Social sustainability and sustainable communities are strongly linked to the concepts of social cohesion and social capital. Social capital arises through social networks, active citizenship, community volunteerism and taking part in social networks, which may be family, friends or associations. Through a high level of social capital, social cohesion can be fostered in communities. This is the aim of current urban policies, as cities nowadays struggle with high degrees of social segregation, fragmentation and polarisation. In an urban context these problems become visible through deprived neighborhoods, which are physically and socially isolated from the urban core. This phenomenon often goes hand in hand with ethnic segregation. These problems also emerge in Scandinavian cities, like the city of Malmö in southern Sweden. This paper will thus show what kind of policies are undertaken by the municipality to face social exclusion and to support active citizenship in the neighborhoods. This will be demonstrated with the aid of the case of the neighborhoods of Holma and Kroksbäck in the southern fringe of Malmö. In these neighborhoods, dominated by immigrants from the Middle East, former Yugoslavia and Albania, the level of trust is low and social capital is eroded. Ethnic associations thereby play an important role as the voice of local residents in collaboration with the municipality. Some examples of successfully facilitated actions by citizens’ participation in urban development by local residents- and barriers which occur will be analyzed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:22:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Bin.pdf: 3978907 bytes, checksum: 6ae7e09414e294f1f1da0e94502ca669 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of the work is to examine the processes which take the resident population of the suburbs of São Paulo to participate in the evenings poetics, produce which marginal texts (lyrical and prosaic). And in that case, evoking it as well, in what as the poetic performance is established. It indeed amuses with the recitations. My object of study is two evenings poetic, situated in the sector of the Southwest of São Paulo: that of Cooperifa (Chácara Santana, district of M' Boi Mirim) and that of Binho (Campo Limpo, homonymous district). My theoretical references includes the literature which analyzes the concept of territory and the processes of social and space organization in the city of São Paulo of the circles of the century XX in our days, when I remove the aspects of the urban segregation. As examine the methodology, I try to analyze the territory of the city, the evolution of the reproduction of the space along time, for then to carry out an approach of the pedaço, the quebrada, the place where the writing eccentric is unfolded. I try then to discuss the forms of this act, its appeal to a peripheral identity, her poetic performance, finishing with their unfolding in deprived territories of the city, as cultural events for besides evenings / O objetivo deste trabalho é pesquisar os processos que levam a população residente das periferias de São Paulo a participar dos saraus poéticos, seja produzindo o que chamo de escritura marginal (poética ou em prosa) e nesse caso, também evocando-a, no que se constitui a performance poética seja entretendo-se com as declamações. Meu objeto de estudo são dois saraus poéticos, localizados na região sudoeste da cidade de São Paulo: o da Cooperifa (Chácara Santana, subprefeitura do M´Boi Mirim) e o do Binho (Campo Limpo, subprefeitura homônima). Utilizo como referenciais teóricos a literatura que analisa, do ponto de vista geográfico e sociológico, o conceito de território e os processos de organização socioespacial da cidade de São Paulo, desde meados do século XX até os nossos dias, quando destaco os aspectos da segregação urbana. Como metodologia de pesquisa, procuro discutir a formulação do território urbano, a evolução da reprodução do espaço ao longo do tempo, para então realizar uma aproximação do pedaço, da quebrada, a localidade onde se pratica a escritura marginal. Procuro então avaliar as formas e os conteúdos dessa escritura, seu apelo a uma identidade periférica, sua apresentação performática, concluindo com seus desdobramentos nos territórios da precariedade, como manifestações culturais para além dos saraus

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:57:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Bin.pdf: 3978907 bytes, checksum: 6ae7e09414e294f1f1da0e94502ca669 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of the work is to examine the processes which take the resident population of the suburbs of São Paulo to participate in the evenings poetics, produce which marginal texts (lyrical and prosaic). And in that case, evoking it as well, in what as the poetic performance is established. It indeed amuses with the recitations. My object of study is two evenings poetic, situated in the sector of the Southwest of São Paulo: that of Cooperifa (Chácara Santana, district of M' Boi Mirim) and that of Binho (Campo Limpo, homonymous district). My theoretical references includes the literature which analyzes the concept of territory and the processes of social and space organization in the city of São Paulo of the circles of the century XX in our days, when I remove the aspects of the urban segregation. As examine the methodology, I try to analyze the territory of the city, the evolution of the reproduction of the space along time, for then to carry out an approach of the pedaço, the quebrada, the place where the writing eccentric is unfolded. I try then to discuss the forms of this act, its appeal to a peripheral identity, her poetic performance, finishing with their unfolding in deprived territories of the city, as cultural events for besides evenings / O objetivo deste trabalho é pesquisar os processos que levam a população residente das periferias de São Paulo a participar dos saraus poéticos, seja produzindo o que chamo de escritura marginal (poética ou em prosa) e nesse caso, também evocando-a, no que se constitui a performance poética seja entretendo-se com as declamações. Meu objeto de estudo são dois saraus poéticos, localizados na região sudoeste da cidade de São Paulo: o da Cooperifa (Chácara Santana, subprefeitura do M´Boi Mirim) e o do Binho (Campo Limpo, subprefeitura homônima). Utilizo como referenciais teóricos a literatura que analisa, do ponto de vista geográfico e sociológico, o conceito de território e os processos de organização socioespacial da cidade de São Paulo, desde meados do século XX até os nossos dias, quando destaco os aspectos da segregação urbana. Como metodologia de pesquisa, procuro discutir a formulação do território urbano, a evolução da reprodução do espaço ao longo do tempo, para então realizar uma aproximação do pedaço, da quebrada, a localidade onde se pratica a escritura marginal. Procuro então avaliar as formas e os conteúdos dessa escritura, seu apelo a uma identidade periférica, sua apresentação performática, concluindo com seus desdobramentos nos territórios da precariedade, como manifestações culturais para além dos saraus

