People’s self-perception biases often lead them to see themselves as better than the average person (a phenomenon known as self-enhancement). This bias varies across cultures, and variations are typically explained using cultural variables, such as individualism versus collectivism. We propose that socioeconomic differences among societies—specifically, relative levels of economic inequality—play an important but unrecognized role in how people evaluate themselves. Evidence for selfenhancement was found in 15 diverse nations, but the magnitude of the bias varied. Greater self-enhancement was found in societies with more income inequality, and income inequality predicted cross-cultural differences in self-enhancement better than did individualism/collectivism. These results indicate that macrosocial differences in the distribution of economic goods are linked to microsocial processes of perceiving the self. / Steve Loughnan is a postdoctoral research associate funded by the Leverhulme Trust (F/00236/W). Peter Kuppens is a postdoctoral research fellow with the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders and is supported by Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Research Council Grants GOA/05/04 and OT/11/031. Anu Realo and Jüri Allik were supported by a grant from the Estonian Ministry of Education and Science (SF0180029s08). Junqi Shi was supported by a grant from the National Nature Foundation of China (NSFC:71021001). / Revisión por pares

Psychological resilience has been described as a multidimensional, context specific concept, and has been defined in numerous ways that attempt to encapsulate the process by which individuals positively adapt following stress or significant adversity. Research within competitive sport has highlighted several components that influence this process, which include; meta-cognitions and challenge appraisals, coping strategies, personal risk and protective factors, and sociocultural influences (Brown et al., 2015; Galli & Vealey, 2008; Fletcher & Sarkar, 2012; Sarkar & Fletcher, 2014a). Significantly, resilience is described as a dynamic process that is developed through exposure to challenge within the competitive environment (Galli & Vealey, 2008); however, little is known about the nature of psychological resilience at a junior level. The understanding of how resilience is conceptualised at this level is important as this knowledge can help to foster the appropriate protective and promotive factors required to thrive in a competitive junior environment, and best equip athletes for future periods of unrest. The aims of the current research program were to investigate the nature of psychological resilience within a junior sport context, and to explore appropriate measures or methodological approaches by which to achieve this. To achieve these, eight research objectives are presented. To address these objectives, five research investigations were proposed: Study 1. This study aimed to explore the psychometric qualities of the original 25-item CD-RISC (Connor & Davidson, 2003) amongst a sample of junior athletes. Three hundred and forty seven athletes (M age=15.42, SD=1.72) completed the original CD-RISC questionnaire. Participants represented a range of individual and team sports. Internal consistency and factor structure were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analyses (EFA). CFAs did not support the original 5-factor or unitary factor structure of the 25-item CD-RISC, but did support a unidimensional shortened 10-item measure (Cambell-Sills & Stein, 2007). Subsequently, an EFA and CFA also supported a valid and reliable 2-factor sport specific version of the CD-RISC, which was favoured based on stronger conceptual and theoretical support. This study supports the contention that resilience is not consistent across all populations and context specific measures may be required e.g., sport specific. The emergent 2-factor measurement model suggests an underlying structure of resilience in sport that represents an individual's control through adversity and growth mindset. Study 2. The aim of this study was to explore the nature of resilience within junior sport, with a specific focus on sport type, gender and age differences, and the association between resilience and sensation seeking characteristics. Participants completed the modified version of the CD-RISC, which emerged in the previous study and the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS; Hoyle at al., 2002), which measures dispositional risk taking behaviours. The results suggested that male and team athletes have significantly higher resilience scores than their female and individual sport counterparts. In general, protective factors associated with resilience positively relate to sensation seeking characteristics. Specifically, feelings relating to ‘control through adversity' more broadly relate to tendencies leading to greater risk exposure. These findings may suggest that those with a greater perception of control take more calculated risks and set goals that are more challenging. This may offer the opportunity to increase personal mastery through developed interpersonal relations, emotional expression, problem solving skills and coping resources. Nevertheless, our understanding of resilience seems limited by the capacity of a psychometric questionnaire to encapsulate such a complex construct. Study 3. This study aimed to provide a review of the literature concerning resilience in athletes, with a specific focus on identifying the differing methodological approaches to examine the nature of the construct in sport. Fourteen research articles that attempted to directly measure psychological resilience with an athlete sample were identified using both quantitative (n=8) and qualitative (n=6) approaches. Quantitative research has increased conceptual understanding of resilience in sport, relating to its positive associations with similar constructs (e.g., mental toughness), and its moderation qualities. This approach permits statistical analyses to track development, however is unlikely to offer sufficient depth to understanding given the complexities surrounding both the construct of psychological resilience and the nature of an elite sporting environment. Qualitative studies have helped to develop theoretical understanding of psychological resilience amongst athletes through adopting phenomenological methodologies, however, the application of knowledge relies on user generalisability alone and does not offer an objective measure of the construct. The review proposes an exploration of novel methodological approaches that consider the positive elements of both qualitative and quantitative research, but does not consolidate their pitfalls. Study 4. