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Exploring problems encountered in the teaching and learning of statistics in grade 11Makwakwa, Eva 12 1900 (has links)
The purpose of the study was to explore problems encountered in the teaching and learning of statistics in grade 11 and to offer ways of addressing them. A convenient sample of 100 grade 11 mathematics teachers and 448 grade 11 mathematics learners participated in the study. A descriptive survey design was used. Data were collected from the teachers using a teacher questionnaire, classroom observation schedule and teacher interview, and from learners through the use of a learner questionnaire, classroom observation schedule, diagnostic test and learner interview. The validity and reliability of all these instruments was established. Descriptive statistics and frequencies were used to analyse learner questionnaires, teacher questionnaires and learners‟ responses to a diagnostic test. Teacher and learner interviews were transcribed and classified according to themes. Classroom observations were analysed by using themes and checking for similarities and differences.
The results showed that teachers had difficulty with the interpretation and calculation of measures of dispersion; representation and interpretation of data on graphs or plots; determining the five number summary; constructing and interpreting probability diagrams and tables; and interpreting probability terminology. Also, the results showed that learners experienced difficulties when using graphs to predict the results; interpreting and determining measures of dispersion; computation of quartiles when the total number of data values was even; representing data on graphs or plots; interpreting and determining measures of central tendency; constructing and interpreting probability graphs and tables; and interpreting probability terminology.
The results found possible causes of the teachers‟ difficulties to be (1) their lack of statistics content knowledge; (2) inadequate textbooks; (3) in-service programmes which did not cover statistical topics, or which did not pay adequate attention to probability; and (4) teachers failure to attend these in-service teacher workshops.
Further, the findings of the study were that the probable causes of learners‟ difficulties were (1) inadequate teaching of statistics topics in previous grades; (2) teachers‟ lack of content knowledge in statistics meant they had difficulty explaining concepts to learners; (3) inadequate learning material and learners‟ inability to use the statistics function mode on their calculators; and (4) learners‟ lack of conceptual knowledge of certain aspects of statistics.
Lastly, the results of the study found that the possible ways to address the problems in the teaching and learning of statistics in grade 11 to be: (1) teachers should receive financial support from their schools/districts to attend in-service education and training programmes; (2) textbooks should be well written (provide thorough explanations) and contain all the information necessary to teach data handling and probability (i.e. formulae, more examples); (3) in-service teacher programmes should meet the needs of the teachers by offering topics that teachers find difficult to teach; and (4) more and longer inset programmes on probability, preferably five-day workshops, should be arranged. / Mathematics Education / M. Sc. (Mathematics, Science and Technology Education)
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An exploratory study of the effectiveness of computer graphic and simulations in a computer-student interactive environment in illustrating random sampling and the central limit theoremUnknown Date (has links)
"The purposes of this study were: (1) to investigate the effectiveness of the computer-student interactive method in presenting statistical concepts and in instructing students in the applications of these concepts, and (2) to develop instruments that test for the understanding of these concepts and the mastery of these application skills"--Abstract. / Typescript. / "Spring Semester, 1990." / "Submitted to the Department of Curriculum and Instruction in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." / Advisor: E. T. Denmark, Professor Directing Dissertation. / Includes bibliographical references.
