臺東孩子的書屋及水牛書店，分別代表非營利組織及社會企業，作為社會團結經濟組織中的兩種型態，組織當初如何做出型態選擇的決定，在決定後，對於社會問題治理的可行性有何不同，本文運用比較個案研究，發現兩個案選擇組織型態的過程受到組織的先決條件如財務能力、社群連結、歷史因素、領導人等的影響，本文也從組織服務項目如教育、社區服務及財務穩定性進行比較分析，發現非營利組織或社會企業，若擁有足夠的資金及人力，對其社會治理的可行性是肯定的，差別在於獲取資源的難易程度，非營利組織只是單純依賴政府補助，穩定性不高，因此必須取得個人、企業等的捐款，但募款活動宗旨、服務對象、總體形象等都會影響募款成果，因此非營利組織能利用特色回饋方式，如兩天一夜生活體驗活動，創造大眾募款誘因，也能利用企業化創造獨立的資金來源，以減少對於募款的依賴；社會企業雖然也能對外募款、運用政府補助款，但若要以偏向純企業的運作，就得在經營面下功夫，運用創新的營銷手法販售品質良好的產品，社會企業有穩定營收才能確保教育運作。不管組織型態為何，領導者若能建立社會網絡，降低獲取各種資源的成本，對於組織運作勢必有所幫助，針對組織型態的選擇並沒有誰好誰壞的問題，本文只是希望能透過臺東孩子的書屋及水牛書店，進一步比較及分析並提供一個作為特別經營模式策略的參考。 / The Children’s Book House in Taitung as a nonprofit organization and Buffalo Bookstore in Taoyuan as a social enterprise represent two organization forms of social and solidarity economy. Why they choose respective form in the first place and how they might fare as the consequence of their initial choice are something interesting to know. This research applies comparative case study to identify the factors that have contributed their organizational choice. The factors include financial capacity, personal networks, leader’s preference, and so on. This study also points out how different forms of choice might be able to keep sustainable. As more literature on social and solidarity economy has accumulated in recent years, this study provides two successful cases to illustrate their strategic reactions to problems they face respectively. It is expected that systematic surveys of such cases would contribute to effective theory building in this field.

A economia solidária é definida como modelo de produção e distribuição alternativo as contradições da dinâmica da economia capitalista, especialmente a concentração de renda. Esse modelo econômico alternativo está estruturado em princípios democráticos. Por este motivo, a gestão de uma empresa solidária deve contar com a participação de todos os envolvidos no seu funcionamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o potencial para constituição de empreendimentos da economia solidária para pequenos municípios, como São José do Barreiro. A economia solidária adquiriu visibilidade, no Brasil, a partir da implantação da Senaes, em 2003. A partir desse momento, a economia solidária passou a fazer parte de um programa de políticas públicas na agenda do governo federal. Este estudo foi norteado pela pesquisa qualitativa, pois engloba diversos fenômenos das ciências humanas. Nesse segmento encontra-se a pesquisa do tipo documental, que possibilita o estudo de fatos históricos por meio de documentos. Esta pesquisa é justificada pela análise de um projeto de inclusão produtiva que favoreça a inserção no mercado de trabalho por meio do cooperativismo. Em 2010, São José do Barreiro ficou com uma das menores notas no IFDM do estado de São Paulo. Dentre as 644 cidades avaliadas naquele ano, São José do Barreiro ficou na 639 posição. Apesar das dificuldades na avaliação das instituições autogestionárias, presume-se que a economia solidária é um modelo justo e inclusivo, com foco na melhoria do bem-estar da sociedade. Esta pesquisa verificou que o gargalo de São José do Barreiro está relacionado a dificuldade na geração de emprego e renda. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o dinamismo de EES é capaz de alterar favoravelmente as condições socioeconômicas de São José do Barreiro como meio de inclusão produtiva. São José do Barreiro apresenta condições favoráveis ao desenvolvimento de projetos de economia solidária voltados à agricultura familiar e ao artesanato. Além disso, o setor de turismo rural ou de aventura é uma opção para aquecer a economia da cidade, mas que depende de maior apoio de órgãos públicos. As medidas adotadas pelo governo federal, em 2015, de ajuste da economia reforçam a necessidade de fortalecimento da economia solidária como recurso para inclusão produtiva e empoderamento econômico. / The solidarity economy is define as production and alternative distribution model the dynamic contradictions of the capitalist economy, especially the concentration of income. This alternative economic model is organize on democratic principles. For this reason, the management of a joint company should include the participation of all those involved in its operation. The objective of this paper is to discuss the potential for creation of social economy enterprises to small municipalities, such as São José do Barreiro. The solidarity economy gained visibility in Brazil since the implementation of Senaes in 2003. From that moment, the solidarity economy became part of a public policy program on the agenda of the federal government. This study was guided by qualitative research, as it encompasses many phenomena of the humanities. This segment is the research of documentary type, which allows the study of historical events through documents. This research is justified by the analysis of a productive inclusion project that favors the insertion in the labor market through the cooperative. In 2010, São José do Barreiro got one of the smallest notes in IFDM the state of São Paulo. Among the 644 cities evaluated that year, São José do Barreiro was in 639 position. Despite the difficulties in assessing self-managed institutions, it is assume the solidarity economy is a fair and inclusive model, focusing on improving the well-being of society. This research found that the bottleneck of São José do Barreiro is related to difficulties in generating jobs and income. Thus, it is conclude that the dynamism of EES is able to favorably alter the socioeconomic conditions of São José do Barreiro as a means of productive inclusion. São José do Barreiro presents favorable conditions for the development of social economy projects aimed at family farming and crafts. In addition, the rural tourism sector or adventure is an option to heat the citys economy, but it depends on greater support from government agencies. The measures adopted by the federal government in 2015, the economy adjust reinforce the need for strengthening the solidarity economy as a resource for productive inclusion and economic empowerment.

