CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Discute as redes de experiÃncias sociais e identificaÃÃes articuladas nas torcidas organizadas de futebol Cearamor e M.O.F.I., na cidade de Fortaleza. Analisa as aÃÃes empreendidas pelos jovens torcedores organizados, em busca de densidade antropolÃgica. Problematiza a relaÃÃo entre o circuito dos bailes funks, das dÃcadas de 80 e 90, em Fortaleza, e o universo simbÃlico e cultural das torcidas organizadas de futebol na sua formaÃÃo atual. Versa sobre os usos e inversÃes do estigma pelos integrantes das torcidas organizadas, que subvertem as classificaÃÃes que os definem como vÃndalos, bandidos e adeptos da violÃncia gratuita. Analisa o modo de vida dos torcedores organizados em Fortaleza, destacando o investimento na corporalidade viril, na sociabilidade de conflito e na identificaÃÃo territorial. / This thesis discusses the networks of social experiences and identifications articulated in cheerleaders of football Cearamor MOFI in the city of Fortaleza. It analyzes the actions taken by young fans organized in search of anthropological density. It discusses the relationship between the circuit of funk balls, the 80 and 90, in Fortaleza, and cultural and symbolic universe of organized supporters of football in its current configuration. Refers to the uses and inversions of the stigma by members of the cheerleaders, who subvert the classifications that define them as thugs, criminals and supporters of gratuitous violence. It analyzes the way of life of organized fans, highlighting the investment in the virile embodiment, the sociability of conflict and territorial identification.

Humans have found ways to communicate with each other since the beginning of time. However, the way we communicate has changed over the years. Today we can communicate with people from all over the world by employing digital technologies, and this can sometimes be done without revealing individuals’ actual identity. With anonymity comes many problems, such as a lack of responsibility, the feelings of other people seem to be valued lower in an online setting than in the real world, and there are often no consequences for those who behave badly or unethically. This study investigates how our morals correlate with our degree of anonymity while we communicate in an online setting. To achieve the study’s goal, a social experiment, where participants had the choice to act either altruistic or selfish, was performed. The social experiment was in the form of an online competition and was conducted under two different conditions. In the first clause, the participants were completely anonymous and in the second, they were exposed with their full names and a picture with their face visible. The hypothesis for the study was that a higher level of anonymity reduces the feeling of responsibility, which causes a person to care less about her moral compass, and will therefore make more selfish choices. The results showed that this was not the case. A higher percentage chose the selfish option when presented with name and picture. However, the result also exhibited that the majority of the study participants felt a difference in their behaviour during the two clauses. / Människor har hittat sätt att kommunicera med varandra så länge människor har funnits på jorden, men sättet vi kommunicerar på har förändrats över tid. De senaste decennierna har denna förändring skett på en helt ny nivå. Idag kan vi kommunicera med personer över hela världen, och detta utan att nödvändigtvis avslöja vår identitet. Med denna möjlighet till anonymitet kommer många problem, såsom en brist på ansvar för ens egna handlingar. Det är lätt att dela sina åsikter och att bete sig dåligt. I de fall där våra ideer och åsikter sårar en annan person, finns det sällan något som kräver att vi ska ta konsekvenserna för våra handlingar. Denna studie undersökte om det fanns ett samband mellan förändring i vår moral och vår grad av anonymitet. Detta gjordes genom ett socialt experiment där deltagarna fick möjligheten att vara givmilda eller själviska. Det sociala experimentet skedde i form av en tävling online, två matcher under två olika förutsättningar. I den första matchen var deltagarna helt anonyma och i den andra var de presenterade med fullständigt namn och profilbild med synligt ansikte. Hypotesen för studien var att en högre grad av anonymitet minskar känslan av ansvar, vilket i sin tur får personen att ta mer själviska beslut. Resultatet från det sociala experimentet visade att så inte var fallet. En högre procent av deltagarna valde det själviska alternativet när de var presenterade med namn och bild. Resultaten visade dock även att en majoritet av deltagarna kände sig påverkade av sin grad av anonymitet, men inte tillräckligt att det skulle påverka deras beslut.