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Colaboração em ambientes virtuais e presenciais: um estudo sobre aprendizagem de Estatística no Ensino MédioMazzanti, James Ernesto 22 March 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-03-22 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo - SEE / The present work, based on a qualitative research, seeks to understand if the learning of Descriptive Statistics issues in a group of high school students can be efficient if carried out through a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) and face-to-face interactions in a convergence approach. In addition, it seeks to establish if a collaborative approach, mediated by the convergence between virtual and classroom interactions, is efficient in promoting the learning of Descriptive Statistics topics among high school students, subjects of this research. The data related to this study were collected from the use of an VLE (Moodle) and the follow-up of face-to-face interactions between the subjects, who participated voluntarily in a Descriptive Statistics course and worked with activities planned to promote collaboration and encourage autonomy. Thus, in order to base this work, we have brought references in three main areas, VLE, Collaborative Learning and Statistical Education, some of which stand out, Pallof and Pratt, Kenski, Lévy, Borba, Oliveira, Torres, Batanero; Campos; Cazorla; Coutinho; Lopes. From the analyzes, carried out in the descriptive and interpretive perspective, it was verified that the convergence took place and constituted a learning context, the adopted approach seems to have been efficient in giving the subjects a more critical view and showed that it can be Efficient in relation to the promotion of elements that lead to autonomy and finally the students formed the basis for living in a Virtual Community and that characteristics like self-regulation, autonomy, collaboration and collective construction of the knowledge were observed, representing important contributions to fulfill the objectives sought in this investigation / O presente trabalho, baseado em uma investigação de caráter qualitativo, busca compreender se a aprendizagem de elementos de Estatística Descritiva por um grupo de alunos do Ensino Médio (EM) pode se mostrar eficiente se levada a efeito por meio de um Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) e de interações presenciais, em regime de convergência. Além disso, busca estabelecer se uma abordagem colaborativa, mediada pela convergência entre o virtual e o presencial, é eficiente em promover a aprendizagem de tópicos de Estatística Descritiva entre alunos do Ensino Médio, sujeitos da pesquisa. Os dados relativos a este estudo foram coletados a partir do uso do AVA Moodle e do acompanhamento de interações presenciais entre os alunos da rede estadual paulista, os quais participaram voluntariamente de um curso de Estatística Descritiva e trabalharam com atividades planejadas para promover a colaboração e incentivar a autonomia. Assim, para fundamentarmos este trabalho trouxemos refernciais em três áreas principais, AVA, Aprendizagem Colaborativa e Educação Estatística, sendo alguns que se destacam, Pallof e Pratt, Kenski, Lévy, Borba, Oliveira, Torres, Batanero; Campos; Cazorla; Coutinho; Lopes. A partir das análises, realizadas na perspectiva descritiva e interpretativa, constatou-se que a convergência tivesse lugar e constituísse um contexto de aprendizagem, a abordagem adotada parece ter sido eficiente no sentido de dotar os sujeitos de uma visão mais crítica e mostrou que pode ser eficiente em relação à promoção de elementos que levem à autonomia e finalmente os estudantes formaram as bases para a vivência em uma Comunidade Virtual de Aprendizagem com características como autorregulação, autonomia, colaboração e construção coletiva do conhecimento, representando importantes aportes para o cumprimento dos objetivos pretendidos nesta investigação
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Estudo da aprendizagem sobre variabilidade estatística: uma experiência de formação com futuros professores dos anos iniciais da Educação BásicaSilva, Marcílio Farias da 27 September 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-09-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Future teachers of Statistics in the early years of Basic Education, pursuing a teaching degree in Pedagogy at higher education institution in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, have exhibited difficulties in the conceptual understanding of statistical contents that are crucial to the development of statistical literacy, including difficulties in the perception of variability. The purpose of this investigation was to identify and characterize evidence of statistical knowledge elements that constitute the statistical literacy of future Statistics teachers currently pursuing a degree in Pedagogy in Brazil. Evidence was identified by analyzing concept maps and the resolution of activities during a workshop on statistical variability designed for these students. The theoretical framework for the investigation comprised statistical studies focusing on variability and the construction of statistical literacy. The progress achieved by participating in the workshop was evaluated in terms of levels of literacy (as defined by Iddo Gal), as well as types of mobilization and levels of knowledge functioning (as per Aline