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel tool to measure psychological resilience using a Q-method approach. Specifically, this study aimed to construct a Q-set, by identifying the subjective viewpoints of junior rugby league players, associated with how they would respond to stress or adversity and their perceptions of the resilience process. Twenty-nine junior rugby league players (aged 13-14) were recruited to take part in one of two focus groups designed to generate statements relating to responses to adversity. Thirty statements emerged following inductive thematic analysis, and were retained for the Q-set. There are commonalities between these statements and characteristics of theoretical models and previous research concerning psychological resilience in sport. Study 5. The purpose of this study was to use the Q-set developed in the previous study to explore the nature of psychological resilience in the context of junior Rugby League, using a novel Q-sort method. Sixty junior rugby league players (aged 13-14) completed a standard Q-sort protocol, ranking the previously developed 30-item Q-set using a fixed quasi normal distribution, with anchors of +5 (most like me) to -5 (least like me). PQ Method statistical analysis software was used to analyse the data. Principle component analysis with varimax rotation identified four distinct subgroups that explained 72% of the total variance. These groups were distinguished through patterns relating to: social support, emotional control, unpleasant emotions, personal resources, and cognitive strategies. Shared qualities across the four subgroups were also identified, and included low ratings for evasion strategies, and seeking support, whilst generally high ratings for perseverance. The results from this study showed that junior rugby league players display a range of psychological responses when experiencing adversity and four subgroups with both defining and shared characteristics emerged. This study provides preliminary evidence for the potential usefulness of a Q-method approach for understanding the process of resilience in junior sport. Q-methodology provides an alternative to previous research designs attempting to understand the nature of resilience, and offers an engaging activity to participants, encouraging analytical reflections of their experiences. In summary, the data collected within the current research program has presented an original contribution to knowledge concerning the nature of psychological resilience in junior sport. / The thesis has delivered the first study of its kind, by employing Q-methodology to understand psychological resilience, revealing previously untapped complexities associated with the construct. This approach offers future researchers and practitioners the depth of insight and level of objectivity associated with qualitative and quantitative measures respectively, and recommends this as a viable alternative to psychometric measures of resilience.

This thesis aims to bring together the area of pragmatics in second language learning (SLL), and dynamic assessment (DA), and in doing so offer an alternative way of both assessing pragmatics and providing its instruction. DA aims to provide a detailed analysis of not only a learner’s current stage of development, but also their still developing abilities. Unifying instruction and assessment, the learner and a mediator co-construct a task, with the mediator providing assistance when necessary. By examining both the types of mediation practices and their frequency, insights can be gained as to the learner’s still maturing abilities, and future potential. DA also aims to uncover sources of learner difficulty, offering a diagnostic function as part of assessment. Drawing on conversation analysis research, the work of Gal’Perin and DA methodology, this study carried out a DA of the speech act of requesting in spoken interaction, assessing the effectiveness with which the DA promoted development in the learners. Further, the ability of the DA to uncover specific locations of learner difficulty was examined, as well as the ways in which the interlocutors successfully negotiated the opening and closing of mediation sequences. Six Japanese EFL learners in a university context co-constructed a number of role-play type language tasks with the researcher. In the first stage of the study, the researcher did not offer support to the learners, while in the following stage, mediation was provided when appropriate. The findings were used to inform the enrichment programme (EP) portion of the study, in which the learners met with the researcher for a period of four weeks, receiving tutoring. This was followed by further non-dynamic and dynamic assessments, to allow analysis of learner development. The study’s findings indicate that DA methodology, when applied to the speech act of requesting, can be an effective way to both promote learner development and assess learners’ abilities. Compared with the pre-EP assessments, participants produced more complex interactions that frequently showed evidence of taking the social context of the role-plays into account, as well as assuming greater responsibility for successfully completing the tasks. Participants were also more frequently able to verbally explain their language choices with reference to the target concepts of the assessments and EP. Further, overall, the opening and closing of mediation sequences were accomplished with more implicit negotiation practices, indicating increased interactive competence. The DA was also successful in locating specific locations of learner difficulty.

