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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Conception et commande d'un dispositif à rendu haptique dans le cadre de la simulation de chirurgie minimalement invasive

Guiatni, Mohamed 22 June 2009 (has links) (PDF)
L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de développer une nouvelle interface pour la simulation des procédures de chirurgie mini-invasive. L'interface développée introduit les modalités visuelle, haptique et thermique pour les futures générations de simulateurs et de robots chirurgicaux. La particularité de cette recherche réside dans l'utilisation de la stimulation thermique dans une perspective d'application pour la chirurgie. Dans ce cadre, plusieurs modèles de transfert de chaleur ont été développés, implémentés et évalués pour des applications de téléprésence et de réalité virtuelle. Des sensations intéressantes ont été enregistrées, ce qui a une conséquence directe sur la capacité de distinguer entre des objets dans l'environnement et particulièrement dans le domaine médical où la sensation thermique est en corrélation avec la présence d'anomalies dans certaines maladies. Un nouveau dispositif haptique est conçu et réalisé en analysant les tâches chirurgicales en termes de dextérité, d'espace de travail, de force et de couple exigés. Nous avons tenu compte des exigences générales de conception mécaniques des interfaces haptiques à partir de ce qui a été établi dans la littérature de l'haptique. Le dispositif complet a été interfacé avec un logiciel de simulation en réalité virtuelle (SOFA). Nous avons intégré dans SOFA le module nécessaire pour la simulation thermique. L'intégration était réussie et un scénario de simulation réaliste avec le retour d'information visuel que thermique a été réalisé. Des résultats préliminaires utilisant la simulation complète sont présentés.
22

Flexibelt boende : en multifunktionell möbel för begränsad bostadsyta / Flexible Living : a multifunctional furniture for limited living space

Soubiea, Nicholas January 2017 (has links)
The goal in my bachelor thesis has been to create a multifunctional furniture, a product in which the form has followed the function to allow the user variation for the body and practical functions. The purpose of this project has been to encourage reduction of unnecessary furniture within compact living spaces and instead offer better solutions to practical multifunctional furniture. In my research phase for this project I studied different forms of multifunctional furniture on the market as well as carried out different observational studies of student living and how students generally use their furniture. The first being various visits to different student rums and apartments. The other being a closer study at Malmstens school in which I allowed students to create their own space and interact with the furniture to study how the students used the furniture and how the students sat in the furniture. A basic, yet crucial, survey about multifunctional furniture was sent out to gather information on what people do at home and what type of furniture people prefer if they were to live in a compact space. The research gathered led to the next phase of the project in which many different sketching techniques, both 2d and 3d, resulted in a multifunctional furniture which offers variation within sitting and practical use. As a result of the analysis a furniture prototype will be built and shown at Malmstens Spring Exhibition and Vallastaden Living and House Society Exhibit in September 2017. / I detta examensarbete har målet varit att skapa en multifunktionell möbel, en produkt där form följer funktion som erbjuder variation både för kroppen och för praktiska funktioner. Syftet med att uppnå detta mål är att uppmuntra till minimering av antalet möbler på en begränsad yta och därmed bidra till minskad konsumtion och erbjuda fler praktiska lösningar i hemmet. Jag vill upplysa om och uppmuntra tanken att möbler kan passa människans flexibla behov. En insamlingsetapp av information från studiebesök, deltagande observationer, en enkät och en omvärldsanalys har lett till en god uppfattning om hur människor kan möblera i framtiden. Under dessa observationsstudier besöktes olika former av studentboende med fokus på att observera förhållande mellan hur möbeln användes och placeras i rummet. I den andra studien som ägde rum på Malmstensskolan skapades ett påhittat rum som fick inredas av olika studenter för att se vilka funktioner möbeln användes till och hur studenten rörde sig i sina möbler. Undersökningen har lett till en omfattande skissprocess med olika skissmetoder. Resultatet är en multifunktionell möbel som ger variation för både sittande och praktiskt användning. Utifrån detta examensarbete tillverkas en prototyp som ska ställas ut vid Malmstens Vårutställning 2017 och vid Vallastaden Bo- och Samhällsexpo 2017.
23

Soffvisningar på Moderna Museet : Nya sätt att förmedla och betrakta konst i ett digitalt, interaktivt format via sociala medier / Sofa tours made by Moderna Museet : New ways of disseminating and viewing art using digital, interactive methods and social media