Robert) and concept maps (as proposed by Joseph Novak). Twelve students aged 21 to 57 completed the workshop, six of whom were attending the 3rd year of a Pedagogy program (and had already attended a Statistics course) and six the 2nd year (who had not attended the Statistics course). None had previous contact with contents involving dispersion measures, such as amplitude, interquartile range, or mean deviation. The workshop comprised five sessions focusing on basic concepts of Statistics, including classification of variables and concepts of mean, median, mean deviation, amplitude, and quartiles, supplemented with exercises to highlight the various measures of variation and explore the concept of variability using dot plots. Indicators of development of basic notions of statistical content that make up statistical literacy (as per Gal) were identified—namely, variation reasoning combined with the concept of mean and comprehension of statistical terms, particularly mean, quartiles, and deviation, viewed as tools for perceiving data variation and obtaining a result. An element of mathematical knowledge was found to pose an obstacle to the development of statistical literacy (as per Gal): the use of numerical scales in the construction of boxplots. The analysis showed that the level of statistical content knowledge exhibited by these future teachers is currently in development and has not attained the cultural level of statistical literacy (as defined by Gal), despite evidence of experience with elements pertaining to statistical knowledge / Futuros professores de Estatística dos anos iniciais da Educação Básica, de um curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia de uma instituição de Ensino Superior do estado de São Paulo, têm apresentado dificuldades na compreensão conceitual de conteúdos estatísticos fundamentais ao desenvolvimento do letramento estatístico, incluindo dificuldades na percepção da variabilidade. Esta pesquisa visou identificar e caracterizar, em alunos de um curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia, indícios dos conhecimentos estatísticos que compõem o letramento estatístico desses futuros professores de Estatística. Tais indícios foram identificados analisando-se mapas conceituais e a resolução de atividades ministradas em uma oficina sobre variabilidade estatística desenvolvida especificamente para esses alunos. Os referenciais teóricos que guiaram a pesquisa foram estudos estatísticos com foco na variabilidade e na construção do letramento estatístico. O progresso alcançado com a participação na oficina foi avaliado considerando os níveis de letramento definidos por Iddo Gal, bem como os tipos de mobilização e níveis de funcionamento dos conhecimentos definidos por Aline Robert e os mapas conceituais propostos por Joseph Novak. Finalizaram a oficina 12 alunos com idades de 21 a 57 anos, seis dos quais frequentavam o 3.º ano de Pedagogia (e já haviam cursado a disciplina ‘Estatística’) e seis do 2.º ano (que não a haviam cursado). Nenhum tivera contato com conteúdos que incluíssem medidas de dispersão, tais como amplitude, intervalo interquartílico e desvio médio. A oficina compôs-se de cinco encontros que focalizaram conceitos básicos de Estatística, incluindo classificação de variáveis e conceitos de média, mediana, desvio médio, amplitude e quartis, complementados com exercícios, de modo a salientar as diversas medidas de variação e explorar o conceito de variabilidade em gráficos de pontos. Identificaram-se indícios de desenvolvimento de noções básicas de conteúdo estatístico que compõem o letramento estatístico (segundo Gal), nos quais se destacaram: raciocínio de variação articulado ao conceito de média e compreensão de termos estatísticos, ressaltando-se os de média, mediana, quartis e desvios como ferramentas de percepção de variação dos dados, as quais ajudam a obter o resultado. Constatou-se como obstáculo ao desenvolvimento do letramento estatístico, sob a ótica de Gal, um elemento do conhecimento matemático: o uso de escala numérica na construção de box-plots. A análise mostrou que o nível de conhecimento de conteúdo estatístico apresentado por esses futuros professores encontra-se em desenvolvimento, não atingindo o nível cultural de letramento estatístico, como definido por Gal, embora revelando indícios de vivência com elementos pertinentes ao conhecimento estatístico
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Investigating Statistics Teachers' Knowledge of Probability in the Context of Hypothesis TestingDolor, Jason Mark Asis 05 October 2017 (has links)
In the last three decades, there has been a significant growth in the number of undergraduate students taking introductory statistics. As a result, there is a need by universities and community colleges to find well-qualified instructors and graduate teaching assistants to teach the growing number of statistics courses. Unfortunately, research has shown that even teachers of introductory statistics struggle with concepts they are employed to teach. The data presented in this research sheds light on the statistical knowledge of graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) and community college instructors (CCIs) in the realm of probability by analyzing their work on surveys and task-based interviews on the p-value. This research could be useful for informing professional development programs to better support present and future teachers of statistics.