O objetivo desta Dissertação é analisar como determinadas práticas culturais, ocorridas no recreio escolar, atuam na produção e no tensionamento de processos de pertencimentos identitários juvenis. Foram observados jovens alunos de turmas de sexta, sétima e de oitava séries em sua rotina escolar no ano letivo de 2007, em uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental do município de São Leopoldo/RS. Foram consideradas suas diferentes maneiras de estar no recreio escolar, sejam através das múltiplas, simultâneas e às vezes descartáveis formas de sociabilidade, ou mesmo do fortalecimento de amizades. Os caminhos teórico-metodológicos para o estudo partiram de referenciais teóricos inscritos no campo dos Estudos Culturais e na etnografia pós-moderna, tendo nos diários de campo, na transcrição das conversas realizadas, bem como nos registros fotográficos, a base para a construção dos dados. Observou-se que, durante o momento do recreio escolar, esses jovens percorriam diferentes espaços da escola destinados a tal prática, transbordando conversas, respingando inconstâncias, contornando obstáculos, inundando espaços, compondo temporariamente lugares, como se fossem vitrinas dinâmicas que se dissolviam ao término do período destinado para se recrear. Os jovens observados constituíam grupos, comunidades fundidas por ideias, produzindo práticas, lugarizando espaços nos quais alguns sujeitos eram incluídos e/ou excluídos dentre seus pares. Nesse sentido, infere-se que o momento do recreio escolar, apesar de estar inserido num contexto institucionalizado, atrelado a um espaço específico e com tempo estabelecido, constitui-se em importante lugar de socialização, de tensionamentos, de processos de pertencimentos, que ultrapassam o espaço da sala de aula e do currículo formal, ou seja, através das práticas culturais ocorridas nesse período de recrear, pode-se observar um 'borramento de fronteiras', alguns 'escapes' que permeiam esse espaço/tempo, local de produção e fortalecimento de identidades. / The aim of this study is analyzing how specific cultural practices, occurred during break time in a school environment, may affect the production and the stressing points in teenagers' identity and membership processes. Sixth, seventh and eighth graders of an elementary public school in São Leopoldo/RS were observed during their school routine along the 2007 school term. Students' different postures during break time were analyzed, considering the multiple, simultaneous and sometimes dischargeable ways of sociability, or even of friendship enhancement. The theoretical and methodological paths taken in this study belong to the Sociocultural Studies field and to the Post-modern Ethnography. Data are constituted by field notes, transcription of conversations and photographic registers. It was observed that during break time these kids used different spaces of the school dedicated to such practice, overflowing colloquies, showing inconstancies, skirting obstacles, flooding spaces, temporarily occupying places, as if they were dynamic display windows that dissolved at the ending of the specific recreation time. The observed teenagers formed groups, communities formed by ideas, producing practices, and selecting arenas in which some individuals were included by or excluded from their peers. Thus, it is inferred that break time, although inserted in an institutionalized structure and related to the context of a specific space and with a defined duration, consists of an important arena for socialization, for stress, and for processes of social inclusion that are not limited to the classroom and the formal curriculum. In other words, it means that through the cultural practices occurred during break time a blurring of borders can be observed, as well as some escapes that permeate this space/time, an arena for the production of identities.

