Siu, Pui-Lam. / Thesis submitted in: August 2003. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-109). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / list of figures --- p.5 / list of tables --- p.7 / acknowledgements --- p.8 / abstract --- p.9 / Chapter 1. --- introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1 --- Smart Card --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- What is a smart card? --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- How is a smart card different from the magnetic stripe card that I carry in my wallet? --- p.13 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Why are interoperability and enforced standards crucial to widespread adoption of smart cards? --- p.13 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Contact vs Contactless --- p.14 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- How secure and confidential contactless smart cards are? --- p.14 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Contactless Smart Card Application Contactless smart cards are widely used in commercial fields as stored-value and secure storage cards --- p.14 / Chapter 1.1.7 --- What are the major benefits that Contactless smart cards offer to consumers? --- p.16 / Chapter 1.2 --- Design Motivation --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3 --- RF Part Interface --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4 --- Potential Advantages of Using Asynchronous Circuit --- p.19 / Chapter 1.5 --- Design Methodology for Asynchronous Circuit --- p.23 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Difficulty and limitation of asynchronous design --- p.27 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Asynchronous pipeline --- p.28 / Chapter 2. --- background theory --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1 --- Description of DES --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Outline of the Algorithm --- p.33 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Initial Permutation --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Key Transformation --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Expansion Permutation --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- S-box Substitution --- p.38 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- P-Box Permutation --- p.41 / Chapter 2.1.7 --- Final Permutation --- p.42 / Chapter 2.1.8 --- Decrypting DES --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.9 --- Security of DES --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.10 --- Weak Keys --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.11 --- Algebraic Structure --- p.46 / Chapter 2.1.12 --- Key Length --- p.46 / Chapter 2.1.13 --- Number of Rounds --- p.48 / Chapter 2.1.14 --- Design of the S-Boxes --- p.48 / Chapter 3. --- rf part --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1 --- Power On --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2 --- Power Induction --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3 --- Limiter and Regulator --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4 --- Demodulation --- p.56 / Chapter 3.5 --- Modulation --- p.57 / Chapter 4. --- asynchronous circuit theory --- p.58 / Chapter 4.1 --- Potential Problem of Classical Asynchronous Pipeline --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2 --- The New Handshake Cell --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3 --- The Modified Asynchronous Pipeline Architecture --- p.60 / Chapter 4.4 --- Asynchronous Circuit Comparison --- p.65 / Chapter 5 --- implementation --- p.67 / Chapter 5.1 --- DES Implementation --- p.67 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Power estimation of the asynchronous DES --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Modified Circuit --- p.73 / Type One --- p.73 / Type two --- p.76 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Interface --- p.79 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Shift Unit --- p.80 / Chapter 5.1.5 --- Multiplexer Unit --- p.82 / Chapter 5.1.6 --- Compression Unit --- p.83 / Chapter 5.1.7 --- Expansion Unit --- p.84 / Chapter 5.1.8 --- Xor Unit --- p.85 / Chapter 5.1.9 --- S_box Unit --- p.86 / Chapter 5.1.10 --- P-box unit --- p.88 / Chapter 5.1.11 --- Latch unit --- p.89 / Chapter 5.1.12 --- Transmission Unit --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2 --- Floor Plan Design --- p.90 / Chapter 6. --- result and discussion --- p.93 / Chapter 6.1 --- Simulation Result --- p.93 / Chapter 6.2 --- Measurement --- p.97 / Chapter 6.3 --- Comparison --- p.101 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusion --- p.101 / Chapter 7. --- reference --- p.104 / Chapter 8. --- appendix --- p.110 / Chapter 8.1 --- RF Part Implementation --- p.110 / Chapter 8.1.1 --- Full wave rectifying circuit --- p.110 / Chapter 8.1.2 --- "Limiting Circuit," --- p.111 / Chapter 8.1.3 --- Regulator circuit --- p.113 / Chapter 8.1.4 --- Demodulation circuit --- p.113 / Chapter 8.1.5 --- Simulation of the RF part --- p.115 / Chapter 8.2 --- New Technology for Designing a RF Interface --- p.117 / Chapter 8.2 --- Block Diagrams --- p.118