Peripheralisation is a process to which a person, a group or an area might be subjected to. Stigmatisation, selective migration, disconnection, dependence and social exclusion are dimensions of peripheralisation that are interconnected and that accelerate each other’s effects. Structurally disadvantaged rural areas, especially remote small villages in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are particularly affected by the processes of peripheralisation. While economic decline and ethnic exclusion produced contagious “ghettoes” (Virág 2010) or “internal colonies” (Kóczé 2011) in the last two decades in structurally disadvantaged small villages of Hungary, in the German context the phenomenon of a “rural ghetto” seems to be non-existent. In Germany, mainly East German old industrial towns and rural areas are affected by peripheralisation, selective out-migration, demographic shrinking and demographisation are emphasised here. Ethnographic research in the case study villages of Eastern Germany and Hungary confirmed that peripheralisation is relational and amongst others national and regional social policies influence how it manifests on the local level. While areas undergoing moderate peripheralisation were able to attract counter-cultural migrants (“back-to-the-landers“, Calvário and Otero 2015), who further counteracted peripheralisation processes, socially excluded people (Roma and long-term unemployed) accumulated in areas undergoing advanced peripheralisation. While counter-cultural migrants (case study G1 and H3), who follow a critique of materialist mainstream culture, modern farming practices, and the globalization of the agri-food systems, were free to decide where to live, the inhabitants of areas undergoing advanced peripheralisation (H2) got locked into spaces which are abandoned by the state, investors and the majority society (non-Roma people). As class, gender, ethnicity and place of residence influences autonomy, the individual and collective autonomy of the counter-cultural migrants is on a higher level than the autonomy of the inhabitants of areas undergoing advanced peripheralisation. As local initiatives (social and solidarity economy initiatives or rural social enterprises) are created to counteract processes of peripheralisation, the central question of this research is: In the context of peripheralisation how can social and solidarity economy initiatives contribute to local development? To explore in what ways rural social enterprises may (or may not) counteract processes of peripheralisation this study relies on a critical realist ethnography (with participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentary analysis) and on a normative approach of local development, integrating economic, social, and environmental aspects too. ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS In line with the relational approach to individual autonomy (Mackenzie 2014), a normative assumption of social enterprise scholars is that even if social enterprises receive state funding or money from private foundations or churches, they should be able to preserve their organisational autonomy. However, it should be pointed out that existing institutional contexts influence the political and organisational independence of social and solidarity economy (SSE) initiatives. Even if the reunification of Germany resulted in the assimilation of many East German institutions into West German ones, compared to Hungary, East Germany got integrated into a country with a thick institutional system for welfare provision and in which state-civil society relationships are rather characterised by partnership than state control. The current Hungarian government shows authoritarian tendencies, when it limits funding sources for civilian-based initiatives. Such a context, leads to municipality-based and faith-based social enterprises to blossom over civilian-based ones. These organisations are embedded in centralised structures and they often envision development through patronising means and thus reproduce the marginality of the socially excluded (particularly Roma) within the local society. Beyond monetary resources, non-monetary resources, such as volunteers or strong communities with reciprocal behaviour are considered to be potential resources for social enterprises. However, this research showed that with intensifying peripheralisation (eg. the selective out-migration of better-off social strata) SSE initiatives can decreasingly rely on non-monetary resources locally. Even if capitalist integration of CEE influenced negatively village communities, the reciprocal structures still existed in a village undergoing a higher (but not advanced) level of peripheralisation (H3) when the Ministers moved there and started their faith-based social enterprise together with the locals. In contrast, when the colleagues of the Equality Foundation started their civilian-based social enterprise in a village undergoing advanced peripheralisation, structures of reciprocal relations no longer existed there (H2). People in this village had time, but had been experiencing socio-spatial marginalisation (educational and territorial segregation, lack of jobs locally, limited access to public transport and car) for such a long time that they did not have the actual capacity to initiate local development without assistance coming from outside the village. SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS The potential of participative decision-making is recognised by social enterprise researchers as a vehicle to empower marginalised people. From the four case studies only two initiatives (H2, G1) aim explicitly to achieve participative decision-making. Within the two other projects decisions are made through representatives of the community. In the case of the municipality-based social enterprise (H1), dominantly one representative, the Mayor has the power to make decisions, while