Upgrade del sistema de máquinas de rayos X, Mejoras en el sistema de transferencia, Trabajos de Infraestructura y Ampliación e instalación de fajas transportadoras. El proyecto objeto de estudio del presente trabajo de investigación, es la Ampliación e instalación de fajas transportadoras en las zonas 01 a la 07 y deberá ser ejecutado en 453 días, desde el 06/02/2017 hasta el 31/10/2018. Se proyecta un valor actual neto de U$ 1,679,821 utilizando la tasa de retorno WACC de 9.26% y un presupuesto de $. 4,744,521. / Peruvian Airport Company (PAC) is the company that has been awarded the maintenance, expansion and administration of Kuntur International Airport (AIK). In accordance with the concession contract and the Minimum Development Plan for the modernization of airport infrastructure, PAC is obliged to comply with investment milestones and mandatory improvements related to the increase airport operations. In order to comply with this, the current system should process approximately 3,229 bags/hour during peak demand hours by 2022; however, it currently only processes 1,735 bags/hour. The implementation of the "Improvements in the baggage transport system" program seeks to expand and improve the current system and avoid "bottlenecks" and spikes in demand that could lead to airline claims and fines for non-compliance by the regulatory body (OSITRAN – MTC). This program involves four projects: Upgrade of the X-ray machine system, Improvements in the transfer system, Infrastructure Works and Expansion and installation of conveyor belts. The project under study covers only the supervision of the expansion and installation of conveyor belts in zones 01 to 07 and should be implemented in 453 days, from 06/02/2017 to 29/10/2018. A net present value of $1,679,821 is projected using WACC return rate 9.26% and a budgeted amount of $. 4,744,521. / Trabajo de investigación

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-23T14:11:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielLeopoldinoPauloDeMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 18538026 bytes, checksum: 9019df0e1e126e6beab157e61c031b63 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-24T14:58:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielLeopoldinoPauloDeMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 18538026 bytes, checksum: 9019df0e1e126e6beab157e61c031b63 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T14:58:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielLeopoldinoPauloDeMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 18538026 bytes, checksum: 9019df0e1e126e6beab157e61c031b63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Durante as primeiras d?cadas do s?culo XX, Natal vivenciou um crescimento significativo. Ampliava seu tra?ado ? e, portanto, sua oferta de terra urbana ? a partir da cria??o de novos bairros, elabora??o de planos de interven??o, abertura de novos logradouros e redefini??o dos limites urbanos. Consolidavam-se tamb?m, concomitantemente, diversas redes t?cnicas, entre essas a do transporte p?blico, como as linhas de bonde e as ferrovias. Esse processo de moderniza??o revelou os crescentes interesses de diferentes articuladores sobre a produ??o da cidade e defini??o da legisla??o urban?stica durante a Rep?blica Velha (1889-1930). Esses indiv?duos, ou grupos de indiv?duos, atuaram, por meio do aforamento/enfiteuse de glebas urbanas, como detentores do dom?nio ?til de grandes fra??es de terra na capital potiguar. Nesse contexto, surge o questionamento: de que maneira o processo de consolida??o da posse da terra se relaciona com a defini??o do tra?ado dos logradouros p?blicos e dos sistemas de transporte em Natal? Parte-se da hip?tese de que a materializa??o de padr?es de concentra??o fundi?ria na cidade, intrinsecamente vinculados ? distribui??o de infraestrutura, aconteceu por meio da a??o de agentes sociais origin?rios, sobretudo, dos ?mbitos pol?tico e comercial-mercantil, que apresentavam interse??es significativas de seus interesses, o que intervinha diretamente no processo de defini??o da legisla??o urban?stica ? em especial no tocante ao instrumento do aforamento de terras urbanas. O principal objetivo desta an?lise ? compreender o papel da conforma??o dos padr?es f?sico-espaciais da emergente estrutura fundi?ria de Natal na constitui??o da malha vi?ria e das redes t?cnicas de circula??o. Destarte, busca-se contribuir n?o apenas em uma perspectiva hist?rica, mas tamb?m ao entendimento da cidade da contemporaneidade, mapeando as formas de estrutura??o urbana favorecidas pelo processo hist?rico e suas continuidades. Buscou-se tamb?m aprofundar o estudo das engrenagens e estrat?gias utilizadas pelos diversos agentes. Utilizou-se como fontes de dados prim?rios as Cartas de Aforamento do Munic?pio de Natal (1904-1930), Atos, Decretos e Mensagens do Governo da Prov?ncia e do Estado, Relat?rios e Resolu??es da Intend?ncia Municipal do Natal e o Almanak Laemmert, al?m da cartografia da ?poca. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram a constru??o de uma periodiza??o que evidencia defini??es no tra?ado vi?rio como elementos determinantes da primeira disposi??o de padr?es de concentra??o fundi?ria. Posteriormente, esses padr?es atra?ram investimentos em infraestrutura de transportes e pavimenta??o. Consequentemente, essa atra??o estabeleceu valora??es diferenciadas nas distintas fra??es urbanas, que, por sua vez, passaram a captar novos investimentos. Dessa forma, essa rela??o dial?tica e c?clica vai ao longo do tempo definindo e redefinindo valores hierarquizados de acesso ? terra no contexto intraurbano. / During the first decades of the twentieth century, Natal passed through a significant physical growth. The city expanded its routes - and thus its urban lands supplies ? because of the foundation of new neighborhoods and later intervention plans, opening new streets and redefining urban boundaries. Several technical networks consolidated concomitantly, among them, public transportation, like tram lines and railroads. This modernization process revealed the interests of different articulators over urban production and urban planning legislation during the Old Republic (1889-1930). These individuals, or groups of individuals, acted through the emphyseuse of urban areas, as holders of the useful domain of large fractions of land in the capital of the state. In this context, a question arises: in which way the process of consolidation of the land ownership in Natal is related to the structuring of the roads networks and urban transportation systems? It is assumed that the land concentration patterns, intrinsically related to the infrastructure distribution, resulted from the action of several social agents ? mostly, from the political and commercial-mercantile spheres, which presented many intersections among themselves ? intervening in urban planning legislation, especially in the emphyseuse?s rules. The main objective of this analysis is to understand the role of emerging urban land structure conformation in the constitution of urban layout and circulation technical networks. The aim is to contribute not only to a historical perspective, but also to understanding the contemporary city, mapping the forms of urban structure favored by the historical process and its continuities, seeking to deepen the study of the gears and strategies used by the various agents. Many were the primary sources of information: Letters of Empowerment of the Municipality of Natal (1904-1930), Acts, Decrees and Messages of the Government of the Province and State, Reports and Resolutions of the Municipality of Natal and the Almanak Laemmert, moreover the cartography from the period studied. The results of the research allowed the construction of a periodization that evidences definitions in the road mesh as determinants of the first disposition of land tenure patterns. Subsequently, these standards attracted investments in transport infrastructure and paving. Consequently, this attraction established differentiated valuations in diverse urban fractions, which, in turn, captured new investments. In this way, this relationship is dialectical and cyclical and goes over time defining and redefining hierarchical values of access to land in the intra-urban context.

Esta dissertação trata dos abrigos para usuários em pontos de parada de ônibus na cidade de São Paulo, que são popularmente conhecidos como abrigo de ônibus. Toma como exemplo a produção mais recente no município: os abrigos SP450 e Barbosa & Corbucci (B&C), implantados na gestão da prefeita Marta Suplicy - 2001-2004. Apresenta os abrigos enfocando seus aspectos de concepção, produção e implantação, e os analisa através de suas características de mobiliário urbano e as relações com o sistema de transporte público urbano. Ao observar sua inserção dentro do funcionamento do sistema de transporte e da situação política, evidenciam-se os desvios entre a concepção das propostas e a realidade de sua implantação. Conforme verificado na pesquisa realizada, o desenvolvimento de uma peça de mobiliário abrange uma ampla escala - desde o planejamento urbano até detalhamento de projeto - com interface em diversas áreas do conhecimento: design e produção, instalação e manutenção de peças e serviços, legislação, exploração econômica, gestão de espaço público, gestão de infra-estrutura urbana, entre outras. Longe de esgotar o tema, a pesquisa documenta a atual condição de permanência na cidade, fornecendo subsídios para desenvolvimentos complementares, e expõe algumas das condicionantes de concepção e produção de abrigos de ônibus urbanos, como equipamento para uso em espaço público. / This work raises the formerly São Paulo city´s bus shelters. It starts with the most recent local production, developed in Marta Suplicy Mayor Management (2001-2004): SP450 and Barbosa & Corbucci bus shelters models. The text introduces the bus shelters focusing in the conception, production and installation aspects, and analyses them throughout your urban furniture characteristics and the bus system transportation relations. Looking inside the system transport management and the political situation, show up the differences between the original proposals and the real implementation. As verified, the urban space elements development reaches many scales - from urban planning until design detaliling - with interface in various fields: design and production, service installation and spare pieces maintenance conditions, legislation, economic exploitation, public space management, urban infrastructure management, among others. Without exhausting the theme, the research offers some outlines to the current situation - and provides subside for futures developments - and ask and expose some public space equipment conception and production limitations constraints, especially bus shelter´s guidelines.