ARRUDA, Juliana Silva. Tecnologias digitais e emergência de zonas de desenvolvimento proximal em sala de aula. 2016. 105f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-22T13:22:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jsarruda.pdf: 3571578 bytes, checksum: bf4966a1777257a5f02840cc145943e2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-22T16:34:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jsarruda.pdf: 3571578 bytes, checksum: bf4966a1777257a5f02840cc145943e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-22T16:34:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jsarruda.pdf: 3571578 bytes, checksum: bf4966a1777257a5f02840cc145943e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Brazil is experiencing a period of technological immersion in all areas of society and every day, technologies are created that power the various human activities. The school should monitor the resulting changes of technological resources and be open to new educational possibilities to develop contemporary practices, from the inclusion of computers in school activities. Computers are features that enable interaction in group activities, the exchange of ideas and opinions; or the research of other realities. Thus, this study aims to analyze how the computer through digital resources used in activities collaboratively, can emerge Proximal Development Zone (ZDP). This research was developed in a municipal school in Aquiraz / CE, in groups of two or more learners. Qualitative methodology with interpretative character was used. The research technique involved participant observation, with micro genetic analysis and as tools for collecting videos and daily data field. Planned activities included the curriculum subjects, the use of computer and some Internet resources. The methodological procedures were considered from a micro genetic approach, and defined with the statement of contemporary researchers, as Meira and Lerman (2009) and Colaco et al. (2007) which expanded and interpreted new concepts of the ZDP Vygotsky (1994). The results were analyzed according to categories at the time of data analysis. In the first category, interaction among peers, was detailed as group activities, and peer contribution contributed to the development of the zone. In the second category, interaction with someone more experienced, involved contributions and assistance from someone more experienced, contributing to facilitating learning. The next third, technology support, has detailed the use of technology by students and contributions of this resource for teaching and learning processes. In the last category, student Protagonism discussed how students managed to overcome their level of development and can act as author of knowledge itself, and observed two characteristics: Activism and autonomy. The results highlighted times when resources combined with peer interaction promote and facilitate the emergence of ZPD, resulting in learning, promoting performances and authoring postures of these learners in the process. / O Brasil vivencia um período de imersão tecnológica em todas as áreas da sociedade, e a cada dia são criadas tecnologias que potencializam as diversas atividades humanas. A escola deve acompanhar as mudanças advindas dos avanços tecnológicos e ficar atenta às novas possibilidades educacionais para desenvolver práticas contemporâneas, a partir da inserção de computadores em atividades curriculares. Estes recursos possibilitam a interação nas atividades em grupo, na troca de ideias e opiniões; ou para a pesquisa de outras realidades. Dessa forma, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar como o computador, por meio de recursos digitais, utilizados em atividades realizadas colaborativamente, pode fazer emergir Zonas de Desenvolvimento Proximal (ZDP). Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma escola pública municipal de Aquiraz/CE, em grupos de dois ou mais aprendentes. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa, com caráter interpretativo. A técnica de pesquisa envolveu a observação participante, com análise microgenética, e, como instrumentos de coleta de dados, vídeos e diários de campo. As atividades planejadas envolveram as disciplinas curriculares, o uso do computador e alguns recursos da Internet. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram considerados a partir de uma abordagem microgenética, e definidos com a fundamentação de pesquisadores contemporâneos, como Colaço et al. (2007) e Meira e Lerman (2009), que ampliaram e interpretaram novos conceitos da ZDP de Vygotsky (1994). Os resultados foram analisados de acordo com categorias, no momento da análise dos dados. A primeira categoria – Interação entre pares – foi detalhada como as atividades em grupo, e a participação dos pares contribuiu no desenvolvimento de ZDP. A segunda categoria – Interação com alguém mais experiente – envolveu contribuições e assistência de alguém mais experiente, contribuindo para facilitação da aprendizagem. Na categoria seguinte – Suporte da tecnologia – foram detalhados o uso da tecnologia pelos alunos e as contribuições desse recurso para os processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Na última categoria – Protagonismo estudantil – foi discutida a maneira como os alunos conseguiram ultrapassar seu nível de desenvolvimento, podendo atuar como autores do próprio conhecimento, sendo observadas duas características: Ativismo e Autonomia. Os resultados destacaram momentos em que os recursos, aliados à interação entre pares, promovem e facilitam a emergência de ZDP, acarretando aprendizagem e promovendo atuações e posturas de autoria desses aprendentes em seu processo.