in the case of the faith-based social enterprise (H3) the community representative, the 8 Presbyters and the Minister (who are all male) have the institutionalised right to make decisions for the community. The two civilian-based social enterprises (G1 and H2) are embedded in differently peripheralised contexts. In the case of advanced peripheralisation (H2) help comes outside of the village, from a development organisation. Building up the capacities of the local stakeholders for participative decision-making is a long-term strategy for the Foundation, which explicitly focuses on the empowerment of Roma and women. In case of moderate peripheralisation (G1) local agents, amongst whom counter-cultural migrants are overrepresented, have a capacity to start their SSE initiatives without help coming from a development organisation. Even if inhabitants of areas undergoing advanced peripheralisation have an agency, they need professional assistance from outside. It is, however, of particular importance that the development organisation follows the philosophy of democratic solidarity and has a capability-based approach. Without such assistance it would be naïve to expect agents of severely peripheralised areas to set up and run SSE initiatives themselves. At the same time it would be also wrong to think that without local knowledge (for example the knowledge of surviving in conditions of deep poverty and lived experiences of institutional racism) “developers” could reach long lasting results. Among the four case studies, the empowerment capacity was the highest in the civilian-based social enterprise (belonging to the Equality Foundation). This was the only initiative that acknowledged the ethnicised (and gendered) structural oppression of Roma (women). In addition to aiming to increase the individual autonomy of their stakeholders (through supporting adult education or providing advices on how to deal with domestic abuse), the organisation also aims to develop the collective autonomy of the inhabitants of the village through their community development project. Without identifying themselves as a Roma feminist organisation, the Equality Foundation has consciously focused on women as partners of local development. The reasoning behind their decision is connected to the role women play in the social reproduction of their households. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS There are life situations, when social needs get prioritised over environmental considerations. Deep poverty is one of those life situations. For example, the daily survival under conditions of housing poverty and extreme cold weather overwrites long-term strategies, such as environmentalism. Due to a lower purchasing power, poorer households have lower levels of consumption too. This, however, does not mean that underprivileged people would not aim to consume more. On the contrary, as our society is dominated by the ideology of capitalist consumerism, to counteract social exclusion consumerism is seen as a strategy towards social integration for people living in deep poverty. The comparison between a Hungarian village undergoing advanced peripheralisation (H2) and a German village undergoing moderate peripheralisation (G1) shows that only people with a higher level of individual autonomy are capable of “decolonizing their imaginary” (Latouche 2011), namely of questioning capitalist consumerism and develop ethical consumption practices.:Contents List of Abbreviations 11 Figures / Maps / Images 13 Tables 15 1 Introduction 17 1.1 AIMS AND MOTIVATION 17 1.2 THE RELEVANCE OF THE RESEARCH 20 1.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 21 2 Theorising peripheralisation and local development 23 2.1 PERIPHERALISATION, A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL, SELF-REINFORCING PROCESS 23 2.1.1 Dimensions of peripheralisation 23 2.1.2 Advanced peripheralisation 28 2.2 SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT 29 2.2.1 Economic dimension 30 2.2.2 Social dimension: autonomy and empowerment 31 2.2.3 Environmental dimension 36 2.3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS 38 3 Contexts: social and solidarity economy in the context of peripheralisation 41 3.1 PERIPHERALISATION 41 3.1.1 Post-socialist transformation, a historical overview of periheralisation 41 3.1.2 Multi-dimensional peripheralisation in East Germany and Hungary 44 3.1.3 The relational aspect of peripheralisation 48 3.1.4 Advanced peripheralisation, a Hungarian (semi-peripheral) reality 50 3.2 SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY IN CEE 51 3.2.1 Informal social and solidarity economy 52 3.2.2 Institutionalised social and solidarity economy 54 4 Methodology 59 4.1 TOWARDS A CRITICAL REALIST ETHNOGRAPHY 59 4.1.1 The scope of postmodern reflexive ethnography 60 4.1.2 Critical realism 61 4.1.3 Critical realist ethnography 62 4.2 CASE SELECTION AND COMPARATIVE PROCEEDING 63 Stage 1: Selecting areas undergoing peripheralisation 63 Stage 2: Identifying rural social enterprises 66 4.3 DATA COLLECTION 68 4.3.1 Interviews 69 4.3.2 Participant observation 72 4.3.3 Documents 76 4.4 POTENTIAL AND LIMITATIONS OF THE METHODOLOGY 77 4.4.1 Positivist critiques of the ethnographic approach 77 4.4.2 Anti-realist and postmodern critiques of ethnography 78 4.4.3 Critical realism and political engagement 79 4.4.4 Data analysis and reflections on the field experiences 81 5 Peripheralisation and the local scale 83 5.1 PERIPHERALISATION: THE LOCALITY AND THE CASE STUDY PROFILES 83 5.2 PERCEPTIONS AND RESPONSES TO PERIPHERIALITY IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS 91 5.2.1 Surviving advanced peripheralisation 91 5.2.2 Uneven access to education 92 5.2.3 Counter-cultural migration 93 5.3 THE MAIN CHALLENGES AND MISSION OF THE CASE STUDY SOCIAL ENTERPRISES 95 6 The interplay between autonomy and local resource-mix strategies 99 6.1 ORGANISATIONAL AUTONOMY AND ACCESS TO FUNDING 