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Types and levels of data arrangement and representation in statistics as modeled by grade 4 - 7 learnersWessels, Helena Margaretha 28 February 2006 (has links)
The crucial role of representation in mathematical and statistical modeling and problem solving as evident in learners' arrangement and representation of statistical data were investigated with focus points data arrangement, data representation and statistical thinking levels. The representation tasks required learners to arrange and represent data through modeling, focusing on spontaneous representations. Successful transnumeration determine the ultimate success of a representation and the ability to organise data is regarded as critical. Arrangement types increased in sophistication with increased grade level and the hierarchical nature of arrangement types became apparent when regarded in the context of an adapted SOLO Taxonomy framework. A higher level arrangement strategy pointed to a higher SOLO level of statistical thinking. Learners in the two tasks produced a rich variety of representations which included idiosyncratic, unsophisticated responses as well as standard statistical representations. The context of the two tasks, the quantitative versus qualitative nature of the data in the tasks, and the statistical tools or representational skills learners have at their disposal, played an important role in their representations. Well-planned data handling activities develop representational and higher order thinking skills. The variety of responses and different response levels elicited in the two tasks indicate that the nature of the tasks rather than the size of the data set play a conclusive role in data tasks. Multiple representations by an individual were an indication of successful modeling, are effective in problem solving and are associated with good performance. The SOLO model which incorporates a structural approach as well as a multimodal component proved valuable in the analysis of responses. Using this model with accompanying acknowledgement of different problem solving paths and the contribution of ikonic support in the concrete symbolic mode, promote the in-depth analysis of responses.
This study contributes to the research in the field of data representation and statistical thinking. The analysis and results led to an integrated picture of Grade 4-7 learners' representation of statistical data and of the statistical thinking levels evident in their representations. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)
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An investigation into undergraduate student's difficulties in learning the bivariate normal distribution : a case of a Kenyan universityOnyancha, Nyambane Bosire 03 1900 (has links)
The low grades that students score in some statistical units in Kenyan universities is of great
concern and has evoked research interest in the teaching of some of the units and the students’
learning of the statistical content.
The aim of the study was to investigate the difficulties undergraduate students experience in
the learning of bivariate normal distribution in a Kenyan university. The research also aimed
to answer the following research questions on the difficulties undergraduate students
encounter in the learning of bivariate normal distribution.
The first research question was based on the reasons why students find learning of bivariate
normal distribution difficult and the second research question was to find the reasons why
students experience such difficulties in learning bivariate normal distribution.
The target population for this study included lecturers teaching statistics in the university, and
second- and third- year students enrolled or who have previously completed the probability
and statistics III unit, where the bivariate normal distribution content is covered. In selecting
students for the study, the simple random sampling technique was employed while convenient
sampling was used to select lecturers who participated in the study.
A mixed methods design was adopted for this study where both quantitative and qualitative
data was collected. A total of 175 students and six lecturers participated in this research study.
All students who participated in the study did a bivariate normal distribution test (Appendix
1) designed by the researcher and then filled in a questionnaire (Appendix 2). The lecturers
who participated in the study filled in an open-ended questionnaire (Appendix 3).
The results showed that undergraduate students have difficulties in learning bivariate normal
distribution. This is because most of them could neither state the bivariate normal distribution
nor solve any of the application questions on the content. The students find it difficult to learn
and comprehend the bivariate normal distribution equation with its many parameters and constants of the two random independent variables.
The results also showed that students could not state the normal distribution equation nor
could they solve questions on the normal distribution, which forms the foundational
knowledge required for effective learning of the bivariate normal distribution content.
ii
Based on the results, the study recommended that emphasis should be placed on the basic and
foundational knowledge of the normal distribution content and its applications before teaching
bivariate normal distribution in probability and statistics III. In addition, it is recommended
that all students should be involved in the learning of basic content to enable them to
understand all parameters and constants in the equations and their applications. The study also
recommends that lecturers revise the foundational knowledge and content related to the
bivariate normal distribution before introducing and teaching the bivariate normal distribution
content. This study also recommends that the university should consider a change of
curriculum by teaching the bivariate normal distribution, as an introductory course to the unit
under the multivariate distributions in statistics, in third year of the students’ studies.