by Yu Wai-Yip. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-57). / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.i / LIST OF EXHIBITS --- p.iii / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Project Objectives --- p.3 / Methodology --- p.3 / Chapter II. --- WHAT IS SMART CARD --- p.5 / A Brief History of Smart Card --- p.5 / Classifications of Smart Card --- p.7 / Categorization by Security Level / Contact Vs Contactless / Chapter III. --- EVOLUTION OF SMART CARD MARKETS --- p.11 / Smart Card Versus Magnetic Stripe Card --- p.11 / Possible Applications --- p.13 / Payment Applications / Transportation Applications / Healthcare Applications / Telecommuncations Applications / Global Market Trend --- p.22 / Chapter IV. --- SMART CARD APPLICATIONS IN HONG KONG --- p.25 / Transportation Applications --- p.27 / Healthcare Applications --- p.28 / Payment Applications --- p.30 / Mondex Card and Visa Cash Card / Hong Kong Jockey Club Smart Card / Identification Applications --- p.32 / Chapter V. --- ANALYSIS OF THE HONG KONG SMART CARD MARKET --- p.33 / Smart Card as An Individual Product --- p.34 / Smart Card as a Form of Monetary Exchange --- p.34 / Smart Card as a System --- p.36 / Technological Environment / Political-legal Environment / Competitive Environment / Economic Environment / Socio-cultural Environment / Perspertive of All-in-one Smart Card in Hong Kong --- p.43 / Chapter VI --- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.47 / Summary --- p.47 / Conclusions --- p.48 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.51

Yu Chun-Pong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-61). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract of this thesis entitled: --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Table of contents --- p.v / List of Tables --- p.vi / List of Figures --- p.vii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Asynchronous design --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Java processor for contactless smart card [3] --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Motivation --- p.3 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Asynchronous circuit design techniques --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Overview --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- Handshake protocol --- p.5 / Chapter 2.3 --- Asynchronous pipeline --- p.7 / Chapter 2.4 --- Asynchronous control elements --- p.9 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Asynchronous Java Processor --- p.15 / Chapter 3.1 --- Instruction Set --- p.15 / Chapter 3.2 --- Architecture of the java processor --- p.17 / Chapter 3.3 --- Basic building blocks of the java processor --- p.22 / Chapter 3.4 --- Token flow --- p.32 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Results and Discussion --- p.37 / Chapter 4.1 --- Simulation Results of test programs --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2 --- Experimental result --- p.41 / Chapter 4.3 --- Future work --- p.42 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.45 / Appendix --- p.47 / Chip micrograph for the java processor core --- p.47 / Pin assignment of the java processor --- p.48 / Schematic of the java processor --- p.52 / Schematic of the decoder --- p.54 / Schematic of the Stage2 of the java processor --- p.55 / Schematic of the stack --- p.56 / Schematic of the block of the local variables --- p.57 / Schematic of the 16-bit self-timed adder --- p.58 / The schematic and the layout of the memory cell --- p.59 / Reference --- p.60

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering / Anil Pahwa / Power distribution systems are transitioning from traditional centralized-control distribution grids to the modern distribution grids that are more customer-interactive and include microgrids (MGs) as well as various unpredictable and multi-scale distributed energy resources (DERs). However, power fueled by renewable DERs such as wind and solar is highly variable and high penetration of renewable DERs in distribution system may potentially degrade the grid reliability and power quality. Moreover, the growth of such generation sources will increase the number of variables and cause scalability concerns for distribution system operators (DSOs) in handling system optimization problems. Further, with development of MGs, DSO and MG may have different owners and schedule renewable and non-renewable DERs based on their own economic rules and policies while secure and economic operation of the entire system is necessary. The widespread integration of wind and solar and deployment of MGs in distribution system make the task of distribution system operation management quite challenging especially from the viewpoint of variability, scalability, and multi-authority operation management. This research develops unique models and methodologies to overcome such issues and make distribution grid operation, optimization and control more robust against renewable intermittency, intractability, and operation complexity. The objectives of this research are as follows: 1) to develop a three-phase unbalanced large-scale distribution system to serve as a benchmark for studying challenges related to integration of DERs, such as scalability concerns in optimization problems, incremental power losses, voltage rise, voltage fluctuations, volt/var control, and operation management; 2) to develop a novel hierarchical and multilevel distributed optimization for power loss minimization via optimal reactive power provisioning from rooftop PVs which addresses the scalability issues with widespread DER integration in large-scale networks; 3) to develop a dynamic operational scheme for residential PV smart inverters to mitigate the fluctuations from rooftop PV integration under all-weather-condition (fully sunny, overcast and transient cloudy days) while increasing network efficiency in terms of power losses, and number of transformer load tap changer (LTC) operation; 4) to develop a stochastic energy management model for multi-authority distribution system operating under uncertainty from load and wind generation, which is able to precisely account interactions between DSO and MGs.