Neste trabalho relata-se a produção de um conjunto de oficinas, com foco na formação continuada de professores, mas também com o objetivo de atingir leigos interessados no assunto: Gravitação Universal. As oficinas foram ministradas como parte do OEI – Observatório Educativo Itinerante, em cinco módulos distintos mas relacionados. As atividades foram elaboradas à luz das ideias de Lev Vygotsky, sob uma perspectiva sociocultural da construção do conhecimento. O foco das atividades reside na evidenciação de processos de construção dos modelos explicativos para os movimentos do Sistema Solar e as interações gravitacionais entre os principais astros. As reflexões decorrentes da aplicação das atividades aponta: (1) que o material é versátil e utilizável em diferentes contextos; (2) os assuntos abordados em especial nos módulos 1 e 2, devido a sua complexidade conceitual, exigem mais tempo do que o inicialmente previsto; (3) as atividades podem ser extraídas do contexto da produção e utilizadas independentemente, desde haja uma contextualização inicial, (4) um diferencial em relação a outras produções similares, é que contém discussões detalhadas sobre o que se pode esperar como resultados e por quê, visando a auxiliar professores com lacunas em sua formação; e (5) a utilização do referencial mostrou-se adequada e produtiva, pois propiciou reflexões e identificação de caminhos explicativos tanto na elaboração do material quanto na análise das concepções dos participantes. / This study is about the production of a set of workshops focusing on Continuing Education for teachers and aiming to achieve general people who are interested in Universal Gravitation. Workshops were carried out as part of the Itinerant Educational Observatory (OEI) in five distinct sections which were related to each other. Activities were formulated based on Lev Vygotsky’s ideas through a sociocultural perspective of knowledge construction. The focus of activities is the disclosure of construction processes of explanatory models for the solar system motions and the gravitational interaction among main stars. Reflections resulting from the implementation of activities show that (1) material is versatile and useful in different contexts; (2) subjects addressed - mainly in modules 1 and 2 - require more time than the originally planned due to notion complexity; (3) activities can be extracted from production context and used independently since there is initial contextualization; (4) divergence regarding other similar productions is that they contain detailed discussions on why and what can be expected as results attempting to help teachers with educational gaps; and (5) references proved to be satisfactory and productive since they led to reflection and explanatory path identification in both preparation of material and analysis of participants’ conceptions.

O objetivo desta Dissertação é analisar como determinadas práticas culturais, ocorridas no recreio escolar, atuam na produção e no tensionamento de processos de pertencimentos identitários juvenis. Foram observados jovens alunos de turmas de sexta, sétima e de oitava séries em sua rotina escolar no ano letivo de 2007, em uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental do município de São Leopoldo/RS. Foram consideradas suas diferentes maneiras de estar no recreio escolar, sejam através das múltiplas, simultâneas e às vezes descartáveis formas de sociabilidade, ou mesmo do fortalecimento de amizades. Os caminhos teórico-metodológicos para o estudo partiram de referenciais teóricos inscritos no campo dos Estudos Culturais e na etnografia pós-moderna, tendo nos diários de campo, na transcrição das conversas realizadas, bem como nos registros fotográficos, a base para a construção dos dados. Observou-se que, durante o momento do recreio escolar, esses jovens percorriam diferentes espaços da escola destinados a tal prática, transbordando conversas, respingando inconstâncias, contornando obstáculos, inundando espaços, compondo temporariamente lugares, como se fossem vitrinas dinâmicas que se dissolviam ao término do período destinado para se recrear. Os jovens observados constituíam grupos, comunidades fundidas por ideias, produzindo práticas, lugarizando espaços nos quais alguns sujeitos eram incluídos e/ou excluídos dentre seus pares. Nesse sentido, infere-se que o momento do recreio escolar, apesar de estar inserido num contexto institucionalizado, atrelado a um espaço específico e com tempo estabelecido, constitui-se em importante lugar de socialização, de tensionamentos, de processos de pertencimentos, que ultrapassam o espaço da sala de aula e do currículo formal, ou seja, através das práticas culturais ocorridas nesse período de recrear, pode-se observar um 'borramento de fronteiras', alguns 'escapes' que permeiam esse espaço/tempo, local de produção e fortalecimento de identidades. / The aim of this study is analyzing how specific cultural practices, occurred during break time in a school environment, may affect the production and the stressing points in teenagers' identity and membership processes. Sixth, seventh and eighth graders of an elementary public school in São Leopoldo/RS were observed during their school routine along the 2007 school term. Students' different postures during break time were analyzed, considering the multiple, simultaneous and sometimes dischargeable ways of sociability, or even of friendship enhancement. The theoretical and methodological paths taken in this study belong to the Sociocultural Studies field and to the Post-modern Ethnography. Data are constituted by field notes, transcription of conversations and photographic registers. It was observed that during break time these kids used different spaces of the school dedicated to such practice, overflowing colloquies, showing inconstancies, skirting obstacles, flooding spaces, temporarily occupying places, as if they were dynamic display windows that dissolved at the ending of the specific recreation time. The observed teenagers formed groups, communities formed by ideas, producing practices, and selecting arenas in which some individuals were included by or excluded from their peers. Thus, it is inferred that break time, although inserted in an institutionalized structure and related to the context of a specific space and with a defined duration, consists of an important arena for socialization, for stress, and for processes of social inclusion that are not limited to the classroom and the formal curriculum. In other words, it means that through the cultural practices occurred during break time a blurring of borders can be observed, as well as some escapes that permeate this space/time, an arena for the production of identities.