; ; / Mathematics Education / M. Sc. (Mathematics Education)
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O ensino da curva ABC no curso técnico em administração: uma possibilidade de integração entre a administração e o ensino de estatística / The teaching of the ABC curve in a technical course in administration: a possibility of integration between the administration and the teaching of statisticsReichardt, André Luis 30 August 2017 (has links)
Acompanha: Sequência de ensino de estatística: a curva ABC no curso técnico de administração / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal analisar as contribuições do Ensino de Estatística e Administração no ensino da curva ABC em um curso Técnico em Administração. Na intenção de alcançar tal objetivo, e dar fundamentação a pesquisa foi abordado no referencial teórico, as relações que levam a Estatística ser um importante conteúdo ao Ensino da Administração, enfatizando a aplicabilidade de seus conceitos na formulação, construção e análise da curva ABC, conteúdo específico ao quarto ano do Ensino Técnico em Administração Integrado ao Ensino Médio; nesse momento também se fez necessário uma análise dos documentos norteadores a essa modalidade de ensino tanto na esfera Federal quanto Estadual, finalizando com a definição do que é e para que se aplica a curva ABC em um ambiente organizacional. Os procedimentos metodológicos que nortearam a pesquisa seguem os conceitos da pesquisa qualitativa de cunho aplicada. A investigação e coleta de dados se deram por meio da aplicação de uma Sequência de Ensino que abordou as relações entre a importância do ensino de Estatística voltada ao desenvolvimento e aprendizagem da curva ABC. Participaram desta pesquisa 22 alunos, matriculados no 4º ano do Curso Técnico em Administração em um colégio no município de Rio Negro - PR. Para análise dos dados coletados, optou-se pela Análise Textual Discursiva, que permitiu a interpretação e a compreensão dos registros efetuados pelos alunos através de atividades e relatos durante a aplicação da pesquisa. Assim, a partir da análise textual discursiva realizada sobre as atividades dos alunos foi possível evidenciar que os mesmos já haviam tido contato com conceitos estatísticos importantes a formulação da curva ABC facilitando o aprendizado desse conteúdo especifico ao curso técnico em Administração, verificando-se também que os alunos utilizam-se desses conceitos no desenvolvimento da Tabela Mestra como da curva ABC. Por fim, como produto educacional oriundo deste estudo, apresenta-se ao quadro docente um material de apoio (Sequência de Ensino) contendo estratégias de como abordar o conteúdo sobre um olhar contextualizado, resultado das análises e registros do percurso vivenciados nesta pesquisa. / The present study had as main objective to analyze the contributions of the Teaching Statistics and Management to teach the ABC curve in a technical course in Management. In order to achieve the objective, and to provide a foundation for theoretical referential, as relations that lead to Statistics are important subject to the Teaching of Management, emphasizing an applicability of its concepts in the formulation, construction and analysis of the ABC curve, specific content to the fourth year of Technical Education in Integrated Management to High School; at that time too it was necessary to analyze the guiding documents for this type of teaching both at the Federal and State levels, ending with the definition of what is, and for what, an ABC curve is applied in an organizational environment. The methodological procedures that guided the research follow the concepts of the qualitative research of an applied nature. Research and data collection was carried out through the application of A Sequence of Teaching that addresses how the relationship between the importance of teaching Statistics aimed at the development and learning of the ABC curve. Participated 22 students, enrolled in the 4th year of the Technical Course in Management in a school in Rio Negro - PR. To analyze the data collected, discursive textual analysis, which allowed an interpretation and understanding of the records made by students through activities and reports during an application of the research. Thus, from the discursive textual analysis carried out on how activities The students were possible so that they had already had contact with concepts statistical analysis of the ABC curve formulation facilitating the learning of this specific content to the technical course in Management also being verified students who use concepts without development of the Master Table and the ABC curve. Lastly, as an educational product from this study, the support material (Sequence of Teaching) containing how to approach the subject about a contextualized look, result of the analyzes and track records experienced in the research.