This thesis addresses the innovation of information systems in enterprises, particularly in the utility market segment. The thesis starts with a definition of utilities, a market segment containing companies involved in generation, transmission, distribution and retail of energy services as well as other companies providing related networked services. The aims of this thesis are both theoretical and practical. The theoretical part offers a new theory for IS innovations for the selected segment and for the relation between the innovation and the architectures of IS. In the practical part, the author identifies current challenges and opportunities in the selected market segment and offers scenarios and visions for future development. The first part of the thesis maps out the general innovation theories in the context of the selected topic. The second part introduces a new innovation theory based on an analysis of the specific conditions in the utility market segment. The next section focuses on the topic of IS architecture and its ability for tracking and managing the changes of the IS during the innovation process. The following part relays designs for specific architecture models supporting the current innovation trends in the utility market. The final part of the thesis summarizes particular business recommendations for innovation procedures in utilities, identifies innovation opportunities, and inspires visions for the future development of the market. The opportunities are related to a new way of understanding the role of IS in utility companies. IS provides a portfolio of information services to support the customer oriented business services, advanced services with added value and tailor made services for specific customer groups.

Este trabalho consiste em apresentar o desenvolvimento de um Smart meter, integrado a um analisador de qualidade de energia, para análise de distorções harmônicas, utilizando método de redes neurais artificiais embarcado em hardware. Tal Smart meter está incluído dentro dos conceitos de Smart Grid, que serão apresentados também neste trabalho. O intuito do desenvolvimento do Smart meter para análise de distorções harmônicas é auxiliar concessionárias de energia elétrica a identificar que tipo de carga o consumidor utiliza em sua residência, a fim de contribuir para a tomada de decisões apropriadas, tais como a diminuição da emissão de correntes harmônicas, demanda de energia, detecção de falhas no fornecimento de energia elétrica e faturas diferenciadas de acordo com a quantidade de harmônicas injetadas na rede elétrica. Adicionalmente, observou-se que o Smart meter desenvolvido pode ser ainda utilizado para detectar fenômenos de VTCD, como elevação, afundamento e interrupção de energia. Todo o processo de desenvolvimento do Smart meter é apresentado no decorrer desta tese de doutorado. / This thesis consists to present the development of a Smart Meter integrated to power quality analyzer for the analysis of harmonic distortion, using methods based on artificial neural networks in embedded hardware. This Smart Meter is included within the concepts of Smart Grid, which will be also presented in this work. The intention of the development of the Smart Meter for analysis of harmonic distortion is to assist utilities companies to identify what loads type the consumer uses at your residence in order to contribute for supporting decisions, such as reducing the emission of the harmonic currents, power demand and faults detection in electric energy supply and distinct bills according to the amount of harmonics injected into the power grid. In addition, it was observed that this developed Smart Meter can be even used to detect the VTCD phenomena, such as swell, sag and interruption of the energy supply. All development steps of this Smart Meter is presented in this doctoral thesis.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:13:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo9517_1.pdf: 1475575 bytes, checksum: 406ed6c670c74f251013d1791839dbae (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / O uso constante de inseticidas em programas de saúde pública tem sido a principal medida para o controle de insetos vetores de doenças epidêmicas em países tropicais e subtropicais. Anualmente toneladas de inseticidas sintéticos, sobretudo os organofosforados, são lançadas ao meio ambiente na tentativa de controlar o crescimento populacional dos vetores. Os larvicidas são compostos capazes de matar larvas que se desenvolvem em reservatórios grandes ou pequenos, naturais ou artificiais de água, muitas vezes própria ao consumo humano. Os compostos dilapiol e espinosade são classificados como larvicidas, sendo o dilapiol um óleo essencial extraído da espécie vegetal Piper aduncum e o espinosade uma combinação de dois metabólitos produzidos pela bactéria Saccharopolyspora spinosa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos genotóxicos do dilapiol e do espinosade, por meio do teste de mutação e recombinação somática (SMART) de asa de Drosophila melanogaster. Na metodologia foi utilizado o cruzamento padrão, sendo as larvas com 72h de vida submetidas durante 48h à exposição crônica a três diferentes concentrações não letais do dilapiol (3,2, 16 e 80 μm/mL) e do espinosade (0,32, 0,96 e 1,6 μg/mL). Para avaliação do efeito genotóxico, as frequências das manchas de pelos mutantes nas asas dos indivíduos tratados foram comparadas com os respectivos controles negativos. Os resultados indicam que ambos compostos tiveram atividade toxico-genética positiva, em todas as concentrações testadas, exceto o espinosade a 0,96 μg/mL. A atividade genotóxica se deu, principalmente, à indução de recombinação e, em menor escala, à mutação somática, verificada apenas para o espinosade. Os resultados aqui apresentados contribuem para o conhecimento dos riscos genotóxicos do uso destes dois inseticidas, que merecem ainda mais estudos, feitos em outros modelos experimentais e outras condições e metodologias para que sejam considerados seguros para a saúde humana e o meio ambiente