Nolin, Jenny January 2021 (has links)
This essay investigates live-streamed guided tours made by Moderna Museet, so called sofa tours, streamed between February 2020­ and April 2021. The aim is to observe, describe and analyze the [Moderna Museet’s] sofa tours using a modality approach as well as relating the sofa tours to physical museum visits, using the concepts of media, mediation, remediation, immediacy and hypermediacy. The research questions concern ways of looking at art when participating in sofa tours and the differences compared to physically viewing art at the museum. In conclusion, the sofa tours made by Moderna Museet offers several alternatives to physical museum visits, not necessarily better or worse. Participants can actually modify their experience of participating in sofa tours and looking at art, for example by choosing to participate live or afterwards, with or without access to other participants comments, questions and reactions as well as choosing between using Facebook, Instagram, YouTube or the museum webpage to access the sofa tours. Comparing sofa tours to physical museum visits showed that both their principal function is to provide opportunities for people to view art together with other people, with or without the aid of a guide. However, most of the mediated space in the physical museum is unavailable to sofa tour participants. On the other hand, the sofa tour creates another set of unique mediations which do not exist in the physical museum space.
24

Criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC Armed Forces over their members during peace time : a case study of the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Botswana

Ngoai, Madila Asiel 06 1900 (has links)
Text in English / The study aims to investigate criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC armed forces during peace time focusing only on the Republic of Botswana and the Republic of South Africa. Since the adoption of the Declaration and Treaty of SADC, the armed forces of both Botswana and South Africa at times find themselves on each other’s territory. Once in each other’s territory the question of criminal jurisdiction becomes imperative. The two countries seem not to agree on the content of status of force agreements while cooperating in terms of the SADC Treaty. The contentious point is that the death sentence is still a competent sentence for certain offences under certain circumstances in terms of Botswana laws, whereas in South Africa the death sentence was declared unconstitutional. In the absence of any agreement, South African armed forces may face a death sentence while in Botswana and Botswana authorities might not be able to carry out a death sentence over their members for offences committed while in South Africa. In trying to answer the question of criminal jurisdiction while on each other’s territory during peace time, a study of the evolution of jurisdiction is undertaken. The laws of both countries are considered, especially the application and protection afforded by their respective constitutions. The approach followed by the UN in sending a peace-keeping force to conflict areas is analysed. A micro-comparison of agreements concluded by selected countries, more especially the NATO agreement, is undertaken. Treaties as a source of international law are analysed to show that rights can be extended and be limited by agreement. The study concludes by recommending that concurrent criminal jurisdiction with certain qualification seems to be the accepted norm and compromise amongst the international community, and that the two countries may consider this approach as the basis for such agreement. / Public, Constitutional, & International Law / LL.M
25

Simulation temps-réel d'interventions médicales impliquant des déformations et des interactions mécaniques entre les tissus et les outils (Manuscrit en anglais)

Duriez, Christian 01 February 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Les travaux de recherche présentés pour l'habilitation à diriger des recherches, visent à proposer de nouveaux outils pour simuler des interventions médicales et chirurgicales. Ces outils ont plusieurs applications dont l'amélioration de la formation des praticiens, la planification d'interventions pour la préparation et la validation d'une thérapie ou encore l'assistance au geste médical durant une intervention. Or, pour simuler ces interventions de manière réaliste voire prédictive, il faut tenir compte de la déformation des structures anatomiques et des interactions mécaniques entre les outils et les organes. En même temps, la simulation doit être interactive et calculée en temps-réel pour garder le geste du praticien dans la boucle de la simulation. Le défi majeur de notre travail est donc de garantir un calcul précis au niveau de la simulation tout en gardant un temps de calcul très court, qui soit compatible avec le temps-réel. D'abord, nous proposons une formulation optimisée de la méthode par éléments finis (FEM) et de nouveaux outils numériques (pré-conditionneurs, couplage entre modèles...) dédiés à au calcul FEM temps-réel. Cette approche est utilisée pour calculer la biomécanique des déformations des tissus anatomiques et les instruments flexibles. Nous abordons ensuite un autre point clé de ces simulations que sont les conditions aux limites. Les interactions mécaniques entre organes et/ou entre les outils chirurgicaux et les tissus sont souvent complexes à modéliser. Or, une mauvaise prise en compte de ces interactions peut aboutir à des erreurs importantes. Notre approche suit les bases de la mécanique non-régulière pour gérer, notamment, le contact et le frottement entre solides. Nous étendons l'approche à d'autres modèles d'interaction (comme l'insertion d'aiguille par exemple). Dans ce contexte, nous mettons l'accent sur le calcul de la compliance des structures en temps-réel. Par ailleurs, pour certaines interventions où le retour visuel n'est pas parfait, le praticien se guide aussi avec le sens du toucher. Il est donc important de reproduire au moins partiellement cette sensation - dite haptique - avec des interfaces à retour d'effort, pilotée à partir des données de la simulation. Dans ce domaine, nous proposons une approche centrée sur le rendu haptique des interactions mécaniques entre outil chirurgical et tissus humain. Cette approche se base notamment sur une désynchronisation du calcul de la boucle de simulation et de la boucle de retour d'effort qui demande un rafraichissement à haute fréquence (1kHz). Finalement, nous présentons ces résultats de recherche sur des exemples concrets d'application et nous présentons les défis à venir pour permettre à la simulation de devenir un outil utilisé par les praticiens à l'avenir. Le manuscrit est en anglais.
26

Criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC Armed Forces over their members during peace time : a case study of the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Botswana

Ngoai, Madila Asiel 06 1900 (has links)
Text in English / The study aims to investigate criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC armed forces during peace time focusing only on the Republic of Botswana and the Republic of South Africa. Since the adoption of the Declaration and Treaty of SADC, the armed forces of both Botswana and South Africa at times find themselves on each other’s territory. Once in each other’s territory the question of criminal jurisdiction becomes imperative. The two countries seem not to agree on the content of status of force agreements while cooperating in terms of the SADC Treaty. The contentious point is that the death sentence is still a competent sentence for certain offences under certain circumstances in terms of Botswana laws, whereas in South Africa the death sentence was declared unconstitutional. In the absence of any agreement, South African armed forces may face a death sentence while in Botswana and Botswana authorities might not be able to carry out a death sentence over their members for offences committed while in South Africa. In trying to answer the question of criminal jurisdiction while on each other’s territory during peace time, a study of the evolution of jurisdiction is undertaken. The laws of both countries are considered, especially the application and protection afforded by their respective constitutions. The approach followed by the UN in sending a peace-keeping force to conflict areas is analysed. A micro-comparison of agreements concluded by selected countries, more especially the NATO agreement, is undertaken. Treaties as a source of international law are analysed to show that rights can be extended and be limited by agreement. The study concludes by recommending that concurrent criminal jurisdiction with certain qualification seems to be the accepted norm and compromise amongst the international community, and that the two countries may consider this approach as the basis for such agreement. / Public, Constitutional, and International Law / LL.M
27

BÄDDSOFFAN GENERATIONS : Produktutveckling för compact living

Birkehammar, Martina January 2021 (has links)
In Sweden, there are students who live in small student apartments. These apartments can be called compact living as a student apartment can be as small as 16 square meters. To take advantage of the place that is in small homes, it would be good if larger furniture could be combined into a piece of furniture. On behalf of Husmuttern AB, this work has been aimed at exploring furniture concepts with sleeping and their functions in a compact living environment for students. The issues being examined are: -          What functions are desirable in a multifunctional seating and sleeping furniture for students and people living in compact living environments? -          How can a multifunctional seating and sleeping furniture be designed, that is applied to students living in a compact-living environment? Human Centered Design was used as a method and thus a qualitative data collection was carried out in the form of observations. The respondents were in the primary target group and were observed in their everyday lives in their homes. A focus group was involved in generating ideas and concepts. Functional prototypes were built, and 3D models were created in SolidWorks. Digital testing of the concepts was carried out and the development of the Generation Sofa Bed was realized. There is a discussion about how reliable this study is, when the results became situational. However, the respondents were from a limited audience and had different views on what they wanted from a sofa bed, which provided rewarding information for the development of the furniture. The conclusion is that while the Generation Sofa Bed needs to be further developed through testing and evaluation of storage facilities, it has great potential to become a finished product. / I Sverige bor det studenter i små studentlägenheter. De lägenheterna kan kallas för compact living då en studentlägenhet kan vara så liten som 16 kvadratmeter. För att ta vara på den plats som finns i små hem vore det bra om större möbler kunde kombineras till en möbel. På uppdrag av Husmuttern AB har detta arbete haft som syfte att utforska möbelkoncept med sov- och sittfunktioner i en compact living miljö för studenter. De frågor som undersöks är: 1.      Vilka funktioner är önskvärda i en multifunktionell sitt- och sovmöbel för studenter och personer som bor i compact living miljö? 2.      Hur kan en multifunktionell sitt- och sovmöbel konstrueras, som är tillämpad för studenter som bor i compact-living miljö?  Human Centered Design användes som metod och därmed genomfördes en kvalitativ datainsamling i form av observationer. Respondenterna var med i den primära målgruppen och observerades i sin vardag i sina hem. En fokusgrupp var med och genererade idéer och koncept. Funktionsprototyper byggdes och 3D modeller skapades i SolidWorks. Digital testning av koncepten genomfördes och utvecklingen av Bäddsoffan Generations blev förverkligad. Det finns en diskussion om hur pålitlig denna studie är, då resultaten blev situationsbaserade. Dock var respondenterna från en begränsad målgrupp och hade olika syn på vad de ville ha av en bäddsoffa, vilket gav givande information till utvecklingen av möbeln. Slutsatsen är att medan Bäddsoffan Generations behöver vidareutvecklas genom testning och utvärdering om förvaringsmöjligheter, så har den stor potential att bli en färdig produkt.

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