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O ensino da curva ABC no curso técnico em administração: uma possibilidade de integração entre a administração e o ensino de estatística / The teaching of the ABC curve in a technical course in administration: a possibility of integration between the administration and the teaching of statisticsReichardt, André Luis 30 August 2017 (has links)
Acompanha: Sequência de ensino de estatística: a curva ABC no curso técnico de administração / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal analisar as contribuições do Ensino de Estatística e Administração no ensino da curva ABC em um curso Técnico em Administração. Na intenção de alcançar tal objetivo, e dar fundamentação a pesquisa foi abordado no referencial teórico, as relações que levam a Estatística ser um importante conteúdo ao Ensino da Administração, enfatizando a aplicabilidade de seus conceitos na formulação, construção e análise da curva ABC, conteúdo específico ao quarto ano do Ensino Técnico em Administração Integrado ao Ensino Médio; nesse momento também se fez necessário uma análise dos documentos norteadores a essa modalidade de ensino tanto na esfera Federal quanto Estadual, finalizando com a definição do que é e para que se aplica a curva ABC em um ambiente organizacional. Os procedimentos metodológicos que nortearam a pesquisa seguem os conceitos da pesquisa qualitativa de cunho aplicada. A investigação e coleta de dados se deram por meio da aplicação de uma Sequência de Ensino que abordou as relações entre a importância do ensino de Estatística voltada ao desenvolvimento e aprendizagem da curva ABC. Participaram desta pesquisa 22 alunos, matriculados no 4º ano do Curso Técnico em Administração em um colégio no município de Rio Negro - PR. Para análise dos dados coletados, optou-se pela Análise Textual Discursiva, que permitiu a interpretação e a compreensão dos registros efetuados pelos alunos através de atividades e relatos durante a aplicação da pesquisa. Assim, a partir da análise textual discursiva realizada sobre as atividades dos alunos foi possível evidenciar que os mesmos já haviam tido contato com conceitos estatísticos importantes a formulação da curva ABC facilitando o aprendizado desse conteúdo especifico ao curso técnico em Administração, verificando-se também que os alunos utilizam-se desses conceitos no desenvolvimento da Tabela Mestra como da curva ABC. Por fim, como produto educacional oriundo deste estudo, apresenta-se ao quadro docente um material de apoio (Sequência de Ensino) contendo estratégias de como abordar o conteúdo sobre um olhar contextualizado, resultado das análises e registros do percurso vivenciados nesta pesquisa. / The present study had as main objective to analyze the contributions of the Teaching Statistics and Management to teach the ABC curve in a technical course in Management. In order to achieve the objective, and to provide a foundation for theoretical referential, as relations that lead to Statistics are important subject to the Teaching of Management, emphasizing an applicability of its concepts in the formulation, construction and analysis of the ABC curve, specific content to the fourth year of Technical Education in Integrated Management to High School; at that time too it was necessary to analyze the guiding documents for this type of teaching both at the Federal and State levels, ending with the definition of what is, and for what, an ABC curve is applied in an organizational environment. The methodological procedures that guided the research follow the concepts of the qualitative research of an applied nature. Research and data collection was carried out through the application of A Sequence of Teaching that addresses how the relationship between the importance of teaching Statistics aimed at the development and learning of the ABC curve. Participated 22 students, enrolled in the 4th year of the Technical Course in Management in a school in Rio Negro - PR. To analyze the data collected, discursive textual analysis, which allowed an interpretation and understanding of the records made by students through activities and reports during an application of the research. Thus, from the discursive textual analysis carried out on how activities The students were possible so that they had already had contact with concepts statistical analysis of the ABC curve formulation facilitating the learning of this specific content to the technical course in Management also being verified students who use concepts without development of the Master Table and the ABC curve. Lastly, as an educational product from this study, the support material (Sequence of Teaching) containing how to approach the subject about a contextualized look, result of the analyzes and track records experienced in the research.
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A formação estatistica e pedagogica do professor de matematica em comunidades de pratica / The formation pedagogy and statistic of the teacher of mathematics in communities of practicePamplona, Admur Severino 03 September 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Dione Lucchesi de Carvalho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T20:34:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Neste trabalho discute-se a aprendizagem-ensino da Estatística na formação do Professor de Matemática, ressaltando as práticas pedagógicas nela envolvidas. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa na qual foi utilizado um instrumento da História Oral, a "Narrativa Biográfica", para a recolha de dados. Tais narrativas foram obtidas de professores experientes que têm atuado no ensino de estatística, em cursos de formação de professores de matemática (Licenciatura em Matemática) em universidades paulistas. Como instrumento de análise, utilizou-se a "Teoria Social da Aprendizagem", de Wenger, sobre comunidade de prática, a partir da perspectiva histórico-cultural vygotskiana. Para compreender as práticas de formação pedagógicas presentes na formação estatísticas do professor de matemática, tanto alunos como professores foram considerados membros de uma mesma comunidade de prática, já que os sujeitos da pesquisa narraram suas práticas de formação tanto como alunos quanto como professores formadores. Para a análise esteve também presente pelo menos duas conjecturas: uma é "toda prática de formação estatística tem imbricada uma prática de formação pedagógica" e outra, surgida a partir dos estudos de Lee Shulman, é "a formação estatística do professor é diferente da do especialista em estatística". A diferença reside no fato de que, além de compreender os mesmos conceitos, o professor deve percebê-los como componentes de uma disciplina da grade curricular de um curso de formação profissional do Professor de Matemática, conhecendo a história e o desenvolvimento desses conceitos, da disciplina e da própria profissão. As conjecturas se confirmaram na análise, cujos resultados permitiram oferecer resposta à questão colocada. "Quais práticas os professores formadores citaram, desenvolveram ou valorizaram no sentido de evidenciar e fortalecer os nexos entre as práticas de formação estatística e aquelas de formação pedagógica?" Esta análise levou a respostas tais como: o compartilhamento com os licenciandos dos problemas, das escolhas, dos trajetos, das perspectivas e dos prazeres que fazem parte do exercício da profissão do professor, de modo geral, e do ensino da Estatística, de modo particular; o questionamento das práticas discursivas e não discursivas que apoiam relações desiguais de poder entre práticas de formação matemática/estatística e práticas de formação pedagógica; entre outras. A partir daí, são apresentadas algumas sugestões para a ação do professor formador que visam facilitar/estimular, no licenciando, o discernimento dos múltiplos fazeres e pensares que compõem a prática da profissão Professor de Matemática. Uma dessas práticas pode ser, por exemplo, o uso de diferentes abordagens para a aprendizagem-ensino dos conteúdos estatísticos, acompanhados, a cada vez, da análise de uma questão do tipo: "Que fatores contribuíram para que essa determinada abordagem fosse empregada para ensinar esse conteúdo?". Isso se faria tanto como forma de favorecer a imaginação do licenciando a respeito da pertença na comunidade de prática dos professores que ensinam estatística, quanto de aumentar o seu saber a respeito do uso dessas abordagens, levando-os a perceber que não existe uma única abordagem aplicável em todas as situações. / Abstract: In this work is discussed the learning-teaching of the Statistics in the training of the Teacher of Mathematics, emphasizing the pedagogy practice involved. Thus, was realized a search in which was used an instrument of the Oral History, the "biographical narratives" for data collection. These narratives were obtained from experienced professors who have worked in the teaching of statistics, in training courses for teachers of mathematics (Degree in Mathematics) in universities in Sao Paulo state. As tool of analysis, was utilized the "Social Learning Theory" of Wenger on the community of practice, from the perspective of historical and cultural origins in the theory of Vygotsky. To understand the practice of training pedagogical and training statistic of the professor of mathematics, both students as teachers was considered members of a single community of practice since the subjects narrated on their practice training is both of student as of teacher trainer. For the analysis was also present at least two conjectures, an is "all practice of statistical training has imbricated a practice of pedagogical training" and another, arising from the studies of Lee Shulman, is "the training statistical of the teacher is different from the training statistical of the specialist in statistic". The difference lies in the fact that, in addition to understanding the same concepts, the teacher must understand them as components of a discipline's grade curriculum of the course of training of Professor of Mathematics, knowing the history and development of these concepts, of the discipline and of profession itself. The conjectures are confirmed in the analysis, whose results have provided answers to the question: "What practice, the professors trainers have mentioned, developed and valued in order to highlight and strengthen the links between the practices of statistical training and the practices of pedagogical training?" This analysis led to responses such as: the share, with the students, of the problems, of the choices, of the course, of the prospects and of the pleasures that are part of the exercise of teaching in general and the teaching of Statistics, in particular, the questioning of the discursive practices and non-discursive that support unequal relations of power between practices of mathematics training/ statistics and practices of pedagogical training, among others. From there thenceforth are some suggestions for the action of the professors training to facilitate / encourage, in licensing, the wisdom of the multiples think and make of the teaching practice. One of these practices may be, for example, the use of different approaches to teaching-learning of content statistics, together, each time, the analysis of a question like: "What factors contributed to that particular approach to be employed to teach this content?". This would be done both as a way to encourage the imagination of the licensing on the membership on the community of practice of teachers who teach statistics, how to increase your knowledge about the use of these approaches, leading them to realize that there is no single approach applicable in all situations. / Doutorado / Educação Matematica / Doutor em Educação
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