Comment gouverne-t-on les pauvres aujourd'hui ? Sur la base d'une enquête comparative et qualitative entre un dispositif français (le Revenu de solidarité active) et un programme new-yorkais (Opportunity NYC), cette thèse propose d'analyser les mécanismes de la lutte contre la pauvreté reposant sur la conditionnalité comportementale. Porter l'indigence à l'agenda, justement par qu'elle est éminemment politique, fait l'objet d'un important travail de dépolitisation. Importation de modèles de l'étranger, construction de données chiffrées, mobilisation d'un protocole expérimental : tels sont les principaux procédés d'objectivation et de légitimation mobilisés. La teneur de l'aide apportée aux pauvres change. Se démarquant d'une logique simplement économique qui voudrait que la récompense monétaire engendre un comportement prédéfini, et desserrant une méthode strictement punitive où la sanction tient lieu de formule de commandement, ces politiques sociales conditionnelles renouvellent les termes des relations entre populations pauvres et pouvoir politique. Les techniques de gouvernement mises en œuvre s'inspirent du « nudge », c'est-à-dire d'une forme paradoxale d'autonomie institutionnalisée où les bons comportements tiennent lieu d'échappatoire à la pauvreté. L'aide sociale comme relevant du droit ou du statut est dépassée. Sa légitimité ne se fonde plus sur l'efficacité, dans la veine du new public management, mais sur un sens commun réformateur ayant le mérite pour objet. Les clivages partisans paraissent s'affaisser autour de cette forme de gouvernement moral. L'éthique du travail et la « bonne volonté » des pauvres sont mises en scène pour justifier l'octroi de subsides sociaux. L'expérimentation sociale, passée au prisme du jeu politique, confère un caractère « scientifique » et « objectif » à ces présupposés. Au final, c'est à un gouvernement de la pauvreté fait de politique et d'usages de la scientificité que ce travail est consacré. / This study provides a comparative analysis of two anti-poverty initiatives in New York (Opportunity NYC) and in France (Revenue for Active Solidarity). It is based on extensive fieldwork and numerous interviews in both countries. Conditioning subsidies on behavior and giving a nudge “to do the right thing” by structuring the choices of the poor now defines the way poverty is fought against. The political agenda is built around the concept of making conditional social policy non-partisan solutions. Policy transfers, data-making or experimental design figure among the ways of taking politics out of policy-making. This study finds there is no such thing and that these programs reflect a substantive political orientation. The mechanisms used to motivate the poor are different. They are more than just an economic incentive that binds reward and behavior together. They are less than a coercive approach where work is mandatory to get relief. The nudge emerges as a third way that consists in a paradoxical injunction: governing the poor to govern themselves. No entitlement there. If this is nothing new in America, this is new in France. Hence, policy is not legitimated by effectiveness, like it used to be with new public management, but by moralistic assumptions. Reform is based more on commonsense than technical arguments. The work ethics and the “good choices” justify the money spent for the poor (public in France, private in New York). The experimental design, once appropriated by political instances, gives a scientific glow to these programs so they appear “universal” and “neutral”. In a nutshell, this dissertation explores how poverty is governed by a policy-mix of politics and science

Ce travail de thèse explore les aspects organisationnels de l’accompagnement local de la transition agroécologique. Cet accompagnement nécessite d’articuler différents processus individuels et collectifs de transformation des activités de la production et du développement agricole. En construisant un dispositif de recherche-action au sein d’un projet de transition agroécologique porté par une association d’éleveurs et conseillers dans le rayon de Roquefort, nous mettons en oeuvre avec eux une forme d’expérimentation sociale qui nous permet de comprendre le problème de l’accompagnement de la transition à la fois sur le plan théorique et pratique. Dans notre cas, l’articulation des transformations individuelles et collectives a été permise par un travail de co-conception entre éleveurs et conseillers des outils de l’accompagnement des changements dans les fermes. Ce processus a permis de débattre de la diversité des modèles agricoles et des représentations des acteurs de la transition agroécologique au sein du groupe, ainsi que d’engager conjointement éleveurs et conseillers dans la transformation de leurs pratiques. Ces transformations ont été d'autant plus facilitées que la coconception a été envisagée comme un processus dialogique entre conception et expérimentation dans différentes situations réelles d’usage dans les fermes. A l’issue de ce travail, nous proposons une approche pragmatiste pour accompagner localement la transition agroécologique / We explore in this research the organizational dimensions of agroecological transition and the ways to support it locally. The support of agroecological transition requires connecting differentprocesses of individual and collective transformations of agricultural development and production activities. We design a device for action reseach within an agroecological transition project, carriedby a farmers and advisers association in the Roquefort area. We implement with them a social experiment to explore this problem both from theoretical and practical point of view. In our casethe connection between individual and collective transformation of participant activities required farmers and advisers to design together tools to accompany the agroecological transition on farms. This process allowed the debate about the diversity of agricultural models and representations that actors have regarding agroecological transition. It as well allows engaging advisers and farmers jointly in the agroecological transition. These transformations have been enhanced by the fact that the co-design process was organized as a dialogical process between design and experimentation of the tools in diverse real situations of use on farms. At the end of this journey, we propose to develop a pragmatist approach to accompany locally the agroecological transition