99 6.2 MARKET-BASED RESOURCES: EARNED INCOME 102 6.3 NON-MARKET RESOURCES: GRANTS AND SUBSIDIES 106 6.3.1 International governmental funding 106 6.3.2 National governmental funding 114 6.3.3 Non-governmental funding 119 6.4 NON-MONETARY RESOURCES: THE CAPACITIES OF THE LOCAL COMMUNITY 120 7 Empowerment capacity of the case study initiatives 123 7.1 DECISION-MAKING STRUCTURES 123 7.1.1 Representative decision-making structures 124 7.1.2 Participative decision-making structures 127 7.2 EMPOWERMENT OF ROMA (WOMEN) 131 7.2.1 The empowerment capacity of rural social enterprises: a perspective of the Roma 132 7.2.2 A gendered aspect: the empowerment of Roma women 137 8 Environmental considerations 143 8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS ON THE LOCAL LEVEL 143 8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS ON THE ORGANISATIONAL LEVEL 145 9 Summary and conclusions 149 9.1 LIMITATIONS AND POTENTIALS OF THE METHODOLOGY 149 9.2 THEORETICAL IMPLICATIONS: THE CAPACITY OF SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY IN COUNTERACTING PERIPHERALISATION 150 9.2.1 Economic considerations: autonomy and local resource-mix strategies 150 9.2.2 Social considerations: Autonomy and Empowerment 153 9.2.3 Environmental considerations: environmental consciousness and environmental impact 156 9.3 POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL ECONOMY POLICIES 156 10 References 159 10.1 GENERAL WORKS 159 10.2 DATABASES, RELATED MATERIALS 172 10.3 MEDIA SOURCES 172 10.4 WEBPAGES 173 10.5 LEGAL REFERENCES 174 Annex 1 Expert sampling sheet (hu) 175 Annex 2 Information sheet (hu) 177 Annex 3 Information sheet (de) 179 Annex 4 Consent form (hu) 181 Annex 5 Consent form (de) 183 Annex 6 Expert interviews 185 Annex 7 Case study interviews 187 Annex 8 Participant observation 189 Annex 9 Anonymised data sources 193

[ES] Las organizaciones no son espacios neutrales al género y, por tanto, están reproduciendo múltiples desigualdades y procesos generizantes. Así, el género es entendido dentro de un sistema complejo de opresiones entrecruzadas que da forma a la norma y hegemonía socioeconómica, y que está presente, también, en las organizaciones de Economía Solidaria. Esta investigación se fundamenta en la Economía Feminista, las Teorías Feministas de la Organización y las teorías de Género en el Desarrollo para analizar dos procesos de cambio organizacional feminista en la Red de Economía Alternativa y Solidaria (REAS) del País Valencià y de Euskadi. A través del estudio de casos interpretativos con una metodología de investigación-acción feminista, se analizan los cambios que los procesos de transformación organizacional feminista generan en las entidades, así como los factores que impulsan o limitan esta transformación. Esta tesis contribuye al impulso de procesos de cambio organizacional feminista y a la construcción de conocimiento y propuestas de economía feminista. Además, aporta claves para la construcción de organizaciones habitables. / [CA] Les organitzacions no són espais neutrals al gènere i, per tant, estan reproduint múltiples desigualtats i processos generitzants. El gènere s'entén dins d'un sistema complex d'opressions entrecreuades que dona forma a la norma i hegemonia socioeconòmica, i que està present, també, en les organitzacions d'Economia Solidària. Aquesta investigació es fonamenta en l'Economia Feminista, les Teories Feministes de l'Organització i les teories de Gènere en el Desenvolupament per tal d'analitzar dos processos de canvi organitzacional feminista en la Xarxa d'Economia Alternativa i Solidària del País Valencià i d'Euskadi. A través de l'estudi de casos interpretatius amb una metodologia d'investigació-acció feminista, s'analitzen els canvis que els processos de transformació organitzacional feminista generen en les entitats, així com els factors que impulsen o limiten aquesta transformació. Aquesta tesi contribueix a l'impuls de processos de canvi organitzacional feminista i a la construcció de coneixement i propostes d'economia feminista. A més, aporta claus per a la construcció d'organitzacions habitables. / [EN] Organizations are not gender-neutral spaces and, therefore, are reproducing multiple inequalities and generating processes. In this research, gender is understood within a complex system of intersecting oppressions that shapes the norm and socioeconomic hegemony, and so, it also interacts within the Solidarity Economy organizations. This research is based on Feminist Economics, Feminist Theories of Organization and Gender in Development theories to analyze two processes of feminist organizational change in the Alternative and Solidarity Economy Network (REAS) in Spain, in Valencian region and Euskadi. Through the study of interpretative cases with a feminist action research methodology, we analyze the changes that the processes of feminist organizational transformation generate in the organizations, as well as the factors that boost or limit this change. This thesis contributes to the promotion of processes of feminist organizational change and the construction of knowledge and proposals of feminist economics. In addition, it provides keys for the construction of livable organizations. / Maicas Pérez, M. (2023). Cap a organitzacions habitables. Anàlisi de processos de canvi organitzacional feminista en organitzacions d'Economia Solidària [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/194807