abstract: Anderies (2015); Anderies et al. (2016), informed by Ostrom (2005), aim to employ robust feedback control models of social-ecological systems (SESs), to inform policy and the design of institutions guiding resilient resource use. Cote and Nightingale (2012) note that the main assumptions of resilience research downplay culture and social power. Addressing the epistemic gap between positivism and interpretation (Rosenberg 2016), this dissertation argues that power and culture indeed are of primary interest in SES research. Human use of symbols is seen as an evolved semiotic capacity. First, representation is argued to arise as matter achieves semiotic closure (Pattee 1969; Rocha 2001) at the onset of natural selection. Guided by models by Kauffman (1993), the evolution of a symbolic code in genes is examined, and thereon the origin of representations other than genetic in evolutionary transitions (Maynard Smith and Szathmáry 1995; Beach 2003). Human symbolic interaction is proposed as one that can support its own evolutionary dynamics. The model offered for wider dynamics in society are “flywheels,” mutually reinforcing networks of relations. They arise as interactions in a domain of social activity intensify, e.g. due to interplay of infrastructures, mediating built, social, and ecological affordances (An- deries et al. 2016). Flywheels manifest as entities facilitated by the simplified interactions (e.g. organizations) and as cycles maintaining the infrastructures (e.g. supply chains). They manifest internal specialization as well as distributed intention, and so can favor certain groups’ interests, and reinforce cultural blind spots to social exclusion (Mills 2007). The perspective is applied to research of resilience in SESs, considering flywheels a semiotic extension of feedback control. Closer attention to representations of potentially excluded groups is justified on epistemic in addition to ethical grounds, as patterns in cul- tural text and social relations reflect the functioning of wider social processes. Participatory methods are suggested to aid in building capacity for institutional learning. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2017

Submitted by JEANNETTE EMMA GALLEGUILLOS BUSTAMANTE null (jeannette.galleguillos@gmail.com) on 2016-12-08T13:17:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese com capa.pdf: 3463649 bytes, checksum: 8bd960f5f5eac1de7c44e290f881c7dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-12-12T12:51:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bustamante_jeg_dr_rcla.pdf: 3463649 bytes, checksum: 8bd960f5f5eac1de7c44e290f881c7dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T12:51:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bustamante_jeg_dr_rcla.pdf: 3463649 bytes, checksum: 8bd960f5f5eac1de7c44e290f881c7dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-22 / Esta pesquisa se desenvolveu num curso de formação continuada online para professores de matemática, no qual se tratou o tema de modelagem e aplicações usando-se a rede social Facebook para interação. O curso contemplou grupos de professores desenvolvendo uma tarefa que consistiu na proposta e resolução de um problema de modelagem. Cada grupo é visto como um sistema de atividade em que ocorrem inter-relações entre os sujeitos e seu mundo, trabalhando coletivamente para o desenvolvimento do sistema. O objetivo desta tese foi estudar como ocorre o desenvolvimento de Modelagem Matemática segundo a Teoria da Atividade. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, na qual os professores participantes interagiram em grupos na proposta e resolução de um problema de modelagem, a partir de um tema do seu interesse. Os resultados indicam que a tarefa de modelagem atuou como um artefato que fez os professores se mobilizarem de uma proposta fechada a uma mais aberta e de uma abordagem de reprodução para uma que incluía construção de conhecimento. O interesse dos participantes pelo tema escolhido foi um energizador do desenvolvimento de modelagem e as tecnologias participaram no sistema com agency (poder de ação), consistentemente com a noção de Seres-humanos-com-mídias. / This research has been developed in an online continuing education course for mathematics teachers, in which the issue of modeling and applications, using the social network Facebook for interaction was addressed. The course included teachers groups developing a task, which consisted in the proposal and resolution of a modeling problem. Each group is seen as an activity system in