Submitted by Maria Beatriz Vieira (mbeatriz.vieira@gmail.com) on 2017-03-03T16:31:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) dissertacao_rodrigo_albaneze.pdf: 566039 bytes, checksum: 895fe9d687612ba7309af94cad320bff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-03-09T20:13:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_rodrigo_albaneze.pdf: 566039 bytes, checksum: 895fe9d687612ba7309af94cad320bff (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-03-09T20:15:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_rodrigo_albaneze.pdf: 566039 bytes, checksum: 895fe9d687612ba7309af94cad320bff (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-09T20:15:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_rodrigo_albaneze.pdf: 566039 bytes, checksum: 895fe9d687612ba7309af94cad320bff (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-15 / Sem bolsa / O dano mecânico constitui em um dos fatores limitantes à produção de sementes de soja de alta qualidade. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o dano mecânico causado na semente de soja, ao se utilizar a graneleiro transportador com sistema de descarga por caracol, como meio de transporte da colhedora para o caminhão, durante a colheita. Os levantamentos foram realizados em duas lavouras de produção de sementes de cooperados da C.Vale Cooperativa Agroindustrial, localizada em Abelardo Luz - SC. Acompanhou-se a colheita das sementes das cultivares CD 202 RR e BMX Turbo RR. Coletaram-se amostras das sementes colhidas em três diferentes horários (10:00, 12:30 e 16:00 horas) e em três locais (no depósito da colhedora, no graneleiro transportador e no caminhão). Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com dois fatores (local de colheita em 3 níveis e horário de colheita em 3 níveis), com quatro repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey em nível de 5 % de probabilidade. Avaliaram-se a percentagem de sementes quebradas (bandinhas), teor de água, dano mecânico no tegumento (hipoclorito) e germinação. O uso do equipamento auxiliar graneleiro transportador contribui para o aumento na incidência de sementes quebradas de soja, porém não interfere de forma direta na germinação do lote. A redução de umidade da semente no momento da colheita resulta em incremento de danos mecânicos imediatos e consequente diminuição do aproveitamento de sementes. Danos mecânicos em sementes de soja são cumulativos e a severidade varia com a cultivar. Sementes de soja maiores tendem a sofrer danos mecânicos mais graves do que sementes menores. / The mechanical damage is one of the limiting factors of soybean production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical damage in soybean seed when using the bulk carrier truck, with discharge by spiral system, as a means of transportation from the harvester to the truck, during harvest. The surveys were conducted in two seed production fields belonged to members of C.Vale Cooperativa Agroindustrial, located in Abelardo Luz - SC. Was monitored the harvest of the seeds of cultivars CD 202 RR and BMX Turbo RR. Samples were collected from seeds harvested at three different times (10:00 a.m, 12:30 p.m and 04:00 p.m) and in three places (in the bulk carrier of the harvester, in the bulk carrier that transport the seeds and in the truck). It was used a completely randomized design, with two factors (place of harvesting in 3 levels and harvest time in 3 levels), with four replications. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. We evaluated the percentage of broken seeds, moisture content, hypochlorite test and standart germination test. It was found that the use of the bulk carrier auxiliary equipment, contribute to an increase in the percentage of broken soybeans, but not interfering directly on their viability; the reduction in seed moisture at harvest results in more immediate mechanical damages; and mechanical damages in soybean seeds are cumulative.