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:26:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO DE MESTRADO - GIZELA GOTUZZO - 10 DEZ 09.pdf: 1007305 bytes, checksum: 7138b61eda2716363b0ff829c2379356 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-07 / This paper analyzes the role performed by the Regional Association of Agroecological Producers of the Southern Region (ARPA-SUL) and also by the South Ecological Cooperative of Familiar Agriculturists Ltd., organizations of solidarity economy of familiar agroecological agriculturists, in the promotion of the sustainability of this segment in the region of Pelotas The associated agroecological agriculturists establish an important level of dependence on these organizations, since, by allowing the activity of ecological basis production of those, they are enabled to absence themselves of living in a situation of social vulnerability as well as benefit both economically and socially. Therefore, such organizations of solidarity economy, present themselves as a means for the agroecological agriculturists of the region of Pelotas have access to the market and to the social policies promoted by the State, besides, through self management work, practice the right to citizenship / Esta dissertação analisa o papel desempenhado pela Associação Regional de Produtores Agroecologistas da Região Sul (ARPA-SUL) e também pela Cooperativa Sul Ecológica de Agricultores Familiares Ltda, organizações estas de economia solidária de agricultores familiares agroecológicos, na promoção da sustentabilidade deste segmento na região de Pelotas. Os agricultores agroecológicos associados estabelecem importante grau de dependência a estas organizações, uma vez que, ao viabilizarem a atividade de produção de base ecológica daqueles, possibilitam absterem-se de viver em situação de vulnerabilidade social bem como beneficiarem-se econômico e socialmente. Assim sendo, tais organizações de economia solidária, se apresentam como o meio de os agricultores agroecológicos da região de Pelotas ter acesso ao mercado e às políticas sociais promovidas pelo Estado, além de, mediante o trabalho autogestionário, exercerem o direito à cidadania

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-05-24T12:56:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Robinson Henrique Scholz_.pdf: 1135624 bytes, checksum: 7351c6a2239b36d67332b36906e294d7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-24T12:57:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Robinson Henrique Scholz_.pdf: 1135624 bytes, checksum: 7351c6a2239b36d67332b36906e294d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-15 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O esforço analítico em foco na tese é o processo de desenvolvimento da estratégia como prática, bem como o fenômeno da liderança solidária compartilhada, no contexto da economia solidária. Assim, esta tese tem como objetivo central analisar a estratégia como prática e a sua relação com a liderança solidária compartilhada desempenhada entre os sujeitos dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários, associados a uma central de cooperativas atuante no campo da reciclagem de resíduos sólidos urbanos. O método é orientado pela perspectiva etnográfica, objetivando a descrição densa dos dados coletados por meio de 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas com os coordenadores da central, 48 diários de campo realizados por meio da observação participante e análise do corpus documental de 27 documentos coletados. O período de realização da pesquisa foi de março de 2013 a julho de 2015. Os resultados apontam para um sistema complexo de relações sociais implicados pelos conflitos internos e externos ao grupo e que materializam processos de busca por consensos. Esses processos acontecem no espaço gerencial da central, permitindo que a estratégia como prática ocorra e contribua com o desenvolvimento da liderança solidária compartilhada, descentralizando as atividades e projetando o alcance dos resultados do empreendimento. / The analytical effort focused on the thesis is the process of developing strategy as a practice, as well as the phenomenon of shared solidarity leadership, in the context of solidarity economy. Thus, this thesis aims to analyze the strategy as a practice and its relationship with shared solidarity leadership developed among the subjects of solidarity economic enterprises associated to a cooperative center, which acts in the field of urban solid waste recycling. The method is guided by the ethnographic perspective, aiming at describing the data collected through 15 semi-structured interviews with the coordinators of the center, 48 field research journals made through participant observation and the documentary corpus analysis of 27 collected documents. The research period was from March 2013 to July 2015. The results point to a complex system of social relations implied by the group’s internal and external conflicts that materialize processes of search for consensuses. These processes take place in the central management space, allowing the strategy as a practice to occur and contributing to the development of shared solidarity leadership, decentralizing the activities and projecting the achievement of the results of the enterprise.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-03-16T16:56:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciane Rocha Ferreira_.pdf: 4806009 bytes, checksum: a948f1f3bab6fdaa12db88c6fe2f9f20 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-16T16:56:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciane Rocha Ferreira_.pdf: 4806009 bytes, checksum: a948f1f3bab6fdaa12db88c6fe2f9f20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-17 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente Tese tem como tema o fenômeno educativo que acontece no universo do Movimento Social da Economia Popular Solidária. A investigação aconteceu em duas experiências de educação, nascidas de projetos de política pública, regidos por editais financiados pela SENAES: a segunda versão do Centro de Formação e Assessoria Técnica em Economia Solidária (CFES Regional Sul/2013-2017) e o Projeto Municipal de Ações Integradas de Economia Solidária de São Leopoldo/RS (2013/2016). O objetivo principal foi investigar os sentidos e significados – individuais e coletivos - atribuídos pelas pessoas que participaram dos processos educativos, bem como