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-12-20T11:25:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PATRÍCIA DE FARIA.pdf: 5390233 bytes, checksum: 859357aac2389eb73924dac9fe3f3ef8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-20T11:25:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PATRÍCIA DE FARIA.pdf: 5390233 bytes, checksum: 859357aac2389eb73924dac9fe3f3ef8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-24 / The research that integrates this dissertation was aimed at discussing and analysing, in particular, as the housing policy contributes to the expansion process of the urban area of the West region of Goiânia (Go), through the program my Home My Life (PMCMV). The analysis of the study object covers the production of housing developments carried out by public power and the housing market, destined for households with monthly income equal to or less than 10 minimum salaries. The production of real estate ventures is examined as an inductor of urban growth vectors, highlighting the role of public power and real estate capital as the protagonist in this process. The central hypothesis of the work part of the understanding that peripheral growth in the capital is the result of the state's segregating planning, which intensifies the socioeconomic inequality between the social classes since the construction of the capital city in the decade of 1930. In these terms, it is demonstrated that the strategies of the capitalist market and the submission of housing policies to a reproduction model characterized by spatial segregation, produced fragmented and hierarchical peripheral spaces. The methodological procedures comprised bibliographical research, research and documentary analysis, field research in the residential gardens of the Cerrado, housing development investigated as a case study. / A pesquisa que integra a presente Dissertação teve por finalidade discutir e analisar, de modo particular, como a política habitacional contribui para o processo de expansão do espaço urbano da Região Oeste da cidade de Goiânia (Go), por meio do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV). A análise do objeto de estudo abrange a produção de empreendimentos habitacionais realizados pelo poder público e pelo mercado imobiliário, destinados às famílias com renda mensal igual ou inferior a 10 salários mínimos. A produção de empreendimentos imobiliários é examinada como indutora de vetores de crescimento urbano, destacando o papel do poder público e do capital imobiliário como protagonista neste processo. A hipótese central do trabalho parte da compreensão que o crescimento periférico na capital é resultado do planejamento segregador do Estado, que intensifica a desigualdade socioeconômica existente entre as classes sociais desde a construção da cidade-capital, na década de 1930. Nesses termos, demonstra-se que as estratégias do mercado capitalista e a submissão das políticas habitacionais a um modelo de reprodução caracterizado pela segregação socioespacial, produziram espaços periféricos fragmentados e hierarquizados. Os procedimentos metodológicos compreenderam pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa e análise documental, pesquisa de campo no Residencial Jardins do Cerrado, empreendimento habitacional investigado como estudo de caso.

En Chine, l’Etat reste le seul propriétaire de tous les terrains et par délégation, les collectivités territoriales gèrent elles aussi l’utilisation du foncier. Avant 1987, l’Allocation administrative (Allocation), souvent à titre gratuit, avait été la seule modalité d’offre foncière qui répondait aux demandes des utilisateurs publics. Dès que le droit d’utilisation du sol a pu être transféré légalement à partir de 1987, des réformes successives ont conduit au développement d’un "marché foncier". Le système d’offre foncière se décompose alors en deux modes principaux : le mode d’Allocation et le mode de cession. Les procédures, les acteurs et les utilisateurs agissant sur la dynamique foncière se sont de plus en plus complexifiés. Mais, le manque ou l’inefficacité des outils juridiques et des moyens pour assurer la gestion de la ressource foncière et sécuriser les transactions génèrent beaucoup de désordres et de dysfonctionnements dans le mouvement d’urbanisation accélérée en Chine. L’enjeu de ce travail est d’étudier l’articulation entre d’une part, l’offre foncière et d’autre part, la consommation excessive de terres agricoles, la rénovation totale des quartiers anciens de qualité patrimoniale, la rétention foncière et l’incohérence entre le marché du logement et les besoins fondamentaux résidentiels. Notre méthodologie a consisté en un large inventaire bibliographique pour assimiler les contextes fonciers chinois. Elle s’est aussi appuyée sur des entretiens avec différents acteurs intervenant dans l’urbanisme ainsi que sur des visites de terrains de trois études de cas : Beijing, Shanghai et Xi’an. L’objet de cette thèse est de tenter de comprendre, d’analyser, d’approfondir les fondements des régimes fonciers, et de saisir toute la diversité des situations réelles dans le but de favoriser l’urbanisation et le renouvellement urbain, en Chine, pour le futur. Au cours de cette réflexion, théorique et pratique, et en continuité avec le sujet de notre DEA, nous nous sommes demandé dans quelle mesure la pratique de l’urbanisme en France pouvait faire l’objet de transferts dans les villes chinoises. / In China, the system of land offer is divided into two main modalities: the Allocation and the assignment. This study intends to elucidate the relationship between, on the one hand, the land availability and on the other hand, the excessive consumption of farming lands, the complete renovation of the ancient districts, the land retention and the disconnection between the housing market and the basic residential needs. The method of this study is based on a broad bibliographic inventory in order to assimilate Chinese land contexts and on interviews with different actors involved in urban planning, as well as visits of study sites in three cities: Beijing, Shanghai and Xi'an. This dissertation tends to understand, to analyze, to deepen the foundations of the property systems and to apprehend the diversity of all actual situations so as to promote urbanization and urban renewal in the future in China.

Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Konzept der Quartierseffekte und überprüft im Rahmen eines deutsch-französischen Vergleichs sowohl dessen Nützlichkeit für die Stadtforschung, als auch sein Potential für die Ausrichtung integrierter Quartierspolitik. Unter Quartierseffekten werden unabhängige Effekte des Wohngebiets verstanden, die sich auf die Lebensqualität und die Perspektiven seiner Bewohner auswirken. Wenngleich Quartierseffekte auf der Ebene der Individuen oft nur schwer zu messen sind, wird hier davon ausgegangen, dass sie durchaus Aufschluss über soziale Entwicklungen und Dynamiken des Gebiets selbst geben können. Auf der Grundlage von vier qualitativen Fallstudien in Quartieren in Berlin, Erlangen, Ile-de-France und Lille, werden der lokale Kontext der Entstehung von Quartierseffekten erörtert, deren Bedeutung für die Lebensqualität der Bewohner vor Ort diskutiert, sowie zentrale Wirkungszusammenhänge analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit unterstreichen, dass das Konzept der Quartierseffekte ein umfassendes Instrumentarium zur Analyse lokaler Wirkungszusammenhänge sozialer Ungleichheit liefert und dazu geeignet ist, politische Interventionen auf Effekte des Quartiers und deren Wirkungszusammenhänge vor Ort abzustimmen / This paper deals with the concept of area effects and screens within the frame of a German-French comparison both its utility as far as urban research is concerned, as well as its potential for the development of area-based policies. Area effects are independent effects of neighborhood which influence the life quality and the perspectives of their inhabitants. Even though area effects on individuals are often quite difficult to measure, the paper assumes that they offer valuable clues about social development and dynamics of the area itself. The local context of the development of area effects is then illustrated on the base of four qualitative case studies in areas in Berlin, Erlangen, Ile-de-France and Lille. Their importance for the life quality of the inhabitants, and their central interdependency is also addressed. The outcome of the survey makes the pertinence of both positive and negative area effects in every researched area clear, as well as it illustrates the central connections for their development and impacts within the areas. The findings of the current paper emphasize that the concept of area effects provides with a comprehensive conceptual instrument meant to analyze the local interdependency of social disparity and that it is appropriate to attune locally political intervention to the area effects and their interdependency.

From the moment children are born, they begin a lifetime journey of learning about themselves and their surroundings. With the establishment of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, it mandates that all children receive a high-quality education in a positive school climate. Regardless of the school the child attends or the neighborhood in which the child lives, proper and quality education and resources must be provided and made available in order for the child to be academically successful. The purpose of this ex post facto study was to investigate the relationship between the FCAT 2.0 mathematics scores of public middle school students in Miami-Dade County, Florida and the concentrations of a school’s racial and ethnic make-up (Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics), English for Speakers of other Languages (ESOL) population, socio-economic status (SES), and school climate. The research question of this study was: Is there a significant relationship between the FCAT 2.0 Mathematics scores and racial and ethnic concentration of public middle school students in Miami-Dade County when controlling SES, ESOL student population, and school climate for the 2010-2011 school year? The instruments used to collect the data were the FCAT 2.0 and Miami-Dade County Public Schools (M-DCPS) School Climate Survey. The study found that Economically Disadvantaged (SES) students socio-economic status had the strongest correlation with the FCAT 2.0 mathematics scores (r = -.830). The next strongest correlation was with the number of students who agreed that their school climate was positive and helped them learn (r = .741) and the third strongest correlation was a school percentage of White students (r = .668). The study concluded that the FCAT 2.0 mathematics scores of M-DCPS middle school students have a significant relationship with socio-economic status, school climate, and racial concentration.