Magister Artium - MA / Through a grant from the Atlantic Philanthropies Foundation the District Six Museum Foundation Trust purchased the Sacks Futeran buildings in 2002 with a view to creating new spaces of engagement that worked with exhibitions, issues of social justice and District Six returnees. The Futeran family, as a gesture of philanthropic donation, sold the building below market value thus enabling the museum to take ownership. This related directly to civic public giving that the work of the District Six Museum entails and was consistent with an understanding of community museums. Acquiring, transforming and museumising the set of five interconnected Sacks Futeran buildings to create the District Six Homecoming Centre has influenced and extended the notion of civic public giving in the museum work of the District Six Museum in relation to District Six returnees and the public. The examination of a history in and through buildings and more specifically the transformation in use, design, purpose and naming in this complex of buildings associated with a family business, E. Sacks Futeran & Co., is the purpose of this research. The oral histories of Martin and Gordon Futeran reveal the origins of their family wholesale clothing and fabric business established in 1906 by their great grandfather Elias Sacks and by extension the Jewish histories of District Six. The apartheid denial of ‘home’ within the Cape Town city bowl, resulting in forced removals of the inhabitants of District Six and the formation of the District Six Museum as a transactive community museum model on the heritage landscape of post-apartheid South Africa is examined. With reference to architectural materiality, the set of buildings as transitional space is ‘mapped’ as it has become the Homecoming Centre of the District Six Museum.Rennie Scurr Adendorff Architects blended older histories of the site with architectural aesthetic and technical expertise, and the Museum’s visions, philosophies and concepts were an integral part of the redevelopment. Over a number of years the Sacks Futeran buildings were restored and internally reconfigured and have been developed to dovetail with existing methodologies supporting the broader land restitution process. Through its spaces, a museum community is being nurtured by means of activism, notions of citizenship transforming District Six, the city and community museum practice in the process. The Fugard Theatre is an integral part of the Homecoming Centre and these buildings are experienced as a multi-functional cultural landmark within the District Six Cultural Heritage Precinct. By harnessing memory and materiality this study is relevant as a means of constituting historical urban fabric and a sensitivity of reconstructing a sense of place.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Currently, in open-pit mining operations, the highest cost among all processes is that of transporting trucks, whether in fuel, roads, tires, or spare parts, among other factors. Therefore, this article proposes the use of the Six Sigma methodology of continuous improvement as a quality management tool to reduce the downtime of the truck fleet to obtain better productivity in operations. The results of the investigation in the case study allowed to visualize that with the election of an optimal fleet appropriate for the conditions given in a mining project, the values of productivity and efficiency improve considerably. This is reflected in a better use of the machinery and in the reduction of unproductive times.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / In the mining industry, the mining cycle is a very important part in the operating stage of every mining unit. Through the exploitation method used, the mining cycle provides mineral ore, which subsequently undergoes various metallurgical processes and its commercialization and thereby generates profits to the mining company. Currently, within this cycle, the hauling and transportation stages are those that have a lower efficiency with respect to the drilling and blasting stages. Therefore, the sector is always seeking effective ways to optimize these processes, reduce downtime and increase productivity. Six Sigma is a technique that allows for the continuous process improvement. In this study, the factors that generate inefficiency in the hauling cycle are determined, and alternatives are implemented to solve the main problem and improve the operations cycle.

This report presents an explorative examination of the scientific literature regarding current methods utilized in mixed-model assembly lines and the challenges that are faced. Empirical data from a real mixed-model assembly line was collected and analyzed to explore the application of the identified methods and the problems that are faced in a realistic situation.  The report consists of a theoretic framework on the topics of assembly systems and topics relevant to managing the challenges. In addition a case study is conducted where an assembly system is observed and real production data is collected. Product assembly lines make up one of the final steps in the manufacturing process of a product. By implementing proven methods for process improvements highly effective assembly lines are realized. If an assembly line is experiencing reliability issues the probability of the company’s end-customers being directly affected is considerably increased.  Ensuring reliability in a mixed-model assembly line (MMAL) is an important task with an increasing level of difficulty given the current evolution of advanced technology. The resulting increase in product variety and complexity made possible increases the demands on the entire manufacturing process and the assembly line in particular. Added product variety and complexity poses an increased challenge from an automation perspective as well due to the limitations in flexibility inherited by industrial robots in comparison to a human operator. Many challenges in manufacturing and assembly processes stem from product development, increased variation between product models, and changes in production systems, due to the resulting increase in the complexity of the production processes (ElMaraghy ​​& ElMaraghy, 2016). Historically, a vast number of manufacturing companies have seen significant improvements in their product quality and productivity, leading to improved financial results as well as customer satisfaction by implementing process development methods such as Lean production, Six Sigma, or Lean Six Sigma.  Therefore, the purpose of this report is to explore assembly system reliability and complexity management. The scope of this report is restricted to focus on reliability in assembly systems from a quality perspective. Suggestions for improvements are biased towards Lean Six Sigma methods and complexity management as described in current literature with the consequence of potentially valid methods and solutions being excluded. The theoretical framework of this report is based on selected books and scientific articles on the topics of complexity, assembly systems, process development, and human performance in the context of assembly systems.  The case study project is executed following the DMAIC-process as per the L6S methodology. Lean six sigma methodologies are applied in accordance with the selected literature with the objective of identifying a potential strategy for mitigating the quality deficiencies observed in the company´s assembly processes. The research presented in this report follows the abductive reasoning concept (Säfsten & Gustavsson 2020). Abductive reasoning is initialized by a conclusion, which is followed up by constructing a theory based on literature, and finally analyzing empirical data to validate the constructed theory in the context given by the initial conclusion.  Additionally, a root cause analysis is conducted. The root cause analysis is initiated by constructing an Ishikawa diagram to categorize and identify possible causes of the identified errors. By systematically working through each of the categories the examined problem is look upon from different points of view, making for a comprehensive analysis. In this step the 5-why’s method is utilized to support the deductive reasoning process. The potential root causes are then utilized to construct a list of possible solutions and suggestions for improvement for the examined problem. The improvement suggestions are based on deductive reasoning as well as documented improvements from the literature.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / In the arms industry, quality is essential because its products are used for special purposes. Therefore, in production, the rate of defective products is low. This study proposes a model to reduce the number of defective products based on the combined use of the Six Sigma and work method tools. For the purposes of this study, the production process of the 7.62 mm ammunition was analyzed because it presents several issues that affect product quality. The current methods and procedures of the production process were analyzed to identify the root causes of the problem and to provide a solution. After implementing the model, defective products were reduced from 20% to 13.67%..