perceber neles possibilidades e limites para a construção/consolidação de uma política pública de educação e assessoria técnica em Economia Solidária. Nas entrelinhas desta (re)leitura compreensiva, intencionou-se perceber como o processo pedagógico aconteceu por meio das práticas de participação, do diálogo, verificando de que modo as experiências de vida contribuem para uma possível conscientização e libertação das pessoas envolvidas. O referencial teórico teve por base a fenomenologia desde Merleau-Ponty, em sintonia com a Educação Popular em Paulo Freire e com a Sistematização das Experiências conforme Oscar Jara e Danilo Streck e Telmo Adams. Valorizamos também dimensões teóricas das epistemologias (des)coloniais com base em Frantz Fanon, Catherine Walsh, Walter Mignolo, Fernanda F. Bragato, e feministas que colaboram para ampliar as reflexões tecidas na pesquisa. Entre os resultados, destaca-se: o potencial do conceito de sororidade como mediação pedagógica entre as mulheres; as epistemologias do cotidiano feminino como base existencial da produção de sentidos, significados e saberes libertadores de si; a (re)significação de conceitos e práticas fundamentais à vivência da educação em Economia Solidária como estratégia de fortalecimento da política; o desafio de viver a educação solidária como princípio educativo da formação/educação em Economia Popular Solidária; a resignificação dos sentidos e práticas da participação e do diálogo como instrumentos da autogestão possível. / The present thesis has as its theme the educational phenomenon that happens in the universe of the Social Movement of the Popular Solidarity Economy. The research took place in two educational experiences, born of public policy projects, governed financed by SENAES: the second version of the Centro de Formação e Assessoria Técnica em Economia Solidária (CFES Regional Sul/ 2013-2017) and the Municipal Project of Integrated Actions of Solidarity Economy of São Leopoldo/RS (2013/2016). The main objective of this study is to investigate the meanings - individual and collective - attributed by the people who participated in the educational processes, as well as perceive in them possibilities and limits for the construction/consolidation of a public policy of education and technical advice in Solidary Economy. Between the lines of this comprehensive (re)reading, it was intended to identify how the pedagogical process happened through the practices of participation and dialogue, verifying how the life experiences contribute to a possible awareness and liberation of the people involved. The theoretical reference was based on the Phenomenological view from Merleau-Ponty, in line with Popular Education in Paulo Freire and with the Systematization of Experiences according to Oscar Jara and Danilo Streck e Telmo Adams. The theoretical dimensions of the (de)colonial epistemologies according to Frantz Fanon, Catherine Walsh, Walter Mignolo, Danilo Streck and Telmo Adams, Fernanda F. Bragato and feminists collaborate to broaden the reflections in the research. Among the results, we highlight: the potential of sorority as pedagogical mediation among women; the epistemologies of the daily feminine as existential basis of the production of senses, meanings and knowledge liberating oneself; the (re)signification of concepts and practices that are fundamental to the experience of education in Solidary Economy as a policy strengthening strategy; the challenge of living solidarity education as an educational principle of training/education in Solidary Popular Economy; the re-signification of the meanings and practices of participation and dialogue as pedagogical instruments of self-management possible.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-06-29T19:49:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliene Gomes dos Anjos.pdf: 1947147 bytes, checksum: 48ae9a7d1b39fecc8844d11eb386f350 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-29T19:49:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliene Gomes dos Anjos.pdf: 1947147 bytes, checksum: 48ae9a7d1b39fecc8844d11eb386f350 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-18 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste estudo, investigamos as cooperativas de trabalho da economia solidária. Objetivamos examinar as relações de trabalho e o sentido que esse adquire, para avaliar em que medida e baseados em quais condições as práticas e sentidos representam avanços efetivos para a emancipação dos(as) trabalhadores(as). Para tanto, nos utilizamos da pesquisa quantitativa, com dados do Primeiro Mapeamento Nacional dos Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários, realizado entre 2005 e 2007; e da pesquisa qualitativa, com a observação direta nos circuitos da economia solidária e quatro estudos de caso. Com base no subconjunto da base de dados, formado somente pelas cooperativas que declararam ter sócios(as) trabalhando no empreendimento e que realizavam a produção ou a prestação de serviços no coletivo, dispusemos de um banco com 1.257 cooperativas para análise. Essa etapa da investigação demonstrou que essas cooperativas enfrentam inúmeras dificuldades para alcançar um desempenho econômico que assegure os direitos sociais, limitando-se, a maioria delas, a remunerarem os/as trabalhadores(as) por produtividade ou horas trabalhadas. Por outro lado, constatamos que as cooperativas ampliaram a participação política dos(as) trabalhadores(as) ao se inserirem nos espaços de reivindicação política da economia solidária e com as demandas em seu entorno. Já a pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em Salvador e em eventos da economia solidária, referendou o quadro descrito com os dados estatísticos, contribuindo para demonstrar que as pessoas que estão nestas experiências são, em sua maioria, mulheres, negras(os), trabalhadores(as) com baixa ou nenhuma qualificação profissional. Em outros termos, verificamos