En el presente trabajo de investigación se analiza y estima el impacto económico y social del servicio de transporte público masivo El Metropolitano que utiliza como infraestructura el Corredor Segregado de Alta Capacidad – Cosac I. Este sistema se ha constituido como el principal medio de transporte de la ciudad de Lima por atributos como: la formalidad de su servicio, la infraestructura que ofrece, su modernidad, la rapidez, entre otros aspectos que se desarrollan en las siguientes páginas. El documento está dividido en ocho capítulos. El primero está referido a los fundamentos teóricos de la investigación, el segundo contiene una breve descripción de la realidad del transporte urbano de pasajeros y de los sistemas de transporte que existen en Lima Metropolitana, la oferta actual y en este marco, se contextualiza la problemática detectada en cuanto a la informalidad, falta de regulación, baja calidad del servicio e infraestructura para la movilidad urbana en la ciudad. El tercer capítulo desarrolla la finalidad, los objetivos, justificación y alcance de la investigación. El cuarto capítulo aborda los supuestos, la hipótesis, variables e indicadores que pretendemos comprobar. Seguidamente, en el quinto capítulo se describe la metodología utilizada para realizar esta investigación y, en el sexto capítulo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de las encuestas, así como su respectiva interpretación. Por último, en el capítulo séptimo se exponen las conclusiones de la investigación realizada y en el octavo, se plasman las recomendaciones que corresponden, que esperamos sean consideradas como aporte a la gestión pública en materia de transporte. / This document of investigation measured and analyzed the economic and social impact of mass public transport service so-called “El Metropolitano” which uses as infrastructure the High Capacity Segregated Roadway  – COSAC I. This system has been established as the main means of transport of the city of Lima by attributes such as: the formality of its service, the infrastructure it offers, modernity, speed  among other aspects  that are further developed on the next chapters. The document is divided into eight chapters. The first, is related to the theoretical foundations of the research; the second chapter contains a brief description of the reality of urban passenger transport and of the transportation systems that exist in Lima Metropolitana, the existing transport offer and within that framework, the problematic detected in terms of informality, lack of regulation and low quality of service and infrastructure for urban mobility in the city. The third chapter develops the purpose, objectives, justification and scope of investigation. The fourth chapter addresses the assumptions, hypotheses, variables and indicators that we intend to verify. Next, the fifth chapter describes the methodology used to carry out this research and, in the sixth chapter the surveys outcome are presented along with the interpretation. Finally, in the seventh chapter, the conclusions of the research carried out are presented and in the eighth, the corresponding recommendations are presented, which can be a contribution to public management in the area of ​​transportation. / Trabajo de investigación

Se nos ha encomendado la tarea de desarrollar una propuesta innovadora para agregar a la industria del sector público para este informe. Siendo nativos de un condado afectado por el tráfico como Miami Dade, decidimos abordar el desafío de aliviar la red de transporte del área proponiendo una expansión del actual sistema de Metrorail obsoleto en los tramos occidental y sur del condado. Creemos que esta expansión no solo creará puestos de trabajo en el proceso de construcción, sino que en última instancia permitirá un flujo de transporte que conducirá a una economía en auge explosivo. La ciudad está preparada para una innovación de este tipo, ya que los inmigrantes de todo el mundo y los EE. UU. Acuden a ella rápidamente transformando la ciudad día a día en un titán global. Una ciudad de tal magnitud y promesas necesita un sistema de transporte público a la altura. / We have been tasked with developing an innovative proposal to add onto the public sector industry for this report. Being natives of a traffic-stricken county such as Miami Dade, we decided to tackle the challenge of alleviating the transportation network of the area by proposing an expansion to the current outdated Metrorail system into the Western and Southern reaches of the county. We believe that this expansion will not only create jobs in the process of construction but will ultimately allow a flow of transportation that will lead to an explosively booming economy. The city is primed for such an innovation as immigrants from all over the world and the US flock into it quickly transforming the city day by day into a Global titan. A city of such magnitude and promise needs a public transportation system to match it. / Trabajo de investigación