which there are interrelations between the subjects and their world, working collectively for the development of the system. The aim of this thesis was to study how the development of mathematical modeling process occurs according to the Activity Theory. The research has a qualitative approach, in which participating teachers interacted in groups in the proposal and resolution of a problem of modeling, from a theme of interest. The results indicate that the modeling task acted as an artifact doing the teachers mobilize from a closed to a more open proposal and from a reproductive approach to one that included knowledge building. Participant’s interest in the chosen theme was an energizer of modeling development and technologies participated in the system with agency, consistently with the notion of human-with-media. / Esta pesquisa se desarrolló en un curso de formación continua online para profesores de matemática, en el cual se trató el tema de modelación y aplicación usando la red social Facebook para interacción. El curso contempló grupos de profesores desarrollando una tarea que consistió en la propuesta y resolución de un problema de modelación. Cada grupo es visto como un sistema de actividad en el que ocurren interrelaciones entre los sujetos y su mundo, trabajando colectivamente para el desarrollo del sistema. El objetivo de esta tesis fue estudiar cómo ocurre el desarrollo de modelación matemática según la Teoría de la Actividad. La investigación es cualitativa, en la que los participantes interactuaron en grupos en la propuesta y resolución de un problema de modelación, a partir d eun tema de su interés. Los resultados indican que la tarea de modelación actuó como un artefacto que hizo que los profesores se mobilizaran desde una propuesta cerrada hacia una más abierta y, de un enfoque de reproducción para uno que incluyera construcción de conocimiento. El interés de los participantes por el tema escogido fue un energizador del desarrollo de modelación y las tecnologías participaron en el sistema con agency (poder de acción), consistentemente con la noción de Humanos con Medios.

Submitted by Keicielle Oliveira (keicielle.oliveira@enap.gov.br) on 2018-05-02T13:29:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TFM Keicielle - PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA EN REDES SOCIALES - 2016.pdf: 2316031 bytes, checksum: 17be3e4e5657edfcc62579330b805960 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Keicielle Oliveira (keicielle.oliveira@enap.gov.br) on 2018-05-02T13:29:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TFM Keicielle - PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA EN REDES SOCIALES - 2016.pdf: 2316031 bytes, checksum: 17be3e4e5657edfcc62579330b805960 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-02T13:29:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TFM Keicielle - PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA EN REDES SOCIALES - 2016.pdf: 2316031 bytes, checksum: 17be3e4e5657edfcc62579330b805960 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09 / Este trabajo investiga las dinámicas de participación e interacción de los ciudadanos en las páginas de ayuntamientos de España y Brasil en Facebook y Twitter. Las redes sociales son espacios donde las personas se manifiestan como sujetos, exponen sus intereses, preferencias, unos llegan incluso a destacarse como figuras influyentes, aunque nunca han participado de los medios tradicionales de comunicación, y cada vez más la web 2.0 pasa a ser parte de la vida cotidiana de los ciudadanos. Al utilizar estos medios para comunicarse, los gobiernos tienen la posibilidad de promover una redefinición de la participación ciudadana y la participación política, con la suposición de que el uso de entorno electrónico también se traduce en una mejor prestación de los servicios públicos, la promoción de la transparencia institucional, el compartimiento/integración de información entre las agencias gubernamentales y la promoción de la ciudadanía y la participación popular, por lo tanto, es deseable. Se propone el desarrollo de una etnografía virtual y análisis semiótico para comprender la difusión de ideas a través de las redes sociales, cuáles son los perfiles de participación, si hay una participación efectiva y relevante, o al menos una potencialidad para esto, y si el gobierno pasa a incorporar una nueva dimensión de la comunicación humana en sus rutinas, que disminuye la distancia entre institución y ciudadano. / 77 p. / Gestão Pública / Participação social. Contrato Social