que os/as trabalhadores(as) associados(as) são oriundos de segmentos que historicamente vivenciam processos de exclusão, inseridos(as) em ocupações informais. Nesse contexto, as cooperativas de trabalho da economia solidária propiciam uma situação contraditória. Ao mesmo tempo em que o trabalho associado assume um sentido emancipatório ? uma vez que os/as trabalhadores(as) participam das tomadas de decisão, gestionam coletivamente o empreendimento e se apropriam dos seus resultados ?, também impele à intensificação desse trabalho, caracterizado pela instabilidade, aproximando-se, dessa forma, do trabalho precário. Não obstante, os segmentos que dispõem sua força de trabalho nessas cooperativas conseguiram avanços nas condições de trabalho, se comparadas às formas laborais praticadas anteriormente. No que se refere aos direitos sociais, essas cooperativas ainda têm um longo percurso, pois não conseguiram viabilidade econômica que pudesse assegurar-lhes a sobrevivência. Logo, se impõe a necessidade de uma nova regulação para que esses segmentos não continuem inseridos no trabalho precário e apartados da proteção social, situação essa que persiste nos percursos ocupacionais daqueles(as) que hoje se utilizam da autogestão para garantirem sua reprodução. / In the present study, we investigated the labor cooperatives of solidarity economy. The aim of the sudy was to examine the labor relations and the meaning that labor takes, in order to assess to what extent and under what conditions the practices and meanings represent effective advances toward workers emancipation. To that end, we relied on quantitative research with data from the first nationwide mapping of solidarity economy enterprises, conducted between 2005 and 2007, and on qualitative research based on direct observation in the circles of solidarity economy, as well as four case studies. From the database subset consisting exclusively of cooperatives that claimed to have members working in the enterprise and to undertake collective production or rendering of services, we had data of 1257 cooperatives available for analysis. This step of the investigation revealed that those cooperatives face countless hardships to achieve such economic performance as to guarantee the workers social rights, and are limited, in most cases, to paying their workers on the basis of productivity or hours worked. On the other hand, we found that the cooperatives have widened the political participation of workers as they have been included in the spaces of political claims of solidarity economy and the demands surrounding it. The qualitative research, conducted in Salvador and during solidarity economy events, corroborated the picture drawn by the statistical data, thus contributing to demonstrate that the people involved in those experiences are mostly women, black individuals, workers with no or low professional qualification. In other words, we found that the associated workers come from segments of the population that have historically experienced processes of exclusion and were involved in informal occupations. In that context, solidarity economy labor cooperatives create a contradictory instance. While associated labor carries a sense of emancipation, since the workers take part in the decision-making process, manage the enterprises collectively and share their outcomes, it also promotes the intensification of that form of labor, which is marked by instability ? thus resembling precarious work. Nevertheless, the segments that contribute their workforce to those cooperatives accomplished advances in working conditions when compared with the forms of labor formerly exercised. As far as social rights are concerned, those cooperatives still have a long way to go, since they have not achieved economic viability to assure those rights. Therefore, the need for a new regulation is imperative in order to prevent precarious work and alienation from social protection ? a situation often encountered in the occupational paths of those who currently resort to selfmanagement to ensure their reproduction.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:30:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria das Gracas de Lima.pdf: 1397021 bytes, checksum: 89dba0e4fd291474abceb1b1c221677b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The current research substantiated by the Socio-Historical Psychology sought to capture the subjective dimension of work relations from the current experiences of solidarity economy in the urban context of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. We tried to identify the extent to which elements of the subjective dimension (senses and meanings, needs and motives) boost and strengthen or undermine and withhold the development and consolidation of the Economic Solidarity Enterprises (SEEs). This Research in Socio-Historical perspective considers the individual and society, subjectivity and objectivity without dichotomies, such as parts of a whole, which interact dialectically constituting and being constituted both procedurally, in constant motion processing. Consistent with this approach this research is characterized as a qualitative research is the methodology to investigate and analyze the human and social phenomena in its dynamic process. The procedures and instruments for data collection sought to contextualize the social, economic, historical and cultural realities of the respondents surveyed and the ESS as well as enabling an analysis of subjective aspects through the free expression of the research participants, in which the main instrument used were open individual or collective interviews according to the availability of research subjects. The term "Subjective Dimension of Reality," coined by Furtado (2002) seeks to explicit that reality is constituted by the set of social and historical realities in its objective basis (economic and physical) and subjective bases (production