My project is about changing the attitudes towards secondhand clothes in the suburbs of Kalmar with repurposing fashion. Secondhand clothes have a bad reputation in the suburbs and in my project, I am seeking where the prejudice coming from, what is acceptable, etc. in hopes to create something that is acceptable and something that grabs the interest of the people from the suburbs of Kalmar. I'm trying to spread the good things about secondhand and teaching people in the suburbs how to repurpose their own clothes in my workshop called “Repurposed+”.Hopefully, this will also connect people and create an interest/hobby for them which will benefit their futures.

L’expérimentation sociale de Titus Salt (1803-1876) à travers sa communauté industrielle modèle de Saltaire, dans la région du Yorkshire, a été considérée jusqu’à nos jours comme une référence pour répondre aux maux urbains résultant de la rapide industrialisation du début du dix-neuvième siècle. L’enjeu de cette recherche est de contextualiser cette expérience, débutée en 1853, dans le mouvement de réformes sociales entre 1850 et 1880 à Bradford que nous considérons comme la ville à l’origine de Saltaire. Nous centrerons cette étude sur les différents aspects et influences alors à l’oeuvre dans la promotion de l’évolution ouvrière, tels que le bien-être social mais aussi les pressions économiques, politiques et religieuses. A travers cette comparaison nous constaterons l’étendue de la participation réformatrice et innovatrice sociale du village sous la direction de Titus Salt et observerons dans quelle mesure l’expérimentation à Saltaire prit part à l’avancée de la condition des ouvriers du textile lainier. / Titus Salt’s social experiment conducted through his model industrial community of Saltaire, in Yorkshire, has been perceived and presented this far as a solution to the contemporary issues resulting from rapid industrialisation. The aim of the present research is to put into context this experiment, started in 1853, within the wider social reform movement that occurred from 1850 to 1880 in Bradford- which we consider as the “mother town” of Saltaire. This study focuses on the various influences promoting the advancement of the factory workers’ conditions, such as social welfare concerns but also religious, political and economical pressures, in order to see their achievements on the urban life. This comparative study is aiming to demonstrate the extent to which the model village, under Titus Salt’s leadership, took part in the social reformation and in the progress of the worsted trade workers’ circumstances.

RIBEIRO, Josiane Maria de Castro. Conflitos, territórios e identificações: o encontro de experiências nas torcidas organizadas Cearamor e M.O.F.I. (2010). 213f. Tese (Doutorado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by nazareno mesquita (nazagon36@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-11-29T14:22:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_tese_JMDECR.pdf: 2509242 bytes, checksum: 21b460002fd3d17138fe1d1da19a64de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2011-11-29T16:58:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_tese_JMDECR.pdf: 2509242 bytes, checksum: 21b460002fd3d17138fe1d1da19a64de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-29T16:58:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_tese_JMDECR.pdf: 2509242 bytes, checksum: 21b460002fd3d17138fe1d1da19a64de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / This thesis discusses the networks of social experiences and identifications articulated in cheerleaders of football Cearamor MOFI in the city of Fortaleza. It analyzes the actions taken by young fans organized in search of anthropological density. It discusses the relationship between the circuit of funk balls, the 80 and 90, in Fortaleza, and cultural and symbolic universe of organized supporters of football in its current configuration. Refers to the uses and inversions of the stigma by members of the cheerleaders, who subvert the classifications that define them as thugs, criminals and supporters of gratuitous violence. It analyzes the way of life of organized fans, highlighting the investment in the virile embodiment, the sociability of conflict and territorial identification. / Discute as redes de experiências sociais e identificações articuladas nas torcidas organizadas de futebol Cearamor e M.O.F.I., na cidade de Fortaleza. Analisa as ações empreendidas pelos jovens torcedores organizados, em busca de densidade antropológica. Problematiza a relação entre o circuito dos bailes funks, das décadas de 80 e 90, em Fortaleza, e o universo simbólico e cultural das torcidas organizadas de futebol na sua formação atual. Versa sobre os usos e inversões do estigma pelos integrantes das torcidas organizadas, que subvertem as classificações que os definem como vândalos, bandidos e adeptos da violência gratuita. Analisa o modo de vida dos torcedores organizados em Fortaleza, destacando o investimento na corporalidade viril, na sociabilidade de conflito e na identificação territorial.