The primary goal of this research is to help any organization, which is planning to transform to the big data analytics era, by providing a systematic and comprehensive model that this organization can use to better understand what factors influence big data projects. Also, the organization's current status against those factors. Finally, what enhancements are needed in the organization's current capabilities for optimal management of factors influencing an upcoming big data project. However, big data applications are vast and cover many sectors, and while most of the factors influencing big data projects are common across sectors, there are some factors that are related to the specific circumstances of each sector. Therefore, this research will focus on one sector only, which is the smart city sector, and its generalizability to other sectors is discussed at the end of the research. In this research, literature review and experts feedback were used to identify the most critical factors influencing big data projects, with focus on smart city. Then, the HDM methodology was used to elicit experts' judgment to identify the relative importance of those factors. In addition, experts' feedback was used to identify possible statuses an organization might have regarding each factor. Finally, a case study of four projects related to the City of Portland, Oregon, was conducted to demonstrate the practicality and value of the research model. The research findings indicated that there are complicated internal and external, sometimes competing, factors affecting big data projects. The research identified 18 factors as being among the most important factors affecting smart-city-related big data projects. Those factors are grouped into four perspectives: people, technology, legal, and organization. Furthermore, the case study demonstrated how the model could pinpoint shortcomings in a city's capabilities before the project start, and how to address those shortcomings to increase chances of a successful big data project.

Intelligent devices such as smart phones, smart watches, virtual reality (VR) headsets and personal exercise devices have become integral elements of accessories used by many people. The ability of these devices to verify or identify the user could be applied for enhanced security and user experience customization among other things. Almost all these devices have built-in inertial sensors such as accelerometer and gyroscope. These inertial sensors respond to the movements made by the user while performing day to day activities like walking, getting up and sitting down. The response depends on the activity being performed and thus can be used for activity recognition. The response also captures the user's unique way of doing the activity and can be used as a behavioral biometric for verification or identification. The acceleration (accelerometer) and rate of rotation (gyroscope) are recorded in the device coordinate frame. But to determine the user's motion, these need to be converted to a coordinate frame relative to the user. In most situations the orientation of the device relative to the user can neither be controlled nor determined reliably. The solution to this problem requires methods to remove the dependence on device orientation while comparing the signals collected at different times. In a vast of majority of research to date, the performance of authentication algorithms using inertial sensors have been evaluated on small datasets with few tens of subjects, collected under controlled placement of the sensors. Very often stand alone inertial sensors have been used to collect the data. Stand alone sensors afford better calibration, while the sensors built into smart devices offer little or no means of calibration. Due to these limitations of the datasets used, it is difficult to extend the results from these research to realistic performance with a large number subjects and natural placement of off-the-shelf smart devices. This dissertation describes the Kabsch algorithm which is used to achieve orientation invariance of the recorded inertial data, enabling better authentication independent of device orientation. It also presents the Vector Cross Product (VCP) method developed to achieve orientation invariance. Details of a realistic inertial dataset (USF-PDA dataset) collected with commercial smart phones placed in natural positions and orientations using 101 subjects are given. The data includes sessions from different days on a subset of 56 subjects. This would enable realistic evaluation of authentication algorithms. This dataset has been made publicly available. The performance of five methods that address the orientation dependence of signals are compared to a baseline that performs no compensation for orientation of the device. The methods as a part of a overall gait authentication algorithm are evaluated on the USF-PDA dataset mentioned above and another large dataset with more than 400 subjects. The results show that the orientation compensation methods are able to improve the authentication performance on data with uncontrolled orientation to be close to performance on data collected with controlled orientation. The Kabsch method shows the highest improvement.

<p>Det finns flera olika standarder inom digital-TV för att skapa interaktiva applikationer. Det här arbetet använder den öppna standarden MHP, Multimedia Home Platform, som utgångspunkt för att skapa programkod i programmeringsspråket Java. Arbetet handlar om att skapa ett program för MHPkompatibel utrustning som bekräftar en användares identitet via Smart cards, och levererar interaktiv, personlig information. Denna information levereras via tjänster som beskrivs i XML, och kommunicerar via HTTP med en server som skickar innehåll utifrån de preferenser som finns för denna användare.</p>