values), from the dialectic established between subjectivity and objectivity. The subjective dimension of reality takes shape as a synthesis between the objective conditions and reveals how the subjects interpret the reality to which they are and this way of interpreting reality is also constitutive of reality and is inscribed in culture field. The data analysis confirmed the initial hypothesis that the elements that constitute the subjective dimension of reality can both stimulate and strenght as well as undermine and delay the development and consolidation of the ESS / A presente pesquisa fundamentada pela Psicologia Sócio-Histórica buscou apreender a dimensão subjetiva das relações de trabalho a partir das experiências atuais da economia solidária no contexto urbano da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Buscou-se identificar em que medida elementos constitutivos da dimensão subjetiva (sentidos e significados, necessidades e motivos) impulsionam e fortalecem ou prejudicam e impedem o desenvolvimento e consolidação dos Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários (EES). A pesquisa na perspectiva Sócio-Histórica considera indivíduo e sociedade, subjetividade e objetividade sem dicotomias, como partes de um todo, que interagem dialeticamente constituindo e sendo constituídas simultaneamente de forma processual, em constante movimento de transformação. Coerente com esta abordagem esta pesquisa se caracteriza como uma pesquisa qualitativa que é a metodologia que permite investigar e analisar os fenômenos humanos e sociais em seu processo dinâmico. Os procedimentos e instrumentos para coleta de dados buscaram contextualizar a realidade social, econômica, histórica e cultural dos entrevistados e dos EES pesquisados bem como possibilitar uma análise de aspectos subjetivos através da livre expressão dos participantes da pesquisa, para tanto o principal instrumento utilizado foram entrevistas abertas individuais ou coletivas de acordo com a disponibilidade dos sujeitos da pesquisa. O termo Dimensão Subjetiva da Realidade , cunhado por Furtado (2002) busca explicitar que a realidade é constituída pelo conjunto de relações sociais e históricas, em suas bases objetivas (econômica e materiais) e em suas bases subjetivas (produção de valores), a partir da dialética que se estabelece entre subjetividade e objetividade. A dimensão subjetiva da realidade se configura como uma síntese entre as condições objetivas e se revela pela forma como os sujeitos interpretam a realidade a qual estão inseridos e esta forma de interpretar a realidade também é constitutiva da realidade, e se inscreve no campo da cultura. A análise dos dados corroborou a hipótese inicial de que os elementos que constituem a dimensão subjetiva da realidade podem tanto impulsionar e fortalecer quanto prejudicar e impedir o desenvolvimento e consolidação dos EES

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vera Suzart Barbosa.pdf: 1117162 bytes, checksum: ba75561fd4bcbc2274fc81a58665173e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-20 / The propose of this dissertation is to study two economical solidarity enterprises in Campinas SP: Cooperativa de Reciclagem Tatuapé and the Estandarte de Artesanato Institution. The main objective was to analyze the experience of this two economical solidarity enterprise as a possibility of job and revenue production in order to reach a social inclusion. The work conception, social Exclusion/Inclusion and solidarity economy was adopted as a basic reference using Economy, Sociology, Social Psychology and Social Service in the classic and contemporary authors. As a hypothesis the two economical solidarity enterprises have already studied mean for their participants a possibility to generate job and revenue, it opens the social inclusion that has been constructed in different reach ways and steps. Methodologically the research discuss about a qualitative approach including bibliography, documents, field research and observation. The interview was made with six people from the research, four were from Cooperativa Tatuapé and two were from Grupo Estandarte. The result of this research could affirm the hypothesis considering the particularity of each enterprise, the experience means to the participants a possibility to generate work and revenue in a social inclusion that has been constructed in different steps of citizenship / A presente dissertação tem por objeto o estudo de dois Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários no Município de Campinas/SP: a Cooperativa de Reciclagem Tatuapé e o Grupo Estandarte de Artesanato. O objetivo geral visou analisar as experiências desses dois empreendimentos econômicos solidários enquanto uma possibilidade de geração de trabalho e renda na perspectiva de inclusão social. Adotamos como referências básicas os conceitos de Trabalho Exclusão/Inclusão social e economia solidária, em autores de Economia, Sociologia, Psicologia Social e Serviço Social, clássicos e contemporâneos. Definiu-se como hipótese que os dois Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários estudados significam, para seus participantes, uma possibilidade de geração de trabalho e renda na dimensão da inclusão social, ainda em construção, em estágios diferentes de abrangências de cidadania. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa fundamenta-se em uma abordagem qualitativa englobando levantamento bibliográfico, documental, pesquisa de campo e observação. Foi utilizada a entrevista semi-estruturada com seis sujeitos da pesquisa, sendo quatro da cooperativa Tatuapé e dois do Grupo Estandarte. Os resultados da pesquisa confirmaram a hipótese considerando as peculiaridades de cada empreendimento, isto é as experiências significam para os entrevistados uma possibilidade de geração de trabalho e renda na perspectiva da inclusão social ainda em construção e em estágios diferenciados de abrangência de cidadania