Under mina verksamhetsförlagda utbildningar har jag uppmärksammat att flera elever endast behärskar en huvudräkningsstrategi och att de därav inte anpassar strategin utefter uppgiftens utformning. Således är syftet med den här studien att bidra med insikt om elevers subtraktionsstrategier vid huvudräkning. Det här syftet avser jag att uppfylla genom att karaktärisera elevernas reflektioner om subtraktionsstrategier i förhållande till olika aspekter inom det teoretiska ramverket six-lens framework. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metod. Datainsamlingsmetoden har bestått av intervjuer som har inletts med att eleverna har fått lösa en subtraktionsuppgift med hjälp av en huvudräkningsstrategi. Vid intervjuerna har studien inte fokuserat på huruvida eleverna svarar rätt eller fel på uppgiften, inte heller om eleverna väljer rätt eller fel huvudräkningsstrategi. Istället inriktar sig studien på hur eleverna reflekterar och tänker. Studiens resultat visar att en övervägande del av eleverna inte tillämpar en lämplig huvudräkningsstrategi, de värderar inte heller den valda strategins relevans utifrån hur uppgiften är utformad. Det här innebär att de inte uppnår två av de totalt fem förmågorna inom matematikämnet.

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This study investigated the existence of impacts on per capita incomes from the designations of wilderness areas. It developed one model to explain county-level per capita incomes in the six western states of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Idaho, and Wyoming. This model examined effects of various factors believed to affect incomes, such as the industry mix of an economy, population densities, unemployment rates, government expenditures, and the existence of colleges, Indian reservations, and wilderness areas. The analysis indicated that per capita incomes in these states did not fall by an increase in wilderness lands. In fact, counties in Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and Idaho experienced higher incomes if they contained wilderness areas. Counties in all states experienced higher incomes if a greater percentage of revenues came from the tourism and extractive industry sectors. However, the analysis indicated that, on average, increases in revenues from tourism increased incomes more than increases in revenues from extractive industries. No definitive analysis could be performed to determine the difference between wilderness and extractive industry effects because the variables are not measured in the same units. However, the income elasticities were calculated with respect to the means of the relevant explanatory variables. The income elasticity with respect to changes in the extractive industry was the highest elasticity computed, as extractive industry mean values were much larger than the other mean values. As in all econometric studies, estimated coefficients suggest relationships, not causality. Results from this study in particular cannot be taken out of context and interpreted without close examination of all factors pertaining to the stated results.

La presente tesis, trata sobre el uso de la metodología Six Sigma para la optimización de un área de mantenimiento de planta. Al estar usando como referencia una metodología los capítulos que aquí se presentan siguen el esquema DMAMC, donde se Define el problema, se Mide el proceso, se Analiza la causa raíz, se Mejora el proceso y por ultimo se Controla el mismo por medio de indicadores de gestión. En la etapa de Medir se implementan diferentes ganancias rápidas al proceso; esto no implica que la metodología haya cumplido su objetivo, six sigma busca mejorar aquellas causas raíz que no están a la simple vista de las personas que trabajan en el área o gerencia. Por ultimo la presente tesis propone mejoras así como los controles que deben de llevarse en el área de mantenimiento de planta. Es aquí donde se ve el compromiso de la gerencia y la jefatura del área con el proyecto ya que de ellos depende que las mejoras y el control caminen y den paso a la optimización del proceso. / Tesis

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Even though there is a high demand for clothing articles in the market, they do not meet quality standards. This can be appreciated after the clothes are washed and dried and the study revealed that over 20% of the items were returned each month. This occurs when the acquisition of raw materials is focused exclusively on the price. Thus, there are no requirements for compliance with any technical specifications that would enable the production process to be equipped with quality raw materials. Additionally, the absence of control over the quantity of consumables based on demand generates reprocessed inventory, thus damaging the fabric. Therefore, the proposed model was made through the Lean Six Sigma method to reduce waste and meet client requirements. The results were a decrease in returns by over 16.5% and an increase in productivity by 28.5%.